Atlantic Veterinary College - SJDAWC 2016 Annual Reportawc.upei.ca/files/2017/04/SJDAWC_AR_2016.pdf · 2019. 11. 6. · (SJDAWC) at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of

SIR JAMES DUNN ANIMAL WELFARE CENTRE at the Atlantic Veterinary College

PROMOTING ANIMAL WELFARE THROUGH RESEARCH, SERVICE, AND EDUCATION

AtlAntic VeterinAry collegeUniVersity of Prince edwArd islAnd550 UniVersity AVenUechArlottetown, Pei, cAnAdA c1A 4P3

upei.ca/awc

2016 Annual ReportSJDAWC

people . excellence . impact

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Table of ConTenTs Page

1 InTroduCTIon III

2 2016 sJdaWC annual rePorT 1

3 furTHer InforMaTIon on KeY InITIaTIVes 5

4 ProJeCTs CoMPleTed 20164.1 Comparing culture methods for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) 10

from unhealthy dogs 4.2 Evaluation of a palpation phantom to reduce the use of live cows for the instruction of bovine 10

transrectal palpation 4.3 Clinical wildlife care at AVC (2015–16) 114.4 Health management services for Handibear Hills Equine Sanctuary, Inc. (2014–16) 124.5 Health management services for PEI Equine Retirement Society, Inc. (2014–16) 134.6 Medical and surgical care of homeless animals (2014–16) 134.7 Pegasus feral cat neuter program (2016) 134.8 Pegasus Helping Hand Fund (2015–16) 14

5 ongoIng ProJeCTs 5.1 Care of the dairy calf: Investigation into the welfare and health of calves in the Maritime 15

provinces of Canada 5.2 Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare 15

and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya–Phase 2 5.3 Achieving meaningful improvements in dairy cow welfare by reducing lameness: 15

Evaluating the effectiveness of herd performance benchmarking and integrated, web-based risk management

5.4 Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare 15and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

5.5 Identification of risk factors during broiler transportation that influence injury and mortality 155.6 Youth training to improve cow and animal welfare in Kenya and Canada 155.7 Financial aid for spay or neuter of companion animals of owners on fixed income (2016–18) 155.8 AVC humane dog training program (2015–17) 155.9 Introduction of positive reinforcement theory and techniques to promote humane handling 15

of equine patients in the AVC Large Animal Hospital (2014–17)

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Table of ConTenTs cont’d Page

5.10 Clinical wildlife care at AVC (2016–18) 155.11 Neutering feral cats on PEI (2014–17) 155.12 Medical and surgical care of homeless animals (2016–18) 155.13 Pegasus feral cat neuter program (2017) 155.13 Health management services for PEI Equine Retirement Society, Inc. (2014–16) 155.14 Pegasus Helping Hand Fund (2007–….) 15

aPPendICes I Comparison of the budget from the Proposal to the Sir James Dunn Foundation for 16

Continued Support for the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre: 2015–20, with expenditures of the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre 2015–16

II Christofor Award account update 20III Christofor Horse Care account update 21IV Projects funded 1994–2016 22V Undergraduate veterinary student initiatives through the SJDAWC 29VI Items of interest

VI.I Animal Welfare in Practice 2016: Sheep Welfare (poster) 31VI.II Investigation of colostrum management for dairy calves in the Maritimes (poster) 32VI.III Are your calves hungry? Milk feeding management in Maritime dairy herds (poster) 33


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1 InTroduCTIon

The Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre (SJDAWC) at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, is pleased to present the 2016 Annual Report to the trustees of the Christofor and Sir James Dunn Foundations.

Section 2, “SJDAWC 2016 Annual Report,” summarizes the annual initiatives and accomplishments of the Centre in a condensed document for posting on the SJDAWC website and distribution to existing and potential stakeholders. Publications and presentations from 2016 are included in this section.

Additional information on key initiatives from 2016 is provided in Section 3. Final reports for projects completed in 2016 can be found in Section 4, while ongoing projects are listed in Section 5. The 2017 Interim Report will contain information about the projects funded through the 2017 competition.

Appendix I contains information for the 2015–16 fiscal year on the Centre’s expenditures and other

sources of funding. Appendices II and III provide updates on the Christofor Award and the Christofor Horse Care accounts, respectively. Appendices IV to VI provide a list of projects to date, a summary of student initiatives through the SJDAWC, and additional items of interest.

We are very grateful to the Sir James Dunn Foundation and the Christofor Foundation for the long-term support that enables us to enhance the welfare of animals in Atlantic Canada and beyond. The SJDAWC also extends appreciation to the Pegasus Family Foundation for its ongoing support of the Pegasus feral cat neuter program and Pegasus Helping Hand Fund, to AVC Classes of 2011 and 2001 for their generous support of the Pegasus Helping Hand Fund, to Mr. Glenn Loranger and the late Mr. David Madren and Ms. Kay Alexandor for their financial support, to pet owners and veterinary hospitals who have made donations in memoriam, and to the many generous sponsors of the Chinook Project. (Please see Appendix I, D, for more detail

1 . . . . . . . . . . 2016 ANNUAL REPORT SiR JAmES DUNN ANimAL WELfARE CENTRE . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 sJdaWC 2016 annual rePorT Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island

MandaTeThe Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre exists to promote animal welfare by generating and disseminating impartial and scientifically based knowledge and understanding of animal welfare issues.

The Centre facilitates, focuses, and coordinates academic and research resources at the Atlantic Veterinary College to carry out animal welfare research and education, and to provide information and advice to industry, government, organizations, and the public.

sTruCTureThe SJDAWC is governed by a Management Board that reports to the Dean of the Atlantic Veterinary College.

ManageMenT board » Chair—Dr. Larry hammeLL, Interim Dean, UPEI

School of Graduate Studies; Associate Dean, AVC Graduate Studies and Research

» Dr. miChaeL CoCkram, Chair in Animal Welfare (ex-officio)

» Dr. aLiCe Crook, Coordinator, SJDAWC (ex-officio) » ms. anna maCDonaLD, AVC External Relations Officer

(ex-officio)

deParTMenTal rePresenTaTIVes » Dr. Luis Bate, Department of Biomedical Sciences » Dr. Dan hurnik, Department of Health Management » Dr. hans GeLens, Department of Companion Animals » Dr. anne muCkLe, Department of Pathology and

Microbiology » Dr. Jim GoLtz, Manager, Veterinary Laboratory and

Pathology Services, New Brunswick Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries; external representative to Management Board

sJdaWC aCTIVITIes In 2016

AVC Winter Webinar Series (February/March)Euthanasia Decision Making and End-of-Life Care; with Dr. Caroline Hewson, inaugural AVC Research Chair in Animal Welfare, now in the UK providing evidence-based training on welfare-friendly patient care, including end-of-life care.

12th annual Animal Welfare in Practice conference: Sheep Welfare (September)Co-hosted with the AVC Animal Welfare Club and Small Ruminants Club, the conference focused on improving sheep welfare by putting into action the 2013 NFACC Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Sheep. Speakers were Dr. Paula Menzies, Professor in the Department of Population Medicine at the University of Guelph and member of the Ruminant Health Management Group; Dr. Michael Cockram, AVC Chair in Animal Welfare; and Mr. Andrew Hebda, President, Purebred Sheep Breeders Association of Nova Scotia.

Speakers’ presentations may be found at upei.ca/sheepwelfare.

granTs aWarded The SJDAWC, through an annual competition, provides funding for service and research projects.

serVICe Service grants 2016FoLey P. Financial aid for spay or neuter of companion animals of owners on fixed income (2016–18)

moak P, FoLey P, maCDonaLD r, Gunn mCQuiLLan

h, maCLean m. Medical and surgical care of homeless animals (2016–18)

sPears J, Daoust P-y, GeLens h. Clinical wildlife care at AVC (2016–18)

VanLeeuwen J, riCharDs s. Youth training to improve cow and animal welfare in Kenya and Canada

http://www.nfacc.ca/codes-of-practice/sheep


http://upei.ca/sheepwelfare



Ongoing service projectsCarey am, maCLean r. AVC humane dog training program (with PEI Humane Society)

Crook a, LinG k, Gunn mCQuiLLan h. Pegasus feral cat neuter program

Crook a, Gunn mCQuiLLan h. Pegasus helping hand fund

DuCkett w, ConBoy G. Health management services for Handibear Hills Equine Sanctuary, Inc.

DuCkett w, ConBoy G. Health management services for PEI Equine Retirement Society, Inc.

FoLey P. Feral cat neutering program (with PEI Cat Action Team)

hoPson m, miLLer L. Chinook Project (funded independently since 2011)

mCDuFFee L. Introduction of positive reinforcement theory and techniques to promote humane handling of equine patients at the AVC’s Large Animal Hospital

Please visit awc.upei.ca/Service_projects for more information about these and other service projects.

researCH Research grants 2016 heiDer L, Cameron m, sanChez J, mCCLure J. Care of the dairy calf: Investigation into the welfare and health of calves in the Maritime provinces of Canada

VanLeeuwen J, mCkenna s, riCharDs s, Gitau G. Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya—Phase 2

On-going research projectsCoCkram ms, reVie Cw. Identification of risk factors during broiler transportation that influence injury and mortality

keeFe G, Cameron m, CoCkram m, mCkenna s,

sanChez J. Achieving meaningful improvements in dairy cow welfare by reducing lameness: Evaluating the

effectiveness of herd performance benchmarking and integrated, web-based risk management

VanLeeuwen J, mCkenna s, Gitau G, aLeri J. Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

Graduate students funded or partially funded bythe SJDAWCDegrees awarded niamh CaFFrey. PhD thesis title: Transportation of animals for slaughter in Canada: Welfare issues and regulatory control

matthew saaB. MSc thesis title: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Atlantic Canada: Epidemiology and culture methods

Current studentsFréDériC ChatiGny. Assessing the efficacy of lidocaine used as an analgesic on rainbow trout

emiLy kathamBi kiuGu. Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya—Phase 2

shauna riCharDs. Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

meGan roBertson. Achieving meaningful improvements in dairy cow welfare by reducing lameness: Evaluating the effectiveness of herd performance benchmarking and integrated, web-based risk management

Jamye rouette. Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in a population of Standardbred racehorses on PEI

Summer students (AVC Summer Research and Leadership Program)miCheLLe roy. Investigation of colostrum management for dairy calves in the Maritimes

Briar sPinney. Are your calves hungry? Milk feeding management in Maritime dairy herds

http://awc.upei.ca/Service_projects


PublICaTIons BartoLomé e, CoCkram ms. 2016. Potential effects of stress on the performance of sport horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 40: 84-93.

