JOURNAL OF THE ATLANTIC COAST CAMELLIA SOCIETY

Atlantic Coast Camellias

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•Vol. XXXVII SPRING, 1990 No.1

ATLANTIC COAST CAMELLIA SOCIETY

OFFICERS

PRESIDENT Leslie P. Cawthon, Jr.2405 Howell Mill Road, NW

Atlanta, Georgia 30318(404) 355-4478

1st VICE PRESIDENT Marion Edwards5603 Darlow Avenue

Jacksonville, Florida 32211(904) 744-2690

2nd VICE PRESIDENT Fred G. Hahn, Jr.4437 McKee Road

Charlotte, North Carolina 28105(704) 846-2245

SECRETARY & TREASURER J. L. McClintock, Jr.1325 E. Barden Road

Charlotte, North Carolina 28226(704) 366-0207

HISTORIANS Mr. and Mrs. W. 1. Shepherd4724 Park Place E.

North Charleston, South Carolina 29406(803) 744-4841

EDITOR Jim DardenRoute 6, Box 504

Clinton, North Carolina 28328(919) 592-3725

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COVER GRAPHIC*****************************************************

Our cover Camellia is BOB HOPE. This extraordinary large Camellia bloom is such adeep red hue that the SCCS Camellia Nomenclature book describes it as "BlackRed." The bloom is semi-double, and has irregular petals. The plant is slow growing,and is compact in habit. BOB HOPE was introduced by Nuccio's Nursery in 1972.

Tips for a Water Wise garden

1. Water infrequently, deeply and thoroughly. This will encourage rootingand greater tolerance to dry spells.

2. Mulch soil surface. Mulching cuts down on water loss due to evaporation.A two inch layer of mulch or compost is recommended. Apply mulches toshrubs, trees, annuals, vegetable gardens and even containers.

3. Shelter container plants. Move containers to shade areas to keep them fromdrying quickly in hot windy areas.

4. Use "Water Wise" plants. Plants rated "water wise" need less water tosurvive. Find out which plants (once well established) can get along with lesswater. Ask your California Certified Nurserymen which plants work well withlimited watering.

5. Install a drip or other water conservation irrigation system. Slow drip anddeep root watering systems can save up to 60 % of all water used in gardencare.

6. Use correct watering techniques. Water early in the day especially as theweather warms to reduce evaporation loss. Water less often for longer lengthof time to encourage deep root growth.

7. Proper soil penetration. Spike or aerate lawns to insure maximum waterpenetration. Or use soil penetration chemicals.

8. Don't be a gutter flooder. Turn off lawn sprinklers before water is wastedas run-off into gutters and streets. Be sure your irrigation system is in properworking condition.

9. Properly condition and fertilize your soil. Water does not easily penetrateclay soils and water passes too quickly beyond the root zone of plants insandy soil. Adding organic matter to clay and sandy soils will increase thepenetrability of clay soils and the water holding capaciaty of sandy soils. Fer­tilize in moderation using a complete, balanced formula.

10. Cut lawns to proper height. Gradually let lawns reach a height of 3-4inches. Longer blades of grass can mean going 3 to 4 days longer betweenwaterings.

11. Discourage water competition from weeds. Keep them pulled and/or useherbicides to control weed growth or mulch to keep them from growing.

12. Plant in groups. Group together plants having similar water requirements(Ferns-Azaleas), (Willows-Alders).

Being "Water Wise" not only conserves water but actually helps you achievea healthier garden. And it can be colorful too!

A message from the California Association of Nurserymen that can apply to anyone.A wet spring can easily be followed by a dry summer.

AN INVITATION TO JOIN

We hope that you will join the Atlantic Coast Camellia Society. Let's enjoyCamellias together.

The Atlantic Coast Camellia Society was organized September 13, 1980 at MyrtleBeach, South Carolina. The purpose of our organization is to extend the apprecia­tion of Camellias and to promote the science of Camellia culture. Through ourCamellia shows and programs, and by exchanging knowledge and ideas with theCamellia specialists within our membership, we feel that everyone in the ACCSbenefits from being a member of this organization. Whether you are a beginningCamellia fancier or a veteran Camellia competitor, the ACCS is dedicated to pro­viding information, shows, and social events that you will find helpful, entertain­ing, and enjoyable.

Annual dues for membership in the ACCS are $10.00 for singles or couples.The membership year runs from September to September. A membership entitlesyou to three issues of Atlantic Coast Camellias, the journal of the Atlantic CoastCamellia Society. These are issued January 1 (spring), May 1 (summer), andSeptember 1 (fall). In addition, your membership provides an invitation to our an­nual meeting in October in Myrtle Beach, S. C. This event has been especiallysuccessful in recent years, with over 100 participants in 1986, and with suchkeynote speakers as Julius Nuccio and Sergio Bracchi.

A variety of Camellia topics are addressed in articles published in Atlantic CoastCamellias. In addition to regular features concerning Camellia culture in the land­scape and in the greenhouse, articles cover such topics as Camellia planting, graft­ing, rooting, judging, pruning, gibbing, disease control, insect control, new andold varieties, show preparations and results, liming, fertilization, spraying, mulching,disbudding, and nursery production. Numerous photographs and illustrations areprovided.

We invite you to join, and welcome you as a member. Please make your checkpayable to the Atlantic Coast Camellia Society. Fill out the convenient applicationblank below, and mail it to: Atlantic Coast Camellia Society

1325 East Barden RoadCharlotte, N. C. 28226

NAME _

IN THIS ISSUEPage

Message From The President 2by Buddy Cawthon, Atlanta, Ga.

What I Have Learned From Hugo 3by Donna Shepherd, Charleston, South Carolina

Camellias Down Under 6by Jeff L. Blythman, South Australia

Fayetteville Show Results 9Fayetteville Camellia Club

Coastal Carolina Show Results 10Charleston, South Carolina

Release of Cold-Hardy Camellias 12by Dr. Bill Ackerman, Washington, D. C.

Information on the Release of "Ack-Scent" 14by Dr. Bill Ackerman, Washington, D. C.

Mid-Carolina Show Results 15Columbia, South Carolina

Editor's Column 16by Jim Darden, Clinton, North Carolina

Marion Edwards - Camellia Lover and Photographer 18by Jim Darden, Clinton, North Carolina

Camellia Grafting at Monrovia Nursery 23by Rick Wells, Azusa, California

STREET ADDRESS

CITY ___________ STATE ZIP _

Shoot Pruning - Is It Beneficial 26by Rita L. Hummel, Washington State University

An Invitation To Join 28PHONE ---l.__L.- _

o Check if you want a membership card.28

Tips for Water Wise Garden Back CoverCalifornia Association of Nurserymen

Dr. Luther Baxter, right, talks with Tom Adams about diseases associated withCamellias. Dr. Baxter, from Clemson University, was the featured speaker at theOctober, 1988 A.C.C.S. meeting in Myrtle Beach. Tom is a member of the CamelliaSociety of Northeast Florida in Jacksonville. (Photo by Jim Darden)

Greetings!

Isn't modern-day science fantasticin that it can warn of impendingdisaster such as Hugo! It's wonder­ful that our members all survived.Those of you with damage - largeor small - our hearts are with youas you rebuild. We send a specialgood wish to "our motel" - the In­dependent Holiday Inn at MyrtleBeach. They hope to be able toreopen in April of 1990.

Until you hear otherwise - fromother sources - circle October 5thand 6th, 1990 for our next con­vention. We'll be in touch with themotel regarding rates and dates. Inmy way of thinking, we'll just pick upwhere we left off - and celebrate our10th Anniversary Convention nextyear. And get ready to buy chanceson two camellia paintings! BlessSadie Lyon's heart, she had one allready and named and ready to go.

I continue to be very impressedwith the stories I hear - of howvarious of our members helped eachother. The Shepherds in North

A MESSAGE

FROM OUR

PRESIDENT

BUDDY CAWTHON

ATLANTA, GEORGIA

Charleston, S. C., were badly dam­aged but nobly assisted. Many, manycalls were made to check on folkssafety and to offer assistance.

I'm sure those of you who madeit to the ACS Meeting in Natches didlots of catching up and swapping ofstories. Whoever thought in-landCharlotte, N. C. would ever be thevictim of a hurricane.

Here's hoping your fall shows havebeen good ones - and that the com­ing winter shows will be better.Please - promote ACCS at yourshows. Remember, a large enoughmembership means more colorcovers for our fine ACCS publication.If you'll all get two new members,we'll have it made.

Good growing - good showing ­in good health.

~cJ-dfJBuddy Cawthon

"

In trees with a decurrent growth habit,a number of branches arising near thesame point is aesthetically undesirableand structurally unsound. The tree'susefulness from a landscape andsafety standpoint may be impaired,unless one shoot becomes dominantand replaces the leader. In contrast toheading, the other pruning cut,thinning (removing a lateral branch atits point of origin or shortening the

main trunk by cutting to a lateral largeenough to develop into the main trunk)produces a more evenly distributedgrowth response in the plant. Thinnedplants become more open, but retaintheir natural form.

Reprinted courtesy of the N. C. Associa­tion of Nurserymen's Journal, "NurseryNotes. "

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SHOOT PRUNING AT TRANSPLANT TIMEIS IT BENEFICIAL?

By Rita L. HummelWashington State University

Cooperative Extension Service

Pruning out various portions of theshoot at transplant time to compensatefor roots lost in digging is a longstand­ing horticultural practice. The practicearises from what seems to be a logicalassumption: the smaller root system ofthe newly planted tree or shrub can nolonger take up adequate water tosupply the top, thus shoot pruningbecomes necessary.

Some recent research studies havecast doubt on the effectiveness ofpruning at transplant time. Does itactually improve the growth andestablishment of landscape plants?Shoot pruning Japanese holly plantsthat were moved from 2-inch liner potsinto containers 6 inches in diameter by12 inches deep, increased the numberof new shoots, but suppressed rootgrowth over a two month period whencompared to nonpruned plants. Lateralroot formation was inhibited in pistaciaseedlings that were disbudded ortreated with bud-inhibiting chemicals.Comparing the importance of budsand shoots in root regeneration of twooaks produced contrasting results:buds and shoots promoted rootregeneration in pin oak, and easilytransplanted species, but had nopromotive effect on the early stages ofroot regeneration in scarlet oak, adifficult species to transplant. In silvermaple, a growing bud was required toinitiate spring root growth; removing itdelayed root growth. Pruning studiesof container-grown apple trees, again,demonstrated that shoot pruningstimulated shoot growth and inhibitedroot growth.

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In field transplant studies with 12bare root tree species, Oklahomaresearchers removed 0, 15, 30 or 45percent of the plant height before thespring growth flush. The pruningtreatments had no effect on thesurvival of any species. Based onthese results, they recommended thatonly corrective pruning be done attransplant, because excessive pruningreduced visual quality, increasedsuckers on some species and did notaid in establishment or survival.

Pruning at transplant time can alsohave a profound effect on tree form. Insome species, severe pruning tends topromote basal suckering, thusdestroying the natural form of thespecies. When evaluating the potentialeffect of pruning, consider the tree'snatural branching pattern. Theextremes of tree form are the excurrentform, where a single leader outgrowsthe lateral branches beneath andproduces a cone-shaped crown, andthe decurrent form, where the lateralbranches grow nearly as fast or fasterthan the terminal and produce aspreading, rounded crown.

The type of pruning cut used attransplant has considerable influenceon the growth response of plants, aswell. There are two types of pruningcuts, thinning and heading. Whentrees are headed (cutting a youngshoot back to a bud or an older branchback to a stub) a number of shoots areoften produced just below the cut.These shoots usually grow in an up­right, vigorous fashion and compete toreplace the leader which has been lost.

What I Have Learned From HUGOby Donna Shepherd, Charleston, S. C.

We ofttimes repeat out loud to each other. "Camellia friends are the best!" Camelliafriends are a joyous group who appreciate each other. I want to express my specialthanks for such friends.

We couldn't have gotten through the devastation of HUGO ­house completely covered in fallen trees;trees dropping in uninvited into our attic and walls;water leaking through ceilings and light fixtures;sodden rugs;sweeping water out of the kitchen and breakfast porch;the smell of mildew on hot, sticky mosquito filled nights;the smell of kerosene lamps;cooking on a grill on the front porch under a leaking roof while batting

at super-size mosquitoes;standing in a long line, in the rain, for ice or water, and when it's your

turn for service only to be told they're all out;being without water for 4 days;

being without power for 15 days;being without drtnking water for 14 days (it smelled awful and tasted

worse). We're still on bottled water, we just can't seem to get weaned;tossing out cartons of spoiled shelled, cleaned shrimp, crab, and other

good things to eat;cleaning out a molded refrigerator;

This is Bill and Donna's house after HUGO! The power is out, and nearly all ofthe huge pine trees are down. (Photo by Shepherd)

3

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Monrovia in Oregon - The Monrovia operation in Dayton, Oregon, producesmillions of high quality plants.

a critical time to watch for jar removal.At the first sign of bud unfolding, thejar should be tipped to provide someair circulation and start the hardening­off process for the graft. The jar maybe completely removed two or threedays after tilting. If leaves are allowedto unfold in untilted jars, the new scionwill usually wilt badly and sometimeseven die when the jar is removed. Lighthand misting may be necessary onwarm days to prevent wilting. Two tothree weeks after jar removal, theplants may be taken outside andplaced in a shade house where theyagain may require hand misting onwarm days for awhile.

