KSXU™ PHILIPPINES Terminal Report • • • • * - • • • • • ^ — ^

Assistance to the College of Engineering for the Establishment of the National Engineering College

Project Findings and Recommendations

Serial No. FMR/SC/OPS/85 /250 (UNDP)

United Nations Educational, United Nations Scientific and Development Cultural Organization Programme

Paris, 1985

P H I L I P P I N E S

ASSISTANCE TO THE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING CENTRE

Project Findings and Recommendations

Report prepared for the Government of the Philippines by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) acting as Executing Agency for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

United Nations Educational, United Nations Scientific and Cultural Development Organization Programme

UNDP/PHI/77/007 Terminal Report FMR/SC/OPS/85/250(UNDP) 12 September 1985

© Unesco 1985 Printed in France

TABLE OP CONTENTS

OBJECTIVES AND LOGIC OP THE PROJECT 1-3

A. Development objectives 1 B. Immediate objectives 1-2 C. Logic of project 2 - 3

ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT AND OUTPUTS PRODUCED 3-6

A. Consultant missions 4 B. Faculty fellowships 4 - 5 C. Short training study tours 5 D. Seminars/workshops 6 E. Equipment 6 P. Government inputs 6

ACHIEVEMENT OP IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVES 6-8

UTILIZATION OP PROJECT RESULTS 8-9

LINKS WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS/AGENCIES AND INDUSTRY 9-10

ASSESSMENT 10 - 11

RECOMMENDATIONS

ANNEX A - Unesco Consultants 13

ANNEX B - Consultant missions carried out under

preparatory assistance 14 — 15

ANNEX C - Fellowships 16 - 17

ANNEX D - Short training/Study tours 18 - 19

ANNEX E - List of seminars, workshops and short

courses conducted by NEC 20 - 25

ANNEX P - Equipment list 26 - 29

ANNEX G - Areas of NEC and UPCE technical expertise 30 - 32

ANNEX H - Institutional networks of which UPCE is a member 33 - 34

ANNEX I - Proposal to establish a Central Machine Shop 3 5 - 4 4

PHl/77/007 - Assistance to the College of Engineering for the Establishment of the National Engineering Centre

TERMINAL REPORT

I. OBJECTIVES AND LOGIC OP THE PROJECT

A* Development objectives

1. Presidential Decree No. 1295 of 27 January 1978 established the National Engineering Center (NEC) within the University of the Philippines at Diliman, Quezon City. Its objectives were set out as follows:

a. To meet the urgent needs of engineering schools and industry for professionals with advanced training in engineering.

b. To develop innovative educational programmes, teaching materials and methods of instruction specifically designed for the Philippine setting which may serve as models for other engineering schools.

c. To provide a pool of technical experts to which public and private entities may turn for assistance in the solution of their engineering problems.

d. To develop technologies that utilize local resources and which are adapted to the needs of a developing country.

e. To identify technology-oriented ecological problems and to support studies aimed at their solutions.

2. The attainment of these objectives is making an important contribution to the country's economic and social development by upgrading engineering man­power for industry and through the development of indigenous technologies for a better utilization of native resources and the safeguarding of the environment«

B. Immediate objectives

3» The immediate objectives of the project are:

a. To strengthen the university of the Philippines College of Engineering (UPCE) to better fulfill its role as the leading institution of the establishment of the NEC by: (i) upgrading the level of the teaching staff and facilities of the UPCE; and (ii) developing in the staff of UPCE capability in engineering design (with practical orientation);

b. To create a pool of leaders of engineering education who will then develop the necessary curricula and methodology for the engineering education in the Philippines;

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c. To upgrade the level of engineers now serving in industry and governmental research establishments by training abroad who will on their return, join the staff of the NEC;

d. To assist NEC to establish links with public and private industrial research establishments within the country; and

e. To develop R and D capabilities at NEC to be better equipped in finding solutions to local industrial problems,

C. Logic of project

4« The NEC is conceived as an interface between industry and education. While affording engineering educators an opportunity for research and development (R&D) work and, through it, academic upgrading, it equally provides engineers and technologists in industry with an opportunity to solve their R&D problems through collaboration with NEC staff and possible temporary detachment to the NEC. In this way, and through the holding of courses and seminars, practising engineers and technologists will be kept abreast of the latest advances in their fields«

5» Through the development of technologies appropriate to the country's stage of development, its geographical, social and cultural circumstances and its resources, NEC can contribute to a greater self-sufficiency and better satisfaction of the basic needs of the population. At the same time, it will work to conserve the natural environment for the benefit of future generations.

