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Pierpont Morgan Library & Museum AdditionDesign Architect: Renzo Piano Building WorkshopExecutive Architect: Beyer Blinder BelleStructural Engineer: Silman Associaties
Prepared by: Michelle OCarroll | Aldo Cherdabayev | Mikki Asada | Allison Shawn Conley
IntroductionThe Morgan Library & Museum is a complex o buildingso diering styles and periods covering hal a city block atMadison Ave. and 36th St. The complex includes three his-toric buildings: an intimate palazzo-like structure designedby Charles Follen McKim in 1902 to serve as the privatelibrary o nancier Pierpont Morgan; The 1928 Annex Build-ing; and Jack Morgans mid-19th century brownstone.
In the years since the Morgans incorporation as a publicinstitution in 1924, there have been several additions to theoriginal library building, including a garden court built in1991 to unite all three structures. In 2006, The Morgan Li-brary & Museum unveiled its largest expansion and renova-tion, a 75, 000sq. t. addition designed by Renzo Piano. TheRenzo Piano design integrates the landmark buildings withthree new, intimately scaled pavilions constructed o steeland glass.
echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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Programmatic OrganizationThe largest pavilion houses the entrance, piazza, the newgallery, and on the top oor, the reading room. A small o-ce tower aces 37th street and the Gilbert Court. The small-est pavilion, between the original library and the annex,contains a perectly cube-shaped gallery.
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echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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7'-4"
EXIT
EXITEXIT
EXIT
KEY PLAN
ANNEXMcKIM
MORGANHOUSE
NEW BUILDING
EAST 37TH STREET
EAST 36TH STREET
MADISONAVENUE
FIRST FLOORT.O.F.F.+77.22' (0'-0")
SECOND FLOORT.O.F.F.+97.22' (+20'-0")
THIRD FLOORT.O.F.F.+110.22' (+33'-0")
BASEMENT 1T.O.F.F.+62.72' (-14'-6")
BASEMENT 2T.O.F.F.+53.22' (-24'-0")
BASEMENT 3T.O.F.F.+43.72' (33'-6")
BASEMENT 4T.O.F.F.+34.22' (-43'-0")
MEZZANINET.O.F.F. +118.22' (+41'-0")
MECHANICALT.O.F.F.+27.72' (-49'-6")
ROOFT.O. COPING +128.22' (+51'-0")
CUBE ROOFT.O.COPING+102.22' (+25'-0")
SCALE 1/8 = 1
Piano placed hal the project below ground to gain additional space without eclipsing the surroundingbuildings or compromising the neighborhoods architectural integrity. The multistory basement providesspace or a 280-seat auditorium, a conerence room, mechanical acilities, and a three-story waterproovault or storing Morgans irreplaceable artiacts.
Programmatic Organization
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echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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Gravity Loads
The oundation o Pianos inter-vention rests 50 below groundupon Manhattan bedrock,allowing or relatively smallootings. The exterior o thethree-story, watertight vault iscomprised o 1 concrete, whilethe interior is comprised o12W19 steel joists, 14W68 steelgirders, and 96 exposed steelcolumns which support 6 oor
slabs on metal deck. Six 12 X12 steel cruciorm columnssupport the atrium, while thick, 11 deep steel purlinsspanning N/S at 3 intervalsintersect with 2 X 2 squareposts spanning E/W, ormingan exoskeleton that supportsthe skylight system above.
Structure
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Lateral Loads: The Veirendeel Truss
While the distinct areas within the new campus were conceived as dierent buildings programmatically,they required a structural approach that would enable them to resist lateral loads and otherwise unctionas a single unit. The soaring, low-e glass and steel-enclosed piazza orms a diaphragm that enables thethree pavilions to share wind loads rom the glass acades.
Relation to Existing Buildings
Pianos scheme respects the historical signicance o the site, uniying the complex aesthetically withoutsacricing the essential character o each component; his addition remains seismically independent withno lateral connections to the massive stone buildings. The relationship between the old and the new ismediated by a glass vestibule that doubles as a re stair; by substituting glass risers or the usual opaqueones that would otherwise have blocked views into and out o the atrium, Piano preserves transparency,oering a light-lled space with glimpses o the surrounding context.
Note: During the construction phase, the surrounding historical buildings (which rest above the ounda-tion depth on compacted earth) were secured through underpinning to retain structural integrity and
prevent cracking and settling.