By the following spring, one yearlater, the grafted plants are ready forshifting to larger containers.

This method has worked well for usfor many years. The most importantthings to remember are to keep thegrafts dark, cool and dry, and to besure to remove the jars before leavesunfold.

• ..>. ",'

Once the scion is prepared, it isplaced in the understock so that thebottom bud faces out and is placed atthe top of the sloping cut of theunderstock. Care should be taken tomatch the cambial areas of the scionand understock. Pulling the scion upso that 114 in. of the cut can be seenabove the understock often simplifiesthe matching process as well asproviding a good visual area to checkcallus formation. The graft is thenwrapped with a 114 X 4 in. grafting rub­ber; no sealing is required. Lastly theentire graft is sprayed with a 200 ppmBenlate spray.

Wide mouth quart jars are used tocover each grafted plant. They provideeach plant with its own minigreenhouse environment where aclean, high humidity condition can bemaintained. Jars are washed anddipped in Physan prior to use.

By the third week after grafting,good callus formation can be seen; bythe fourth week the buds on the scionsbegin to elongate and unfold. This is

4

Ah, but it is an experience to live through. In the midst of all these circumstancescamellia friends called to see what they could do for us.

1. Jim Pinkerton drove all the way from Lugoff and returned in the dark,just to bring us a much needed generator. He also brought a fivegallon can full of gas.

2. Annabelle Fetterman, and Molly and Kyle, drove a four hour trip downfrom Clinton, to bring ice, water, fruit, food. They cooked a deliciousmeal on the grill and served it before heading the long way backhome.

3. Marion Edwards wanted to bring Tom Adams up from Jacksonville tocut the trees out of the house and install temporary roofing. Later weused cranes.

4. We received many calls and letters from all over the States offeringto come and help.

5. Gladys and Jim Pinkerton got together thirty of their camellia friendswho were manhandled by HUGO. They swapped tales of wind, rain,tornadoes, damages, as they enjoyed camellia fellowship and the"best BBQ in Williamsburg county". Getting together was a moralebooster. It gave us the lift in spirits that we needed.

This pine tree wentcompletely throughthe roof of Bill andDonna's home. Mostof their Camelliasare crushed.(Photo by Shepherd)

Monrovia Nursery in California - The blooming azaleas in the foreground are partof several hundred acres of fine plants in Azusa, California.

the pruning shears. The first cut on theunderstock should not be flat, rather itshould slope slightly to one side. Thena downward cut is made splitting theunderstock to a depth of about 1114 in.This cut is made so that it bisects theangle of the first cut. In this way, oneside of the vertical cut is through thehigh point of the understock. Theunderstock is now ready for the scion.

Scionwood is collected from # 1,# 5, and # 7 containers from last year'swood, although older wood may beused if necessary. Tips, seconds, andthirds are suitable. Scions are 3 to 3112in. in length, containing 3 or 4 buds;shorter scions with only two buds mayalso be used if wood is in very shortsupply. Each scion should have two

24

leaves (with the end '/3 of the leafremoved). All other lower leaves areremoved. Scions are washed in 200ppm Physan, dipped in 200 ppmBenlate and stored in plastic bags at400F until needed. Camellia woodstores well and may be good for threeweeks if stored in this manner.

The two cuts on the scion are 1 to1% in. long. They should begin justbelow and on either side of one of thebottom buds, usually the second orthird bud from the top. The bark leftbetween the cuts should be slightlywider on the side below this bottombud. Thus the scion base is slightlywedge-shaped. The very thin wood atthe base of the scion should be re­moved since it is most susceptible todrying and desiccation.

This is what I have learned from HUGO:1. Patience2. It's got to get better3. After four days you get tired of chicken noodle soup and vienna sausage

sandwiches.4. Folded peanut butter sandwiches are the best frustration helpers.5. You can do without electricity better than you can do without water.6. A bathtub full of water will only flush a john six times.7. More patience8. A complete rubdown with mosquito repellant at night before sleeping

on top of the sheets won't break you out in a rash, neither will itdiscourage mosquitoes.

9. A pine that came down first into the attic was 119 years old, the nexttwo were 102 and 88, respectively. Age doesn't qualify in proportionto damages. (Ask any mother of a three year old).

10. Camellia friends are really the best. I felt God's love and presencethrough their care and concern for us. They're not only the best offriends, but they're the greatest!

Donna Shepherd

On a much brighternote, Leslie Serpasand Parker Connorenjoy the Mid-CarolinaCamellia Show at theSouth Carolina StateFair in Columbia onOctober 21. Parker wasthe top winner in theshow.(Photo by Shepherd)

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CAMELLIAS DOWN-UNDER CAMELLIA GRAFTING AT MONROVIA NURSERYBy Rick Wells

Monrovia Nursery CompanyP. O. Box Q

Azusa, California 91702

Jeff L. Blythman

My experience and knowledge ofcamellia culture on the Adelaide plainsin South Australia, give me thequalifications to evaluate camelliasgrowing in rather harsh conditionswhich exist in this area.

These are the conditions: Known asthe hottest and driest State ofAustralia, the rainfall rarely reachessufficient quantity to supply the needsof the country, so pumping isnecessary from the Murray river, some80 Km away. This water has a salinitycontent which is not all that good forcamellias and other acid loving plants.Rainwater tanks are a must underthese conditions.

It is not uncommon for temperaturesto reach 40 degrees C. sometimes fordays at a time. Shadecloth of 70% to80% is required for sun protection. Italso blocks out the severe hot north­erly winds. The winter months are noproblem. Temperature seldomreaches freezing point. It is advisableto grow camellias in containers usinga good potting mix which is slightlyacid. Direct ground planting wouldmean the removal of one cubic metreof heavy red clay and replacing it witha potting mix or soil from the hills area,for each camellia. Top soil on theplains is shallow and in some placesa hard limestone crust exists, whichmust be broken up and removed.

In recent years, I have reduced mycollection, keeping those that are re­liable, this giving them more breathingspace, air circulation which is veryimportant, and reducing die-back andinsect attack. So the camelliasmentioned here are the pick of thecrop, best in plant behaviour, andbloom performance and appearance.

C. japonicaNo.1: 'Ville de Nantes '. Heavilyvariegated, good form, reliable yearafter year. Itmust be sprayed regularly

6

South Australia

to ward off insects. A MUST.NO.2: 'Feathery Touch '. High ruffledpetals, always catches the judges eye.Extremely hard to propagate, but worththe effort. Keep trying.NO.3: 'Apollo 14'. Has small budswhich open to a medium sized perfect­ly shaped formal double bloom.NO.4: 'Desire '. A large formal double,different from the nomenclature bookdescription, as mine has a creamywhite centre to white, then edged deeppink. Vigorous grower.NO.5: 'Gee Homeyer'. Blooms late, justin time for the final show of the season.Brillant pink, veined red. An eyecatching formal double.No 6: 'Kathryn Funari '. One of my latereditions. It's more red than pink. Apleasing large formal, well worth aplace in any garden.NO.7: 'Chie Tarumoto '. A real eye cat­cher! Blush pink formal, vigorousgrower. Admired by all who see it. Pro­fuse bloomer.No.8: 'Nan Pickering '. A local registra­tion, pale pink, large formal doublewith willowy growth. Has the ap­pearance of a non-retic hybrid bloom.NO.9: 'Honey Glow'. White shading tocream to almost yellow centre. Anunusual bloom. Medium to large for­mal double. Very attractive.No. 10: 'Music City '. Brilliant pinkformal. A vigorous grower. In my opi­nion very under-rated. Perfect bloomsfor any show bench.No. 11: 'Dixie Knight Supreme '. A mustfor the lover of variegated blooms.Dark red, heavily moired white peonyform with high petals.No. 12: 'Tammia '. My best miniatureformal double, which I find is not thesame as 'Grace Albritton', which I alsohave. Differences occur in size andcolour of blooms. Growth habits alsovary.

Camellias are one of the major cropsat Monrovia Nursery. We prepare inthe neighborhood of 1,500,000camellia cuttings per year resulting inthe production of over 1,000,000 liners.Approximately 600,000 of these linersare used for the production of largercontainers while the rest are sold asliners. Of the 600,000 or so # 1 con­tainer plants produced each year, onlyabout 5,000 are grafted, (this is onlyabout 0.8%).

We graft camellias for one of threereasons. First some cultivars ('PinkPagoda' for example) are very poorrooters or grow poorly on their ownroots. Second, we can multiply newcultivars faster by utilizing both softercuttings and heavier scionwood fromthe plants where cutting wood islimited. Third, when we receive woodof the new cultivars from othernurseries or arboreta the wood is oftenunsuitable for cuttings, but bettersuited for scionwood.

Camellias require considerable careduring the grafting process. We havehad the best results utilizing the follow­ing procedure. For understock, we usestrong growing cultivars (usuallyDebutante) grown in # 1 containersand produced by cuttings. The caliperof the understock should be about V4in. diameter. To produce a plant ofsuitable size for understock it takes ap­proximately 21/2 years from the time ofmaking the cuttings. Understock ishand selected and must not be too low­branched; it should have a straightbase with little or no side branching for

23

the first 4 to 5 in. above the soil. Manytimes, the best understock are theplants which are a little too "leggy" tobe kept for growing on. Selecting themto be grafting understock makes gooduse of them.

Understock is brought into thegreenhouse during the middle ofDecember, about two weeks prior tografting. Because of winter rains, theunderstock usually comes into thehouse quite wet. It often takes twoweeks for the understock to dryenough to be suitable for grafting. Wehave found that if the soil is too wet,the plant will "bleed" heavily, whichwill interfere with callusing and con­tribute to disease problems at the graftunion.

The greenhouse environment is veryimportant. Camellias should be keptcool; heating is only provided if nighttemperatures fall below 40°F. Extrashade is provided by draping 55 %shadecloth inside the greenhouse overthe benches. Since the grafts arecovered with clear glass jars, this ex­tra shade is necessary to help preventheat build-up in jars.

Once the understock has dried to asuitable point, grafting begins. Justprior to grafting all understock issprayed with a 200 ppm Benlate spray.Since a cleft graft is used, the first stepis to cut off the understock at a heightof 21/2 to 3 in. above the soil with prun­ing shears. Next, a fresh cut is madeon the understock with a sharp graftingknife, removing a thin slice of woodand any damaged tissue resulting from

Marion Edwards, always at the ready with his photographic equipment, shows JimPinkerton the latest varieties of fine Camellias.

because of problems at shows in theselast two categories.

Marion Edwards is currentlyattending about ten shows a year. Heis rebuilding his collection, addingapproximately 60 new plants eachyear. Since 1985 he has collected over300 varieties, mostly japonicas. Hegrows all of his plants outside and incontainers under a shade house andpine trees. Since he has nogreenhouse he has only 25 retics andnon-retic hybrids.

Marion says that he is retired now,

having gotten pretty lazy when itcomes to a lot of things. He says thathe would just as soon put things offuntil tomorrow if he can. Don't believethat, especially if you are competingwith him in a Camellia show. Marionis a master grower, he knows everyoneassociated wifh Camellias, and he hascollected virtually all of the newest andfinest varieties in the world. Thefriendly Camellia photog fromJacksonville is an expert. I think youwill be seeing that in his photographs.

It may be noticed from the above,formal doubles dominate the selection.

.They appear to flourish better herethan in neighbouring states.