6. It is well recognized that technology plays a critical role in the economic development of any country. The success of development programmes in the areas of industry, agriculture, transportation and communication depends largely on the effective utilization of technology. Because of this, one of the most important efforts of the government has been to restructure higher education to be more in tune with the developmental needs of the nation.

7* The engineering manpower development in the Philippines has been mainly concerned with the training of engineers at the B.S. degree level. Presently, there are 125 colleges and universities that offer professional engineering programmes in 16 separate engineering disciplines. The rapid growth of interest in engineering education is reflected by the fact that, in 1969, there were only 79 institutions offering engineering programmes. In the year 1971-72, engineering enrolment was 61,000 and the number of graduates was 4|800. In 1975-76, however, there were 98,000 engineering students and 7f000 graduates, representing increases of 61 and 46 percent, respectively. But, the rapid proliferation of engineering schools and programmes has not been accompanied by commensurate improvement in quality. Although the supply of engineering graduates slightly exceeds the demand for professionally qualified engineers, the demand for well-trained professional engineers far exceeds the available supply. Also, the reason perhaps why many technological developments have not found their way into local engineering practice is a lack of awareness of these developments.

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8. The supply of the country's high-quality technical manpower must be increased and its involvement in the development-oriented technical activities must he expanded. To ensure the effective implementation of the Government's effort for this purpose, the U.P. College of Engineering has "been asked to function in close collaboration with NEC which has been established in the University of the Philippines.

9* The U.P. College of Engineering cannot be expected to undertake all the responsibilities recently assigned to it, without providing help to increase the competence of its junior faculty members. Prior to the implementation of this project, a gap exists between the training levels of the senior and junior faculty members of the College. Most of the senior faculty members (Professor and Associate Professor levels) have had their graduate education at the M.S. and Ph.D. levels from some of the best universities in the world. This is in fact one of the primary reasons for the maintenance of superior quality engineering education at U.P. This gap had been substantially minimized by the UNDP assistance. The UNDP assistance provided 33. faculty fellowships (25 M.S. and 8 Ph.D.). The activities and outputs of the project are discussed in the succeeding section.

II. ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT AND OUTPUTS PRODUCED

10. The activities carried out are summarized in Table 1.

Table 1

Activity

A. Consultant Missions

B. Faculty Fellowships

C. Short Training/Study Tour

D. Seminar/Workshops

E. Equipment

F. Physical Facilities

UNDP Input

US$ 92,973

US$ 980,658

US$ 67,572

government Input

US$433,519

'A continuing activity of NEC. Some are government-supported and some are self-supporting.

US$360,000**

SI 3,309,320

Based on the Revised Budget dated 17 May, 1984

ADB/feDPITAF Engineering Education Project

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A. Consultant missions (see Annex B)

11. A mission "by a Unesco consultant for three weeks was carried out under the preparatory assistance during which he helped the UPCE and the NEC conduct a survey of existing capabilities and the needs of industry and research establishments in the field of high level technical manpower. Six other consultant missions totalling 12 man-months were provided under the full operational phase of the project for the purpose of holding seminars and assisting in the selection of the most suitable equipment for graduate training and research.

12. It will be noted from the project document that data communication is one of the areas of specialization for the consultant missions. However, this was changed to building materials after reviewing the needs of NEC and its involvement in research. It will be further noted that 12 man-months were utilized out of the 13 man-months provided in the project. Some of the consultants were only available for one month.

13* The project management found the consultants to be very helpful and cooperative. They had provided the assistance as envisaged by the project. The project management expresses its appreciation to Unesco for identifying and contacting the right persons to carry out the consultant missions.

B. Faculty Fellowships (M.S. and Ph.D.)

14» This activity constitutes the major component of the project. The purpose is to strengthen the UPCE by upgrading the level of the teaching staff and developing in the staff of the UPCE capability in engineering design. The project provided a total of 33 fellowships: 25 for M.S. and 8 for Ph.D. The output of this activity is summarized in Table 2. The names and fields of study.of the fellows are given in Appendix C»

Table 2

Number of M.S. and Ph.D. produced by the project

Department M.S. Ph.D. Total Remarks

Chemical Engineering 2 1 3 All completed; Cafleba continuing towards Ph.D. with no more UNDP support

Civil Engineering 3 1 4 All completed; Borja is expected to return this September, 1984»

Eleotricial Engineering 3 2 5 All completed.