De PassiLLe am, CoCkram ms, haLey D, roDas-GonzaLez

a, BorDeras F, wynanDs r. 2016. Veal Cattle Code of Practice Scientific Committee: Review of Scientific Research on Priority Issues. National Farm Animal Care Council. nfacc.ca/resources/codes-of-practice/veal-cattle/veal_cattle_SCreport_2016.pdf

GarDe e, Pérez G, VanDerstiCheL r, DaLLa ViLLa

PF, serPeLL Ja. 2016. Effects of surgical and chemical sterilization on the behavior of free-roaming male dogs in Puerto Natales, Chile. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 123:106-120.

saaB m. 2016. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Atlantic Canada: Epidemiology and culture methods. UPEI. islandscholar.ca./islandora/object/ir:20241/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf

ViLLarnoVo D, Burton sa, horney B, maCkenzie aL,

VanDerstiCheL r. 2016. Preliminary evaluation of a gel tube agglutination major cross-match method in dogs. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 45(3):411-416

PresenTaTIonsCameron m. 2016. Introducing the web-based benchmarking system for cow comfort. Dairy Cluster 2 Annual Meeting, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC. October.

CoCkram ms. 2016. Poultry Welfare: Handling and transport of broilers/Housing of laying hens. CVMA Annual Convention, Niagara Falls, ON. July. Proceedings 330-332, 342-343.

CoCkram ms. 2016. Pain control for castration and tail docking in lambs. CVMA 2016 Annual Convention, Niagara Falls, ON. July. Proceedings 333-336.

CoCkram ms. 2016. Welfare aspects of health and disease. CVMA 2016 Annual Convention, Niagara Falls, ON. July. Proceedings 337-341.

CoCkram ms. 2016. Transport and slaughter of sheep. Animal Welfare in Practice: Sheep welfare. Charlottetown, PE. September.

CoCkram ms. 2016. Painful procedures in sheep. Animal Welfare in Practice: Sheep welfare. Charlottetown, PE. September.

Crook a, Lane J, tuFF-hoPkie C, riCharDs s, somersaLL

m, marie D. 2016. Dangerous dogs: Education and legislation. AVC Community Workshop Series, Charlottetown, PE. November.

Crook a, FairLes J. 2016. C-246 “Modernizing Animal Protections Act.” CVMA presentation to the Canadian Animal Health Coalition (teleconference). June.

JeweL m. 2016. Testing a simplified cow comfort assessment tool. Dairy Cluster 2 Annual Meeting, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC. October.

JeweL m. 2016. Prevalence of injuries and lameness on 80 Maritime dairy herds. Atlantic Bovine Practitioners Association Annual Meeting, Moncton, NB. November.

(poster) roy m, heiDer L, Cameron m. Investigation of colostrum management for dairy calves in the Maritimes. AVC Summer Research and Leadership Program, Charlottetown, PE. September.

(poster) sPinney B, Cameron m, heiDer L. Are your calves hungry? Milk feeding management in Maritime dairy herds. AVC Summer Research and Leadership Program, Charlottetown, PE. September.

Newsletters and non-peer reviewed publicationsSJDAWC News #32—Winter 2016

“Animal Talk”—monthly newspaper column on issues related to companion animal welfare— ed. A Crook, CAWI members. Past articles

VeTerInarY sTudenT eduCaTIonVHM125 Year 1 course in Animal Behaviour and Animal Welfare

VHM412 Year 4 course on Animal Welfare Regulation and Assessment

http://nfacc.ca/resources/codes-of-practice/veal-cattle/veal_cattle_SCreport_2016.pdf

http://nfacc.ca/resources/codes-of-practice/veal-cattle/veal_cattle_SCreport_2016.pdf

http://islandscholar.ca./islandora/object/ir:20241/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf

http://islandscholar.ca./islandora/object/ir:20241/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf

http://awc.upei.ca/2017/02/07/sjdawc-news-33-winter-2017/

http://princeedwardisland.ca/en/information/agriculture-and-fisheries/companion-animal-welfare-initiative-cawi


CoCkram ms. Animal welfare research: Opportunities and challenges. AVC Summer Research and Leadership Program, Charlottetown, PE. May

CoCkram ms. Coach for AVC student team in the Veterinary Division of the 2016 annual Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Contest, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. November

CoMMITTee/board MeMbersHIPsm CoCkram

» Board of Directors, Atlantic Poultry Research Institute » Editorial Board, Section Editor “Behaviour, Health,

and Welfare” for Animal: International Journal of Animal Bioscience

» Editorial board, Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science » NFACC Veal Cattle Code

» Co-chair of Scientific Committee » Member of NFACC Veal Cattle Code Development

Committee » NFACC Transport Code

» Member of Scientific Committee » Member of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association Animal Welfare Committee

» International Society for Applied Ethology Congress Advisory Committee and local organiser for ISAE 2018

a Crook

» Member, Small Animal Sub-committee of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association Animal Welfare Committee

» Board of Directors, Canadian Federation of Humane Societies

» Chair, PEI Companion Animal Welfare Initiative

aWards » 2016 sir James Dunn animaL weLFare GraDuate

sChoLarshiP

» Brayan FonseCa martinez, partial PhD Funding to work with Javier Sanchez, AVC Health Management. Project title: Risk analysis of introduction of pseudorabies virus (PRV) to Canadian outdoor domestic pigs via contact with wild and feral pigs and its implications on animal welfare (to begin 2017)

» Jamye rouette, MSc funding (two years) to work with Kathleen MacMillan, AVC Health Management. Project title: Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Standardbred horses used for harness racing on PEI

» 2016 ChristoFor awarD in animaL weLFare

» GeneVieVe CLark

» Dr. tom a. w. tayLor sChoLarshiP 2016

» VéroniQue saVoie-DuFour

» aVC GraDuate stuDies anD researCh Days, may 2016

» Dr. e. erroL hanCoCk sChoLarshiP—shauna

riCharDs, PhD student. Project title: Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

fundIng » Sir James Dunn and Christofor Foundations—

founding and sustaining funding » Multi-year donors: Halifax Veterinary Hospital,

Fairview Animal Hospital, Central Nova Animal Hospital, Vetcetera Animal Hospital, Glenn Loranger, Lara Jamieson, the late David Madren, the late Kay Alexandor, anonymous

» Project funding: » Research support—Canadian Poultry Research

Council, Vets Without Borders, Dairy Farmers of Canada

» Pegasus feral cat neuter program—Pegasus Family Foundation through Silicon Valley Community Foundation

» Pegasus Helping Hand Fund—Pegasus Family Foundation through Silicon Valley Community Foundation, AVC classes of 2011 and 2001

» Chinook Project—Government of Newfoundland and Labrador; Ann McCain Evans; Rathlyn Foundation; Valley Veterinary Clinic, Goose Bay; Mushuau Innu Band Council of Natuashish; Zoetis Animal Health; Iams/Eukanuba; Boehringer-Ingelheim; Vétoquinol; Air Labrador; Ms. Dorris Heffron; the Victoria City Kennel Club

» Many other generous individual supporters in memoriam

ConTaCT InforMaTIonSir James Dunn Animal Welfare CentreAtlantic Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Prince Edward Island550 University AvenueCharlottetown, PEICanada C1A 4P3upei.ca/[email protected]

http://upei.ca/awc

mailto:animalwelfare%40upei.ca?subject=Information%20about%20SJDAWC


3.1 ouTreaCH and CoMMunICaTIon

3.1.1 anIMal Welfare In PraCTICe 2016 — sHeeP WelfareThe twelfth annual Animal Welfare in Practice conference focused on improving sheep welfare through putting into action the 2013 NFACC Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Sheep. Dr. Paula Menzies, Professor in the Department of Population Medicine at the University of Guelph and member of the Ruminant Health Management Group, was the keynote speaker. Dr. Menzies is also Vice-President of the International Sheep Veterinary Association. Dr. Michael Cockram, Chair in Animal Welfare at AVC, and Mr. Andrew Hebda, President, Purebred Sheep Breeders Association of Nova Scotia, spoke as well. All three speakers were involved in the development of the 2013 Sheep Code of Practice.

Dr. Menzies talked about the Verified Sheep Program (“Putting the NFACC Code of Practice into Action”) and about hot button topics in sheep welfare. She also gave a talk on goat diseases and management. Dr. Cockram spoke about transport and slaughter and about painful procedures in sheep. He presented the scientific evidence behind some of the key recommendations in the 2013 Sheep Code, including those related to painful husbandry procedures such as castration and tail docking, and the new requirements for anesthetics and analgesics. Mr. Hebda outlined challenges and opportunities for producers.

soMe KeY Messages froM THe ConferenCe:In her talk “Sheep Welfare: Hot Button Topics,” Dr. Menzies stressed that welfare is about more than health and productivity. We must also consider affective states—i.e., how does the animal experience its life?—and natural living—i.e., is the animal able to carry out natural behaviours? Dr. Menzies gave a very brief overview of the 2013 Sheep Code and then focused on three issues that can be controversial: castration and tail docking, transportation, and euthanasia.

Further information is provided below on key initiatives since the 2016 Interim Report.

Sheep Welfare: Hot Button Issues

Challenges and Opportunities for Producers, Mr. Andrew Hebda

Dr. Menzies discussed pain associated with common husbandry procedures and how this is addressed in the Sheep Code through required practices (“must do’s”) and recommended practices (encouraged to adopt). She raised questions, pointing out that all methods of castration result in a response indicative of pain, and proposed that castration may be unnecessary in lambs slaughtered at or before puberty (six months of age). Similarly, Dr. Menzies proposed that the decision to dock tails should be based on evaluation of welfare risk/benefit rather than carried out routinely. The procedure is not necessary in short-tailed breeds of sheep, and when it is done on long-tailed sheep, the tail length must be in accordance with the Sheep Code, to avoid the welfare risks associated with too-short docking.