C. reticulata hybridsIn my opinion, there are far too many

new registrations of mostly look-alikeblooms. Many fail to remain fresh after24 hours from picking. The best of mycollection are those listed below.NO.1: 'Dr. Clifford Parks '. The bestbloom and plant is this variety. It is har­dy, reliable and vigorous. Always ashow winner.NO.2: 'Harold L. Paige '. Not as reliableas 'Dr. Clifford Parks', but can producequality blooms. Mine are deeper thanbright red as listed.No.3: 'Debut '. This one varies fromyear to year, possibly due to theweather conditions. Have had prizewinning blooms from the plant.NO.4: 'Singapore Sal'. Found this onerather hard to propagate, but worth try­ing. Has magnificent deep purplish red

flowers. Very impressive.NO.5: 'Cameron Cooper'. Have wonbest California raised. A vigorousgrower, with an unusual salmon shadeof pink. Worth having.NO.6: 'Glowing Embers '. New Zealandbred, has won many firsts with its ex­cellent bright red semi-double blooms.A vigorous grower.NO.7: 'Curtain Call'. Another winner.A very large deep rose pink with highwavy petals. Won three times in oneseason with this one.NO.8: 'Lady GLencora '. Another NewZealand bred variety. A very pale pinkof unusual tone. High wavy petals. Stilla young plant. Worth watching.NO.9: 'Elizabeth AstLes '. Australian bredby Edgar Sebire. The best I have fromhis nursery. Very large vivid pink,peony form.No. 10: 'Arthur Knight'. This one is stillunder evaluation. A white sometimesshowing a faint tinge of pink at the budcentre. Opens like a waterlily. A formaldouble medium sized bloom, some

Three fineCamelliagrowers ­Buck Mizzell,Howard Rish,and RupertDrews at aCamellia partyin Myrtle Beach.(Photo by Shepherd)

22 7

have lasted to stretch and open show­ing some short yellow stamens. Plantgrowth is vigorous with unusual darkgreen foilage. An interesting localrelease.

Non-reticulata hybridsMany of these releases do not fare

so well in this environment. The follow­ing would be the hardiest in mygarden.NO.1: 'Rose Boquet '. A strong, vigorousplant, producing beautiful formal androse form double blooms.NO.2: 'Rose Parade'. Deep rose pinkformal double blooms, very reliableplant of 10 years, surviving very wellin a 15" plastic container.NO.3: 'Sunsong'. New Zealand bred, aseedling of 'Elegant Beauty'. Producesmany fine soft pink, large Formal dou­ble blooms. Very vigorous.NO.4: 'Tamzin Coull '. A large water lilyshaped formal double of deep pink col­our. Very attractive. Vigorous, willowygrowth.NO.5: 'Len Bray'. Australian bred.

Deep orchid pink formal double. Veryimpressive. Large bloom with manyrows of incurved petals.NO.6: 'Mona Jury '. Now 6 years old.Has settled to produce many attractivelarge peony form blooms.NO.7: 'Angel Wings '. A delicate white,shaded to pink, semi-double with highwavy petals. This one has always beenpopular as a show bloom.NO.8: 'E.G. Waterhouse, var. '. I preferthis one to the original solid colour.Very reliable and vigorous.

This covers my evaluation, as I seethem in my garden at the present time,under the somewhat harsh conditionsprevailing here. From information justreceived, a japonica seedling of 'ErinFarmer' X 'Bea Rogers' has recentlybeen registered in New Zealand byJohn Lesnie called 'Queen Diana '. It isa medium sized formal double, palepink shading to white inner petals. Theinformant states that it has exceptionalbeauty and is truly worth waiting for.It could be released later this year.

Marion's photograph of Joe Austin's winning bloom, Tomorrow, Marbury's LightPink, in Charleston, 1989, illustrates his expertise with the Camera.

(Photo by Edwards)

Pretty Camellia ladies at a Gulf Coast Camellia Society meeting in Mobile, Alabama- (L to R) Lawanda Brogden, Mildred Robertson, Jeanette Waltz, Clara Hahn,and Donna Shepherd. (Photo by Shepherd)

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three parts cottonseed meal, one partblood meal (10-0-0), one part sulfate ofpotash (never muriate of potaSh), andone ounce of a trace element mix.

Having been to hundreds ofCamellia shows Marion is certainlyqualified to comment on the good andthe bad found therein. He is particular­ly complimentary of the shows inCharleston, Columbia, and Charlotte,saying that they are very well organiz­ed and run. Here is what he looksfor in a good show (a good objectivelesson for all of us who are involved

21

in putting on a show this year):1. You should be well organized, witheveryone knowing what to do.2. You should invite good judges,knowing for judging fairly andimpartially. 3. Clerks and runnersshould be educated in advance so thatthey know exactly what to do whenthings get rushed. 4. Double check tobe sure that all blooms that the judgeswant to send to the head table actual­ly make it there. 5. Blooms of the samevariety should always be groupedtogether. Marion had lost trophies

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Elizabeth BrownHilton Head, S. C.

Jack TeagueColumbia, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.Mrs. Ray Watson

Greensboro, N. C.

Parker ConnerEdisto Island, S. C.

Parker ConnerEdisto Island, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.Mrs. Ray Watson

Greensboro, N.C.Parker Conner

Edisto Island, S. C.Mr. & Mrs. Bill Howell

Wilmington, N. C.Betty Brown

Hilton Head Island, S. C.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert FowlerLumberton, N. C.

Mr. & Mrs. J. K. BlanchardWallace, N. C.

Tammia

Pharoah

FAYETTEVILLE

Best Japonica LargelVeryLarge Protected Helen Bower Var.

Best Japonica In Open Lady Kay

Runner Up Best JaponicaIn Open Helen Bower

Best Japonica MediumProtected Dawn's Early Light

Best ReticulatalHybridw/Reticulata Parentage Curtain Call

Best Japonica SmallProtected Little Susie

Best Hybrid (not reticulata) Charlean Var.

Best Collection 3 AlikeIn Open Rose Dawn

Best Collection 3 AlikeProtected

Sweepstakes In Open

Best Collection of 5Different Protected Our Kerry, Silver Chalice,

Delta Dawn, Harold Paige, Cameron CooperSweepstakes Protected

Best Miniature

Best Seedling

Marion recommends a potting soi Imade of 75% pine bark and 25% sand.He sometimes uses sandy loaminstead of sand in the mix, and he addsseveral amendments for their nutrientvalue. A trace element mix isessential for good growth, especiallymolybdenum to counter dieback. Heuses a time release fertilizer, such asOsmocote, for the major elements. Helimes his Camellias with dolomitic lime,which offers extra magnesium.

The fertilization program begins inFebruary (in Florida) with a 19-7-11slow release fertilizer along with traceelements and molybdenum. Then hecomes back in June with a lightapplication of 1/2 Mill Organite(activated sewage sludge) and 1/2cottonseed meal (6-0-1). Then inautumn he covers the surface of thesoil with another fertilizer concoction.This includes three parts Mill Organite,

Court of HonorClass A: 1 Japonica In Open Sea Foam Parker Conner

Edisto Island, S. C.Class A: 1 Japonica In Open Miss Charleston Mangery Wallace

FairmontClass B: 1 Japonica Large/Very Large Protected Ruffian Mr. & Mrs. Robert Fowler

Lumberton, N. C.Class B: 1 Japonica MediumProtected Nuccio's Gem Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.Class B: 1 Japonica SmallProtected Pink Perfection Ray Bond

Raleigh, N. C.

20 9

them together (potted plants) to helpinsulate them, and then add agenerous layer of pine straw mulch. Hesays that his plants survive better ifplanted in a large pot. It seems that theextra layer of soil around the rootstends to insulate them and preventmuch of the cold damage that is oftenseen in plants of comparable size insmaller pots.

Marion Edward is a veritable foun­tain of Camellia knowledge, and hasan endless supply of good growing tipsfor beginners. First, he says that weshould never use city water. Rainwater or well water is better. He saysthat Geary Serpas has tested his citywater and found that it is very alkaline,with a pH of 8.8. Marion is envious ofIvan Mitchell, who lives in Melrose,Florida, on a spring fed lake. The waterquality is excellent and Ivan'sCamellias are spectacular.

Delores and MarionEdwards sit at thehead table in MyrtleBeach with Fred Hahnin 1988.(Photo by Shepherd)

39th ANNUAL CAMELLIA SHOWCOASTAL CAROLINA CAMELLIA SOCIETY

CITADEL MALL 1-28-89

10

show bloom is Miss Charleston, eithersolid red or variegated. He has wonmore show trophies with another of hisfavorites, Helen Bower Var.

I asked Marion what his favoritevarieties were in each color category.In whites he likes Charlie Bettes andSnowman. In red blooms his bestvarieties are Miss Charleston, WoodvilleRed, and a sport from Woodville Red thatis high on his list because it blooms inJuly. In pink Marion is partial to RenaSwick, Carter's Sunburst Pink, andShowtime. He is especially fond ofShowtime, which he can blow up to 7"in diameter by gibbing.

After Marion had been thoroughlysmitten by the Camellia bug heturned his attentions to show varieties.Reticulatas became one of hisspecialties, both for growing andphotographing. His favorite red reticsare Harold Paige and Dr. Clifford Parks.In pink he is proud of his Francie L.,Valley Knudsen, and Royalty. ValentinesDay is his favorite variegated retic.

Marion is excited about the varietyRachel Tarpy. Another which he isespecially high on is Delores Edwards,named for his pretty wife. This is oneof Hulyn Smith's seedlings fromAustralia or New Zealand. It is a pinkand white non-retic hybrid which cancome in peony, anemone, or semi­double forms. Its genealogy isunknown. Marion speaks highly ofseveral of the new Nuccio hybrids,including Trophy, Grand Marshal,Nuccio's Carrousel, and Dahlonega.

Marion's collection grew over theyears to the point that he had well over300 varieties growing in his yard by theearly 1980's. Then came the badweather. The cold winter of 1983killed over 50% of his plants. Thewinter of 1985, when temperaturesdipped nearly to zero, finished offmany more.

Marion offers several tips forwinterizing your Camellias. He hasfound that plants need to be wateredwell during cold weather. You can pull

19

Marion arrives at a Camelliameeting in Myrtle Beach.

pale pink to white. Even so, the warmsub-tropical climate of Florida allowedMarion to gather a vast collection ofthe finest Camellia varieties whichgrew faster than he ever imaginedpossible in Virginia.

As Marion's collection grew hequickly spotted several varieties whichwould become his favorites. Ville deNantes is his top variety. He loves therabbit ears, which are sometimes bothvariegated and fimbriated. His favorite

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

M. S. EdwardsJacksonville, Fla.

Walter BilbroCharleston, S. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

Mary & Tom AdamsOrangepark, Fla.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Mary & Tom AdamsOrangepark, Fla.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Rupert DrewsCharleston, S. C.

R. F. StubenrauchCharleston, S. C.

Wayne AltmanSummerville, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Clara and Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

G. M. SerpasSummerville, S. C.

Albert V. EwanCharleston, S. C.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Fowler

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Mr. & Mrs. J. K. BlanchardWallace, N. C.

Mona Jury

Mona Jury

Snowie

Hulyn Smith

Emma Gaeta

Valley Knudsen

Pink Dahlia Sport

Moonlight Bay

Ville de NantesSea Foam

Class C: 1 Reticulata orReticulata HybridClass 0: 1 Hybrid(no reticulata)

Class E: 1 Miniature

Runner up Guilio Nuccio, Var.

Best Bloom Grown In Open: Clnrk Hubbs

Best Miss Charleston in Open

Best Miss Charleston Protected

Best Seedling

Best Hybrid in Open

Best Hybrid Protected

Best Reticulata in Open

Best Reticulata Protected

Best Bloom Grown UnderProtection: Elegans Supreme, Var.

Runner Up Elegans Champagne

Best White Bloom in Open Chow's Han-Ling

Best White Protected Ruffian

Best Novice Bloom Ville de Nantes

Best Miniature Botan-Yuki

Court of Honor in Open Betty Sheffield, Var.

Marion EdwardsCamellia Lover and Photographer

by Jim Darden

SweepstakesGold Sweepstakes in Open: Parker E. Connor, Jr.; Edisto Island, S. C.Silver Sweepstakes in Open: Mary & Tom Adams, Orangepark, Fla.Gold Sweepstakes Protected: Joe Austin, Four Oaks, N. C.Silver Sweepstakes Protected: Jim Pinkerton, Lugoff, S. C.Show Chairman: Rupert DrewsNumber of blooms: 1,532

Tomorrow Marbury's Light Pink

Harry O. ShawMt. Pleasant, S. C.

Mrs. William M. PolockCharleston, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.Mary & Tom Adams

Orangepark, Fla.Mary & Tom Adams

Orangepark, Fla.Julian Hayes

Mt. Pleasant, S. C.Albert V. Ewan

Charleston, S. C.Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.W. H. Rish

Winnsboro, S. C.W. H. Rish

Winnsboro, S. C.Clara & Fred Hahn

Charlotte, N. C.Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Ann & Mack McKinnonLugoff, S. C.

Ann & Mack McKinnonLugoff, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Show Time

Donckelarii

Granada

Jean Clere

Coronation

Julia

Katie, Var.

Arcadia

Helen Bower

Margaret Davis

Tomorrow, Var.

Tony's Joy, Var.

Elegans Supreme

Clark Hubbs, Var.