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Table 2 (continued)

Department M.S. Ph.D. Total Remarks

Engineering Sciences 5 — 5 All completed except Saquing who is expected to finish at the end of 1984.

Geodetic Engineering 1 1 2 Paderes, Ph.D. fellow, is completing programme with no more UNDP support.

Industrial Engineering 3 1 4 All completed except de Matta, Ph.D. Expected completion in December1 1985»

Mechanical Engineering 4 1 5 All completed.

Mining & Metallurgy 3 2 5 All completed except Sarreal and Cowper. Cowper is finishing programme with no more UNDP support.

Only one fellow (de Matta) Total: 24 9 33 will remain under UNDP

assistance in 1985

15» It will be noted that while there are 24 M.S. produced, one less than what was originally planned, the project will produce 9 Ph.D.s exceeding the original plan by one. The total remains at 33»

C. Short training study tours (see Annex D)

16. The purpose of this activity is to enable senior staff members to make or renew contacts with sister institutions and study recent advances in engineering education. A total of 22 man-months were provided for this purpose. 13 man-months had been used as summarized in Annex D. The implementation of some of the study tours was postponed to provide savings which may be used to support the extension of some of the faculty fellows. This was agreed in the 1983 tripartite review. UNDP informed the project management that there is still an amount that can support three study tours of one month each which can be implemented in 1985*

17. It will be noted that the recipients of the study tours are occupying positions which can directly influence the adoption of innovative approaches in engineering education and research. As envisaged, they are senior staff members who are in a position to make or renew contacts with their counterparts in other institutions. Efforts will be made to strengthen the links that have been established as well as to promote further links for cooperative programmes in areas of mutual interest.

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D. Seminars/workshops

Id. The holding of seminars/workshops as part of the continuing education programme of UPCB and NEC will be a continuing activity. The NEC has "been conducting multi-sectoral dialogues with the industrial and government sectors for the purpose of identifying these problems and needs. The topics covered in the seminars, workshops and short courses are designed to meet these needs.

19» Appendix E gives a list of seminars/workshops and short courses conducted by NEC.

E. Equipment

20. The project provided US$ 440,000 worth of equipment to upgrade the research facilities. Some of the laboratories are not equipped to handle researches involving precision instrumentation. The acquisition of research equipment through the UNDP project has improved this capability. Additional equipment worth US$ 360,000 was acquired during the lifetime of the project through the EDPITAP/ADB Engineering Education Project.

21. The equipment which was purchased under the UNDP project is listed in Appendix F.

P. Government inputs

22. The Government provided the buildings, facilities and staff for the project. The corresponding expenditure is about P 13,309,320 covering the Government contribution in kind.

23. The NEC building was completed in I98O at a cost of about S 10 million. It has a floor area of 7,000 square metres distributed on four floors. The TLA laboratory building was expanded at a cost of about F 3 million. It is expected to be completed in September 1984. The engineering shops, electrical engineering power laboratory, electronics laboratory and the materials testing laboratory will be relocated to this new building.

III. ACHIEVEMENT OP IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVES

24. The return of the fellows after successfully completing their graduate programmes abroad has strengthened the teaching and research staff of the U.P. College of Engineering. This increases UPCE»s capability to provide NEC with a pool of experts to carry out NEC's development objectives. As summarized in Table 2, the final output of the faculty fellowship programme is 24 M.S. and 9 Ph.D. This has not only increased the number of faculty members with advanced degrees but also has built up faculty strength in several areas. These are reflected in Table 3 and Table 4.

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Table 3

Faculty profile before and after project

Department

Chemical

Civil

Electrical

Engineering Sc*

Geodetic

Industrial

Mechanical

Metallurgy and Mining

Total:

B.S.

1

2

5 12

5 5 4

3

37

M.S

3 5 4 4 2

2

2

1

23

197Ö

. Ph.D.

4 3 3 2

2

1

4

2

21

Total

8

10

12

18

9 8 10

6

81

Table 4

B.S.

2

1

3

7

3 2

4

2

24

1984

M.S.

3 7 7 8

5 6

4

3

43

Breakdown of UNDP Fellowships by field

Department /field

Ph.D.

5 3 6 2

2

-

5

5

28

M.S.

Total

10

11

16

17

10

8

13

10

95

Ph.D.

