Assistive Technologies:

Concepts, Methodologies, Tools,and Applications

Information Resources Management Association

IRMA, USA

Volume II

I Information Science I

REFERENCEAn Imprint of IGI Global

Table of Contents

Preface xxv

Volume I

Section 1

Fundamental Concepts and Theories

Thissection introduces readers to the currentstate ofthe art in thefieldofAssistive Technologies. Individuals with

physical and/or cognitive limitations require additional assistance to become active members ofsociety, which is

where modern technologies make their mark. This section covers the basic topics that will be discussedthroughoutthese three volumes, including human-computer interfaces, Information and Communication Technologies, and

e-accessibility. In the opening 16 chapters ofthis extensive reference source, readers will obtain a clear under¬

standing ofthefundamental concepts and theories integral to thefield ofAssistive Technologies.

Chapter 1

Assistive Technology: A Tool for Inclusion 1

Mary Spillane, Bellevue Public Schools, USA

Chapter 2

A Guide to Assistive Technology for Teachers in Special Education 12

Harris Wang, Athabasca University, Canada

Chapter 3

Communication Technology Integration in the Content Areas for Students with High-IncidenceDisabilities: A Case Study of One School System 26

Anna S. Evmenova, George Mason University, USA

Michael M. Behrmann, George Mason University, USA

Chapter 4

Accessibility Issues ofEducational Web Sites 54

Serhat Kurt, Ataturk University, Turkey

Chapter 5

An Overview ofAccessibility and Usability of Educational Games 63

Marion A. Hersh, University ofGlasgow, Scotland

Barbara Leporini, ISTI- CNR, Italy

Chapter 6

A Brief Survey on User Modelling in Human Computer Interaction 102

Pradipta Biswas, University ofCambridge, UK

Chapter 7

POMDP Models for Assistive TechnologyJesse Hoey, University of Waterloo, Canada

Pascal Poupart, University of Waterloo, Canada

Craig Boutilier, University of Toronto, Canada

Alex Mihailidis, University ofToronto, Canada

120

Chapter 8

Working Together with Computers: Towards a General Framework for Collaborative Human

Computer Interaction 141

UmaShanker Tiwary, Indian Institute ofInformation TechnologyAllahabad, India

Tanveer J. Siddiqui, University ofAllahabad, India

Chapter 9

Creating Synergies between Participatory Design ofE-Services and Collaborative Planning 163

Bridgette Wessels, Sheffield University, UK

Yvonne Dittrich, University ofCopenhagen, DenmarkAnnelie Ekelin, Blekinge Institute ofTechnology, Sweden

Sara Eriksen, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden

Chapter 10

Concepts for Enhancing Content Quality and eAccessibility: In General and in the Field of

eProcurement 180

Christian Galinski, International Information Centrefor Terminology (Infoterm), Austria

Helmut Beckmann, Heilbronn University, Germany

Chapter 11

Intellectual Disability, Identity, and the Internet 198

Darren D. Chadwick, University ofWolverhampton, UK

Chris Fullwood, University ofWolverhampton, UK

Caroline J. Wesson, University of Wolverhampton, UK

Chapter 12

Internet-Based Chronic Disease Self-Management for Youth 224

Jennifer Stinson, The Hospitalfor Sick Children, Canada

Navreet Gill, The Hospitalfor Sick Children, Canada

Chapter 13

Assistive Technologies, Tools and Resources for the Access and Use of Information and

Communication Technologies by People with Disabilities 246

Betania Groba, University ofA Coruna, SpainThais Pousada, University ofA Coruna, SpainLaura Nieto, University ofA Coruna, Spain

Chapter 14

Capacity Building for Different Abilities Using ICT 261

Ina Freeman, Rockford College, USA

Aiofe Freeman, University ofCalgary, Canada

Chapter 15

Assistive Technology and Rehabilitation Engineering 277

Andrew Y. J. Szeto, San Diego State University, USA

Chapter 16

A Model for Gaze Control Assessments and Evaluation 332

Eva Holmqvist, DART, Sweden

Margret Buchholz, DART, Sweden

Section 2

Tools and Technologies

This section builds on the information presented in thefirst section to provide readers with an understanding ofsome ofthe newest devices and instruments used as Assistive Technologies. Machines form the backbone ofAs¬sistive Technologies, and can often help to make impossible tasks manageablefor disabled users. Some of the

technologies explored in this section include mobile devices, speech recognition software, andprosthetics, among

others. With 15 chapters, this section offers a broad treatment ofsome ofthe many tools and technologies within

Assistive Technologies.