1/8= 1
INFORMATION &
TICKET DESK COAT CHECK
LOBBY
NORTH PIAZZA
SOUTH PIAZZA
BRIDGE PIAZZA
CUBE
GALLERY
SECURITY
VESTIBULE
CAFE
ELEVATORS
SERVICE
ELEVATOR
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
Structure
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Building Envelope
Contextual Integration
Modern and traditional elements were persuasively integrated throughout the campus; Piano, with hisappreciation o renaissance geometry, conceived the addition as a orm o abstract classicism- one withoutthe classical orders but with a traditional sense o restraint, rhythm and balance. This is most apparent onthe building envelope- spare compositions o glass walls and slender panels o steel are proportioned to
blend discretely with the historical abric.
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interior rollingshades
exterior shade
exterior moto
electrical cond
sprinkler pipe
insulated glazingpanels
low prolemullion system
painted cruciform column
exterior motorized shader
scale3= 1
14wideange
facadesprinkler
doubleplate gusset
doubleplate stiener
painted cruciform column
14wideange
exterior column support
Piazza Structural Details
scale3= 1
scale3= 1
OUTIN
2-13/16"
2-3/8"
2"
2-1/2"
5-5/8"
7-1/2"
2-13/16"
0-3/4"
3"
OUTLINEOFGUTTER
Building Envelope
Envelope Typologies
Shaded glazing- the predominant envelope typology- was used when program called or natural light:when a wall, such as in the piazza, this maniests as a ramework o low-e IGUs and steel mullions; when aceiling, such as in the double-height reading room, this maniests as several sandwiched layers. The out-ermost component is an aluminum grille which doubles as a maintenance walkway, ipping upwards to
allow workers to clean the 3 square glass panels below. The innermost layer o the envelope includes shad-ing devices: a roll out translucent woven abric attached to bottom o joists, ollowed by a system o motor-ized louvers which open and close like venetian blinds.
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SECTION 11at Auditorium, oces and piazza
DETAIL A DETAIL B DETAIL C
DETAIL D
DETAIL E
23 / 8"
DETAIL B
I
PLAITEDCRUCIFORMCO,LUMN
SUNSHADING SYSTEM
I
I
IN
OUT
ELECTRICALCONDUIT
EXTERIOR GUTTER SYSTEM- EG2
STAINLESS STEELHOOKFOR LIFESAFETY
EXTERIOR MECHANIZEDROLLER BLINDS
INTERNALROLLER BLINDS
PAINTEDBUILT-UP STEELPROFILE
LAIMINATEDINSULATEDGLASS
I
I
I I I I I I
I I I
I I
INSULATEDGLASS UNIT
I I
I III
I I
Building Envelope
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23 / 8"
I
DETAIL E
I I ,
I
SUNSHADING SYSTEM
INOUT
I
I I
I
I I
I I I
I I
I I I
I I I
GAURDRAIL
PO LY ETH LEN ED OME E PDM RO OF IN G
DEDPOLYSTRENEINSULATIONBOARDWITH TAPEREDINSULATIONMECHANICALLYFASTENTO SLAB
CONTINUOUS SELF ADHERING VAPOR BARRIER
CONCRETESLABTOPPEDWITH CONCRETEPRIMER
I I
INSULATEDGLASS UNIT
GWBSOFFIT ANDLIGHTDROPPEDCEILING
INTERNALROLLER BLINDS
STEELANGLE
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Building Envelope
Envelope TypologiesThe secondary typology, which is used when the program requires an opaque condition to protect art, is asteel plate cladding system: 6 wall, 3/8 thick panels are recessed behind a rame with grooved edges, giv-ing the appearance that aade has moldings. It is nished in an o-white architectural paint to echo stoneacades o surrounding buildings.