Chemical Biochemical Process dynamics Petrochemical

Civil Foundation Construction management Transportation

Electrical Power system Data communication Electronic circuit design Microcomputer application

1 1

1 2

1 1 1 1

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Table 4 (continued)

Department/field M.S. Ph.D.

Geodetic Photogrammetry 1 Geodesy 1

Industrial Management science 1 Systems engineering 2 Information science 1

Mechanical Machine design 1 1 Fuels and combustion 1 Hydraulic machinery 1 Tools and die design 1

Mining and metallurgy Electro metallurgy 1 Process metallurgy 1 Minerals engineering 1 Materials science 1 Engineering economics 1

Engineering sciences Computer science 3 Water resources 1 Hydraulic engineering 1

Total: 24 9

IV. UTILIZATION OP PROJECT RESULTS

25. The services of the National Engineering Center are delivered through three main vehicles: Research and Extension, Continuing Education and Publications and Information Services. The faculty of the U.P. College of Engineering is involved in the delivery of these services. The NEC Project Development Staff is composed of the following:

Professor Nestor 0. Rañeses, Head Professor Angel P. Caringal Professor Ferdinand G. Manegdeg Professor Miguel T. Escoto, Jr. Dr. Manuel 7. Hernandez, Jr. Mr. Eugenio M. Gonzales

All the six staff members are UPCE faculty and the first five, in the list were UNDP fellows under the project.

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26. Listed in Annex G are some areas wherein the NEC and UPCE possess technical expertise.

27« Two academic programmes at UPCE which were instituted during the lifetime of the UNDP project are the Bachelor*s Degree in Computer Science and the M.S. and Ph.D. Degree in Energy Engineering. The Computer Science programme was started in June 1982, and the Energy programme in June 1983. The UNDP assistance has contributed to the institution of these programmes. Three fellows who finished their M.S. in Computer Science under the project are involved in the implementation of the Computer Science programme. In addition, UPCE was able to acquire a number of micro-computers which are now used by the faculty and students. The acquisition of research equipment in the field of energy as well as the return of our fellows in energy—related fields strengthened capability and enabled the Energy Graduate Programme to be instituted. The Philippine Council for Industry and Energy Research and Development (PCIERD) and the Bureau of Energy Development (BED) have extended additional assistance to the Energy programme. The PCIERD project is a ten-year programme, 1983—1992, while the BED project is a three-year programme, I984-IS86. The PCIERD support includes local Ph.D. fellowships in Energy Engineering, library books and materials and some equipment. In addition, PCIERD is also assisting UPCE in developing its capability to offer Ph.D. programmes in Machine Design, Process Design, Process Equipment Design, Materials Science, and Instrumentation and Control. The BED assistance includes visiting consultants, support for graduate student research and internship, and short courses and seminars.

V. LINKS WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS/AGENCIES AND INDUSTRY

28. Links with industry and government institutions/agencies are being established to enhance the delivery of NEC services. NEC has links with the following:

Ministry of Industry and Trade (Deputy Minister i¡3 member of NEC Advisory Board)

Ministry of Public Works and Highways (Deputy Minister is member of NEC Advisory Board)

Ministry of Transportation and Communications (Minister is Chairman of TTC Advisory Board)

Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (The Technical Panel for Engineering Education holds office at the NEC and the NEC Executive Director is Vice-Chairman of the Panel)

National Science and Technology Authority

Philippine Council for Industry and Energy Research and Development

National Research Council of the Philippines

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Ministry of Energy

Bureau of Energy Development

Bureau of Energy Utilization

Energy Research and Development Center

National Power Corporation

Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System

National Water Resources Council

Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Engineering Schools particularly the twenty participating schools in the EDPITAP/ADB Engineering Education Project.

29. UPCE has recently entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Energy Research and Development Center (ERDC) of the Philippine National Oil Company for mutual cooperation and sharing of resources (human and physical facilities). Under this agreement, ERDC laboratories and shops may he used for student projects, internship purposes and masteral and doctoral theses of energy engineering students. UPCE laboratories, shops and libraries will likewise be made available to ERDC personnel who need to conduct technical tests and gain specific technical information. Upon request by UPCE, ERDC may allow its qualified staff members to teach selected subjects to impart expertise and at the same time gain updated information on new developments in their respective fields. Likewise, upon request by ERDC, UPCE faculty and other technical staff may be allowed to render advising and consultancy services for specific projects implemented by ERDC. . Similar agreements for cooperative exchange are initiated with some industries.