Chapter 17

In-TIC for Mobile Devices: Support System for Communication with Mobile Devices for the

Disabled 345

Cristina Diaz Busch, University ofA Coruna, SpainAlberto Moreiras Lorenzo, University ofA Coruna, SpainIvan Mourelos Sanchez, University ofA Coruna, SpainBetania Groba Gonzalez, University ofA Coruna, SpainThais Pousada Garcia, University ofA Coruna, SpainLaura Nieto Riveiro, University ofA Coruna, SpainJavier Pereira Loureiro, University ofA Coruna, Spain

Chapter 18

Sensors and their Application for Disabled and Elderly People 357

Jesus Tomas, Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainJaime Lloret, Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainDiana Bri, Polytechnic University ofValencia, SpainSandra Sendra, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain

Chapter 19

Touch Screens for the Elderly: Some Models and Methods, Prototypical Development and

Experimental Evaluation of Human-Computer Interaction Concepts for the Elderly 377

Holger Luczak, Aachen University ofTechnology, Germany

Christopher M. Schlick, Aachen University of Technology, GermanyNicole Jochems, Aachen University ofTechnology, GermanySebastian Vetter, Aachen University ofTechnology, GermanyBernhardKausch, Aachen University ofTechnology, Germany

Chapter 20

Aligning iPad Applications with Evidence-Based Practices in Inclusive and SpecialEducation 397

Therese Cumming, University ofNew South Wales, Australia

Cathi Draper Rodriguez, California State University - Monterey Bay, USA

Iva Strnadovd, University ofNew South Wales, Australia

Chapter 21

3D Assistive Technologies and Advantageous Themes for Collaboration and Blended

Learning ofUsers with Disabilities 421

Georgios Dafoulas, Middlesex University, UK

Noha Saleeb, Middlesex University, UK

Chapter 22

Reading by Listening: Access to Books in Audio Format for College Students with Print

Disabilities 454

Marni Gail Jones, Dickinson College, USA

Christopher L. Schwilk, Shippensburg University, USA

David F. Bateman, Shippensburg University, USA

Chapter 23

Automatic Speech Recognition to Enhance Learning for Disabled Students 478

Pablo Revuelta, Universidad Carlos 111 de Madrid, SpainJavier Jimenez, Universidad Carlos Hide Madrid, SpainJose M. Sanchez, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainBelen Ruiz, Universidad Carlos Hide Madrid, Spain

Chapter 24

Speech Disorders Recognition using Speech Analysis 494

Khaled Necibi, University ofAnnaba, AlgeriaHalima Bahi, University ofAnnaba, Algeria

ToufikSari, University ofAnnaba, Algeria

Chapter 25

Experiences Using a Free Tool for Voice Therapy based on Speech Technologies 508

William R. Rodriguez, Antonio Narino University, Colombia & University ofZaragoza, SpainOscar Saz, Carnegie Mellon University, USA & University ofZaragoza, SpainEduardo Lleida, University ofZaragoza, Spain

Chapter 26

Ways of ICT Usage among Mildly Intellectually Disabled Adolescents: Potential Risks and

Advantages 524

Piotr Plichta, The PedagogyAcademy in Lodz, Poland

Chapter 27

What Do You Do With a Digital Pen? 544

Judith K. Carlson, Rockhurst University, USA

Volume II

Chapter 28

Prosthetic and Orthotic Devices 549

Carlo A. Frigo, Politecnico di Milano, ItalyEsteban E. Pavan, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

Chapter 29

Motion Control ofan Omni-Directional Walker for Walking Support 614

Renpeng Tan, Kochi University of Technology, Japan

Shuoyu Wang, Kochi University ofTechnology, JapanYinlaiJiang, Kochi University of Technology, Japan

Kenji Ishida, Kochi University, JapanMasakatsu G. Fujie, Waseda University, Japan

Chapter 30

Wheelchairs as Assistive Technology: What a Special Educator Should Know

JudyL. Carroll, University ofNebraska Medical Center, USA

623

Chapter 31

DeepKover: An Adaptive Intelligent Assistance System for Monitoring Impaired People in

Smart Homes 634

Mehdi Najjar, University ofMoncton, Canada & University ofSherbrooke, Canada

Frangois Courtemanche, University ofMontreal, Canada

Habib Hamam, University ofMoncton, Canada

Alexandre Dion, University ofSherbrooke, Canada

Jeremy Bauchet, TELECOM-SudParis, France

Andre Mayers, University ofSherbrooke, Canada

Section 3

Utilization and Application

This section describes some ofthe various uses ofthe Assistive Technologies examined in the previous two sec¬

tions. Technologies are only as useful as the methods used to apply them, and innovations in the application ofassistive devices have long helpedto improvequality oflifefor individuals withphysical and cognitive limitations.