3 furTHer InforMaTIon on KeY InITIaTIVes




Sheep with natural tails

3.1.2 PeI CoMPanIon anIMal Welfare InITIaTIVe (CaWI)A Crook chairs the PEI Companion Animal Welfare Initiative (CAWI), which exists to improve the welfare of companion animals on PEI through various strategies, including bringing together groups that have similar overall goals and raising public awareness about good animal care practices. A major project for 2016 was the creation of a cat task force to collect data from all groups on the Island working to neuter homeless cats, with the goal of identifying areas where efforts should be targeted.

Members of CAWI are the PEI Department of Agriculture and Forestry, SJDAWC, PEI Cat Action Team, SpayAid PEI, PEIVMA, PEIHS, and PEI 4H. CAWI continues its public education efforts through bi-monthly “Pets and People” features on CBC Radio, coordinated by Dr. Marti Hopson, and a monthly article, “Animal Talk,” in The Guardian newspaper, coordinated and edited by A Crook. Links to all articles and interviews to date are at princeedwardisland.ca/CAWI.

3.1.3 addITIonal CoMMunICaTIon » May and November: semi-annual SJDAWC

reports for the AVC Advisory Council » January and August: semi-annual reports about

the Pegasus projects for the Pegasus Family Foundation

» 2016 SJDAWC Interim Report (January 1–June 30, 2016)

» SJDAWC News #32—Winter 2016 » September: SJDAWC display at AVC Open House » Ongoing: answering or redirecting requests for

information regarding issues of animal welfare and the work of the SJDAWC (general public, veterinarians, and the media), maintaining SJDAWC website

Dr. Menzies then discussed fitness for transport requirements, and the critical importance of producers recognizing when an animal is unfit—i.e., the animal cannot be transported without undo suffering. This includes animals unable to walk, those that are emaciated or severely lame, or those in advanced disease states—these animals must be euthanized rather than shipped. Animals that are compromised (the very young or very old, or those with some types of injury) have a reduced capacity to withstand transportation and may only be transported locally and directly, under specific conditions, to where they can receive medical care or be euthanized. It is the producer’s responsibility to determine fitness for transport; transporters have the right and responsibility to refuse to transport an animal they deem unfit. The Sheep Code has detailed requirements and regulations for transporting sheep, including a comprehensive decision tree “Guidelines for Dealing with Compromised Sheep” (Appendix H).

Finally, Dr. Menzies discussed euthanasia decisions and the necessity of on-farm protocols—the who, how, and when. This is covered thoroughly in Section 7 of the Sheep Code.

Dr. Menzies’ talks and some others from the conference are available at upei.ca/sheepwelfare. The conference was co-hosted by the SJDAWC and the AVC Animal Welfare and Small Ruminant Clubs, with assistance from the Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada. The conference organizers very much appreciated the contributions of the many producers who attended and shared their knowledge and experience.

Planning is underway for the 2017 Animal Welfare in Practice this fall.

http://princeedwardisland.ca/CAWI



Natalie Wright, Emily Siedl, and Jolene Vermeulen

3.2 VeTerInarY sTudenT aCTIVITIes

3.2.1 aVC anIMal Welfare ClubThe AVC Animal Welfare Club strives to promote animal welfare at the AVC and beyond by providing veterinary students, veterinarians, producers, and community members with opportunities to expand their knowledge of animal welfare. In the fall of 2016, they co-hosted the 12th Annual Animal Welfare in Practice conference in collaboration with the SJDAWC and the AVC Small Ruminant Club. Throughout the year, the club hosted lunch lectures on topics such as animal protection laws and assessing welfare scenarios for prosecution in a court of law. Through the support of the Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada (AWFC), the club awarded seven grants to assist AVC students who were pursuing external rotations related to animal welfare.

There are currently 68 members, with events and lectures open to all students. The club is very grateful to the AWFC for its ongoing support.

3.2.2 2016 anIMal Welfare JudgIng and assessMenT ConTesTThree second-year students—Jolene Vermeulen, Emily Siedl, and Natalie Wright—participated in the veterinary division of the 2016 Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Contest held at Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, in November. At the contest, each student was provided with contrasting scenarios for the management of guinea pigs, purebred dogs, and meat sheep. They were required to assess and evaluate the welfare of the animals in each situation and present their reasoning to a judge. There was also a live animal team assessment of laying hens.

Dr. Michael Cockram, AVC Chair in Animal Welfare, was the team coach, with additional specialty coaching at AVC from Drs. Jonathan Spears and Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte.

The students worked together over several months preparing for the competition. “This competition

allowed us to delve into some welfare issues that we may not be exposed to in our veterinary education, and it gave us the opportunity to achieve personal growth in our public speaking and communication,” said Jolene, who achieved the fifth highest individual score in the veterinary division. “It was great to get the opportunity to use the knowledge we had gained and meet other students who were enthusiastic about welfare issues.”

Funding for the students’ expenses was provided through the SJDAWC Student Project Fund, the American Veterinary Medical Association, and the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, UK.

3.2.3 sTudenT ProJeCT fund (2015–16 fIsCal Year) Between May 1, 2015, and April 30, 2016, 13 students were awarded funding through the Student Project Fund to assist with travel relevant to animal welfare. Please see Appendix V, B, for details. The selection guidelines for the Fund can be found on the SJDAWC website at awc.upei.ca/student-activities/.

http://AWFC.ca

http://awc.upei.ca/student-activities/

http://awc.upei.ca/student-activities/


3.3 aWards

3.3.1 2016 CHrIsTofor aWard In anIMal WelfareFourth-year student Genevieve Clark received the 2016 Christofor Award in Animal Welfare at the AVC Fall Awards Night in October for her longstanding participation in multiple volunteer activities to improve the welfare of animals. These activities include multi-year volunteering at the Colchester SPCA and the Earth Arc in Pictou, NS, a non-profit animal rescue that primarily takes horses, and co-leading the Second Truro Girl Guides, where she devoted time to teaching girls about proper animal handling and welfare in both companion and farm animals. Since coming to the AVC, she has helped to enrich the lives of the teaching beagles and horses in multiple ways, and has volunteered regularly with the AVC program to neuter feral cats. As further evidence of her commitment to, and interest in, animal welfare, Genevieve enrolled this year in the online “Animal Behaviour and Welfare” course with the University of Edinburgh, in addition to her fulltime studies at AVC.

Presenters Tom and Esma Taylor with Christofor Award recipient Genevieve Clark

3.3.2 2016 sIr JaMes dunn anIMal Welfare graduaTe sCHolarsHIP aWard WInners

Jamye Rouette received two years of funding to undertake a Masters graduate program with Dr. Kathleen MacMillan. Her project is “Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Standardbred horses used for harness racing on Prince Edward Island.”

Brayan Fonseca Martinez received one year of a PhD stipend to undertake graduate studies with Javier Sanchez. (Other funding is in place.) Dr. Martinez’s project is “Risk analysis of introduction of pseudorabies virus (PRV) to Canadian outdoor domestic pigs via contact with wild and feral pigs and its implications on animal welfare.” He will begin his program at UPEI spring 2017.

Brayan Fonseca Martinez


3.3.3 dr. ToM a. W. TaYlor sCHolarsHIP

Véronique Savoie-Dufour presenting her research project, September 2016

3.3.4 CVMa HuMane aWard

The SJDAWC congratulates Dr. Shawn Llewellyn on receiving the 2016 CVMA Humane Award, sponsored by Merck Animal Health, for his support of pets of people who are displaced or have low incomes. Dr. Llewellyn, a graduate of AVC’s Class of 2008, is a founding board member and current president of the Paws for Hope Animal Foundation, a not-for-profit organization in British Columbia. Through Paws for Hope, Dr. Llewellyn works directly with vulnerable community members and their pets, providing veterinary care and support through free animal health clinics. Dr. Llewellyn, who is a practicing partner at the Scottsdale Veterinary Hospital in Surrey, is also a member of the Animal Welfare Committee of the College of Veterinarians of BC.

While at AVC, Dr. Llewellyn was president of the AVC Animal Welfare Club. He received the 2007 Christofor Award in Animal Welfare and co-founded the SJDAWC’s annual Animal Welfare in Practice Conference.

Dr. Shawn Llewellyn and Kyla

This inaugural scholarship was awarded to third-year student Véronique Savoie-Dufour. The scholarship is awarded in memory of Dr. Tom A. W. Taylor to a student who is well-rounded and academically proficient and who has demonstrated initiative and interest in research activities.

Véronique’s particular interests are anatomic and clinical pathology and immunology. At AVC, she is a member of the pathology club and tutors fellow students in anatomic and clinical pathology. She is very interested in research and plans to pursue a residency in pathology followed by a graduate degree.

http://pawsforhope.org


4 ProJeCTs CoMPleTed 2016

4.1 CoMParIng CulTure MeTHods for MeTHICIllIn-resIsTanT StaphylococcuS pSeudintermediuS (MrsP) froM unHealTHY dogs J McClure, A Muckle, M Saab

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a bacterium that causes disease in dogs. Historically, it was treated easily with penicillin, but now some strains have acquired mechanisms for antibiotic resistance: they are called methicillin-resistant S pseudintermedius (MRSP). MRSP is resistant to many different antimicrobials, so it can be challenging to treat. When animals with MRSP visit veterinary clinics, there is a risk of exposure to other animals, which could lead to hospital-acquired infections or outbreaks. It is important for laboratories to efficiently identify this organism with a short turn-around time.

In this study, the investigators compared four methods for the detection of MRSP in samples from sick dogs. They found differences in MRSP detection between methods: those with an enrichment broth detected more MRSP than the current laboratory method, but this difference was not statistically significant. The current method used by the diagnostic laboratory at AVC did not detect MRSP in 24 specimens. If the additional testing had not been performed for this study, the canine patients would not have received the appropriate treatment for their infections, which could lead to the infection lasting longer and/or developing into a more serious condition. As a result of the findings, the diagnostic laboratory at AVC is using the selective

culture method when working with specimens at high-risk for MRSP from cases received from the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, to ensure that a MRSP diagnosis can be made quickly. The accurate detection of this pathogen in canine specimens enhances patient welfare by allowing appropriate and timely antimicrobial treatment and infection control practices.