30. Links with foreign institutions were also established. UPCE is a member of three institutional networks (see Annex H).

VI. ASSESSMENT

a. The immediate objectives of the project have been achieved.

b. The project has strengthened UPCE's capability to provide NEC with a pool of experts to carry out NEC1s development objectives. The faculty fellowship programme has not only increased the number of faculty members with advanced degrees, but has also built up faculty strength in several areas.

c. The project enabled UPCE and NEC to institute new programmes to meet the needs of government and industry. Examples of these are the computer science and energy engineering programmes.

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d. The project has generated further support for the graduate training and research programmes of UPCE and NEC. Examples of these are the PCIERD and BED/USAID-supported projects.

e. Formal links for cooperative exchange with industry and other government institutions/agencies have been initiated. The response is encouraging.

f• International cooperative links have also been established.

g. The project has definitely exerted an influence on engineering education, research and development. The possibilities of the future are great for engineering education, research and development to be important factors in the development of the resources of the country.

VII. RECOMMENDATIONS

i) The revised project budget as of 17 May 1984 reflects a saving of US$ 94|193« It is recommended that the amount be used to purchase additional research equipment in support of the research programmes of the UNDP fellows. After the return of the fellows, some of them need additional research equipment to carry out their research activities. Such items were not imputed to the list of equipment that was purchased because it was prepared, and the equipment acquired, during the first two years of the project and some of the fellows have not yet returned. This request was already submitted to the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA).

ii) Assistance for the establishment of a central machine shop (see Annex I ) which will strengthen the Engineering ShopVs capability of providing services in fabricating research equipment is also recommended. This was one of the recommendations of Dr. Alp Esin who was the Unesco consultant on laboratory design. Such a machine shop would provide the facilities for fabricating research equipment and/or equipment components, thus minimizing dependence on imported ones. Estimated amount » US$ 63,030 (198O figures).

iii) If funds are available, a supplementary Ph.D. fellowship assistance to further strengthen capability in some priority areas is desirable. The following areas are recommended:

Field Number of 1 Ph.D. fellowships requested

Machine design 2 Materials science 2 Instrumentation and control 2 Process design 2 Process equipment design 2

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iv) The project has produced 24 M.S. and 9 Ph.D.s. It will be noted that the rationale for the M.S. fellowships was to meet the immediate staffing needs of the UPCE to help the NEC begin its functions. This need has been satisfied. However, there is now need to build up very great faculty strength in some important but very narrow areas to attain academic prestige and excellence in these areas.

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ANNEX A

Unesco Consultants

Name of Consultant

Jacques VISTE

Dogan SORGUC

Country of Origin

FRA

TUR

Field of Speciali zation

Instrumentation

Building materials

Duration Prom

05.12.83

O5.OI.84 + 3 days

of Contract To

22.02.84

O5.O3.84

In chronological order of date of arrival

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ANNEX B

Consultant Missions carried out under preparatory assistance

Post no.

11.41

II.42

11.43

11.44

11.45

Field Consultant

Engineering Education Dr. Kris Keshavan Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA

August, 1976

Man-months

Laboratory Design Dr. Alp Esin Middle East Technical University, Turkey

August-September, I98O

Engineering Education Professor Helen Plants West Virginia University USA November-December, I98O

Computer Education Dr. Jurg Nievergelt Swiss Federal Institute Technology

August, I98I •

of

Energy Professor Peter Dunn Reading University, U.K. December, 1981

Output

Helped in the review and modi­fication of the project document in order to reflect the areas that have to be strengthened. These areas had been identified through a survey of existing capabilities and the needs of industry.

Assisted the Department of Mechanical Engineering in upgrading its laboratory facilities and conducted seminars to M.E. teaching staff and students.

Conducted seminars/workshops for the participants in Master of Engineering Education Programme at UPCE as well as for engineering faculty members of 20 participating schools in the Philippine Government's Engineering Education Project.

Conducted three short courses for faculty and graduate students on algorithm, design of effective man-machine dialogues and data and file structure. Assisted the Department of Engineering Sciences in the design of B.S. Computer Science Programme.

Helped in the review of the energy programme of UPCE/NEC and assisted the UPCE in the development of an interdisciplinary graduate programme in energy engineering. Also conducted seminars for engineering faculty members.

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ANNEX B (Con'd)

Post No.