Inparticular, this section describes technologies used in assistedliving, early childhood education, and rehabili¬

tation. The 15 chapters in this section provide an in-depth examination ofthe utilization and application ofthe

fundamentalprinciples ofAssistive Technologies.

Chapter 32Assistive Technologies in Smart Homes 663

Tatsuya Yamazaki, National Institute ofInformation and Communications Technology, Japan

Chapter 33

Ubiquitous Computing for Independent Living 679

Neil W. Bergmann, University ofQueensland, Australia

Chapter 34

E-Health and Telemedicine in the Elderly: State of the Art 693

Haria Mazzanti, Centro di Telemedicina, ItalyAlessandro Maolo, Centro di Telemedicina, Italy

Roberto Antonicelli, Centro di Telemedicina, Italy

Chapter 35

Telegerontology®: A New Technological Resource for Elderly Support 705

Jose C. Milldn-Calenti, University ofA Coruha, SpainAna Maseda, University ofA Coruna, Spain

Chapter 36Nascent Access Technologies for Individuals with Severe Motor Impairments 720

Sarah Power, University ofToronto, Canada

Saba Moghimi, University ofToronto, Canada

Brian Nhan, University ofToronto, Canada

TomChau, University ofToronto, Canada

Chapter 37RACEMGame for PC for Use as Rehabilitation Therapy for Children with Psychomotor

Disability and Results of its Application 740

Brenda Flores Muro, UniversidadAutonoma de Coahuila, Mexico

Eduardo Cesar Contreras Delgado, UniversidadAutonoma de Coahuila, Mexico

Chapter 38

An Overview on the Use ofSerious Games in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation 758

Tiago Martins, University ofMinho, PortugalVitor Carvalho, University ofMinho, Portugal & PolytechnicInstitute ofCdvado andAve, PortugalFilomena Soares, University ofMinho, Portugal

Chapter 39

Teaching Executive Functions, Self-Management, and Ethical Decision-Making through

Popular Videogame Play 771

Randy Kulman, LearningWorksfor Kids, USA

GaryStoner, University ofRhode Island, USA

Louis Ruffolo, University ofRhode Island, USA

Stephanie Marshall, University ofRhode Island, USA

Jennifer Slater, University ofRhode Island, USA

Amanda Dyl, University ofRhode Island, USA

Alice Cheng, University ofRhode Island, USA

Chapter 40

Collaborative Virtual Learning for Assisting Children with Cerebral Palsy 786

Nia Valeria, Swinburne University of Technology, MalaysiaMarlene Valerie Lu, Swinburne University ofTechnology, MalaysiaLauBee Theng, Swinburne University ofTechnology, Malaysia

Chapter 41

Embodied Conversational Agents in Interactive Applications for Children with SpecialEducational Needs 811

Beatrix Lopez Mencia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, SpainDavid Diaz Pardo, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, SpainAlvaro Hernandez Trapote, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, SpainLuis A. Hernandez Gomez, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain

Chapter 42

Computer Interventions for Children with Disabilities: Review of Research and Practice 841

Robert D. Tennyson, University ofMinnesota, USA

Chapter 43

Affect-Sensitive Computing and Autism 865

Karla Conn Welch, University ofLouisville, USA

Uttama Lahiri, Vanderbilt University, USA

Nilanjan Sarkar, Vanderbilt University, USA

Zachary Warren, Vanderbilt University, USA

Wendy Stone, Vanderbilt University, USA

Changchun Liu, The MathWorks, USA

Chapter 44

Accessibility and Usability Issues 884

Eugene Monaco, University atAlbany, State University ofNew York, USA

Stephen Lackey, University at Albany, State University ofNew York, USA

Edward Skawinski, University at Albany, State University ofNew York, USA

Rebecca Stanley, University atAlbany, State University ofNew York, USA

Carol Day Young, University at Albany, State University ofNew York, USA

Chapter 45

Electronic Voting by Means of Digital Terrestrial Television: The Infrastructure, SecurityIssues and a Real Test-Bed 905

Roberto Caldelli, University ofFlorence, Italy

Rudy Becarelli, University ofFlorence, ItalyFrancesco Filippini, University ofFlorence, Italy