4.2 eValuaTIon of a PalPaTIon PHanToM To reduCe THe use of lIVe CoWs for THe InsTruCTIon of boVIne TransreCTal PalPaTIon B Crane, J Spears

The instruction of transrectal palpation of the bovine reproductive tract is one of the techniques that requires significant use of teaching animals at veterinary colleges. A commercially available “palpation phantom” (Breed N Betsy, Brad Pickford, Victoria, Australia) is expected to reduce the number of live animals required for student learning. The objective of this project was to quantify the reduction in the use of teaching cattle when a commercially available palpation phantom was used. It was expected that 20 minutes of practice time on the Breed N Betsy palpation phantom would reduce by 30% the number of live cows required to reach basic proficiency for students who had little or no previous palpation experience.

Twenty first- and second-year veterinary students received standard palpation instruction, including a 30-minute lecture and the opportunity to practice on

This section contains reports for two research projects that were completed in 2016, and for four service projects for which the granting period expired in 2016. The principal investigators for three of the service projects applied for and received renewed funding through the 2016 competition. Two additional service projects (4.7 and 4.8) are funded separately by the Pegasus Family Foundation through the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, with additional support for 4.8 from the AVC classes of 2001 and 2011. Detailed reports are prepared separately for the Pegasus Family Foundation. All publications and presentations since the 2015 Annual Report are listed in Section 2. Appendix IV contains a list of all projects funded from 1994 to 2016.

http://www.breednbetsy.com.au


Figure 1. Student palpation outcomes during the first live cow palpation (n=10 students/group)

reproductive tracts from cows from a slaughterhouse. Students in the palpation phantom group (n=10) received an additional 20 minutes of instruction with the phantoms, while students in the standard instruction group (n=10) received no time with the phantoms. Basic proficiency was defined as the ability to identify and describe the cervix, uterus, and at least one ovary in two out of three consecutive palpations. Blinded instructors evaluated students claiming to have identified all structures.

There was some reduction in the mean number of live cow palpations required to reach basic proficiency in the phantom group compared to the standard instruction group; however, the means were not significantly different from each other. This may have been a reflection of relatively small sample size—all students required fewer palpations than anticipated in initial sample size calculations.

This study improved our understanding of how students learn to palpate. Students in the phantom group were more successful during their first live cow palpation than the standard instruction students (Figure 1). This suggests the phantom improved student confidence and enhanced the teaching value of the first live cow palpation. Although not statistically significant, there was a slight numerical reduction in the number of cows required by the students in the palpation phantom group. This difference may have been greater if the students had had the opportunity to spend more time with the phantoms in between live cow palpations, in addition to their initial 20 minutes.

An article is in preparation for the Journal of Veterinary Medical Education.

Red fox release, with wildlife technician Fiep de Bie and fourth-year student Nancy Brochu

4.3 ClInICal WIldlIfe Care aT aVC (2015–2016) J Spears, H Gelens, P-Y Daoust

This project has been funded through the SJDAWC since 2000 to provide veterinary care to sick, injured, displaced, and stranded wild animals in Atlantic Canada. Veterinarians and students receive training in the appropriate care of wildlife patients, the general public is educated about wildlife welfare and conservation issues, and data are collected for health monitoring of wildlife populations. The Wildlife Service underwent some restructuring in 2014–15. (For more information, please see Section 4.3 of the SJDAWC 2015 Annual Report.)

Over the past year (2015–16), 207 wild animals were presented to the AVC Wildlife Service, mostly from the public and from PEI Forests, Fish and Wildlife, including eagles, hawks, owls, songbirds, rabbits, foxes, and small mammals. Fiep de Bie, the wildlife technician partially funded through this project, has been instrumental in providing expertise and in organizing and arranging the care of the cases and the clinical environment. She also organizes the veterinarians, staff, veterinary students, and volunteers who participate in clinical care of the animals. This includes training and programming of Wildlife Club volunteers—a time-consuming but very worthwhile activity for the service and the students. The Wildlife Service provided additional extensive training sessions to interns, residents, and volunteers. These sessions, which are vital for the ongoing care of the animals, involved personnel from the Wildlife Service and Dr. Helene Van Donninck from Cobequid Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre.


CollaboraTIons The AVC Wildlife Service collaborates with the Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Parks Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Environment, Energy and Forestry Ministry of PEI, Marine Animal Response Society, the Magnetic Hill Zoo, and wildlife rehabilitation centres in the Maritime provinces. As well, J Spears and F de Bie obtained a grant through the PEI Conservation Fund for $7,000 to renovate the flight cage at AVC to provide better care for large raptors, with an additional grant to upgrade perches in the flight cage. The AVC Wildlife Service provided training to a team from Parks Canada on appropriate capture of wildlife in the spring of 2016.

sCIenTIfIC PerMIT for MIgraTorY bIrdsThe Wildlife Service applied for and received a Canadian Bird Banding Permit. The application required two reference letters, photos of the facility, measurements of all the enclosures and cages, resume of rehabilitator, and standard operating procedures. This permit allows birds that come through the Wildlife Service to be banded before release. The permit covers the master bander permit holder (F de Bie) and nominees under the permit (J Spears, H Gelens, and G Mortimer), i.e., those who assist the permit holder in rehabilitation activities—including handling of migratory birds, receiving sick or injured migratory birds, possessing migratory birds until they are released, and conducting other activities that are usually not permitted under the Migratory

In February 2016, a red fox that had been hit by a car in Cornwall, PEI, was brought to the AVC Wildlife Service. After a few days of supportive care, including warmth, f luids for hydration, and pain medication, the fox was ready to go back to the fields and the woods near Cornwall.

Birds Convention Act. The AVC Wildlife Service is now included under the national registries of rehabilitators.

SJDAWC funding for this project was renewed for 2016–18. The AVC provides approximately matching funding, as well as extensive in-kind support.

4.4 HealTH ManageMenT serVICes for HandIbear HIlls equIne sanCTuarY, InC. (2014–16) W Duckett, G Conboy

Through this project, Dr. Duckett and senior veterinary students provide consistent, basic health care to the horses at the Handibear Hills Equine Sanctuary, Inc., in Breadalbane, PEI. Currently, there are 18 horses at the sanctuary. The horses receive yearly vaccinations to protect against tetanus, influenza, rhinopneumonitis, and eastern and western equine viral encephalitis. All horses are dewormed twice yearly for strongyles, bots, tapeworms, and other nematodes. Fecal ova shedding is monitored periodically by Dr. Conboy’s laboratory, and high shedding individuals are dewormed strategically in addition to the two basic dewormings. Annual dental examinations and routine floating are carried out by Dr. Duckett, senior veterinary students, interns, and residents.

Each year there is a spring vaccination and deworming clinic which is open to the public and is attended by veterinary students (most recently, April 9, 2016).

The horses at the sanctuary benefit from consistent basic preventative health care and are monitored and assessed regularly for quality of life and age-related health issues. They continue to be a source of learning for community youth groups and veterinary students. The project received renewed SJDAWC funding for 2016–18.


4.5 HealTH ManageMenT serVICes for PeI equIne reTIreMenT soCIeTY, InC. (2014–16)

W Duckett, G Conboy

Since 1997, the objective of this project has been the provision of basic health care by Dr. Duckett and senior veterinary students to the horses fostered at the PEI Equine Retirement Society, Inc., at Dale Cameron’s facility in O’Leary, PEI. Over the past two years, five horses (Misty, Knightly Trouble, Tara’s Chip, Stan, and Fussy’s Pride) have received yearly deworming and vaccinations to protect against influenza, rhinopneumonitis, tetanus, and eastern and western equine viral encephalitis. Dental examinations and floating were also carried out as needed. Parasite surveillance by way of fecal egg counts is carried out in Dr. Conboy’s laboratory to inform deworming protocols.

Additionally, since the fall of 2009, a facility at Brookfield, PEI (Sadie’s Place; sadiesplace.ca), has expanded the number of horses that can be cared for by the PEIERS, with the goal of placing the horses into foster and permanent homes. There were no requests for assistance from Sadie’s Place over this past year.

The project has funds remaining to continue care for the horses in the coming year.

4.6 MedICal and surgICal Care of HoMeless anIMals (2014–16)

P Moak, P Foley, R MacDonald, M MacLean

Each year, many cats, dogs, and other companion animals are brought to the Atlantic Veterinary College or animal shelters in Atlantic Canada with injuries or medical conditions requiring veterinary care. These animals are either homeless and found wandering at large and brought in by good Samaritans and shelter workers or, occasionally, surrendered by owners who cannot afford care for their pets. The faculty, staff, and students at the AVC, working primarily with the PEI Humane Society, are able to care for these animals

and return many of them to a state of health, which allows them to be adopted into homes. (For some animals, humane euthanasia is the best care that can be provided.)

During the period 2014–16, the project had a direct, positive impact on the lives of 22 dogs, 71 cats, and 3 rabbits (total 96) through the medical or surgical care they received at the Atlantic Veterinary College, working with the PEI Humane Society and the foster homes which are sometimes required during recuperation. Beyond the direct impact on the welfare of individual animals is the sense of responsibility fostered in the people who work with the animals who receive care through the grant. Every year almost every senior student in the AVC graduating class, certainly every intern and small animal resident, and almost every faculty member in the Department of Companion Animals has contact with at least one of the animals cared for through this project. The impact of giving back and the sense of wellbeing that each person experiences may be difficult to quantify but is evident in the good work our graduates do when they leave the AVC. There will always be homeless animals in our communities, and their medical and surgical care (which may include euthanasia) falls to animal shelters and veterinarians. The AVC and the PEIHS are very fortunate to have the resources to care for such animals through the SJDAWC care of homeless animals project.

Funding for this program was renewed for 2016–18.

4.7 Pegasus feral CaT neuTer PrograM (2016)

A Crook, K Ling, H Gunn McQuillan

Feral cats are neutered on Fridays by senior students in the AVC Community Practice rotation through this project, which is funded by the Pegasus Family Foundation through the Silicon Valley Community Foundation. Procedures are carried out as established by Dr. Peter Foley in consultation with the PEI Cat Action Team (CAT, cats-pei.ca) for the SJDAWC-funded project Neutering feral cats on PEI. Over the past year, procedures at AVC were carried out under the supervision of Dr. Kathy Ling. Additional feral cats

http://www.sadiesplace.ca

http://cats-pei.ca


are neutered at participating Island veterinary clinics with funds privately raised by CAT. This neuter program benefits individual cats by decreasing fighting activity associated with mating and by preventing the spread of disease. On a broader level, the program is also decreasing the proportion of reproducing feral cats on PEI, with the ultimate goal of achieving negative population growth.

