Astronomy103ExamReview

Spring2009

Iamlookingattwoobjects.OnehasaheightHandhasbeenplacedatadistance2D.Theotherhasaheight2Handhasbeenplacedatadistance3D.WhichsubtendsalargeranglefrommylocaJon?

A. closerobjectB. moredistantobjectC. neither.Theybothsubtendthesameangle.D. ItisnotpossibletoanswerthequesJonfromthisinformaJonalone.

Iamlookingattwoobjects.OnehasaheightHandhasbeenplacedatadistance2D.Theotherhasaheight2Handhasbeenplacedatadistance3D.WhichsubtendsalargeranglefrommylocaJon?

A. closerobjectB. moredistantobjectC. neither.Theybothsubtendthesameangle.D. ItisnotpossibletoanswerthequesJonfromthisinformaJonalone.

AsynodicmonthistheJmeoverwhichthe

A. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetotheSun.

B. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetothedistantstars.

C. EarthcompletesonetwelPhofanorbitaroundtheSun.

D. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheSunrelaJvetothedistantstars.

AsynodicmonthistheJmeoverwhichthe

A. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetotheSun.

B. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetothedistantstars.

C. EarthcompletesonetwelPhofanorbitaroundtheSun.

D. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheSunrelaJvetothedistantstars.

Polaris,theNorthStar,isattheendofthehandleoftheLiUleDipper.HowdothestarsoftheLiUleDippermovewithrespecttoPolaris?

A.eastward

B. westward

C. clockwise

D.counterclockwise

Polaris,theNorthStar,isattheendofthehandleoftheLiUleDipper.HowdothestarsoftheLiUleDippermovewithrespecttoPolaris?

A.eastward

B. westward

C. clockwise

D.counterclockwise

Ahot,densegasproduces

A. aconJnuousspectrum,withenergyemiUedateverywavelength.

B. anemissionlinespectrum,withbrightlinesagainstadarkbackground.

C. anabsorpJonlinespectrum,withdarklinesagainstabrightbackground.

D. nospectrumatallbecauselightcannotescapefromadensegas.

Ahot,densegasproduces

A. aconJnuousspectrum,withenergyemiUedateverywavelength.

B. anemissionlinespectrum,withbrightlinesagainstadarkbackground.

C. anabsorpJonlinespectrum,withdarklinesagainstabrightbackground.

D. nospectrumatallbecauselightcannotescapefromadensegas.

InNewYorkCity,theconstellaJonOrionishighintheskyaround11P.M.inJanuary.AtwhatJmeofthedayornightwouldOrionbehighintheskyinJuly?

A. 11A.M.B. 11P.M.C. 5A.M.D. 5P.M.

InNewYorkCity,theconstellaJonOrionishighintheskyaround11P.M.inJanuary.AtwhatJmeofthedayornightwouldOrionbehighintheskyinJuly?

A. 11A.M.B. 11P.M.C. 5A.M.D. 5P.M.

ItishoUerinNorthAmericainJulythaninDecemberbecausethe

A. EarthisclosertotheSuninJuly.B. Sun'sraysstriketheNorthAmericanconJnentmoredirectlyinJuly.

C. SunisaliUlehoUer.D. southpoleoftheEarthpointstowardtheSuninDecember.

ItishoUerinNorthAmericainJulythaninDecemberbecausethe

A. EarthisclosertotheSuninJuly.B. Sun'sraysstriketheNorthAmericanconJnentmoredirectlyinJuly.

C. SunisaliUlehoUer.D. southpoleoftheEarthpointstowardtheSuninDecember.

IftheplaneoftheMoon'sorbitwerethesameastheeclipJc(theplaneoftheEarth'sorbit),wewouldhave

A. twosolareclipseseachmonth.B. twolunareclipseseachmonth.C. onesolareclipseandonelunareclipseeachmonth.

D. noeclipseofeithertype.

IftheplaneoftheMoon'sorbitwerethesameastheeclipJc(theplaneoftheEarth'sorbit),wewouldhave

A. twosolareclipseseachmonth.B. twolunareclipseseachmonth.C. onesolareclipseandonelunareclipseeachmonth.

D. noeclipseofeithertype.

Onebeamofpurelighthasahighfrequencyandashortwavelength,whileasecondpurebeamhasalowfrequencyandalongwavelength.Aphotonfromthehigh‐frequencybeamhas___________thanaphotonfromthelow‐frequencybeam.