Lady Kay

Betty Sheffield Pink

11

Dawn's Early Light

Park Hill Tomorrow

Mathotiana Supreme

Runner Up Court

Court of Honor Protected

Runner Up Court

Marion Edwards with his prize-winningCamellias in Jacksonville, Florida.

hooked on japonicas and begancollecting them for his landscape.Even though Richmond is nowconsidered to be on the northern edgeof the Camellia range, Marioncollected and grew Camellias suc­cessfully for several years there. Afterfive years the railroad transferred himto Jacksonville, Florida, and Marion'sCamellia growing began in earnest.

In Florida Marion noticed that thecolors of certain varieties were notquite as dark in hue as they had beenih the cooler Virginia weather. Forexample, his Magnoliaeflora in Rich­mond had been a rich deep pink. But,in Florida the same variety bloomed

18

If you have attended Camellia showsin the southeast regularly you will nodoubt recognize the tall fellow fromJacksonville, Florida, who patrols theshows regularly with his trusty cameraover his shoulder. Marion Edwards iswell known in Camellia circles in theUnited States and around the world forhis knowledge of Camellias and hisprowess with the camera. He is one ofthis country's foremost students of theCamellia, traveling thousands of mileseach year to study, collect, andphotograph new and different varietiesof his favorite plant.

Marion will not admit to being ourbest Camellia photographer. He insiststhat Vonnie Cave, from New Zealand,is the world's best. Then, he willcontend, come Grady Perigren fromSan Marino, California, and BobMarcy, from San Jose, California. But,if you look to see who is presenting theslide program of the newest and bestCamellias at ACS meetings, theannual ACCS meeting in MyrtleBeach, and local meetings, invariablyMarion Edwards is doing a yeoman'sjob.

Marion began growing Camellias inRichmond, Virginia, over twenty-eightyears ago. He and his wife Deloresbought a house there in 1961 whenMarion was working with the SeaboardCoastline Railroad. In 1962 heattended a Camellia show where over1500 blooms were being displayed. Allwere from unprotected landscapeplants, so Marion decided to try hishand at growing them. He began tolook for Camellia plants, and he caughta terminal case of the fever.

First, Marion bought threesasanquas for his landscape. Then hesaw a Berenice Boddy in a show andmarveled at the perfect bloom. He was

RELEASE OF COLD-HARDY CAMELLIASby Dr. Bill Ackerman

Reports on Progress of a Cooperative Agreement withthe U. S. National Arboretum, Washington, D. C.

During the autumn of 1988 theNational Arboretum purchased aseries of camellia rootsocks. These Igrafted with scions of the following sixfall-blooming cultivars: Snow Flurry,Polar Ice, Winter's Rose, Winter's Chann,Winter's Hope, and Winter's Star. I alsografted a number of spring-bloominghybrids. The objective has been toestablish about 20 plants each of thesix fall-blooming cultivars as founda­tion material for eventual release bythe U.S. Department of Agriculture tothe nursery trade.

The above is in addition to therelease and distribution I have done onmy own to a series of eight primary­source nurseries. However, with theUSDA facilities that are involved, thesecamellias would receive much widerpublicity than I have been able toachieve independently. The main

Dr. Bill Ackerman hasbeen active in theCamellia breedingprogram at the USDAin Beltsville, Maryland,for over 20 years.

12

concern here is not to create a demandthat exceeds our capacity to supplyany interested nurserymen withsufficient plant material for them to doan adequate job of propagationthemselves. This is crucial for theultimate sale - in volume - to thepublic.

At the present time 20 plants havebeen obtained for each of five of thesix fall-blooming cultivars; for the sixthcultivar - Winter's Hope - only 10 ofthe 20 grafts survived. During the fallmore plants of this cultivar will begrafted, and we will hope for a bettersurvival rate this time. This shouldcomplete phase one of this program.

No final decision has been made onthe next step to be taken, but there areat least two alternatives. One is for themembers of the Arboretum's staff touse these grafted plants as a source

Camellia friends. Jim had to turn rightaround and drive back towardColumbia that night. Bill and Donnahad to deal with the water, heat,humidity, and mosquitos in theirhouse, but with electric power. JimPinkerton is to be commended.

There were many others in Camelliacircles who suffered from the hurricanethat night. It is reported that BuckMizell lost nearly all of his importantcotton crop. Geary Serpas had serioustree damage in Summerville (nearCharleston.) Latimer McClintock tellsme that half of all the trees in Charlotteare down. He and Gloria were withoutpower for several days.

Many others suffered even more. Iwas told that the huge CarolinaNursery in Monck's Corner, nearly 400acres in size, took a direct hit from thestorm and was in complete disarray.

Grace and JimPinkerton - FineCamellia Friends.(Photo by Shepherd)

17

The billion dollar timber industry inSouth Carolina is completelydevastated, as are most of theagricultural crops which were notharvested before Hugo.

The aftermath of Hugo is a horriblesight. It has affected all of us more thanwe know. Our hotel at Myrtle Beachhas lost its sea wall, swimming pool,and most of its driveway. This meansthat the end of the building must benearly in the surf at high tide. It isclosed until further notice. Our annualmeeting has been cancelled.

When you read this in January Ihope that the emergency needs of ourCamellia friends in South Carolina willhave been met. The region will still,however, be feeling the effects of thestorm. I hope that everyone will offerany help that they can, in the spirit ofJim Pinkerton.

13

Dr. Bill Ackerman is shown here studying new Camellia varieties from his breedingprogram in Maryland.

the meantime I continue to propagateadditional plants of these preliminaryselections so that we will have a headstart on any that may become a finalselection for naming and release.

Observations regarding other cold­hardy materials: The approximately2,000 camellia seedlings resultingfrom collections made in Korea byBarry Yinger and Sylvester March arepresently under field testing for theirwinter hardiness. Although they areshowing difference in vigor andsurvival capacity, this is due primarilyto weed competition and generalneglect rather than a response to coldweather. Unfortunately, a program thatwas begun with much enthusiasm nowappears to be more like an orphanedchild that nobody wants.

of scions for making rooted cuttings forlater distribution to nurseries. Thesecond is to arrange a contract withone or more wholesale nurserymen touse the grafted plants for propagationand distribution to the retail trade.

Insofar as my own plans areconcerned, I am still looking foranother test winter before I seriouslyconsider naming or releasing any ofthe spring-flowering C. oleifera x C.japonica or C. x Williamsii hybrids. Ibelieve that six or eight of these haveconsiderable merit on the basis of theirflower characteristics and their outdoorperformance thus far. It is just that theirreaction to another severe winterwould, hopefully, convince me that atleast several of these will stand up overthe long term of seasonal changes inthe Washington metropolitan area. In

Editor's Columnby Jim Darden

But, my greatest fears were thatfriends in Charleston were sufferingfrom the effects of the storm. I calledParker Connor's number the morningafter. The phone rang, so I assumedthat his magnificent plantation homeon Oak Island was still there. Noanswer came. I hoped that Parker andAmy had sought shelter inland. I waslater told that they had gone to Green­ville, and were safe. The home isintact, but there was serious damageto the ancient live oaks.

I tried to find out about Bill andDonna Shepherd, who live in the city.It was several days later when I finallygot through and talked to Donna. Shewas shaken, but thankful to have comethrough the ordeal without injury. Eightdays after the storm she was stillwithout electricity. Over a dozen hugepines had gone down in theShepherd's yard, one through the roofof their house. Heavy rains for the nextseveral days poured in, ruining muchinside. The big traffic circle just a fewdoors away on Montague Avenue hadover 300 large pines on the ground.

Donna and Bill tried to find anelectric generator in Charleston, thenSavannah, and then Jacksonville,Florida. None was to be found. Threedays after the storm they called JimPinkerton in Lugoff (near Columbia) tosee if one could be found there. Hehad purchased one when he lostelectricity, but it have just beenrestored. Knowing of the Shepherd'splight, Jim went directly to his car anddrove straight to Charleston. In twohours and forty minutes he drove the100+ miles under less than optimumconditions and arrived on theShepherd's front porch with generatorin hand.

Jim Pinkerton arrived just at dusk.For the first time in three days andnights there was electric light in thehouse. What a great testament to

16

As I write this column it is the firstweek of October, usually a jubilanttime of year for Camellia fanciers. Thebuds are swelling and extraordinaryCamellia shows are just around thecorner. Our annual ACCS meeting hasbeen planned for this coming weekendin Myrtle Beach, and then the seasonwill be upon us.

But wait!! Something is wrong thisyear. We have just had a visit from avery inhospitable character namedHugo, and suddenly many of ourhopes for the coming year have beendashed.

Hurricane Hugo scored a direct hiton the city of Charleston. It thenpassed near Columbia, and still was apotent storm as it smashed intoCharlotte. Foresters tell me that thereis a forty mile wide swath connectingall of the cities named above in whichover half of the forests are on theground and crops are ruined. I amconcerned for everyone who wasunfortunate enough to be in Hugo'spath, but my first thoughts were for myCamellia friends.

Here in southeastern North Carolinawe luckily dodged the bullet andsuffered only minimal wind damage.Not far south of us, at Holden Beachwhere my family normally spends aweek each summer, they are bull­dozing 330 beachfront homes, or whatis left of them, as I write this column.

MID-CAROLINA CAMELLIA SOCIETYNOTICE TO NURSERYMEN RELATIVE TO THE NAMING

AND RELEASE OF CAMELLIA HYBRID 'ACK-SCENT' February 11 & 12, 1989 Columbia, South Carolina

Lib ScottParker Connor

Lib ScottT. E. Powers

Parker ConnorJohn Newsome

Clara & Fred HahnJoe Austin

Clara & Fred HahnClara & Fred Hahn

Joe AustinClara & Fred Hahn

Parker Connor

Clara & Fred HahnAnn Hughey

Sarah Alice RuffinAnita

Elegans Champagne

DonckelariiBorom's Gem Var.

Betty Sheffield Blush SupremeLady VanSittart

TammiaFircone

Best Camellia Japonica In Open

Very Large-LargeRunner-upMedium-SmallRunner-upMiniatureRunner-up

C. Japonica: (Protected)Very Large-Large Mathotiana SupremeRunner-up Silver ChaliceMedium-Small Ville de NantesRunner-up Margaret Davis

C. Reticulata: (Includes hybrids with reticulata parentage.)Outside & Inside Protected Tony's JoyRunner-up Curtain Call

C. Hybrid: (With other than reticulata parentage.)Outside & Inside Protected Mona Jury Fred & Clara Hahn

Special Valentine Day Award - Ann & Mack McKinnonTray of 3 of a kind - Joe Austin

Tray of 5 different - John Newsome

UnprotectedBest White Bloom

ProtectedBest White BloomBest Bloom by Novice

GOLD CERTIFICATES:In open, won by Parker ConnorProtected, won by Joe Austin

SILVER CERTIFICATES:In open, won by Lib ScottProtected, won by Fred & Clara Hahn

OUTSTANDING ARRANGEMENT CERTIFICATESTri-Color Certificate, won by Octama PooleCreativity Certificate, won by Patsy Outlaw

BEST TRAY OF THREE OF A KINDJoe Austin

BEST TRAY OF FINE DIFFERENTJohn Newsome

The most outstanding characteristic of ACK-SCENT is its deep spicy fragrance,most of which is assumed to be inherited from the small flowered C. lutchuensis.The flowers of ACK-SCENT are full peony form, 18 petals, 16 petaloies with somerabbit ears, deep shell pink, yellow-orange anthers and creamy white filaments,4114 inches across and 2 inches deep. Plant is upright with medium growth rate.Leaves are dark glossy green, 5 inches long, and 2-3/4 inches wide. The new cultivaris spring blooming, mid-season with individual flowers holding well and droppingfrom plant at senescence.

By Dr. William L. Ackerman

Camellia ACK-SCENT (NA 40084) resulted from a seedling selection of a con­

trolled cross of C. japonica 'Kramer's Supreme' x C. hybrid 'Fragrant Pink' (P. I.315906) (C. rusticana (P. I. 228187) X C. lutchuensis (P. I. 226756)) made inNovember 1972 by Dr. W. L. Ackerman, National Arboretum, Washington, D. C.This new clone is a by-product of an intensive investigation of interspecific com­patibility within the genus Camellia and intergeneric compatibility of this genuswith other members of the family Theaceae.

The U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, herebyreleases for commercial use a cultivar of camellia named ACK-SCENT. The newcultivar is the product of interspecific hybridization combining significant fragrancewith a flower size and form comparable to existing commercial cultivars.

Agricultural Research ServiceUnites States Department of Agriculture

The Agriculture Research Services has none of these plants for sale. Scionsor cuttings will be available in 1982 to qualified nurserymen, arboreta and botanicalgardens. Requests should be made in writing to Dr. W. L. Ackerman, U. S.National Arboretum, Washington, D. C. 20002.