In 2016, 260 feral cats were neutered through the Pegasus neuter program, which represents the largest component of the activities of CAT. Since 2001, over 11,000 feral cats on PEI have been neutered using funds provided by the Pegasus Family Foundation and the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, as well as other funds raised by CAT.

Detailed reports are prepared semi-annually for the Pegasus Family Foundation.

4.8 Pegasus HelPIng Hand fund (2015–16)

(PEgASUS fUND EmERgENCy mEDiCAL/SURgiCAL CARE PROgRAm)

A Crook, K Ling, H Gunn McQuillan

This project has been funded since 2004 by the Pegasus Family Foundation through the Silicon Valley Community Foundation. The grant provides resources to ease the financial burden of medical/surgical care for canine or feline companion animals of owners with restricted incomes (e.g., on social assistance or other financial support program) who face significant expenses associated with their animal’s care. Twenty-three dogs and cats received care through the grant from 2004–2007. Renewed funding in 2007 by the Pegasus Family Foundation was supplemented by generous gifts from the AVC classes of 2001 and 2011.

During 2015–16, the Fund provided financial assistance in the care of five dogs and one cat for a total of 37 animals since 2007. Detailed reports are provided to the Pegasus Family Foundation annually.


5 ongoIng ProJeCTs

5.1 Care of the dairy calf: Investigation into the welfare and health of calves in the Maritime provinces of Canada L Heider, M Cameron, J Sanchez, J McClure 5.2 Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya—Phase 2 J VanLeeuwen, S McKenna, S Richards, G Gitau 5.3 Achieving meaningful improvements in dairy cow welfare by reducing lameness: Evaluating the effectiveness of herd performance benchmarking and integrated, web-based risk management G Keefe, M Cameron, M Cockram, S McKenna, J Sanchez 5.4 Research and training to improve stall design and management for better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya J VanLeeuwen, S McKenna, G Gitau, J Aleri 5.5 Identification of risk factors during broiler transportation that influence injury and mortality M Cockram, C Revie 5.6 Youth training to improve cow and animal welfare in Kenya and Canada J VanLeeuwen, S Richards

5.7 Financial aid for spay or neuter of companion animals of owners on fixed income (2016–18) P Foley

5.8 AVC humane dog training program (2015-17) A M Carey, B MacLean 5.9 Introduction of positive reinforcement theory and techniques to promote humane handling of equine patients in the AVC Large Animal Hospital (2014–17) L McDuffee

5.10 Clinical wildlife care at AVC (2016–18) J Spears, H Gelens, P-Y Daoust 5.11 Neutering feral cats on PEI (2014–17) P Foley 5.12 Medical and surgical care of homeless animals (2016–18) P Moak, P Foley, R MacDonald, H Gunn McQuillan, M MacLean 5.13 Pegasus feral cat neuter program (2017) A Crook, K Ling, H Gunn McQuillan

5.14 Pegasus Helping Hand Fund (2007–….) A Crook, H Gunn McQuillan

For all ongoing projects, annual progress reports are received and reviewed by the SJDAWC Management Board in early fall. Principal investigators may request and be granted approval for extension of their studies. Research projects are listed first (5.1–5.5), followed by service projects (5.6–5.14), with projects in both categories listed in reverse order of when they were funded.


aPPendIx I

Comparison of the Budget from the Proposal to the Sir James Dunn Foundation for Continued Support for the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre: 2015–20, with Expenditures of the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, May 1, 2015–April 30, 2016

ParT a: ProJeCT fundIng Funds allotted to Projects (below) are kept entirely separate from money budgeted for Operation and Outreach

(Parts B and C)

Budget1 Awarded 2015-16

2016-17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20

Research and service projects supported

through annual SJDAWC competition (SJDF

funding plus undesignated donations)

$148,000 $150,0002

Student Project Fund $5,000 $4,2503

SJD Graduate Animal Welfare Scholarship $75,000 $49,0444

Additional project funding (designated) $164,7665

TOTAL PROJECTS $368,060

1. Proposal to the Sir James Dunn Foundation for Continued Support for the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre: 2015–20,

December 2014, page 24.2. Explanation of funds available and awarded 2015–16 (“2016 funding competition”) $148,000 Annual budget for projects $15,200 Undesignated donations, funds returned at account closings at project completion, and slight carry forward $12,500 Reserved in anticipation of a proposal for SJDAWC sponsorship of the ISAE conference at UPEI, 2018

$150,700 Available for the 2016 funding competition

$150,000 Awarded 2016 competition

$700 Carry forward to 2017 competition

Please note that not all funds may be awarded in a given year either because there are insufficient remaining funds to fund the next ranked proposal, or because remaining proposals do not satisfy the selection criteria with respect to animal welfare relevance or study design.3. Please see Appendix V, B, for details.4. Awarded to F Chatigny; 2 years MSc funding 2015–17 (at $24,522/year). Residual funds carried forward. 5. Please see Section D for details.


ParT C: ouTreaCH

From SJDF Budget 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20

Animal Welfare in Practice conference $2,500 $2,5704

Educational events $500 $0

SJDAWC Newsletter, postage $2,500 $2,1895

Representation $500 $5006

Professional development and meetings $3,000$1,0307a

$1,9527b

Webinar series $5,000 $4,4978

Sub-total $14,000 $12,738

Dean’s office support

To offset newsletter costs9 $1000 $0

TOTAL OUTREACH $15,000 $12,738

The UPEI fiscal year is May 1–April 30.

Notes to the budget1. Proposal to the Sir James Dunn Foundation for Continued Support for the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre: 2015–20,

December 2014, page 24.2. As of May 1, 2010, AVC assumed entire salary and benefit costs for the Chair in Animal Welfare.

AVC Dean’s office support

Chair’s salary and benefits2 $197,200

Towards Coordinator’s salary & benefits

$24,671

Sub-total $221,871

TOTAL OPERATION $279,871

ParT b: oPeraTIon

From SJDFBudget as per October 2009

proposal1

2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20

Chair in Animal Welfare $02 $0

Coordinator $58,0003 $58,000

Library UPEI in-kind UPEI in-kind

Office support UPEI in-kind UPEI in-kind

Sub-total $58,000 $58,000


ParT d: oTHer sourCes of fundIng

2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20

Funding from sources external to AVC for service projects• Pegasus Feral Cat Neutering Fund1

• Pegasus Helping Hand Fund• Chinook Project2

• Other

$17,158$0

$50,908$7,4003

For research support $89,3004

Sub-total: Additional project funding (designated) $164,766

Other Donations• Registrations: Animal Welfare in Practice

• Registrations: Webinar series• Universities Federation of Animal Welfare, UK• Undesignated donations

$1,192$1,436$9495

$2,9056

Sub-total “other” $6,482

TOTAL OTHER SOURCES OF FUNDING $171,248

3. Contribution towards salary and benefits at 0.825 FTE based on the UPEI scale for non-faculty professional staff. Costs above this amount, due to COLAs and salary increases, are paid by AVC.

4. Total costs for the 2015 Applied Equine Behaviour conference were $4,563 (airfare, accommodation, and honoraria for the speakers, lunch for participants, plus miscellany). Total revenue was $4,684: $2,500 budgeted annually for the conference, $1,192 in registration fees (no charge for students), plus $992 contribution from the Animal Welfare Club.

5. SJDAWC News#32–Winter 2016 6. Partial support ($250) for A Crook to attend the 2016 National Animal Welfare Conference in Toronto (other expenses paid by

the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies); also sponsorship ($250) of anniversary textbook of the International Society for Applied Ethology:

Brown JA, Seddon YM, Appleby MC, eds. Animals and us: Fifty years and more of applied ethology. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2016.7a Partial costs for A Crook to attend the 2015 National Animal Welfare Conference (Canadian Federation of Humane Societies, May 2015, Vancouver). 7b Partial costs for attendance and participation by M Cockram at the ISAE International Congress meeting, Edinburgh, Scotland, July 2016. Other travel costs for 2015-16 were covered by the organizations involved or, for M Cockram, by AVC departmental professional development and travel allowances. 8 2015 webinars: speaker’s fee, administration costs (primarily GoToWebinar platform)9 These funds are available should newsletter costs exceed the $2,500 budgeted amount.

1. The grant has been renewed at 6-monthly intervals since January 2004 by the Pegasus Family Foundation.2. Since 2011, the Chinook Project has been funded independently of the SJDAWC. Donations are, however, received through the

SJDAWC for the project. The main funding partners are the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Ann McCain Evans, the Rathlyn Foundation, and Air Labrador, as well as contributions each year from the Northern communities involved.

3. PEI Conservation Fund, renovations to f light cage for the AVC Wildlife Service.4. Research projects almost always include funds supplementary to SJDAWC funding. A rough estimate of funds from other

sources for 2015–16 includes $22,400 for second year of a PhD stipend (Keefe: Improving dairy welfare by reducing lameness); $18,900 for first year of an MSc stipend (Heider: Welfare of the dairy calf); and $48,000 for first year of a PhD stipend, equipment, and project travel (VanLeeuwen: Better cow welfare on small holder dairy farms in Kenya—phase 2).

5. These funds, for support of student animal welfare-related activities, are used to assist with costs to attend the annual Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Contest.

6. $470 was used to augment the Christofor Award to $2,500; $750 is reserved for the coach’s costs to the annual Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Contest; the remainder goes to project funding (Part A,above).


MaTerIal and In-KInd suPPorTThe University of Prince Edward Island is committed to providing material and in-kind support to the Centre on an ongoing basis, as per the Proposal to the Friends of the Christofor Foundation for Continued Support for the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre: 2015–20, December 2014, page 25.


1. The UPEI fiscal year is May 1–April 30.2. Returns earned in excess of the approved spending rate may permit periodic additional distributions to endowment accounts

from the centrally managed pool.3. Interest at UPEI is reported in April and November. Effective May 1, 2009, funds are released according to the spending rate

approved by the University’s Board of Governors (approved in advance for two fiscal years). These funds are deposited into endowment accounts and the University manages the risk associated with market gains and losses. This guarantees the income available for spending while continuing to protect principal in perpetuity. Donors receive an annual Fund Activity Report

4. The interest available, according to the UPEI spending rate, is augmented each year to the full Award amount by unrestricted donations to the SJDAWC. (The rest of such donations go towards project funding.)