11.46

11.47

Field Consultant

Instrumentation Dr. Viste Prance

Building Materials Dr. Dogun Sorguc Istanbul

Man-flionths

2.5

2.5

Output

Helped the NEC in the planning and design of a calibration laboratory. Also conducted seminars for the engineering faculty in the field of instrumentation.

Assisted the Building Research Services of the NEC in developing R&D programme for utilization of indigenous building materials. Also conducted seminars/workshops for the engineering faculty.

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Name

De La Cruz, A.

Caringal, A.

Cowper, N.

Viray, P.

Hernandez, M.

Paderes, P.

Jose, W.

Templo, P.

Ignacio, U.

Escoto, H.

Ab aya, E.

Mantaring, R.

Francisco, V«

Tolentino, M.

Raneses, N.

Manegdeg, P.

Mayor, E.

Caneba, G.

Borja, R.

Escueta

Escoto, M.

Mena, M.

Saquing, R.

Exnundo, A.

Atanació, E.

ANNEX C

Fellowships

Field of Study

Systems Engineering

Computer Science

Metallurgical Engineering

Electrical Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Geodesy-Photogrammetry

Biochemical Engineering

Country of Study

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

Water Resources Engineering USA

Civil Engineering

Electronics

Electronical Engineering Data Communications

Micro-Process Application

Computer Science

Geodetic Engineering

Industrial Engineering

Fuels and Combustion

Mineral Processing

Petrochemical Engineering

Civil & Geotechnical Engineering

Management Science

Mechanical Engineering

Hydro-electrometallurgy

Computer Science

Hydraulic Engineering

Information Science

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

U*¿K

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

USA

From

27.O9.78

I9.O9.79

23.O8.79

3O.I2.78

I5.O9.78

01.01.79

O9.OI.8O

I4.OI.79

I7.O3.8O

22.01.81

3O.O8.79

03*09.81

18.06.80

O6.09.79

31.12.79

01.10.80

23.O3.8l

O2.O9.8O

21.O9.8O

O7.OI.8O

22.01.81

28.12.79

OI.OI.83

26.08.80

i5.O3.8l

To

26.09.79

18.O3.8I

22.08.80

29.12.79

14.09.79

31.12.79

O8.OI.83

I3.OI.8O

16.09.81

19.07.82

28.02.81

02.03.83

22.12.81

O4.O3.8l

02.07.8l

28.09 .-81

22.09.82

28.02.82

21.09.83

30.06.81

19.07.82

31.12.82

3O.O6.84

25.06.81

17.12.82

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AHNEX G (Cont'd)

Name Field of Study

Country of Study

Paran, A.

Sarreal, J.

Cases, E.

Mortero, J.

Pugne, M..

Serrano, P.

De Matta, R.

Hydraulic Mechanics

Material Science

Transportation

Transport Engineering

Tool & Design Manufacturing Engineering

Engineering Economy

Management Science

USA

USA

USA

CAS

USA

USA

USA

Prom To

14.08.81 14.02.82

01.05.82 04.II.83

28.12.80 28.06.82

08.01.81 06.07.82

27.08.81 28.02.83

i9.O8.8l I8.02.83

19.09.82 I6.O9.85

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ANNEX D

Short training/study tours

Field/Fellow /position

Engineering Education Dr. Edgardo S. Pacheco Director, Graduate Division 23.10.68 - 22.12.78 USA Canada Mexico Brazil

Man-months Remarks

2 As a result of this study tour, Dr. Pacheco introduced in the College of Engineering the Personalized System of Instruction (PSl) in some engineering courses. The results of this innovative approach are very encouraging and are now adopted "by other faculty members. It was also through the recommendation of Dr. Pacheco that Dr. Helen Plants served as one of the consultants.

Mechanical Engineering (Mini-Hydro) Professor Rodolfo Casiple Former Director, UPIRC 21.04.81 -i9.O6.8l India Switzerland France USA

Engineering Education Professor Fortunato de la Peña Assistant to the Director, NEC OI.O7.8O - 31.08.80 USA

Geodesy and Photogrammetry Professor Cristy R. Hernandez Director, Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry I6.O9.80 - I5.II.8O Germany Netherlands USA

Industrial Engineering Professor Amado San Mateo Chairman, I.E. Department I3.O9.8O - 13.11.80 USA Canada UKK France Singapore

Professor Casiple assists the NEC in offering short courses related to hydro-electric power plant engineering.