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METAL PANEL
INSULATED GLASSPANEL
STRUCTURAL STEEL
MULLION
CONCRETE BLOCK
FLOOR SLAB
STEEL GIRDER
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5-1/4"
Building Envelope
echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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CAST IRON BRACKETS
CONCRETE WALL
INSULATION PANEL
OUTIN
INTERIOR CEILING & SOFFIT FINISH
SKYLIGHT SYSTEM EWS13
1
ALIGN ALIGN
BRONZE COVER PLATE /
SADDLE ASSEMBLY
INTERIOR FLOOR FINISH DOORMATBLUESTONE PAVINGGUTTER ASSEMBLY
ENTRANCE DOOR
BRONZE RAIL
DRAINAGE MAT, WATERPROOFING PAD,
& INSULATIONON SUB GRADE SLAB
STAINLESS STEEL ANGLE
TO SUPPORT CLOSER
AND SADDLE
CONCEALED WEATHER STRIP
SWEEP UNDER DOOR
DOOR HANDLE,
1" BRONZE TUBE
INSULATED GLASS UNIT
OUTIN
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Building Envelope
echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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23
/8"
12=
1
SECTION11DETAILS
DETAILA
DETAILB
DETAILC
DETAILE
DETAILD
PLAITEDCRUCIFORMCO,L
UMN
LAIMINATEDINSULATEDGLASS
PLAITEDCRUCIFORMCO,L
UMN
SPRINKLERCONDUIT
EXTERIORGUTTERASSEMBLYEG-4
SUNSHADINGSYSTEM
SUNSHADINGSYSTEM
SUNSHADINGSYSTEM
IN
OUT
INOUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
OUT
ELECTRICALCONDUIT
EXTERIORGUTTERSYSTEM
-EG2
STAINLESSSTEELHOOKFORLIFESAFETY
EXTERIORMECHANIZEDROLLERBLINDS
INTERNALROLLERBLINDS
PAINTEDBUILT-UPSTEELPROFILE
LAIMINATEDINSULATEDGLASS
GAURDRAIL
POLYETHLENEDOME
EPDMROOFING
EXTRUDEDPOLYSTRENEINSULATIONBOARDWITHTAPEREDINSULATIONMECHANICALLYFASTENTOSLAB
CONTINUOUSSELFADHERINGVAPORBARRIER
METALROOFDECKANDCONCRETESLABTOPPEDWITHCONCRETEPRIMER
TERTIARYSTRUCTURE
SKYLIGHTINUNITIZED
SECTIONSCOUNTERSUNK
GASKET
SKYLIGHTSUPPORTPAINTED
STEELPLATE
SUNSHADING
INTERNALTHERMALBREAKWHERESUNSCREEN
SUPPORTPOSTPENETRATESGLASSROOF
PRESSUREPLATE
INSULATEDGLASSUNIT
INSULATEDGLASSUNIT
INSULATEDGLASSUNIT
INSULATEDGLASSUNIT
TRIPLE
PLATEPURLINBOLTED
ELECTRICALCONDUIT
INSULATEDGLASSUNIT
GWBSOFFITANDLIGHT
DROPPEDCEILING
INTERNALROLLERBLINDS
INTERNALROLLERBLINDS
SPRINKLERSYSTEM
STEELANGLE
24HRFIRERATEDFIRESTOP
SHEETMETALANDROCK
WOOL
INSULATEDMETAL
CONNECTION
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Building Envelope
echnical Report | A4114.001 | Fall 2011
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EWS9
EWS210
IWS1
IWS1@FIRERATE
DPARTITION
IWS2A
IWS2B
4=1
FACADESYSTEM
TYPOLOGY
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
21 4
"
3 4
"
3 4
"
3 4
"
55
8"238"2"
PAINTEDSTEELPRESSURECAP
GLAZINGGASKET
LAMINATEDIGU
PAINTEDSTEELPLATEMULLION
EXTERIORROLLERBLINDS
SUSPENSIONBRACKETABOVE
PURLINSTRUCTUREABOVE
PRIMARYSTRUCTUREABOVE
LAMINATEDIGU
ATSMOKEVENT
1"312"
12"
1"
PAINTEDSTEELANGLE
PRESSURECAP
PAINTEDSTEELPLATE
MULLIONWITHTHERMALBREAK
RIGIDINSULATION
SOLIDSTONEPILASTER
TOMATCHEXISTING
BUILDINGSTONE
VERTICALEXPANSION
JOINGASKETCOVER
FACEOFEXISTINGSTONE
BUILDINGFACADE
GLAZINGGASKET
LAMINATEDINSULATED
GLASSUNIT
PAINTEDSTEEL
FABRICATEDSTIFFENER
21 4
"
3 4
"
3 4
"
3 4
"
SHAFTWALLASSEMBLY
FIREPROOFEDSTRUCTURALCOLUMN
LINEOFHORIZO
NTALPLATESBELOW
PAINTEDSTEELPLATEMULLION
WELDEDPLATEFOR
VISUALCLOSURE
GRINDEDWELD
PAINTEDSTEELPANEL
ADJUSTABLEBRACKET
FORSTEELPANELATTACHMENT
STAINLESSSTEELDOWEL
ADJUSTABLEBRACKET
FORSTEELPANELATTACHMENT
FIREPROOFEDSTRUCTURALCOLUMN
LINEOFHO
RIZONTALPLATESBELOW
WELDEDPLATEFOR
VISUALCLOSURE
ADJUSTABLEBRACKET
FORSTEELPANELATTACHMENT
27
8" 23
4"
38"
4"
3 4
"
3 4
"
FIREPROOFEDSTRUCTURALCOLUMN
FIRERATEDGLASSPARTITION
ANDFRAMINGASSEMBLY
2HOURRATEDGYPSUM
STAINLESSSTEELDOWEL
GRINDEDWELD
PAINTEDSTEELPANEL
PAINTEDSTEELPLATEMULLION
BOARDPARTITION
214"
23
4"5"
34"
34"
34"
HINGEANDLOCKHARDWARE
PAINTEDALUMINUMLOUVERPANEL
STAINLESSSTEELDOWEL
PAINTEDSTEELPLATEMULLION
21 4"
29
16" 1"
38"
27
16"
27
8" 2
34"
3 4"
3 4"
3 4"
SHAFTWALLASSEMBLY
PAINTEDSTEELPLATEMULLION
HINGEDMETALPANEL
RECESSEDMETALCABINET
STAIR
EWS7
EWS5
EWS3
EWS12
EWS11
EWS1
EWS12
EWS9
EWS2a
IWS1
IWS2b
IWS2a
EWS10
EWS4
EWS6
EWS8
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Mechanical Systems
Design Intention
Pianos extensive use o glazing resulted in a ragile thermal envelope, mandating a robust mechanicalheating and cooling system to counter New York Citys seasonal temperature uctuations. Further, ar-chitectural emphasis on lightness and transparency required an air circulation strategy which minimizedvisual clutter; as an alternative to ductwork, supply plenums were embedded in the oor and return ple-
nums were placed in a dropped ceiling. The return lines in the glass atrium were concealed in the gapsbetween beams and columns.