14 15

MID-CAROLINA CAMELLIA SOCIETYNOTICE TO NURSERYMEN RELATIVE TO THE NAMING

AND RELEASE OF CAMELLIA HYBRID 'ACK-SCENT' February 11 & 12, 1989 Columbia, South Carolina

Lib ScottParker Connor

Lib ScottT. E. Powers

Parker ConnorJohn Newsome

Clara & Fred HahnJoe Austin

Clara & Fred HahnClara & Fred Hahn

Joe AustinClara & Fred Hahn

Parker Connor

Clara & Fred HahnAnn Hughey

Sarah Alice RuffinAnita

Elegans Champagne

DonckelariiBorom's Gem Var.

Betty Sheffield Blush SupremeLady VanSittart

TammiaFircone

Best Camellia Japonica In Open

Very Large-LargeRunner-upMedium-SmallRunner-upMiniatureRunner-up

C. Japonica: (Protected)Very Large-Large Mathotiana SupremeRunner-up Silver ChaliceMedium-Small Ville de NantesRunner-up Margaret Davis

C. Reticulata: (Includes hybrids with reticulata parentage.)Outside & Inside Protected Tony's JoyRunner-up Curtain Call

C. Hybrid: (With other than reticulata parentage.)Outside & Inside Protected Mona Jury Fred & Clara Hahn

Special Valentine Day Award - Ann & Mack McKinnonTray of 3 of a kind - Joe Austin

Tray of 5 different - John Newsome

UnprotectedBest White Bloom

ProtectedBest White BloomBest Bloom by Novice

GOLD CERTIFICATES:In open, won by Parker ConnorProtected, won by Joe Austin

SILVER CERTIFICATES:In open, won by Lib ScottProtected, won by Fred & Clara Hahn

OUTSTANDING ARRANGEMENT CERTIFICATESTri-Color Certificate, won by Octama PooleCreativity Certificate, won by Patsy Outlaw

BEST TRAY OF THREE OF A KINDJoe Austin

BEST TRAY OF FINE DIFFERENTJohn Newsome

The most outstanding characteristic of ACK-SCENT is its deep spicy fragrance,most of which is assumed to be inherited from the small flowered C. lutchuensis.The flowers of ACK-SCENT are full peony form, 18 petals, 16 petaloies with somerabbit ears, deep shell pink, yellow-orange anthers and creamy white filaments,4114 inches across and 2 inches deep. Plant is upright with medium growth rate.Leaves are dark glossy green, 5 inches long, and 2-3/4 inches wide. The new cultivaris spring blooming, mid-season with individual flowers holding well and droppingfrom plant at senescence.

By Dr. William L. Ackerman

Camellia ACK-SCENT (NA 40084) resulted from a seedling selection of a con­

trolled cross of C. japonica 'Kramer's Supreme' x C. hybrid 'Fragrant Pink' (P. I.315906) (C. rusticana (P. I. 228187) X C. lutchuensis (P. I. 226756)) made inNovember 1972 by Dr. W. L. Ackerman, National Arboretum, Washington, D. C.This new clone is a by-product of an intensive investigation of interspecific com­patibility within the genus Camellia and intergeneric compatibility of this genuswith other members of the family Theaceae.

The U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, herebyreleases for commercial use a cultivar of camellia named ACK-SCENT. The newcultivar is the product of interspecific hybridization combining significant fragrancewith a flower size and form comparable to existing commercial cultivars.

Agricultural Research ServiceUnites States Department of Agriculture

The Agriculture Research Services has none of these plants for sale. Scionsor cuttings will be available in 1982 to qualified nurserymen, arboreta and botanicalgardens. Requests should be made in writing to Dr. W. L. Ackerman, U. S.National Arboretum, Washington, D. C. 20002.

14 15

13

Dr. Bill Ackerman is shown here studying new Camellia varieties from his breedingprogram in Maryland.

the meantime I continue to propagateadditional plants of these preliminaryselections so that we will have a headstart on any that may become a finalselection for naming and release.

Observations regarding other cold­hardy materials: The approximately2,000 camellia seedlings resultingfrom collections made in Korea byBarry Yinger and Sylvester March arepresently under field testing for theirwinter hardiness. Although they areshowing difference in vigor andsurvival capacity, this is due primarilyto weed competition and generalneglect rather than a response to coldweather. Unfortunately, a program thatwas begun with much enthusiasm nowappears to be more like an orphanedchild that nobody wants.

of scions for making rooted cuttings forlater distribution to nurseries. Thesecond is to arrange a contract withone or more wholesale nurserymen touse the grafted plants for propagationand distribution to the retail trade.

Insofar as my own plans areconcerned, I am still looking foranother test winter before I seriouslyconsider naming or releasing any ofthe spring-flowering C. oleifera x C.japonica or C. x Williamsii hybrids. Ibelieve that six or eight of these haveconsiderable merit on the basis of theirflower characteristics and their outdoorperformance thus far. It is just that theirreaction to another severe winterwould, hopefully, convince me that atleast several of these will stand up overthe long term of seasonal changes inthe Washington metropolitan area. In

Editor's Columnby Jim Darden

But, my greatest fears were thatfriends in Charleston were sufferingfrom the effects of the storm. I calledParker Connor's number the morningafter. The phone rang, so I assumedthat his magnificent plantation homeon Oak Island was still there. Noanswer came. I hoped that Parker andAmy had sought shelter inland. I waslater told that they had gone to Green­ville, and were safe. The home isintact, but there was serious damageto the ancient live oaks.

I tried to find out about Bill andDonna Shepherd, who live in the city.It was several days later when I finallygot through and talked to Donna. Shewas shaken, but thankful to have comethrough the ordeal without injury. Eightdays after the storm she was stillwithout electricity. Over a dozen hugepines had gone down in theShepherd's yard, one through the roofof their house. Heavy rains for the nextseveral days poured in, ruining muchinside. The big traffic circle just a fewdoors away on Montague Avenue hadover 300 large pines on the ground.

Donna and Bill tried to find anelectric generator in Charleston, thenSavannah, and then Jacksonville,Florida. None was to be found. Threedays after the storm they called JimPinkerton in Lugoff (near Columbia) tosee if one could be found there. Hehad purchased one when he lostelectricity, but it have just beenrestored. Knowing of the Shepherd'splight, Jim went directly to his car anddrove straight to Charleston. In twohours and forty minutes he drove the100+ miles under less than optimumconditions and arrived on theShepherd's front porch with generatorin hand.

Jim Pinkerton arrived just at dusk.For the first time in three days andnights there was electric light in thehouse. What a great testament to

16

As I write this column it is the firstweek of October, usually a jubilanttime of year for Camellia fanciers. Thebuds are swelling and extraordinaryCamellia shows are just around thecorner. Our annual ACCS meeting hasbeen planned for this coming weekendin Myrtle Beach, and then the seasonwill be upon us.

But wait!! Something is wrong thisyear. We have just had a visit from avery inhospitable character namedHugo, and suddenly many of ourhopes for the coming year have beendashed.

Hurricane Hugo scored a direct hiton the city of Charleston. It thenpassed near Columbia, and still was apotent storm as it smashed intoCharlotte. Foresters tell me that thereis a forty mile wide swath connectingall of the cities named above in whichover half of the forests are on theground and crops are ruined. I amconcerned for everyone who wasunfortunate enough to be in Hugo'spath, but my first thoughts were for myCamellia friends.

Here in southeastern North Carolinawe luckily dodged the bullet andsuffered only minimal wind damage.Not far south of us, at Holden Beachwhere my family normally spends aweek each summer, they are bull­dozing 330 beachfront homes, or whatis left of them, as I write this column.

RELEASE OF COLD-HARDY CAMELLIASby Dr. Bill Ackerman

Reports on Progress of a Cooperative Agreement withthe U. S. National Arboretum, Washington, D. C.

During the autumn of 1988 theNational Arboretum purchased aseries of camellia rootsocks. These Igrafted with scions of the following sixfall-blooming cultivars: Snow Flurry,Polar Ice, Winter's Rose, Winter's Chann,Winter's Hope, and Winter's Star. I alsografted a number of spring-bloominghybrids. The objective has been toestablish about 20 plants each of thesix fall-blooming cultivars as founda­tion material for eventual release bythe U.S. Department of Agriculture tothe nursery trade.

The above is in addition to therelease and distribution I have done onmy own to a series of eight primary­source nurseries. However, with theUSDA facilities that are involved, thesecamellias would receive much widerpublicity than I have been able toachieve independently. The main

Dr. Bill Ackerman hasbeen active in theCamellia breedingprogram at the USDAin Beltsville, Maryland,for over 20 years.

12

concern here is not to create a demandthat exceeds our capacity to supplyany interested nurserymen withsufficient plant material for them to doan adequate job of propagationthemselves. This is crucial for theultimate sale - in volume - to thepublic.

At the present time 20 plants havebeen obtained for each of five of thesix fall-blooming cultivars; for the sixthcultivar - Winter's Hope - only 10 ofthe 20 grafts survived. During the fallmore plants of this cultivar will begrafted, and we will hope for a bettersurvival rate this time. This shouldcomplete phase one of this program.

No final decision has been made onthe next step to be taken, but there areat least two alternatives. One is for themembers of the Arboretum's staff touse these grafted plants as a source

Camellia friends. Jim had to turn rightaround and drive back towardColumbia that night. Bill and Donnahad to deal with the water, heat,humidity, and mosquitos in theirhouse, but with electric power. JimPinkerton is to be commended.

There were many others in Camelliacircles who suffered from the hurricanethat night. It is reported that BuckMizell lost nearly all of his importantcotton crop. Geary Serpas had serioustree damage in Summerville (nearCharleston.) Latimer McClintock tellsme that half of all the trees in Charlotteare down. He and Gloria were withoutpower for several days.

Many others suffered even more. Iwas told that the huge CarolinaNursery in Monck's Corner, nearly 400acres in size, took a direct hit from thestorm and was in complete disarray.

Grace and JimPinkerton - FineCamellia Friends.(Photo by Shepherd)

17

The billion dollar timber industry inSouth Carolina is completelydevastated, as are most of theagricultural crops which were notharvested before Hugo.

The aftermath of Hugo is a horriblesight. It has affected all of us more thanwe know. Our hotel at Myrtle Beachhas lost its sea wall, swimming pool,and most of its driveway. This meansthat the end of the building must benearly in the surf at high tide. It isclosed until further notice. Our annualmeeting has been cancelled.

When you read this in January Ihope that the emergency needs of ourCamellia friends in South Carolina willhave been met. The region will still,however, be feeling the effects of thestorm. I hope that everyone will offerany help that they can, in the spirit ofJim Pinkerton.

Marion EdwardsCamellia Lover and Photographer

by Jim Darden

SweepstakesGold Sweepstakes in Open: Parker E. Connor, Jr.; Edisto Island, S. C.Silver Sweepstakes in Open: Mary & Tom Adams, Orangepark, Fla.Gold Sweepstakes Protected: Joe Austin, Four Oaks, N. C.Silver Sweepstakes Protected: Jim Pinkerton, Lugoff, S. C.Show Chairman: Rupert DrewsNumber of blooms: 1,532

Tomorrow Marbury's Light Pink

Harry O. ShawMt. Pleasant, S. C.

Mrs. William M. PolockCharleston, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.Mary & Tom Adams

Orangepark, Fla.Mary & Tom Adams

Orangepark, Fla.Julian Hayes

Mt. Pleasant, S. C.Albert V. Ewan

Charleston, S. C.Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.W. H. Rish

Winnsboro, S. C.W. H. Rish

Winnsboro, S. C.Clara & Fred Hahn

Charlotte, N. C.Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Jim PinkertonLugoff, S. C.

Ann & Mack McKinnonLugoff, S. C.

Ann & Mack McKinnonLugoff, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Show Time

Donckelarii

Granada

Jean Clere

Coronation

Julia

Katie, Var.

Arcadia

Helen Bower

Margaret Davis

Tomorrow, Var.

Tony's Joy, Var.

Elegans Supreme

Clark Hubbs, Var.

Lady Kay

Betty Sheffield Pink

11

Dawn's Early Light

Park Hill Tomorrow

Mathotiana Supreme

Runner Up Court

Court of Honor Protected

Runner Up Court

Marion Edwards with his prize-winningCamellias in Jacksonville, Florida.

hooked on japonicas and begancollecting them for his landscape.Even though Richmond is nowconsidered to be on the northern edgeof the Camellia range, Marioncollected and grew Camellias suc­cessfully for several years there. Afterfive years the railroad transferred himto Jacksonville, Florida, and Marion'sCamellia growing began in earnest.