Professor de la Peña, "besides Assistant to the Director of NEC, is presently the Chairman of Industrial Engineering. He is actively involved in the Continuing Education programme of the NEC. After his study tour, he cooperated with Dr. Helen Plants in offering an engineering education course for graduate students.

The observations and contacts made by Professor Hernandez during the study tour have been very useful to him in his capacity as Director of one of the centres under NEC.

The study tour enabled Professor San Mateo to familiarize himself with current approaches to industrial engineering education in the universities he visited. Our industrial engineering programme was recently revised to keep abreast with these latest trends.

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ANNEX D (Cont'd)

Field/Fellow/Position

Chemical Engineering (Energy) Professor Teodorico Festin Former Director, UPIRC 05.04.82 - 05.06.82 UIGC USA Brazil Japan

Engineering Hydrology Dr. Leonardo Liongson Chairman, Department of Engineering Sciences 15.05.84 - I6.O6.84 UKK

Man-months Remarks

2 Professor Festin is presently a member of the College Energy Committee which the UPCE established in I983 with the institution of the M.S. and Ph.D. programme in Energy Engineering. He is also involved in research projects which are energy-related such as pyrolysis of agricultural wastes.

1 Dr. Liongson attended an advanced course in engineering hydrology under the sponsorship of the British Council. UNDP provided the transportation expenses and his visit to other research institutions in the U.K.

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ANNEX E

List of seminars« workshops and short courses conducted by MEG

Pursuant to the objectives of the national Engineering Center« the following seminars/workshops/short courses for engineering faculty members and practising engineers were conducted by NEC :

I. EDPITAF-sponsored seminars

1. Energy and Environment I 1979 Held at the University of San Carlos Cebu City

2. Energy and Environment II 1979 Held at St. Louis University Baguio City

3» Equipment Evaluation Workshop 1979 Held at the Cebu Institute of Technology Cebu City

4» Civil Engineering Seminar 1979 Held at Central Philippines University Iloilo City

5. Mechanical Engineering Seminar I 1979 Held at Del La Salle University Manila

6. Mechanical Engineering Seminar II 1979 Held at the University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos Bacolod City

7* Chemical Engineering Seminar I 1979 Held at the University of Santo Tomas Manila

8. Chemical Engineering Seminar II 1979 Held at the University of San Carlos Cebu City

- 21 _

AHMEX B (Cont'd)

9. Electrical Engineering Seminar 1979 Held at Mapua Institute of Technology Manila

10. Conference of Engineering Deans 1979 Held at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

11. Institutional Planning and Administration I98O Held at St. Louis University Baguio City

12. Multisectoral Dialogue in Engineering I98O University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

13. Seminar in Instructional Methodology I98O Held at Aquinas University Legaspi City

14. Computer Programming Workshop I98O Held at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

15» Workshop on Optimization Techniques I98O Held at Cebu Institute of Technology Cebu City

16. Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Mechanical Engineering I I98O Held at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

17« Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Mechanical Engineering II I98O Held at University of Mindanao Davao City

18.. Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Electrical Engineering I I98O Held at Adamson University Manila

-22 _

ANNEX B (Cont'd)

19. Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Electrical Engineering II I98O Held at University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos Bacolod City

20, Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Chemical Engineering I I98O Held at De La Salle University Manila

21• Workshop on Laboratory Procedures and Experiments in Chemical Engineering II I98O Held at the University of San Carlos Cebu City

22. Conference of Engineering Deans I98O Held at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

23. Seminar/Workshop on Civil Engineering Laboratories and Computer Applications I I98I Held at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quexon City

24. Seminar/Workshop on Civil Engineering Laboratories and Computer Applications II

• I98I Held at the University of Negros Occidental—Recoletos Bacolod City

25. Workshop on Project Management I98I Held at Tropical Palace Metro Manila

26. Short Course on Operations Research Techniques (For Luzon Region) 1982, NEC

27» Short Course on Statistical Quality Control (For Luzon Region) 1982, NEC

28. Computer Programming Workshop I982, NEC

29. Short Course on Microprocessor I982, NEC

- 2 3 -

ANNEX B (Cont'd)