5. $2,500 is disbursed annually to the Christofor Award recipient at the AVC Fall Awards and Recognition Night.

Fiscal Year1Sir James Dunn

Foundation

Special income

distribution2Interest available3 Top-up4

Expenses

(Christofor

award)5

Account

balance

1999 –2011 $60,000 $0 $25,550 $1,950 ($27,500)

2011–12 $2,500 $1,750 $750 ($2,500) $52,500

2012–13 $0 $2,100 $400 ($2,500) $52,500

2013–14 $2,625 $1,838 $662 ($2,500) $55,128

2014–15 $1,240 $1,929 $571 ($2,500) $56,368

2015–16 $1,618 $1,973 $530 ($2,500) $57,989

2016– $1,618 $2,030 $470 ($2,500) $59,607

TOTAL $60,000 $9,601 $37,170 $5,333 ($42,500)

aPPendIx II

CHrIsTofor aWard aCCounT (aT deCeMber 31, 2016)


Fiscal YearFriends of

Christofor Gift

Special income

distribution on Gift1

Endowment Account

balance

Interest available

from endowment

balance2

Expenses

(horses’ medical

care and board)

Balance: Horse

Care Account3

2009–10 $800,000 $0 $800,000 $22,630 $35,206 ($12,576)

2010–11 $0 $800,000 $28,000 $44,916 ($16,916)

2011–12 $40,000 $840,000 $28,180 $45,196 ($17,016)

2012–13 $0 $840,000 $33,600 $47,076 ($13,476)

2013–14 $42,000 $882,000 $29,400 $50,960 ($21,560)

2014–15 $19,845 $901,845 $30,870 $48,581 ($17,711)

2015–16 $25,883 $927,728 $31,565 $25,708 ($11,854)

2016– $25,883 $953,611 $32,470 $18,972 $1,644 4

TOTAL $800,000 $153,611 $236,715 $316,615

1. Returns earned in excess of the approved spending rate may permit periodic additional distributions to endowment accounts from the centrally managed pool.

2. Interest at UPEI is reported in April and November. Effective May 1, 2009, funds are released according to the spending rate approved by the University’s Board of Governors (approved in advance for two fiscal years). These funds are deposited into endowment accounts and the University manages the risk associated with market gains and losses. This guarantees the income available for spending while continuing to protect principal in perpetuity. Donors receive an annual Fund Activity Report.

3. The account is authorized to allow a deficit, with the understanding that the income will grow to exceed expenses as the fund builds and the horses gradually pass away

4. At March 27, 2017.

aPPendIx III

CHrIsTofor Horse Care aCCounTs (aT MarCH 27, 2016)


aPPendIx IV

ProJeCTs funded To daTe 1994–2016

Service projects are shaded. Where funding has been renewed, years of previous funding are in brackets. Former

investigators are listed in brackets.

Project Duration Investigator/s Department1

Care of the dairy calf: Investigation into the welfare and health of

calves in the Maritime provinces of Canada

2016–18 L HeiderM CameronJ SanchezJ McClure

HMHMHMHM

Research and training to improve stall design and management for

better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in

Kenya—phase 2

2016–18 J VanLeeuwenS McKennaS RichardsG Gitau

HMHMHM; PhD studentProfessor, U of Nairobi

Clinical care of wildlife at AVC 2016–18 (1999–2016)

J SpearsH GelensP-Y Daoust

BSCAPM

Financial aid for spay or neuter of companion animals of owners on

fixed income

2016–18 (2008–2016)

P Foley CA

Medical and surgical care of homeless animals 2016–18 (1994–2014)

P MoakP FoleyR MacDonaldJ Gunn McQuillanM MacLean

CACAPEIHSVTHVTH

Youth training to improve cow and animal welfare in Kenya and

Canada

2016–17 J VanLeeuwenS Richards

HMHM; PhD student

Achieving meaningful improvements in dairy cow welfare by reducing

lameness: Evaluating the effectiveness of herd performance

benchmarking & integrated, web-based risk management2a

2015–18 G Keefe

M CameronM CockramS McKennaJ Sanchez

HMHMHMHMHM

AVC humane dog training program 2015–17(2001–15)

AM CareyB MacLean(N Guy) (E Cawthorn)

CAPEIHS

Research and training to improve stall design and management for

better cow welfare and productivity on smallholder dairy farms in

Kenya2b

2014–16 J VanLeeuwenS McKennaG Gitau J Aleri

S Richards

HMHMProfessor, U of NairobiClinical instructor, U of NairobiHM, PhD student

Introduction of positive reinforcement theory and techniques

to promote humane handling of equine patients in the Atlantic

Veterinary College’s Large Animal Clinic

2014-17 L McDuffee HM

Health management services for Handibear Hills Equine

Sanctuary Inc.

2014–17(2004–14)

W DuckettG Conboy

HMPM

Health management services for the PEI Equine Retirement

Society Inc.

2014–17(1997–2014)

W DuckettG Conboy

HMPM



Comparing culture methodology for methicillin–resistant Staph

pseudintermedius (MRSP) from unhealthy dogs

2013–16 J McClureA MuckleM Saab

HMPMMSc student; HM

Pilot project on effect of buffers used with fish anesthetics 2013–14 J SpearsD Stevens

BSBS

Enhancing animal welfare by potentially improving ease of predicting

transfusion reactions in dogs, cats and horses

2012–14 S BurtonR VanderstichelC GilroyD Villarnovo

PMPMPMMVSc student; HM

Identification of risk factors during broiler transportation that

influence injury and mortality3

2012–16 MS CockramCW Revie

HM/SJDAWCHM/CVERPhD student

The effect of surgical and chemical sterilization on canine

testosterone levels and the implications on cultural acceptability and

welfare for free–roaming dog populations4

2012–14 R VanderstichelJ Serpell

E GardeM Forzan

PMProfessor Clinical Studies, U of PennsylvaniaVeterinarians without BordersPM

Evaluation of a palpation phantom to reduce the use of live cows for

the instruction of bovine transrectal palpation

2011–16 B CraneJ Spears

HMBS

Tangible animal parts from 3–D files 2011–12 R Lofstedt HM

Comparison of three radiographic techniques in the determination of

reproductive status of feral and shelter queens

2011–13 L PackM WoodlandP RistB Crane

CAMVSc student; CACAHM

Trichomonosis, an emerging disease in Canadian Maritime wild finch

populations and a welfare issue

2010–12 S McBurneyM ForzanS GreenwoodR Vanderstichel

PMPMPMHM

Trap–neuter–return coordinator 2010–11 A M CareyE Schoales

CACAT

Animal–assisted activities using AVC teaching beagles 2010–12 J Spears BS

Environmental enrichment to reduce stress in shelter cats 2009–12 M CockramJ EllisN GuyJ SpearsH Stryn

SJDAWC/HMPhD studentCAPMHM

Neutering feral cats on PEI 2001–17 P FoleyH GelensK GibsonT BaileyK Keizer

CACACACADVM student

Chinook project—providing veterinary care to Northern communities5 2006– L MillerJ MagrathM Hopson

PMEnglish Department, UPEICA

Study of injuries associated with the handling and transport of horses

for slaughter6

2009–15 M CockramI DohooC Roy

SJDAWC/HMHMPhD student, HM

Welfare issues associated with the transport and slaughter of horses

previously kept for recreation or sport

2008–15 M CockramI DohooC Roy

SJDAWC/HMHMPhD student, HM



Investigation of a blood–borne parasite in wild red foxes and in dogs

with anemia on PEI

2007–08 B HorneyP FoleyS McBurneyK TefftA Birkenheuer

PMCAPMCA

Are Clostridium difficile and methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus

aureus present in horses admitted to the AVC Teaching Hospital?

2007–09 J McClure HM

Skeletal muscle as a source of bone and cartilage cells to improve

healing in the horse

2007–09 L McDuffee HM

The effect of dietary selenium supplementation in mares and their

foals

2007–09 J WichtelF MarkhamJ McClureM McNivenM WichtelJ Krauss

HMPMHMHMHMHM/PhD student

Evaluation of platelet function in ill dogs 2006–08 S BurtonB HorneyA NicastroP FoleyÉ Côté

PMPMCACACA

Survival profile of Standardbred horses on PEI 2006–12 S DohooI Dohoo

BSHM

Development of an objective scoring system for changes to the equine

pituitary gland in aged horses

2006–09 L MillerW DuckettD McFarlaneM BreshearsM Miller

PMHM

A new diagnostic test for inflammatory airway disease in the horse 2006–14 M WichtelW DuckettS BurtonA Hoffman

HMHMPM

Improving testing for platelet function in dogs 2005–06 S BurtonA NicastroB Horney

PMCAPM


Survey of euthanasia practices in animal shelters in Canada to

identify ways of incorporating “best practice” into guidelines for

humane euthanasia

2008–09 M CockramA MouncilliS McConkeyN Caffrey

SJDAWC/HMHMBSMSc Student

Is there an association between obesity and kidney disease in dogs? 2008–11 D ShawK TefttS IhleS BurtonP FoleyH Gelens

CAMVSc student, CACAPMCACA

Transportation of animals for slaughter in Canada: current practice,

welfare issues, and regulatory control

2008–16 M CockramI DohooV Black7

N Caffrey

SJDAWC/HMHM

PhD student

Pegasus feral cat neuter programme8 2004–16 A CrookT MatthewsK Ling

SJDAWCVTHCA

Pegasus helping hand fund8 2004– A CrookT Matthews

SJDAWCVTH



Improved pain control for surgery on the front leg of dogs 2005–13 K LemkeL LamontP MoakB HorneyC Creighton

CACACAPMMSc student, CA

A diagnostic test for French heartworm 2005–14 F Markham

G ConboyH StryhnA Bourque

PM PM HMMVSc student, PM

Improved diagnosis in equine diarrhea 2005–06 J McClure HM

Canadian veterinarians' use of painkillers in cattle, pigs and horses 2004–05 C HewsonI DohooK LemkeH Barkema

SJDAWC, BSHMCAHM

Vagal manoeuvres to lower heart rate in dogs and cats 2004–12 E Côté CA

Acupuncture for the treatment of heaves in horses 2004–05 A OrtenburgerJ McClureL Parsons

HMHMMSc student/HM

Selenium and vitamin E levels in horses on PEI 2004–06 J WichtelJ McClureT Muirhead