In Florida Marion noticed that thecolors of certain varieties were notquite as dark in hue as they had beenih the cooler Virginia weather. Forexample, his Magnoliaeflora in Rich­mond had been a rich deep pink. But,in Florida the same variety bloomed

18

If you have attended Camellia showsin the southeast regularly you will nodoubt recognize the tall fellow fromJacksonville, Florida, who patrols theshows regularly with his trusty cameraover his shoulder. Marion Edwards iswell known in Camellia circles in theUnited States and around the world forhis knowledge of Camellias and hisprowess with the camera. He is one ofthis country's foremost students of theCamellia, traveling thousands of mileseach year to study, collect, andphotograph new and different varietiesof his favorite plant.

Marion will not admit to being ourbest Camellia photographer. He insiststhat Vonnie Cave, from New Zealand,is the world's best. Then, he willcontend, come Grady Perigren fromSan Marino, California, and BobMarcy, from San Jose, California. But,if you look to see who is presenting theslide program of the newest and bestCamellias at ACS meetings, theannual ACCS meeting in MyrtleBeach, and local meetings, invariablyMarion Edwards is doing a yeoman'sjob.

Marion began growing Camellias inRichmond, Virginia, over twenty-eightyears ago. He and his wife Deloresbought a house there in 1961 whenMarion was working with the SeaboardCoastline Railroad. In 1962 heattended a Camellia show where over1500 blooms were being displayed. Allwere from unprotected landscapeplants, so Marion decided to try hishand at growing them. He began tolook for Camellia plants, and he caughta terminal case of the fever.

First, Marion bought threesasanquas for his landscape. Then hesaw a Berenice Boddy in a show andmarveled at the perfect bloom. He was

39th ANNUAL CAMELLIA SHOWCOASTAL CAROLINA CAMELLIA SOCIETY

CITADEL MALL 1-28-89

10

show bloom is Miss Charleston, eithersolid red or variegated. He has wonmore show trophies with another of hisfavorites, Helen Bower Var.

I asked Marion what his favoritevarieties were in each color category.In whites he likes Charlie Bettes andSnowman. In red blooms his bestvarieties are Miss Charleston, WoodvilleRed, and a sport from Woodville Red thatis high on his list because it blooms inJuly. In pink Marion is partial to RenaSwick, Carter's Sunburst Pink, andShowtime. He is especially fond ofShowtime, which he can blow up to 7"in diameter by gibbing.

After Marion had been thoroughlysmitten by the Camellia bug heturned his attentions to show varieties.Reticulatas became one of hisspecialties, both for growing andphotographing. His favorite red reticsare Harold Paige and Dr. Clifford Parks.In pink he is proud of his Francie L.,Valley Knudsen, and Royalty. ValentinesDay is his favorite variegated retic.

Marion is excited about the varietyRachel Tarpy. Another which he isespecially high on is Delores Edwards,named for his pretty wife. This is oneof Hulyn Smith's seedlings fromAustralia or New Zealand. It is a pinkand white non-retic hybrid which cancome in peony, anemone, or semi­double forms. Its genealogy isunknown. Marion speaks highly ofseveral of the new Nuccio hybrids,including Trophy, Grand Marshal,Nuccio's Carrousel, and Dahlonega.

Marion's collection grew over theyears to the point that he had well over300 varieties growing in his yard by theearly 1980's. Then came the badweather. The cold winter of 1983killed over 50% of his plants. Thewinter of 1985, when temperaturesdipped nearly to zero, finished offmany more.

Marion offers several tips forwinterizing your Camellias. He hasfound that plants need to be wateredwell during cold weather. You can pull

19

Marion arrives at a Camelliameeting in Myrtle Beach.

pale pink to white. Even so, the warmsub-tropical climate of Florida allowedMarion to gather a vast collection ofthe finest Camellia varieties whichgrew faster than he ever imaginedpossible in Virginia.

As Marion's collection grew hequickly spotted several varieties whichwould become his favorites. Ville deNantes is his top variety. He loves therabbit ears, which are sometimes bothvariegated and fimbriated. His favorite

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

M. S. EdwardsJacksonville, Fla.

Walter BilbroCharleston, S. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Clara & Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

Mary & Tom AdamsOrangepark, Fla.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Mary & Tom AdamsOrangepark, Fla.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Rupert DrewsCharleston, S. C.

R. F. StubenrauchCharleston, S. C.

Wayne AltmanSummerville, S. C.

Parker E. Connor, Jr.Edisto Island, S. C.

Clara and Fred HahnCharlotte, N. C.

G. M. SerpasSummerville, S. C.

Albert V. EwanCharleston, S. C.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Fowler

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Mr. & Mrs. J. K. BlanchardWallace, N. C.

Mona Jury

Mona Jury

Snowie

Hulyn Smith

Emma Gaeta

Valley Knudsen

Pink Dahlia Sport

Moonlight Bay

Ville de NantesSea Foam

Class C: 1 Reticulata orReticulata HybridClass 0: 1 Hybrid(no reticulata)

Class E: 1 Miniature

Runner up Guilio Nuccio, Var.

Best Bloom Grown In Open: Clnrk Hubbs

Best Miss Charleston in Open

Best Miss Charleston Protected

Best Seedling

Best Hybrid in Open

Best Hybrid Protected

Best Reticulata in Open

Best Reticulata Protected

Best Bloom Grown UnderProtection: Elegans Supreme, Var.

Runner Up Elegans Champagne

Best White Bloom in Open Chow's Han-Ling

Best White Protected Ruffian

Best Novice Bloom Ville de Nantes

Best Miniature Botan-Yuki

Court of Honor in Open Betty Sheffield, Var.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.

Elizabeth BrownHilton Head, S. C.

Jack TeagueColumbia, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.Mrs. Ray Watson

Greensboro, N. C.

Parker ConnerEdisto Island, S. C.

Parker ConnerEdisto Island, S. C.

Joe AustinFour Oaks, N. C.Mrs. Ray Watson

Greensboro, N.C.Parker Conner

Edisto Island, S. C.Mr. & Mrs. Bill Howell

Wilmington, N. C.Betty Brown

Hilton Head Island, S. C.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert FowlerLumberton, N. C.

Mr. & Mrs. J. K. BlanchardWallace, N. C.

Tammia

Pharoah

FAYETTEVILLE

Best Japonica LargelVeryLarge Protected Helen Bower Var.

Best Japonica In Open Lady Kay

Runner Up Best JaponicaIn Open Helen Bower

Best Japonica MediumProtected Dawn's Early Light

Best ReticulatalHybridw/Reticulata Parentage Curtain Call

Best Japonica SmallProtected Little Susie

Best Hybrid (not reticulata) Charlean Var.

Best Collection 3 AlikeIn Open Rose Dawn

Best Collection 3 AlikeProtected

Sweepstakes In Open

Best Collection of 5Different Protected Our Kerry, Silver Chalice,

Delta Dawn, Harold Paige, Cameron CooperSweepstakes Protected

Best Miniature

Best Seedling

Marion recommends a potting soi Imade of 75% pine bark and 25% sand.He sometimes uses sandy loaminstead of sand in the mix, and he addsseveral amendments for their nutrientvalue. A trace element mix isessential for good growth, especiallymolybdenum to counter dieback. Heuses a time release fertilizer, such asOsmocote, for the major elements. Helimes his Camellias with dolomitic lime,which offers extra magnesium.

The fertilization program begins inFebruary (in Florida) with a 19-7-11slow release fertilizer along with traceelements and molybdenum. Then hecomes back in June with a lightapplication of 1/2 Mill Organite(activated sewage sludge) and 1/2cottonseed meal (6-0-1). Then inautumn he covers the surface of thesoil with another fertilizer concoction.This includes three parts Mill Organite,

Court of HonorClass A: 1 Japonica In Open Sea Foam Parker Conner

Edisto Island, S. C.Class A: 1 Japonica In Open Miss Charleston Mangery Wallace

FairmontClass B: 1 Japonica Large/Very Large Protected Ruffian Mr. & Mrs. Robert Fowler

Lumberton, N. C.Class B: 1 Japonica MediumProtected Nuccio's Gem Joe Austin

Four Oaks, N. C.Class B: 1 Japonica SmallProtected Pink Perfection Ray Bond

Raleigh, N. C.

20 9

them together (potted plants) to helpinsulate them, and then add agenerous layer of pine straw mulch. Hesays that his plants survive better ifplanted in a large pot. It seems that theextra layer of soil around the rootstends to insulate them and preventmuch of the cold damage that is oftenseen in plants of comparable size insmaller pots.

Marion Edward is a veritable foun­tain of Camellia knowledge, and hasan endless supply of good growing tipsfor beginners. First, he says that weshould never use city water. Rainwater or well water is better. He saysthat Geary Serpas has tested his citywater and found that it is very alkaline,with a pH of 8.8. Marion is envious ofIvan Mitchell, who lives in Melrose,Florida, on a spring fed lake. The waterquality is excellent and Ivan'sCamellias are spectacular.

Delores and MarionEdwards sit at thehead table in MyrtleBeach with Fred Hahnin 1988.(Photo by Shepherd)

have lasted to stretch and open show­ing some short yellow stamens. Plantgrowth is vigorous with unusual darkgreen foilage. An interesting localrelease.

Non-reticulata hybridsMany of these releases do not fare

so well in this environment. The follow­ing would be the hardiest in mygarden.NO.1: 'Rose Boquet '. A strong, vigorousplant, producing beautiful formal androse form double blooms.NO.2: 'Rose Parade'. Deep rose pinkformal double blooms, very reliableplant of 10 years, surviving very wellin a 15" plastic container.NO.3: 'Sunsong'. New Zealand bred, aseedling of 'Elegant Beauty'. Producesmany fine soft pink, large Formal dou­ble blooms. Very vigorous.NO.4: 'Tamzin Coull '. A large water lilyshaped formal double of deep pink col­our. Very attractive. Vigorous, willowygrowth.NO.5: 'Len Bray'. Australian bred.

Deep orchid pink formal double. Veryimpressive. Large bloom with manyrows of incurved petals.NO.6: 'Mona Jury '. Now 6 years old.Has settled to produce many attractivelarge peony form blooms.NO.7: 'Angel Wings '. A delicate white,shaded to pink, semi-double with highwavy petals. This one has always beenpopular as a show bloom.NO.8: 'E.G. Waterhouse, var. '. I preferthis one to the original solid colour.Very reliable and vigorous.

This covers my evaluation, as I seethem in my garden at the present time,under the somewhat harsh conditionsprevailing here. From information justreceived, a japonica seedling of 'ErinFarmer' X 'Bea Rogers' has recentlybeen registered in New Zealand byJohn Lesnie called 'Queen Diana '. It isa medium sized formal double, palepink shading to white inner petals. Theinformant states that it has exceptionalbeauty and is truly worth waiting for.It could be released later this year.

Marion's photograph of Joe Austin's winning bloom, Tomorrow, Marbury's LightPink, in Charleston, 1989, illustrates his expertise with the Camera.

(Photo by Edwards)

Pretty Camellia ladies at a Gulf Coast Camellia Society meeting in Mobile, Alabama- (L to R) Lawanda Brogden, Mildred Robertson, Jeanette Waltz, Clara Hahn,and Donna Shepherd. (Photo by Shepherd)

8

three parts cottonseed meal, one partblood meal (10-0-0), one part sulfate ofpotash (never muriate of potaSh), andone ounce of a trace element mix.

Having been to hundreds ofCamellia shows Marion is certainlyqualified to comment on the good andthe bad found therein. He is particular­ly complimentary of the shows inCharleston, Columbia, and Charlotte,saying that they are very well organiz­ed and run. Here is what he looksfor in a good show (a good objectivelesson for all of us who are involved

21

in putting on a show this year):1. You should be well organized, witheveryone knowing what to do.2. You should invite good judges,knowing for judging fairly andimpartially. 3. Clerks and runnersshould be educated in advance so thatthey know exactly what to do whenthings get rushed. 4. Double check tobe sure that all blooms that the judgeswant to send to the head table actual­ly make it there. 5. Blooms of the samevariety should always be groupedtogether. Marion had lost trophies

Marion Edwards, always at the ready with his photographic equipment, shows JimPinkerton the latest varieties of fine Camellias.

because of problems at shows in theselast two categories.

Marion Edwards is currentlyattending about ten shows a year. Heis rebuilding his collection, addingapproximately 60 new plants eachyear. Since 1985 he has collected over300 varieties, mostly japonicas. Hegrows all of his plants outside and incontainers under a shade house andpine trees. Since he has nogreenhouse he has only 25 retics andnon-retic hybrids.

Marion says that he is retired now,

having gotten pretty lazy when itcomes to a lot of things. He says thathe would just as soon put things offuntil tomorrow if he can. Don't believethat, especially if you are competingwith him in a Camellia show. Marionis a master grower, he knows everyoneassociated wifh Camellias, and he hascollected virtually all of the newest andfinest varieties in the world. Thefriendly Camellia photog fromJacksonville is an expert. I think youwill be seeing that in his photographs.

It may be noticed from the above,formal doubles dominate the selection.

.They appear to flourish better herethan in neighbouring states.