Francesco Picchioni, University ofFlorence, ItalyRiccardo Giorgetti, University ofFlorence, Italy

Chapter 46

IDTVOS: An INTECO Open Innovation Success Case 916

Raul Riesco Granadino, INTECO, SpainJavier Alfonso Cendon, INTECO, Spain

Section 4

Critical Issues

This section analyzes the impact ofAssistive Technologies, both in terms ofpotential benefits andpossible dis¬

advantages to users. As with any advanced technology, there are dangers associated with the misuse or overuse

ofassistive devices, and it takes a critical evaluation to determine the best way to utilize such technologies. This

section examines haptic-guidance systems, infraredgaze control devices, andthe implementation ofsuch technolo¬

gies in bothprofessional and educational settings. In this section, 13 chapters explore some ofthe critical issues

driving advances in Assistive Technologies.

Chapter 47

The Impact of International Management on Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in the

Workforce 932

George S. Mouzakitis, Educational Organization e-DEKA, Greece

Despoina Goutou, Educational Organization e-DEKA, Greece

Chapter 48

Supporting Unskilled People in Manual Tasks through Haptic-Based Guidance 947

Mario Covarrubias, Politecnico di Milano, ItalyMonica Bordegoni, Politecnico di Milano, ItalyUmberto Cugini, Politecnico di Milano, ItalyElia Gatti, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

Chapter 49

Using Myoelectric Signals to Manipulate Assisting Robots and Rehabilitation Devices 970

Mohammadreza Asghari-Oskoei, University ofEssex, UK

Huosheng Hu, University ofEssex, UK

Chapter 50

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Devices: The Voices ofAdult Users 991

Martine Smith, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

Janice Murray, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK

Chapter 51

Voice/Speech Recognition Software: A Discussion ofthe Promise for Success and Practical

Suggestions for Implementation 1005

Andrew Kitchenham, University ofNorthern British Columbia, Canada

Doug Bowes, SET-BC, Canada

Chapter 52

Evaluation ofWeb Accessibility: A Combined Method 1012

Sergio Lujdn-Mora, University ofAlicante, SpainFiras Masri, University ofAlicante, Spain

Chapter 53

Eye Movements and Attention 1030

Fiona Mulvey, IT University ofCopenhagen, Denmark

Michael Heubner, Technische Universitdt Dresden, Germany

Chapter 54

Features of Gaze Control Systems 1055

Mick Donegan, ACE Centre, UK

Chapter 55

Safety Issues and Infrared Light 1062

Fiona Mulvey, IT University ofCopenhagen, Denmark

Arantxa Villanueva, Public University ofNavarre, SpainDavid Sliney, CIE International Commission on Illumination, USA

Robert Lange, Technical University ofDresden, GermanyMichael Donegan, ACE Centre, UK

Chapter 56

Assistive ICT and Young Disabled Persons: Opportunities and Obstacles in Identity

Negotiations 1084

Sylvia Soderstrom, Sor-Trondelag University College, Norway

Chapter 57

On the Use of Speech Technologies to Achieve Inclusive Education for People with

Intellectual Disabilities 1106

Ana Perez Perez, University ofGranada, Spain

Zoraida Callejas Carrion, University ofGranada, SpainRamon Lopez-Cozar Delgado, University ofGranada, SpainDavid Griol Barres, Carlos III University ofMadrid, Spain

Volume III

Chapter 58

Supports for and Barriers to Implementing Assistive Technology in Schools 1118

Susanne Croasdaile, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Sharon Jones, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Kelly Ligon, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Linda Oggel, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Mona Pruett, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Chapter 59

Instructional Design in Digital Environments and Availability ofMental Resources 1131

Renae Low, The University ofNew South Wales, Australia

PutaiJin, The University ofNew South Wales, Australia

John Sweller, The University ofNew South Wales, Australia

Section 5

Organizational and Social Implications

This section examines Assistive Technologies with respect to how they impact the lives ofintellectually andphysi¬cally disabled individuals. Perhaps more so than any otherfield, Assistive Technologies carry an intrinsic human

element, and the effectiveness ofany assistive device is inextricably linkedto thesuccess ofits users. The chaptersin this sectionfocus primarily on technologies used in an educational setting, more specifically, communication

devices, virtual learning environments, and didactic games. In these 16 chapters, readers willfind an in-depthdiscussion on some ofthe mostpressing organizational and social implications ofAssistive Technologies.