A. lessenergyB. moreenergyC. agreaterspeedD. asmallerspeed

Onebeamofpurelighthasahighfrequencyandashortwavelength,whileasecondpurebeamhasalowfrequencyandalongwavelength.Aphotonfromthehigh‐frequencybeamhas___________thanaphotonfromthelow‐frequencybeam.

A. lessenergyB. moreenergyC. agreaterspeedD. asmallerspeed

Twofreshlymadeironhorseshoesarehanginginablacksmith'sshop.OneissJlltoohottotouch,theotherhascooledtoroomtemperature.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwohorseshoes?

A.TheatomsinthehoUeronearemovingfasterthanthoseinthecoolerone.

B.ThepeakemissionfromthehoUeroneisshiPedtoalongerwavelengthcomparedtotheemissionfromthecoolerone.

C.ThehoUeroneemitsonlybluelight,whereasthecooleroneemitsonlyintheinfrared.

D.ThehoUeroneradiatesanemissionlinespectrum,whereasthecooleroneemitsaconJnuousspectrum.

Twofreshlymadeironhorseshoesarehanginginablacksmith'sshop.OneissJlltoohottotouch,theotherhascooledtoroomtemperature.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwohorseshoes?

A.TheatomsinthehoUeronearemovingfasterthanthoseinthecoolerone.

B.ThepeakemissionfromthehoUeroneisshiPedtoalongerwavelengthcomparedtotheemissionfromthecoolerone.

C.ThehoUeroneemitsonlybluelight,whereasthecooleroneemitsonlyintheinfrared.

D.ThehoUeroneradiatesanemissionlinespectrum,whereasthecooleroneemitsaconJnuousspectrum.

WhentheMooneclipsestheSunbuttheumbraoftheMoon'sshadowdoesnottouchthesurfaceoftheearth,itisa(n)

A.totaleclipse.

B. parJaleclipse.

C. annulareclipse.

D.semiannulareclipse.

WhentheMooneclipsestheSunbuttheumbraoftheMoon'sshadowdoesnottouchthesurfaceoftheearth,itisa(n)

A.totaleclipse.

B. parJaleclipse.

C. annulareclipse.

D.semiannulareclipse.

AplanetmovinginanellipsewiththeSunatonefocuswillhaveaspeedthatis

A.highestwhenitisclosesttotheSun.

B. highestwhenitisfarthestfromtheSun.

C. constantalongtheorbit.

D.highestatthetwoendsoftheellipse.

AplanetmovinginanellipsewiththeSunatonefocuswillhaveaspeedthatis

A.highestwhenitisclosesttotheSun.

B. highestwhenitisfarthestfromtheSun.

C. constantalongtheorbit.

D.highestatthetwoendsoftheellipse.

TwospaceshipshavingdifferentmassesbutrocketenginesofidenJcalforcearecoasJngtogetherthroughspaceatconstantvelocity.IftheythenfiretheirrocketsatthesameJme,whichofthetwoshipswillspeedupfaster?

A. theonewiththelowermassB. theonewiththehighermassC. Theywillspeedupequally,becausetheyhaveidenJcalrocketengines.

D. Theycannotspeedupatall,becausetheyareinspaceandtheirengineshavenothingagainstwhichtopush.

TwospaceshipshavingdifferentmassesbutrocketenginesofidenJcalforcearecoasJngtogetherthroughspaceatconstantvelocity.IftheythenfiretheirrocketsatthesameJme,whichofthetwoshipswillspeedupfaster?

A. theonewiththelowermassB. theonewiththehighermassC. Theywillspeedupequally,becausetheyhaveidenJcalrocketengines.

D. Theycannotspeedupatall,becausetheyareinspaceandtheirengineshavenothingagainstwhichtopush.

ThespectrumofradiaJonemiUedbyadense,opaqueobjectdependsmostlyonits

A.density.

B. opacity.

C. materialcomposiJon.

D.temperature.

ThespectrumofradiaJonemiUedbyadense,opaqueobjectdependsmostlyonits

A.density.

B. opacity.

C. materialcomposiJon.

D.temperature.