C. reticulata hybridsIn my opinion, there are far too many

new registrations of mostly look-alikeblooms. Many fail to remain fresh after24 hours from picking. The best of mycollection are those listed below.NO.1: 'Dr. Clifford Parks '. The bestbloom and plant is this variety. It is har­dy, reliable and vigorous. Always ashow winner.NO.2: 'Harold L. Paige '. Not as reliableas 'Dr. Clifford Parks', but can producequality blooms. Mine are deeper thanbright red as listed.No.3: 'Debut '. This one varies fromyear to year, possibly due to theweather conditions. Have had prizewinning blooms from the plant.NO.4: 'Singapore Sal'. Found this onerather hard to propagate, but worth try­ing. Has magnificent deep purplish red

flowers. Very impressive.NO.5: 'Cameron Cooper'. Have wonbest California raised. A vigorousgrower, with an unusual salmon shadeof pink. Worth having.NO.6: 'Glowing Embers '. New Zealandbred, has won many firsts with its ex­cellent bright red semi-double blooms.A vigorous grower.NO.7: 'Curtain Call'. Another winner.A very large deep rose pink with highwavy petals. Won three times in oneseason with this one.NO.8: 'Lady GLencora '. Another NewZealand bred variety. A very pale pinkof unusual tone. High wavy petals. Stilla young plant. Worth watching.NO.9: 'Elizabeth AstLes '. Australian bredby Edgar Sebire. The best I have fromhis nursery. Very large vivid pink,peony form.No. 10: 'Arthur Knight'. This one is stillunder evaluation. A white sometimesshowing a faint tinge of pink at the budcentre. Opens like a waterlily. A formaldouble medium sized bloom, some

Three fineCamelliagrowers ­Buck Mizzell,Howard Rish,and RupertDrews at aCamellia partyin Myrtle Beach.(Photo by Shepherd)

22 7

CAMELLIAS DOWN-UNDER CAMELLIA GRAFTING AT MONROVIA NURSERYBy Rick Wells

Monrovia Nursery CompanyP. O. Box Q

Azusa, California 91702

Jeff L. Blythman

My experience and knowledge ofcamellia culture on the Adelaide plainsin South Australia, give me thequalifications to evaluate camelliasgrowing in rather harsh conditionswhich exist in this area.

These are the conditions: Known asthe hottest and driest State ofAustralia, the rainfall rarely reachessufficient quantity to supply the needsof the country, so pumping isnecessary from the Murray river, some80 Km away. This water has a salinitycontent which is not all that good forcamellias and other acid loving plants.Rainwater tanks are a must underthese conditions.

It is not uncommon for temperaturesto reach 40 degrees C. sometimes fordays at a time. Shadecloth of 70% to80% is required for sun protection. Italso blocks out the severe hot north­erly winds. The winter months are noproblem. Temperature seldomreaches freezing point. It is advisableto grow camellias in containers usinga good potting mix which is slightlyacid. Direct ground planting wouldmean the removal of one cubic metreof heavy red clay and replacing it witha potting mix or soil from the hills area,for each camellia. Top soil on theplains is shallow and in some placesa hard limestone crust exists, whichmust be broken up and removed.

In recent years, I have reduced mycollection, keeping those that are re­liable, this giving them more breathingspace, air circulation which is veryimportant, and reducing die-back andinsect attack. So the camelliasmentioned here are the pick of thecrop, best in plant behaviour, andbloom performance and appearance.

C. japonicaNo.1: 'Ville de Nantes '. Heavilyvariegated, good form, reliable yearafter year. Itmust be sprayed regularly

6

South Australia

to ward off insects. A MUST.NO.2: 'Feathery Touch '. High ruffledpetals, always catches the judges eye.Extremely hard to propagate, but worththe effort. Keep trying.NO.3: 'Apollo 14'. Has small budswhich open to a medium sized perfect­ly shaped formal double bloom.NO.4: 'Desire '. A large formal double,different from the nomenclature bookdescription, as mine has a creamywhite centre to white, then edged deeppink. Vigorous grower.NO.5: 'Gee Homeyer'. Blooms late, justin time for the final show of the season.Brillant pink, veined red. An eyecatching formal double.No 6: 'Kathryn Funari '. One of my latereditions. It's more red than pink. Apleasing large formal, well worth aplace in any garden.NO.7: 'Chie Tarumoto '. A real eye cat­cher! Blush pink formal, vigorousgrower. Admired by all who see it. Pro­fuse bloomer.No.8: 'Nan Pickering '. A local registra­tion, pale pink, large formal doublewith willowy growth. Has the ap­pearance of a non-retic hybrid bloom.NO.9: 'Honey Glow'. White shading tocream to almost yellow centre. Anunusual bloom. Medium to large for­mal double. Very attractive.No. 10: 'Music City '. Brilliant pinkformal. A vigorous grower. In my opi­nion very under-rated. Perfect bloomsfor any show bench.No. 11: 'Dixie Knight Supreme '. A mustfor the lover of variegated blooms.Dark red, heavily moired white peonyform with high petals.No. 12: 'Tammia '. My best miniatureformal double, which I find is not thesame as 'Grace Albritton', which I alsohave. Differences occur in size andcolour of blooms. Growth habits alsovary.

Camellias are one of the major cropsat Monrovia Nursery. We prepare inthe neighborhood of 1,500,000camellia cuttings per year resulting inthe production of over 1,000,000 liners.Approximately 600,000 of these linersare used for the production of largercontainers while the rest are sold asliners. Of the 600,000 or so # 1 con­tainer plants produced each year, onlyabout 5,000 are grafted, (this is onlyabout 0.8%).

We graft camellias for one of threereasons. First some cultivars ('PinkPagoda' for example) are very poorrooters or grow poorly on their ownroots. Second, we can multiply newcultivars faster by utilizing both softercuttings and heavier scionwood fromthe plants where cutting wood islimited. Third, when we receive woodof the new cultivars from othernurseries or arboreta the wood is oftenunsuitable for cuttings, but bettersuited for scionwood.

Camellias require considerable careduring the grafting process. We havehad the best results utilizing the follow­ing procedure. For understock, we usestrong growing cultivars (usuallyDebutante) grown in # 1 containersand produced by cuttings. The caliperof the understock should be about V4in. diameter. To produce a plant ofsuitable size for understock it takes ap­proximately 21/2 years from the time ofmaking the cuttings. Understock ishand selected and must not be too low­branched; it should have a straightbase with little or no side branching for

23

the first 4 to 5 in. above the soil. Manytimes, the best understock are theplants which are a little too "leggy" tobe kept for growing on. Selecting themto be grafting understock makes gooduse of them.

Understock is brought into thegreenhouse during the middle ofDecember, about two weeks prior tografting. Because of winter rains, theunderstock usually comes into thehouse quite wet. It often takes twoweeks for the understock to dryenough to be suitable for grafting. Wehave found that if the soil is too wet,the plant will "bleed" heavily, whichwill interfere with callusing and con­tribute to disease problems at the graftunion.

The greenhouse environment is veryimportant. Camellias should be keptcool; heating is only provided if nighttemperatures fall below 40°F. Extrashade is provided by draping 55 %shadecloth inside the greenhouse overthe benches. Since the grafts arecovered with clear glass jars, this ex­tra shade is necessary to help preventheat build-up in jars.

Once the understock has dried to asuitable point, grafting begins. Justprior to grafting all understock issprayed with a 200 ppm Benlate spray.Since a cleft graft is used, the first stepis to cut off the understock at a heightof 21/2 to 3 in. above the soil with prun­ing shears. Next, a fresh cut is madeon the understock with a sharp graftingknife, removing a thin slice of woodand any damaged tissue resulting from

Monrovia Nursery in California - The blooming azaleas in the foreground are partof several hundred acres of fine plants in Azusa, California.

the pruning shears. The first cut on theunderstock should not be flat, rather itshould slope slightly to one side. Thena downward cut is made splitting theunderstock to a depth of about 1114 in.This cut is made so that it bisects theangle of the first cut. In this way, oneside of the vertical cut is through thehigh point of the understock. Theunderstock is now ready for the scion.

Scionwood is collected from # 1,# 5, and # 7 containers from last year'swood, although older wood may beused if necessary. Tips, seconds, andthirds are suitable. Scions are 3 to 3112in. in length, containing 3 or 4 buds;shorter scions with only two buds mayalso be used if wood is in very shortsupply. Each scion should have two

24

leaves (with the end '/3 of the leafremoved). All other lower leaves areremoved. Scions are washed in 200ppm Physan, dipped in 200 ppmBenlate and stored in plastic bags at400F until needed. Camellia woodstores well and may be good for threeweeks if stored in this manner.

The two cuts on the scion are 1 to1% in. long. They should begin justbelow and on either side of one of thebottom buds, usually the second orthird bud from the top. The bark leftbetween the cuts should be slightlywider on the side below this bottombud. Thus the scion base is slightlywedge-shaped. The very thin wood atthe base of the scion should be re­moved since it is most susceptible todrying and desiccation.

This is what I have learned from HUGO:1. Patience2. It's got to get better3. After four days you get tired of chicken noodle soup and vienna sausage

sandwiches.4. Folded peanut butter sandwiches are the best frustration helpers.5. You can do without electricity better than you can do without water.6. A bathtub full of water will only flush a john six times.7. More patience8. A complete rubdown with mosquito repellant at night before sleeping

on top of the sheets won't break you out in a rash, neither will itdiscourage mosquitoes.

9. A pine that came down first into the attic was 119 years old, the nexttwo were 102 and 88, respectively. Age doesn't qualify in proportionto damages. (Ask any mother of a three year old).

10. Camellia friends are really the best. I felt God's love and presencethrough their care and concern for us. They're not only the best offriends, but they're the greatest!

Donna Shepherd

On a much brighternote, Leslie Serpasand Parker Connorenjoy the Mid-CarolinaCamellia Show at theSouth Carolina StateFair in Columbia onOctober 21. Parker wasthe top winner in theshow.(Photo by Shepherd)

5

25

Monrovia in Oregon - The Monrovia operation in Dayton, Oregon, producesmillions of high quality plants.

a critical time to watch for jar removal.At the first sign of bud unfolding, thejar should be tipped to provide someair circulation and start the hardening­off process for the graft. The jar maybe completely removed two or threedays after tilting. If leaves are allowedto unfold in untilted jars, the new scionwill usually wilt badly and sometimeseven die when the jar is removed. Lighthand misting may be necessary onwarm days to prevent wilting. Two tothree weeks after jar removal, theplants may be taken outside andplaced in a shade house where theyagain may require hand misting onwarm days for awhile.

By the following spring, one yearlater, the grafted plants are ready forshifting to larger containers.

This method has worked well for usfor many years. The most importantthings to remember are to keep thegrafts dark, cool and dry, and to besure to remove the jars before leavesunfold.

• ..>. ",'

Once the scion is prepared, it isplaced in the understock so that thebottom bud faces out and is placed atthe top of the sloping cut of theunderstock. Care should be taken tomatch the cambial areas of the scionand understock. Pulling the scion upso that 114 in. of the cut can be seenabove the understock often simplifiesthe matching process as well asproviding a good visual area to checkcallus formation. The graft is thenwrapped with a 114 X 4 in. grafting rub­ber; no sealing is required. Lastly theentire graft is sprayed with a 200 ppmBenlate spray.

Wide mouth quart jars are used tocover each grafted plant. They provideeach plant with its own minigreenhouse environment where aclean, high humidity condition can bemaintained. Jars are washed anddipped in Physan prior to use.

By the third week after grafting,good callus formation can be seen; bythe fourth week the buds on the scionsbegin to elongate and unfold. This is

4

Ah, but it is an experience to live through. In the midst of all these circumstancescamellia friends called to see what they could do for us.

1. Jim Pinkerton drove all the way from Lugoff and returned in the dark,just to bring us a much needed generator. He also brought a fivegallon can full of gas.

2. Annabelle Fetterman, and Molly and Kyle, drove a four hour trip downfrom Clinton, to bring ice, water, fruit, food. They cooked a deliciousmeal on the grill and served it before heading the long way backhome.

3. Marion Edwards wanted to bring Tom Adams up from Jacksonville tocut the trees out of the house and install temporary roofing. Later weused cranes.

4. We received many calls and letters from all over the States offeringto come and help.

5. Gladys and Jim Pinkerton got together thirty of their camellia friendswho were manhandled by HUGO. They swapped tales of wind, rain,tornadoes, damages, as they enjoyed camellia fellowship and the"best BBQ in Williamsburg county". Getting together was a moralebooster. It gave us the lift in spirits that we needed.

This pine tree wentcompletely throughthe roof of Bill andDonna's home. Mostof their Camelliasare crushed.(Photo by Shepherd)

SHOOT PRUNING AT TRANSPLANT TIMEIS IT BENEFICIAL?

