Upload
gad
View
74
Download
8
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Athletic Taping, Padding, and Bracing. Core Concepts in Athletic Training and Therapy Susan Kay Hillman. Objectives. Identify the types of tape commonly used in athletic taping. Explain the “check reign” used in athletic taping and identify different styles or shapes. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Core Concepts in Athletic
Training and Therapy
Susan Kay Hillman
ATHLETIC TAPING, PADDING, AND
BRACING
Identify the types of tape commonly used in athletic taping. Explain the “check reign” used in athletic taping and identify
different styles or shapes. Describe the five different taping techniques (spiral, figure 8,
teardrop, herringbone, and horseshoe) and give an application of each.
Identify the points to consider when developing preventive and protective pads.
Identify six basic products used in the construction of pads and braces for injury protection or prevention.
Explain why a fiberglass cast on a football lineman’s wrist should be padded for practice and games, regardless of rules.
Identify the three categories of knee braces and when each might be used.
OBJECTIVES
Athletic Taping and Bandaging is one of the more psychomotor skills of the A.T.Prevent injuryFacilitate injured persons return to physical activity Support ligaments and capsule of unstable joints
limit excessive or abnormal motion Enhance proprioceptive feedback from the injured limb
or joint Requires a great deal of practice
INTRODUCTION
Necessary to have understanding of anatomy and mechanism of injuries
Important to understand link between anatomical structure, mechanism of injury, and purpose for which the tape is being applied
Human anatomy is the foundation for everything you learn about athletic training
ANATOMY AND INJURY MECHANISM AS THE FOUNDATION FOR TAPING AND BRACING
Elastic tape, non elastic tape, elastic wraps, commercially manufactured bracesNon elastic
Standard white tape: porous, different sizes Optimal support to joints and strategically restrict
abnormal/excessive motion Elastic tapes/wraps
Support for body parts that require more ROM Apply compression to acute injury to minimize swelling
Braces Prevent injury Support unstable joints Reduce cost of athletic tape
MATERIALS FOR TAPING AND WRAPPING
Thorough injury evaluationNature and mechanism of injuryAssociated with appropriate rehabilitation program
Criteria of full return to activity has been metOptimal ROM, strength, progression of functional activity, psychological readinessSafety of athlete is #1 concern
PREREQUISITES TO TAPING AND BRACING
Ergonomic taping areaProper illumination, ventilation and free from
excessive heat and humidityArea should be coeducationalPatient should be willing participantArea to be taped should be clean and shaven
for optimal supportPrewrap may be applied
Tape adherent and friction pads over bony prominences or muscle tendons
PREPARING FOR TAPING
Creativity with taping techniques and supplies is valuable skill for A.T.
Various Application TechniquesSpiral: Used when padding, compression or general support of joints or soft tissue is the objectiveOverlapping circles, usually by 1/d tape/wrap widthDistal to ProximalPromote venous return and function
Commonly used for thigh (hamstring, quad), groin, hip, wrist and lower leg
APPLYING TAPE
Spiral Taping/wrapping
Check Reigns: Using strips of tape that cross a joint to limit normal or excessive movement Anchor strips applied proximally and distally are anchor points for various check reignsStacks
Strips of tape placed directly on top of each other to add strength to application
APPLYING TAPE
Proximal and distal anchors
with stack technique to
limit dorsiflexion
FanSimilar to stacking method, but one end is wider than the other
Allows for taping over a joint where proximal aspect is larger than distal or vice versa
Greater contact area=greater control of motion and support
The “X”Crisscross method to provide more control/support in one area and more movement in another
APPLYING TAPE: CHECK REIGN TECHNIQUES
The “Y” Type of stack check reign that is cut at 1 end and
split to facilitate attachment to anchor Split end can be cut long enough to be placed in
circular fashion
The “Double Y” Like “Y” but split at both ends Different from X because center is ore elongated
and covers larger area Often used for elbow hyperextension and Achilles
pathologies
APPLYING TAPE: CHECK REIGN TECHNIQUES
THE DOUBLE “Y”
Figure 8Foundational technique applied in numerous situations to benefit multiple joints
Limit motion or provide support to jointCircular and angular patterns crossing over itself while forming an “8” proximally and distally
Tape tension, joint placement, and type of tape are key factors
APPLYING TAPE
TeardropStrip of tape originates and ends in same spot to form an oval or “teardrop”
APPLYING TAPE
Herringbone Overlapping strips that cross over each other in
alternating and opposite directions Sequential support from overlapping strips Compression and support due to directional pull
applied
APPLYING TAPE
• Horseshoe (Stirrup)
Used during taping of ankle, heel and shoulder Used when circumferential tape application is
not possible Direction of pull, amount of tension, % of
overlap, and type of tape all affect the benefit of this technique
APPLYING TAPE
Valuable in preventing or lessening severity of injuries from sporting competition
Many different types of pads and protective equipment have been developedDifferent material
Moldable plasticFoamFeltCommercially manufactured padding
PADDING
a. Density Weight of product compared to its size Higher density offer greater protection and more resistant
to deformationb. Strength
Maximal external stress or load material can withstand Compression sleeve vs. ankle brace.
c. Rigidity Amount of bending or compression that occurs in response
to amount of applied stress Fiberglass splint more stiff and has less elasticity Aluminum splint less stiff and lower elasticity
d. Conformability Ease in which material forms to the body
PAD FABRICATION CONSIDERATIONS
e. Self-Adherence Strength in which material bonds to itself
Integrity and durability of the splint
f. Durability Ability to withstand repeated stress More durable=last longer
g. Ease of Fabrication Time, equipment and skill needed to shape material
for support and comfort
h. Availability and Cost
PAD FABRICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Type of density
High modulus of elasticity vs. low modulus
Custom vs. prefabricated
Boil and bite designed for custom fit
Closed Cell FoamHigher densityRegains original shape quickly after deformation
Provides better protection fro higher levels o impact
Stiffer foam, less comfortable
Can have adhesive backing for ease of application
Open Cell FoamLower densitySlowly regains shape after deformation
Better protection for low levels of impact
More comfortableCan have adhesive backing for ease of application
PAD CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Thermomoldable foamClosed or open cell that can be heated and molded to body part
Improves conformabilityGreat padding for cast and braces
FeltVarying thicknessUsed in conjunction with foam or other paddingCan have adhesive backing
PAD CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Gel Made entirely or partially with silicone or sorbothane
Effective in dispersing different levels of impact
Comfortable and increased ability to conform to body part
Can create adherence problems, must secure well
PAD CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Heat and Moldable PlasticsActivated by heat or waterHard covering for foam or felt Increased absorption of high level of impactElevated strength levelsCan also be used for immobilization or ROM restriction
A.T. may vary how padding is usedDoughnut or bubble techniques
PAD CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Prevent injury or support unstable jointsAnkle Braces
Knee BracesPreventative, rehabilitative, and functional braces
Shoulder BracesSupport unstable glenohumeral joints
Elbow BracesWrist Braces
ROLE OF BRACING