HMHMResidency/MScstudent/HM

Improving our understanding of glaucoma in dogs and cats:

Cox–1, –2, –3

2003–04 C CullenD Sims

CABS

Comparing two treatments for epilepsy in dogs 2003–05 C Gaskill BS

Improving care of cats with seizures: understanding side effects 2003–05 C Gaskill BS

A new diagnostic test for joint disease in horses 2003–08 C RileyM VijarnsornR A ShawR C BillinghurstA Cruz

HMPhD Student/HM

Improving care of poisoned animals in Atlantic Canada 2002–03 C Gaskill BS


Pedometer–based physical activity in dogs 2005–06 C ChanS IhleC Tudor–Locke

BSCA

Fecal survey of parasites infecting humane society animals 2005–07 G ConboyH BarkemaE Cawthorn

PMHMPEIHS

Stress reduction by environmental enrichment for shelter cats 2005–06 S DohooN Guy

BSBS

Chlamydial status of genital tracts of cats on Prince Edward Island—

correlation with histological changes

2005–06 L Gabor PM

Comparing two treatments for epilepsy in dogs—graduate student

funding

2005–07 C GaskillS Ihle

BSCA

Litterbox size preference of domestic cats 2005–06 N GuyM Hopson

CACA



French heartworm in Newfoundland 2001–04 C ConboyF MarkhamL MillerI Vezberger

PMPMPMPhD Student/PM

A new treatment for glaucoma 2001–03 C Cullen CA

Diabetes mellitus and tear formation in dogs 2001–03 C CullenS Ihle

CACA

Use of painkillers after surgery 2001–02 C HewsonI DohooK Lemke

SJDAWC/BSHMCA

Development of a quality of life scale for dogs 2001–03 C HewsonJ Wojciechowska

SDJAWC/BSMSc Student/BS

Glucosamine: an alternative treatment for arthritis in dogs 2001–02 C RunyonM Vijarnsorn

CAMSc Student/CA

Benazepril in dogs with chronic kidney failure 2001–03 D ShawP FoleyA Cribb

CAResidency/PhD/CABS

Effects of spaying on the behaviour of young female dogs 2000–02 L BateN GuyL McMullin

BSBSMSc Student/BS

The veterinarian’s role in recognizing and reporting animal abuse 2000–02 L CariotoC AdamsS Kovac

CA

MSc Student

Earlier diagnosis of chronic liver disease in dogs 2000–01 C FuentealbaK GibsonB Esparza

PMCAMSc Student/PM

Hearing loss in dogs with end stage ear disease 2000–02 K GibsonD Shaw

CACA

Screening tests for immune failure in newborn foals 2000–02 J McClureJ Deluca

HMHM

Anesthetic management and complications in draft horses 2000–01 C RileyD RiedeselI DohooS Ryan

HM

HMDVM Student

TGF–beta in chronic kidney failure in dogs 2000–02 D ShawP FoleyA CribbS Burton

CACABSPM


AVC humane education programme 1997–04 N Guy

K Gibson

BSCA

Effect of aging on the immune system in horses 2002–05 J McClureD McFarlaneD P Lunn

HMPhD Student/BS

Acupuncture to treat hip dysplasia in dogs 2002–03 A OrtenburgerC RunyonM Parsons

HMCADVM Student

Pain management in birds 2001–03 C RunyonA FerraroE Miller

CAMSc Student/CA

Factors affecting the welfare of non–racing horse in PEI 2002–03 C HewsonJ ChristieI DohooM McNivenC Riley

SJDAWC/BSMSc Student/BSHMHMHM



Classifying liver tumours in dogs 1999–2001 P RoseL Miller

CAPM

Equine Sports Medicine Centre 1998–99 P EhrlichJ PringleW DuckettT OgilvieW Grasse

HM HM HM HM VTH

Prevention of lameness and breakdown in racehorses 1998–2006 I DohooW DuckettP EhrlichC KawcakC W McIlwraithR C BillinghurstP Rose

HMHMHM

CA

Canine genetic disorders database 1998–2002 A CrookB HillS DawsonA Cribb

SJDAWCCABSBS

Spay/neuter week on PEI 1998–1999 K GibsonL Sartor

CADVM Student

Evaluation of a new treatment for Inflammatory Airway Disease in

young Standardbreds

1997–99 I MooreA CribbJ LofstedtK DayB Horney

HMBSHMVTHPM

Canine lungworm in the Atlantic provinces 1997–99 G ConboyB HorneyF Markham

PMPMPM

Acupuncture service at the Atlantic Veterinary College 1996–98 A Ortenburger HM

Postoperative pain in dogs and cats:

– Influence of veterinary education on knowledge and attitudes

– Role of animal health technologists

1996–98 S DohooI Dohoo

BSHM

Postoperative pain in dogs: Preemptive management 1996–99 K LemkeC Runyon

CACA

The veterinary garden of poisonous and medicinal plants 1996–97 T OgiliveD Webster

HMHM

Blood test to evaluate spay status in dogs and cats 1996–2000 R LofstedtJ Van Leeuwen

HMHM


Improved diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in cats 2000–06 C YasonS BurtonA LopezD Shaw

PMPMPMCA

Lung disease in the horse: the role of P. carinii 1999–01 B HorneyL Miller

PMPM

Disease surveillance in 2 wildlife species 1999–2004 S McBurney PM

Treatment of immune failure in newborn foals 1999–2001 J McClureJ DeLuca

HMHM

A model for bone healing in the horse 1999–2001 L McDuffeeG Anderson

HM



Improving the diagnosis of lungworm in dogs 1996–97 G ConboyF MarkhamB HorneyD Shaw

PM PM PM CA

The medical importance of lungworm in Island dogs 1995–96 G ConboyF MarkhamB HorneyD ShawT Bihr

PMPMPMCAMSc Student/PM

Reduction of racing injuries: Protecting lungs and limbs 1995–96 C CollatosJ PringleP Ehrlich

HMHMHM

Reducing kidney damage caused by certain antibiotics in horses 1995–98 J LofstedtS BurtonA Cribb

HMPMBS

Addressing the problem of dominance aggression in dogs 1995–98 L BateA LeuscherN Guy

BSBSMSc Student/BS

Rehabilitation of the convalescing equine athlete 1994–95 J Pringle HM

Reduction of postoperative pain in dogs 1994–95 S Dohoo BS

Notes for Projects Funded Since 2008

1. HM—Health Management, BS—Biomedical Sciences, CA—Companion Animals, PM—Pathology and Microbiology, VTH—Veterinary Teaching Hospital, SJDAWC—Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, PEIHS—PEI Humane Society, CAT—PEI Cat Action Team, CVER—Centre for Veterinary Epidemiological Research

2. a Funding is shared with Dairy Farmers of Canada through Dairy Cluster 2. b With substantial funding support from Veterinarians Without Borders—Canada.

3. This project is jointly funded by the SJDAWC and the Canadian Poultry Research Council.

4. This project was one component of a large community–based project with multiple funding partners, stakeholders, and researchers (in Chile, Italy, United States, and Canada).

5. Since 2011, the Chinook Project has been funded independently of the SJDAWC.

6. Jointly funded by the Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada and the SJDAWC.

7. Professor of Law, Dalhousie University.

8. Funded by the Pegasus Family Foundation, through the Silicon Valley Community Foundation.


1. For projects involving students that were completed prior to 2015, please see the 2010 and 2015 SJDAWC annual reports, pages 61 and 29, respectively.

2. The current principal investigator is listed.3. Since 2011, the Chinook Project has been funded independently of the SJDAWC.

aPPendIx V

undergraduaTe VeTerInarY sTudenT InITIaTIVes THrougH THe sJdaWC

Please note: Current graduate students funded through the SJDAWC are listed in section 2, together with their projects.

a. InVolVeMenT In ongoIng sJdaWC-funded serVICe ProJeCTs, or neW ProJeCTs funded sInCe 20151

Proposal title Duration of project

PrincipalInvestigator2

Student involvement

Clinical wildlife care at AVC 1999–2018 J Spears Senior students and students with the Wildlife Club assist with all aspects of animal care.

Chinook project—providing

veterinary care in the far

North

2006–183 M Hopson Senior students carry out the Chinook clinics under faculty supervision.

Health management services

for the Handibear Hills Horse

Sanctuary, Inc.

2004–17 W Duckett Senior students carry out horse care through the ambulatory equine rotation.

Health management services

for the PEI Equine Retirement

Society, Inc.

1997–2017 W Duckett Senior students carry out horse care through the ambulatory equine rotation.

Neutering feral cats on PEI 2001–17 P Foley Student teams (each with one student from each year of the veterinary program) carry out procedures on neuter days, held one Saturday every two months under faculty supervision.

AVC humane dog training

program

2001–17 A M Carey Many students are involved as volunteers to carry out the program, and one student is hired each year to develop the program and coordinate it with the PEIHS.

Medical and surgical care of

homeless animals

1994–2018 P Moak Senior students, interns, and residents participate extensively in care of the animals.


b. InITIaTIVes aPProVed THrougH THe sJdaWC sTudenT ProJeCT fund

Funded 2015–16 (fiscal year May 1–April 30)

Proposal title Date Student(s) 4 Amount PurposeExternal clinical experience in companion animal welfare—shelter medicine (VCA 490)

2015–16 10 students (@$125)(A Crook)

$1,250 Travel assistance to participate in shelter medicine rotations.

Intercollegiate Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Contest, Michigan State University

Nov 2015 5 students(M Cockram)

$3,000(divided)

Travel assistance to participate. Assistance was also received from the American Veterinary Medical Association and the Universities Federation of Animal Welfare, UK.