By Rita L. HummelWashington State University

Cooperative Extension Service

Pruning out various portions of theshoot at transplant time to compensatefor roots lost in digging is a longstand­ing horticultural practice. The practicearises from what seems to be a logicalassumption: the smaller root system ofthe newly planted tree or shrub can nolonger take up adequate water tosupply the top, thus shoot pruningbecomes necessary.

Some recent research studies havecast doubt on the effectiveness ofpruning at transplant time. Does itactually improve the growth andestablishment of landscape plants?Shoot pruning Japanese holly plantsthat were moved from 2-inch liner potsinto containers 6 inches in diameter by12 inches deep, increased the numberof new shoots, but suppressed rootgrowth over a two month period whencompared to nonpruned plants. Lateralroot formation was inhibited in pistaciaseedlings that were disbudded ortreated with bud-inhibiting chemicals.Comparing the importance of budsand shoots in root regeneration of twooaks produced contrasting results:buds and shoots promoted rootregeneration in pin oak, and easilytransplanted species, but had nopromotive effect on the early stages ofroot regeneration in scarlet oak, adifficult species to transplant. In silvermaple, a growing bud was required toinitiate spring root growth; removing itdelayed root growth. Pruning studiesof container-grown apple trees, again,demonstrated that shoot pruningstimulated shoot growth and inhibitedroot growth.

26

In field transplant studies with 12bare root tree species, Oklahomaresearchers removed 0, 15, 30 or 45percent of the plant height before thespring growth flush. The pruningtreatments had no effect on thesurvival of any species. Based onthese results, they recommended thatonly corrective pruning be done attransplant, because excessive pruningreduced visual quality, increasedsuckers on some species and did notaid in establishment or survival.

Pruning at transplant time can alsohave a profound effect on tree form. Insome species, severe pruning tends topromote basal suckering, thusdestroying the natural form of thespecies. When evaluating the potentialeffect of pruning, consider the tree'snatural branching pattern. Theextremes of tree form are the excurrentform, where a single leader outgrowsthe lateral branches beneath andproduces a cone-shaped crown, andthe decurrent form, where the lateralbranches grow nearly as fast or fasterthan the terminal and produce aspreading, rounded crown.

The type of pruning cut used attransplant has considerable influenceon the growth response of plants, aswell. There are two types of pruningcuts, thinning and heading. Whentrees are headed (cutting a youngshoot back to a bud or an older branchback to a stub) a number of shoots areoften produced just below the cut.These shoots usually grow in an up­right, vigorous fashion and compete toreplace the leader which has been lost.

What I Have Learned From HUGOby Donna Shepherd, Charleston, S. C.

We ofttimes repeat out loud to each other. "Camellia friends are the best!" Camelliafriends are a joyous group who appreciate each other. I want to express my specialthanks for such friends.

We couldn't have gotten through the devastation of HUGO ­house completely covered in fallen trees;trees dropping in uninvited into our attic and walls;water leaking through ceilings and light fixtures;sodden rugs;sweeping water out of the kitchen and breakfast porch;the smell of mildew on hot, sticky mosquito filled nights;the smell of kerosene lamps;cooking on a grill on the front porch under a leaking roof while batting

at super-size mosquitoes;standing in a long line, in the rain, for ice or water, and when it's your

turn for service only to be told they're all out;being without water for 4 days;

being without power for 15 days;being without drtnking water for 14 days (it smelled awful and tasted

worse). We're still on bottled water, we just can't seem to get weaned;tossing out cartons of spoiled shelled, cleaned shrimp, crab, and other

good things to eat;cleaning out a molded refrigerator;

This is Bill and Donna's house after HUGO! The power is out, and nearly all ofthe huge pine trees are down. (Photo by Shepherd)

3

Dr. Luther Baxter, right, talks with Tom Adams about diseases associated withCamellias. Dr. Baxter, from Clemson University, was the featured speaker at theOctober, 1988 A.C.C.S. meeting in Myrtle Beach. Tom is a member of the CamelliaSociety of Northeast Florida in Jacksonville. (Photo by Jim Darden)

Greetings!

Isn't modern-day science fantasticin that it can warn of impendingdisaster such as Hugo! It's wonder­ful that our members all survived.Those of you with damage - largeor small - our hearts are with youas you rebuild. We send a specialgood wish to "our motel" - the In­dependent Holiday Inn at MyrtleBeach. They hope to be able toreopen in April of 1990.

Until you hear otherwise - fromother sources - circle October 5thand 6th, 1990 for our next con­vention. We'll be in touch with themotel regarding rates and dates. Inmy way of thinking, we'll just pick upwhere we left off - and celebrate our10th Anniversary Convention nextyear. And get ready to buy chanceson two camellia paintings! BlessSadie Lyon's heart, she had one allready and named and ready to go.

I continue to be very impressedwith the stories I hear - of howvarious of our members helped eachother. The Shepherds in North

A MESSAGE

FROM OUR

PRESIDENT

BUDDY CAWTHON

ATLANTA, GEORGIA

Charleston, S. C., were badly dam­aged but nobly assisted. Many, manycalls were made to check on folkssafety and to offer assistance.

I'm sure those of you who madeit to the ACS Meeting in Natches didlots of catching up and swapping ofstories. Whoever thought in-landCharlotte, N. C. would ever be thevictim of a hurricane.

Here's hoping your fall shows havebeen good ones - and that the com­ing winter shows will be better.Please - promote ACCS at yourshows. Remember, a large enoughmembership means more colorcovers for our fine ACCS publication.If you'll all get two new members,we'll have it made.

Good growing - good showing ­in good health.

~cJ-dfJBuddy Cawthon

"

In trees with a decurrent growth habit,a number of branches arising near thesame point is aesthetically undesirableand structurally unsound. The tree'susefulness from a landscape andsafety standpoint may be impaired,unless one shoot becomes dominantand replaces the leader. In contrast toheading, the other pruning cut,thinning (removing a lateral branch atits point of origin or shortening the

main trunk by cutting to a lateral largeenough to develop into the main trunk)produces a more evenly distributedgrowth response in the plant. Thinnedplants become more open, but retaintheir natural form.

Reprinted courtesy of the N. C. Associa­tion of Nurserymen's Journal, "NurseryNotes. "

2 27

AN INVITATION TO JOIN

We hope that you will join the Atlantic Coast Camellia Society. Let's enjoyCamellias together.

The Atlantic Coast Camellia Society was organized September 13, 1980 at MyrtleBeach, South Carolina. The purpose of our organization is to extend the apprecia­tion of Camellias and to promote the science of Camellia culture. Through ourCamellia shows and programs, and by exchanging knowledge and ideas with theCamellia specialists within our membership, we feel that everyone in the ACCSbenefits from being a member of this organization. Whether you are a beginningCamellia fancier or a veteran Camellia competitor, the ACCS is dedicated to pro­viding information, shows, and social events that you will find helpful, entertain­ing, and enjoyable.

Annual dues for membership in the ACCS are $10.00 for singles or couples.The membership year runs from September to September. A membership entitlesyou to three issues of Atlantic Coast Camellias, the journal of the Atlantic CoastCamellia Society. These are issued January 1 (spring), May 1 (summer), andSeptember 1 (fall). In addition, your membership provides an invitation to our an­nual meeting in October in Myrtle Beach, S. C. This event has been especiallysuccessful in recent years, with over 100 participants in 1986, and with suchkeynote speakers as Julius Nuccio and Sergio Bracchi.

A variety of Camellia topics are addressed in articles published in Atlantic CoastCamellias. In addition to regular features concerning Camellia culture in the land­scape and in the greenhouse, articles cover such topics as Camellia planting, graft­ing, rooting, judging, pruning, gibbing, disease control, insect control, new andold varieties, show preparations and results, liming, fertilization, spraying, mulching,disbudding, and nursery production. Numerous photographs and illustrations areprovided.

We invite you to join, and welcome you as a member. Please make your checkpayable to the Atlantic Coast Camellia Society. Fill out the convenient applicationblank below, and mail it to: Atlantic Coast Camellia Society

1325 East Barden RoadCharlotte, N. C. 28226

NAME _

IN THIS ISSUEPage

Message From The President 2by Buddy Cawthon, Atlanta, Ga.

What I Have Learned From Hugo 3by Donna Shepherd, Charleston, South Carolina

Camellias Down Under 6by Jeff L. Blythman, South Australia

Fayetteville Show Results 9Fayetteville Camellia Club

Coastal Carolina Show Results 10Charleston, South Carolina

Release of Cold-Hardy Camellias 12by Dr. Bill Ackerman, Washington, D. C.

Information on the Release of "Ack-Scent" 14by Dr. Bill Ackerman, Washington, D. C.

Mid-Carolina Show Results 15Columbia, South Carolina

Editor's Column 16by Jim Darden, Clinton, North Carolina

Marion Edwards - Camellia Lover and Photographer 18by Jim Darden, Clinton, North Carolina

Camellia Grafting at Monrovia Nursery 23by Rick Wells, Azusa, California

STREET ADDRESS

CITY ___________ STATE ZIP _

Shoot Pruning - Is It Beneficial 26by Rita L. Hummel, Washington State University

An Invitation To Join 28PHONE ---l.__L.- _

o Check if you want a membership card.28

Tips for Water Wise Garden Back CoverCalifornia Association of Nurserymen

ATLANTIC COAST CAMELLIA SOCIETY

OFFICERS

PRESIDENT Leslie P. Cawthon, Jr.2405 Howell Mill Road, NW

Atlanta, Georgia 30318(404) 355-4478

1st VICE PRESIDENT Marion Edwards5603 Darlow Avenue

Jacksonville, Florida 32211(904) 744-2690

2nd VICE PRESIDENT Fred G. Hahn, Jr.4437 McKee Road

Charlotte, North Carolina 28105(704) 846-2245

SECRETARY & TREASURER J. L. McClintock, Jr.1325 E. Barden Road

Charlotte, North Carolina 28226(704) 366-0207

HISTORIANS Mr. and Mrs. W. 1. Shepherd4724 Park Place E.

North Charleston, South Carolina 29406(803) 744-4841

EDITOR Jim DardenRoute 6, Box 504

Clinton, North Carolina 28328(919) 592-3725

*****************************************************

COVER GRAPHIC*****************************************************

Our cover Camellia is BOB HOPE. This extraordinary large Camellia bloom is such adeep red hue that the SCCS Camellia Nomenclature book describes it as "BlackRed." The bloom is semi-double, and has irregular petals. The plant is slow growing,and is compact in habit. BOB HOPE was introduced by Nuccio's Nursery in 1972.

Tips for a Water Wise garden

1. Water infrequently, deeply and thoroughly. This will encourage rootingand greater tolerance to dry spells.

2. Mulch soil surface. Mulching cuts down on water loss due to evaporation.A two inch layer of mulch or compost is recommended. Apply mulches toshrubs, trees, annuals, vegetable gardens and even containers.

3. Shelter container plants. Move containers to shade areas to keep them fromdrying quickly in hot windy areas.

4. Use "Water Wise" plants. Plants rated "water wise" need less water tosurvive. Find out which plants (once well established) can get along with lesswater. Ask your California Certified Nurserymen which plants work well withlimited watering.

5. Install a drip or other water conservation irrigation system. Slow drip anddeep root watering systems can save up to 60 % of all water used in gardencare.

6. Use correct watering techniques. Water early in the day especially as theweather warms to reduce evaporation loss. Water less often for longer lengthof time to encourage deep root growth.

7. Proper soil penetration. Spike or aerate lawns to insure maximum waterpenetration. Or use soil penetration chemicals.

8. Don't be a gutter flooder. Turn off lawn sprinklers before water is wastedas run-off into gutters and streets. Be sure your irrigation system is in properworking condition.

9. Properly condition and fertilize your soil. Water does not easily penetrateclay soils and water passes too quickly beyond the root zone of plants insandy soil. Adding organic matter to clay and sandy soils will increase thepenetrability of clay soils and the water holding capaciaty of sandy soils. Fer­tilize in moderation using a complete, balanced formula.

10. Cut lawns to proper height. Gradually let lawns reach a height of 3-4inches. Longer blades of grass can mean going 3 to 4 days longer betweenwaterings.

11. Discourage water competition from weeds. Keep them pulled and/or useherbicides to control weed growth or mulch to keep them from growing.

12. Plant in groups. Group together plants having similar water requirements(Ferns-Azaleas), (Willows-Alders).

Being "Water Wise" not only conserves water but actually helps you achievea healthier garden. And it can be colorful too!

A message from the California Association of Nurserymen that can apply to anyone.A wet spring can easily be followed by a dry summer.

JOURNAL OF THE ATLANTIC COAST CAMELLIA SOCIETY

Atlantic Coast Camellias

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•Vol. XXXVII SPRING, 1990 No.1