Chapter 60

Web-Based Experimentation for Students with Learning Disabilities 1156

Venkata Chivukula, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA

Michael Shur, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA

Chapter 61

Accessibility Implementation for Disabled Students in PMBOLD Environments 1173

Henry C. Alphin Jr., Drexel University, USA

Chapter 62

Assistive Technology in Higher Education 1196

Susan B. Asselin, Virginia Tech, USA

Chapter 63

Mental Health, Post-Secondary Education, and Information Communications Technology 1209

Jenny Martin, RMTT University, Australia

Elspeth McKay, RMTT University, Australia

Chapter 64

Coping with Accessibility and Usability Challenges of Online Technologies by Blind Students

in Higher Education 1227

Samuel Muwanguzi, University ofNorth Texas, USA

Lin Lin, University ofNorth Texas, USA

Chapter 65

Lecture Capture as a Tool to Enhance Student Accessibility: A Canadian Case Study 1245

Susan Vajoczki, McMaster University, Canada

Susan Watt, McMaster University, Canada

Chapter 66

Improving Cognitive Load on Students with Disabilities through Software Aids 1255

Ruben Gonzalez Crespo, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, SpainOscar Sanjuan Martine, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain

Juan Manuel Cueva Lovelle, Universidad de Oviedo, SpainB. Cristina Pelayo Garcia-Bustelo, Universidad de Oviedo, SpainVicente Garcia Diaz, Universidad de Oviedo, SpainPatricia Ordonez de Pablos, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain

Chapter 67

Technology and Literacy for Students with Disabilities 1269

Anya S. Evmenova, George Mason University, USA

Margaret E. King-Sears, George Mason University, USA

Chapter 68

Towards the Use ofDialog Systems to Facilitate Inclusive Education 1292

DavidGriol Barres, Carlos III University ofMadrid, SpainZoraida Callejas Carrion, University ofGranada, SpainJose M. Molina Lopez, Carlos III University ofMadrid, SpainAraceli Sanchis de Miguel, Carlos III University ofMadrid, Spain

Chapter 69

Criteria of Development ofAdaptive Didactic Games for People with Intellectual

Disability 1313

Eduardo Cesar Contreras Delgado, UniversidadAutonoma de Coahuila, Mexico

Isis Ivette Contreras Gonzalez, UniversidadAutonoma de Coahuila, Mexico

Chapter 70

Technology to Facilitate the General Education Curriculum 1332

Cindy K. Sherman, University ofMaryland, College Park, USA

Susan De La Paz, University ofMaryland, College Park, USA

Chapter 71

A Parent's Guide to Support Technologies for Preschool Students with Disabilities 1340

Laura Baylot Casey, The University ofMemphis, USA

Robert L. Williamson, Bowling Green State University, USA & The University ofMemphis, USA

Chapter 72

Enabling Context Aware Services in the Area ofAAC 1357

Lau Sian Lun, University ofKassel, GermanyKlaus David, University ofKassel, Germany

Chapter 73

Assistive Technologies and Environmental Design Concepts for Blended Learning and

Teaching for Disabilities within 3D Virtual Worlds and Learning Environments 1382

Noha Saleeb, Middlesex University, UK

Georgios Dafoulas, Middlesex University, UK

Chapter 74

Conversational Metabots for Educational Applications in Virtual Worlds 1405

DavidGriol, University Carlos Hide Madrid, Spain

Zoraida Callejas, University ofGranada, SpainRamon Lopez-Cozar, University ofGranada, Spain

Chapter 75

A Face Based Real Time Communication for Physically and Speech Disabled People 1434

Ong Chin Ann, Swinburne University ofTechnology, MalaysiaMarlene Valerie Lu, Swinburne University of Technology, MalaysiaLau Bee Theng, Swinburne University ofTechnology, Malaysia

Section 6

Emerging Trends

This section details some ofthe latest developments inAssistive Technologies—innovative software and tools that

enable disabled individuals tofunction independently in society. With so many recent advances in technologies to

make everyday lives more convenient, it is only natural that these same technologies be applied toward makingthe lives ofimpairedpersons more manageable. Facial recognition software, brain-computer interfaces, robotic

assistants, andsmart homes are onlysome ofthe technologies describedin this section. Thefinal 13 chapters ofthisextensive 3-volumereference conclude with a detailedlook at emergingtrends inthefieldofAssistive Technologies.