Sub-total 15 $4,250

TOTAL 2015–2020 15 $4,250

4 The mentor is in parentheses.

Number of students funded

Details

Prior to 2010 69 2010 SJDAWC Annual Report

2010–2015 83 2015 SJDAWC Annual Report

2015–16 15 above

TO DATE 167


aPPendIx VI

ITeMs of InTeresT

VI.I

ATLANTIC VETERINARY COLLEGE • UNIVERSITY OF PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDSir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre

AWFCTHE ANIMAL WELFARE FOUNDATION OF CANADAFONDATION DU BIEN-ÊTRE ANIMAL DU CANADA

Sir JameS Dunn animal Welfare Centrepromoting animal welfare through research, service, and education

friDaY, SePtemBer 30

7:00–8:30 Pm (oPen to all)Verified Sheep Program: Putting the NFACC Code of Practice

into action

Dr. Paula Menzies, Ruminant Health Management Group, Ontario

Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario

SaturDaY, oCtoBer 1

9:00 am Transport and slaughter in sheep

Dr. Michael Cockram, Chair in Animal Welfare,

Atlantic Veterinary College

10:00 am Painful procedures in sheep

Dr. Michael Cockram

11:00 am Sheep welfare: Hot button topics

Dr. Paula Menzies

lunCH 12:00–1:00 Pm

1:00 Pm Challenges and opportunities for producers

Andrew Hebda, President, Purebred Sheep Breeders

Association of Nova Scotia

2:00 Pm Goat welfare: Diseases and management

Dr. Paula Menzies

3:00–4:00 Pm Panel discussion

regiStration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friday evening: no charge (all welcome!)

Saturday: students, no charge; veterinarians, $75;

producers and others, $40

Lunch is included.

CE certificates will be provided.

To register: upei.ca/awcor contact: [email protected]

902-628-4360

Registrations will be accepted until Tuesday, September 27.

Co-hosted by the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre

and the AVC Animal Welfare and Small Ruminant Clubs,

with support from the Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada

SePtemBer 30–oCtoBer 1, 2016LECTURE THEATRE AATLAnTiC VETERinARy CoLLEgEUniVERsiTy of PRinCE EdwARd isLAnd550 university avenuecharlottetown, peicanada c1a 4p3

animal welfare in practicesHEEP wELfARE

Dr. Paula Menzies


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VI.II

33 . . . . . . . . . . 2016 ANNUAL REPORT SiR JAmES DUNN ANimAL WELfARE CENTRE . . . . . . . . . . PB

VI.III

Are Y

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lth M

anag

emen

t, At

lantic

Vet

erin

ary C

olleg

e, U

nive

rsity

of P

rince

Edwa

rd Is

land

Methods

Advis

ory t

ool t

o as

sess

calf

welfa

re in

dair

y far

ms

Qu

estio

nnair

e

On-fa

rm m

easu

rem

ents

In

divid

ual r

epor

t tha

t inc

lude

s per

form

ance

and

reco

mm

enda

tions

Recr

uite

d an

d vis

ited

80 d

airy f

arm

s in

the M

ariti

mes

25

New

Brun

swick

25

Nov

a Sco

tia

30 P

rince

Edwa

rd Is

land

Discussion

Prod

ucer

softe

n fe

d m

ore t

han

1 ty

pe o

f milk

and

mod

ified

their

sy

stem

dep

endi

ng o

n wh

at w

as av

ailab

le on

the f

arm

.

Man

y pro

duce

rs fe

d m

ilk w

ith a

nipp

le bo

ttle a

nd sw

itche

d to

an o

pen

pail s

yste

m as

calve

s got

old

er. N

ippl

e fe

edin

g thr

ough

outt

he p

re-

wean

ing s

tage

is re

com

men

ded

as it

cont

ribut

es to

satie

ty, h

elps

secr

ete d

igesti

ve h

orm

ones

and

redu

ces s

uckli

ng b

etwe

en ca

lves.

62%

of p

rodu

cers

in th

e Mar

itim

es ar

e fee

ding

the r

ecom

men

ded

amou

nt o

f milk

. The

cons

eque

nces

of t

he re

main

ing 3

8%

unde

rfeed

ing t

heir

calve

s inc

lude

the c

alves

bein

g una

ble t

o sa

tisfy

hu

nger

, a re

duce

d im

mun

e fu

nctio

n, an

d de

crea

sed

weigh

t gain

. Th

ese f

acto

rs ca

n pr

olon

g the

tim

e it t

akes

for t

he fi

rst b

reed

ing t

o be

achi

eved

.

Incr

ease

d m

ilk co

nsum

ptio

n co

uld

be ac

hiev

ed b

y add

ing a

feed

ing

each

day

or c

hang

ing t

o an

“ad

lib” s

yste

m.

Man

y pro

duce

rs se

e was

te m

ilk as

a lar

ge ec

onom

ic lo

ss an

d fe

ed it

to

their

calve

s des

pite

reco

mm

enda

tions

not

to. P

aste

uriza

tion

is an

ef

fect

ive w

ay to

dim

inish

risk

s fro

m in

fect

ious

agen

ts bu

t will

not

affe

ct ri

sk to

antim

icrob

ial ex

posu

re.

Acknowledgements

Wew

ould

like t

o th

ank

Farm

Serv

ices s

taff

for t

he su

ppor

t and

advic

e ov

er th

e cou

rse o

f thi

s pro

ject

.

A bi

g tha

nk yo

u to

the S

ir Ja

mes

Dun

n An

imal

Welf

are C

entre

for

prov

idin

g the

fund

s to

mak

e thi

s pro

ject

a re

ality.

Than

k you

to th

e Mar

itim

e dair

y far

mer

s who

par

ticip

ated

in th

is pr

ojec

t.

References

Ham

mell

K.L,

Met

zJ.H

.M,M

ekkin

gP.

1988

.Suc

kling

beha

viour

ofda

iryca

lvesf

edm

ilkad

libitu

mby

buck

etor

teat

.Jou

rnalof

AppliedAn

imalBe

haviou

rScie

nce.

20:2

75-2

85Va

sseu

r,E.

,J.R

ushe

n,A.

M.d

ePa

ssillé

,D.L

efeb

vre,

and

D.Pe

llerin

.201

0.A

Cana

dian

inte

rven

tion

strat

egy

toen

cour

age

chan

ges

inca

lves

and

heife

rsm

anag

emen

tto

impr

ove

welfa

rein

dairy

farm

s.Journa

lof

Dairy

Science.

93:4

414-

4426

Jasp

erJ,

Wea

ryD.

M.2

002.

Effe

cts

ofAd

Libitu

mM

ilkIn

take

onDa

iryCa

lves,

Jour

nalo

fDair

ySci.

85:3

054–

3058

M.A

be,T

.Irik

i,K.

Kond

ohan

dH.

Shib

ui.1

979.

Effe

ctso

fnip

ple

orbu

cket

feed

ing

ofm

ilk-su

bstit

ute

onru

men

by-p

assa

ndon

rate

ofpa

ssag

ein

calve

s.British

Journa

lofN

utrition.

41:7

5-18

1

Introduction

Calf

feed

ings

trate

gies v

ary f

rom

farm

to fa

rm. T

here

is n

o pe

rfect

form

ula

for t

ype o

f milk

fed

and

met

hod

of fe

edin

g, an

d fa

rmer

s em

ploy

the

strat

egies

that

bes

t fits

their

farm

.

Com

mon

ly us

ed st

rate

gies i

nclu

de fe

edin

g :

Bulk

tank

milk

W

aste

milk

M

ilk re

plac

ers

Ac

idifi

ed m

ilk

Paste

uriza

tion

Som

e far

mer

s opt

to ex

clusiv

ely f

eed

milk

repl

acer

s to

decr

ease

the

chan

ce o

f dise

ase t

rans

miss

ion,

but

they

com

e at a

high

er co

st.

To re

duce

costs

, was

te m

ilk (o

r non

salea

ble m

ilk) i

s ofte

n fe

d to

calve

s but

th

ere i

s a h

igher

risk

of p

atho

gen

trans

miss

ion

and

expo

sure

to

antim

icrob

ials.

Paste

uriza

tion

may

dec

reas

e the

likeli

hood

of p

atho

gens

, but

com

es at

an

addi

tiona

l cos

t.

Calve

s are

fed

eithe

r with

an o

pen

pail o

r via

an ar

tifici

al te

ats,

thro

ugh

mea

ns o

f nip

ple

bottl

es, a

utom

atic

feed

ers,

mob

feed

ers o

r nip

ple

pails

. Suc

kling

in ca

lves i

s a n

atur

al be

havio

r tha

t can

be m

imick

ed b

y th

e arti

ficial

teat

s and

it h

elps g

uide

milk

dire

ctly

into

the a

bom

asum

via

the e

soph

agea

l gro

ove.

Give

n th

e var

iable

optio

ns fo

r calf

feed

ing,

the a

im o

f thi

s pro

ject

is to

de

term

ine t

he p

ract

ices e

mpl

oyed

in th

e Mar

itim

es fo

r milk

feed

ing

man

agem

ent.

We w

ill us

e thi

s inf

orm

atio

n in

supp

ort o

f ext

ensio

n ac

tiviti

es to

info

rm p

rodu

cers

abou

t bes

t man

agem

ent p

ract

ices w

ith

the g

oal o

f im

prov

ing c

alf h

ealth

and

welfa

re in

the M

ariti

mes

.

Results

Th

ere w

ere n

o sig

nific

antd

iffer

ence

s bet

ween

the p

rovin

ces f

or to

tal li

ters

of m

ilk fe

d.

Fe

edin

g twi

ce a

day i

s the

mos

t com

mon

pra

ctice

in ea

ch M

ariti

me p

rovin

ce.

Th

e high

est m

ilk q

uant

ity fe

d pe

r day

was

13L a

nd th

e low

est w

as 4L

.

Figur

e 1 : F

requ

ency

of m

ilk fe

edin

g met

hods

Figur

e 2 : T

otal

liter

s of m

ilk fe

d to

calve

s by

freq

uenc

y of f

eedi

ng

Figur

e 3: F

requ

ency

of t

ypes

of m

ilk fe

d to

calve

s

Was

te m

ilk :

1.

25%

(n=1

) of p

rodu

cers

fed

paste

urize

d wa

ste m

ilk

22.5

% (n

=18)

of p

rodu

cers

fed

waste

m

ilk o

ccas

iona

lly

28.7

5% (

n=23

) of p

rodu

cers

fed

waste

m

ilk o

ften

Tota

l milk

fed

:

62

% (n

=49)

of p

rodu

cers

fed

the

reco

mm

ende

d 8L

+ of m

ilk to

their

ca

lves

22

% (n

=17)

of p

rodu

cers

fed

betw

een

6 and

8L o

f milk

to th

eir ca

lves.

16

% (n

=13)

of p

rodu

cers

fed

4-6L

of

milk

to th

eir ca

lves

AtlAntic VeterinAry collegeUniVersity of Prince edwArd islAnd550 UniVersity AVenUechArlottetown, Pei, cAnAdA c1A 4P3

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