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BASEMENT 4 (-43-0)
MECHANICAL (-49-6)
AHUWITH INTEGRATEDHEATING COILS
BASEMENT 3 (-33-6)
BASEMENT 2 (-24-0)
BASEMENT 1 (-14-6)
BASEMENT 1A (-5-0)
SECONDFLOOR (+20-0)
FIRST FLOOR (0-0)
THIRDFLOOR (+33-0)
FOURTH FLOOR (+41-0)
ROOF (+51-0)
OUTSIDEAIR PLENUM
AIR PLENUMS
COMBINATIONPLENUM ANDLINEAR SUPPLY (TYPICAL)
HEATING VENTILATION AND COOLING SYSTEMS
SUPPLY AIR
BASEMENT 4 (-43-0)
BASEMENT 3 (-33-6)
BASEMENT 2 (-24-0)
BASEMENT 1 (-14-6)
BASEMENT 1A (-5-0)
SECONDFLOOR (+20-0)
FIRST FLOOR (0-0)
THIRDFLOOR (+33-0)
FOURTH FLOOR (+41-0)
ROOF (+51-0)
SPILLAIR PLENUM
SUSPENDEDAHUWITH VIBRATION
DAMPENING SUPPORTS
HEATING VENTILATION AND COOLING SYSTEMS
RETURN AIR
MECHANICAL (-49-6)
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BASEMENT 2 (-24-0)
BASEMENT 1 (-14-6)
BASEMENT 1A (-5-0)
SECONDFLOOR (+20-0)
FIRST FLOOR (0-0)
THIRDFLOOR (+33-0)
FOURTH FLOOR (+41-0)
ROOF (+51-0)
MECHANICAL (-49-6)
MECHANICAL PIPING
COGENERATION SYSTEM
AHUS
COOLING TOWERS
MOTOR
Mechanical Systems
Programmatic Zones
Heating and cooling systems wereisolated into controlled climaticzones to accommodate varied oc-cupation and programmatic need.
The museum, a light-sensitivespace which required constanttemperature and humidity lev-els, is supplied by AHUs locatedin the basement. The ofces,whose occupation varies basedon employees work schedules, issourced by an AHU located on theroo o an adjacent building. Thetheater, a noise-sensitive spacewhose occupation varies based on
perormance schedules, is sourcedan AHU located in a slanted ceil-ing plenum; rubber dampenersminimize metal to metal contact,circulating air quietly to optimizeacoustics in the auditorium.
Mechanical Piping
The complex uses a steam pow-ered cogeneration system whichconnects to city inrastructure onlevel B2 and orms a circuit withthe AHUs, providing hot watereach or the coils. The chilled wa-ter supply is ed by cooling toweron roo o neighboring building.
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Bibliography
Renzo Piano Alters the Character of New Yorks Morgan Library and Museum with a New Entrance and aSkylit Court.Architectural Record; October 2006, Vol. 194 Issue 10, p36-36
Grand Piano Design for Morgan Library
Front Page; November 2002, EBSCO Publishing
Renzo Piano & the Morgan LibraryTe New Criterion; June 2006, Michael J. Lewis
Modern Design Is at Heart of Morgan Library ExpansionCivil Engineering News; June 2006
h i l R t | A4114 001 | F ll 2011
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