Chapter 76

Facial Muscle Activity Patterns for Recognition ofUtterances in Native and Foreign Language:Testing for its Reliability and Flexibility 1462

SridharArjunan, RMIT University, Australia

Dinesh Kumar, RMIT University, Australia

Hans Weghorn, Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University, Germany

GaneshNaik, RMIT University, Australia

Chapter 77

Fuzzy Linguistic Modelling in Multi Modal Human Computer Interaction: Adaptation to

Cognitive Styles using Multi Level Fuzzy Granulation Method 1481

IlhamN. Huseyinov, European University ofLefke, Turkey

Chapter 78

Model-Based Approaches for Scanning Keyboard Design: Present State and Future

Directions 1497

Samit Bhattacharya, Indian Institute ofTechnology Guwahati, India

Chapter 79

A Review ofCurrent Approaches of Brain Computer Interfaces 1516

Lochi Yu, Escuela de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San Jose,

Costa Rica

Cristian Urena, Escuela de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro,

San Jose, Costa Rica

Chapter 80

Brain-Machine Interface Using Brain Surface Electrodes: Real-Time Robotic Control and a

Fully Implantable Wireless System 1535

Masayuki Hirata, Osaka University Medical School, Japan

Takufumi Yanagisawa, Osaka University Medical School, Japan

Kojiro Matsushita, Osaka University Medical School, JapanHisato Sugata, Osaka University Medical School, Japan

Yukiyasu Kamitani, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Japan

Takafumi Suzuki, National Institute ofInformation and Communications Technology, JapanHiroshi Yokoi, The University ofTokyo, JapanTetsu Goto, Osaka University Medical School, JapanMorris Shayne, Osaka University Medical School, JapanYouichi Saitoh, Osaka University Medical School, JapanHaruhiko Kishima, Osaka University Medical School, JapanMitsuo Kawato, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, JapanToshiki Yoshimine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan

Chapter 81

Brain-Computer Interfaces and Visual Activity 1549

Carmen Vidaurre, Berlin Institute ofTechnology, GermanyAndrea Ktibler, Universitdt Wiirzburg, GermanyMichael Tangermann, Berlin Institute ofTechnology, GermanyKlaus-Robert Mailer, Berlin Institute ofTechnology, GermanyJose delR Milldn, Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology Lausanne, Switzerland

Chapter 82

Listening to Images: Exploring Alternate Access to a Digital Collection 1571

Kathleen C. Lonbom, Illinois State University, USA

Chapter 83

Unconstrained Walking Plane to Virtual Environment for Non-Visual Spatial Learning 1580

Kanubhai K Patel, Ahmedabad University, India

Sanjay Kumar Vij, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute ofTechnology, India

Chapter 84

Design ofand Experimentation with a Walking Assistance Robot 1600

Zhang Lixun, Harbin Engineering University, China

Bai Dapeng, Harbin Engineering University, China

Yi Lei, Harbin Engineering University, China

Chapter 85

State-of-the-Art Assistive Technology for People with Dementia 1606

Clifton Phua, Institutefor Infocomm Research, SingaporePatrice Claude Roy, Sherbrooke University, Canada

HamdiAloulou, Institutefor Infocomm Research, Singapore

Jit Biswas, Institutefor Infocomm Research, SingaporeAndrei Tolstikov, Institutefor Infocomm Research, Singapore

Victor Siang-Fook Foo, Institutefor Infocomm Research, Singapore

Aung-Phyo-WaiAung, Institutefor Infocomm Research, SingaporeWeimin Huang, Institutefor Infocomm Research, SingaporeMohamedAli Feki, Alcatel-Lucent Bell-Labs, Belgium

Jayachandran Maniyeri, Institutefor Infocomm Research, SingaporeAlvin Kok-Weng Chu, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore

DuanguiXu, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore

Chapter 86

The LiveAbility House: A Collaborative Adventure in Discovery Learning 1626

Sarah D. Kirby, North Carolina State University, USA

Debra M. Sellers, Kansas State University, USA

Chapter 87

Interactivating Rehabilitation through Active Multimodal Feedback and Guidance 1650

Bert Bongers, University of Technology, Australia

Stuart Smith, Prince ofWales Medical Research Institute, Australia

Chapter 88

New Communication Technologies for Inclusive Education in and outside the Classroom 1675

Ana Iglesias, UniversidadCarlos Hide Madrid, SpainBelen Ruiz-Mezcua, Universidad Carlos Hide Madrid, SpainJuan Francisco Lopez, Spanish Centre ofCaptioning andAudio Description, Spain

Diego Carrero Figueroa, Spanish Centre ofCaptioning and Audio Description, Spain

Index xxviii