AnorbiJngobjectstaysinorbitbecause

A. ithasforwardmoJonthatkeepsitfromhi`ngtheEarthasitfalls.

B. gravityissoweakinspacethatittakesanobjectalongJmetofallbackdown.

C. airfricJonpreventsitfromfallingbacktoEarth.

D. thespinoftheEarthkeepspropellingitoutward.

AnorbiJngobjectstaysinorbitbecause

A. ithasforwardmoJonthatkeepsitfromhi`ngtheEarthasitfalls.

B. gravityissoweakinspacethatittakesanobjectalongJmetofallbackdown.

C. airfricJonpreventsitfromfallingbacktoEarth.

D. thespinoftheEarthkeepspropellingitoutward.

AsinglereflecJngdishusedbyradiotelescopescanhaveadiameterofupto300mcomparedtoadiameterofonlyabout10mforthelargestopJcaltelescopemirrors.Nevertheless,theseradiotelescopessJllhavemuchpoorerangularresoluJonthantheopJcaltelescopes.Explain.

A. Radiowaveshaveamuchlongerwavelengththanlightwaves.B. Radiowavesaremuchweakerthanlightwaves.C. Radiodishesconsistofmetalsurfacesorwiremesh,which

degradestheimagecomparedtothesmoothanduniformlyreflecJngsurfaceofanopJcalmirror.

D. Astronomical“seeing”ismuchworseatradiowavelengthsthanatopJcalwavelengths.

AsinglereflecJngdishusedbyradiotelescopescanhaveadiameterofupto300mcomparedtoadiameterofonlyabout10mforthelargestopJcaltelescopemirrors.Nevertheless,theseradiotelescopessJllhavemuchpoorerangularresoluJonthantheopJcaltelescopes.Explain.

A. Radiowaveshaveamuchlongerwavelengththanlightwaves.B. Radiowavesaremuchweakerthanlightwaves.C. Radiodishesconsistofmetalsurfacesorwiremesh,which

degradestheimagecomparedtothesmoothanduniformlyreflecJngsurfaceofanopJcalmirror.

D. Astronomical“seeing”ismuchworseatradiowavelengthsthanatopJcalwavelengths.

Ifyouarestandingat55°N,thestarPolarisappearsat

A.  35°abovethenorthernhorizonB.  ZenithC.  55°abovethesouthernhorizonD.  55°abovethenorthernhorizon

Ifyouarestandingat55°N,thestarPolarisappearsat

A.  35°abovethenorthernhorizonB.  ZenithC.  55°abovethesouthernhorizonD.  55°abovethenorthernhorizon

Galileo’sevidenceforaheliocentricmodelofoursolarsystemincluded:

A.  Observing4moonsorbiJngJupiter

B.  TheEarth’sseasonsC.  Thephasesofthemoon

D.  RetrogrademoJonoftheplanets

Galileo’sevidenceforaheliocentricmodelofoursolarsystemincluded:

A.  Observing4moonsorbiJngJupiter

B.  TheEarth’sseasonsC.  Thephasesofthemoon

D.  RetrogrademoJonoftheplanets

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutphotonsiscorrect?

A.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbythenumberofphotonspresentinthebeam.

B.Thewavelengthofeachphotondeterminesthebrightnessofthebeam.

C.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.

D.Thebrightnessofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutphotonsiscorrect?

A.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbythenumberofphotonspresentinthebeam.

B.Thewavelengthofeachphotondeterminesthebrightnessofthebeam.

C.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.

D.Thebrightnessofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.

AccordingtotheBohrtheory,lightemiUedbyatomsoriginatesfrom

A.photonsemiUeddirectlyfromthenucleus.

B. transiJonsofelectronsbetweendifferentenergylevelsintheatom.

C. collisionsbetweenatoms.

D.electronsemiUedfromthenucleus.

AccordingtotheBohrtheory,lightemiUedbyatomsoriginatesfrom

A.photonsemiUeddirectlyfromthenucleus.

B. transiJonsofelectronsbetweendifferentenergylevelsintheatom.

C. collisionsbetweenatoms.

D.electronsemiUedfromthenucleus.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefittousingareflecJvetelescopeoverarefracJvetelescope?

A.  NowavelengthdependenceB.  Morecompactdesign

C.  BeUermagnificaJonpower

D.  LesssizelimitaJons

WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefittousingareflecJvetelescopeoverarefracJvetelescope?

A.  NowavelengthdependenceB.  Morecompactdesign

C.  BeUermagnificaJonpower

D.  LesssizelimitaJons

Throughwhichofthefollowingmaterialsdoeslighttravelfastest?

A.glass

B. water

C. air

D.vacuum

Throughwhichofthefollowingmaterialsdoeslighttravelfastest?

A.glass

B. water

C. air

D.vacuum