30. Short Course on Economic Analysis I982, NEC

31» Short Course on Hini-*Iicro Computer Systems I982, NEC

32. Short Course on Project Managment 1982, NEC

33» Short Course on Productivity 1982, NEC

II. The 1983 Continuing Engineering Education Series

1. Microprocessor and Microcomputer Intensive Course February 7-25» 1983

2. Basic Language Programming March-April, I983

3« Economic Decision Analyses April, I983

4» Hydro-Electric Power Plant April, I983

5. Production Planning and Control Analysis May, I983

6. Pascal Programming May, I983

7« Air-Conditioning Systems May, I983

8. Comparative Study of Programming Languages June, I983

9. Construction Management June, I983

10. Computer Applications in Surveying and Mapping June, I983

11. Data Structures and Algorithms July, I983

12. Project Management July, 1983

-24 -

ANNEX E (Cont'd)

13. Biomass Conversion to Energy-July, 1983

14» Database Systems August, I983

15» Metal Forming August, 1983

16. Linear Programming September, I983

17* Bata Communications September, 1983

18. Remote Sensing October, 1983

19. Fundamentals of Structural Systems Analysis and Design October, 1983

20. Industrial Statistics November, I983

21. Materials Quality Control November, 1983

III. The 1984 Continuing Engineering Education Series

1. Microprocessor Intensive Course February-March, 1984

2. Basic Language Programming March-April, I984

3« Introductory Operations Research Techniques March-April, 1984

4» Computations in Reinforced Concrete Building Design April, 1984

5« Methods Improvement and Work Measurement May, 1984

6. Project Management May, 1984

7« Principles of Control Systems Engineering May, I984

- 2 5 -

ANTOEX B (Cont'd)

3. Construction Planning and Management June-^July, 1984

9. Data Structures and Algorithms June, 1984

10. Database Systems July, I984

11. Project Feasibility Study Preparation Course August-September, I984

12. Methods of Slope Stability Analysis August, 1984

13« Understanding Microcomputer Hardware August, 1984

14« Principles of Data Communications September, 1984

15» Computer Aided Design in Civil Engineering September, 1984

16. Geotechnical Engineering October, 1984

17. Statistical Analysis for Engineers and Scientists October-November, 19 84

18. Short Course on PEHT-CPM November, 1984

- 26 -

AUHEX F

Ecruipment List

Equipment

Chemical Engineering:

Gas Chromatograph

Thermal Conductivity Apparatus L14900 General Purpose Spectrophotometer L14916 Micro Currette Assembly L14912 Hand Methods Manual Sets L50110 Melting Point Apparatus L17150 Laboratory pH-Meter LI6100 Thin-Layer Chromatography L54130 Crush Ice Machine Solid State Moisture Detector C-5951-20 Anemometer Bench Thermocouple Thermometer C-8520-55 General Purpose Probe C-I53O-IO Multimeter C-1530-01 Roll-Top Case C-I53O-O4 AC Amp Clamp C-7IO5-OO Magnetic Drive Centrifugal Pump C-2058-IO Furnace C-303I-O2 Air Heater Blowers Portable Airflow Calibrator Hewlett Packard 41 Calculator Gas Sampling Bulb Magnetic Stirrer with Hot Plate Hot Plates, 6%" x ty C-87OI-OO Simplified'Falling Ball Viscometer (for low viscosity liquids)

C-8702-OO Simplified Falling Ball Viscometer (for high viscosity liquids)

L-I9250 Combined Kieldal Digestion and Distilling Apparatus C-738O-22 Pressure, 0-30 psi C-738O-42 Pressure, 0-100 psi C-738O-62 Vacuum, 3 30" Hg C-3201-̂ )0 Flow Meter C-3202-OO Flow Meter C-3205-OO Flow Meter C-32OI-20 Size 1, 500 psi Shielded Flow Meter C-8755-OO Mechanical Stopwatch

Quantity

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 6 2 4

1 1 12 12 12 1 1 1 1 3

- 27 -

ANMEX F (Gonttd)

Civil Engineering:

Transmission Polariscope 1 Universal Strain-Measuring Instrument 1 Switch and Balance Unit 1 Strain-Gage Application Kit 1 Vishay Technical Instruction Slides 1

Electrical Engineering:

Oscilloscope, 100 MHZ 2 Oscilloscope, 15 MHZ 7 Electrochemical System Trainer 1 Tool Set 1 Multitester 4 Portable AC Ammeter 1 DC Portable Ammeter 1 Impedance Bridge 1 AC/DC Calibrator 1 Recording Watt-Var Meter 1 Portable Power Factor Meter 1 Function Generator 5 Teletype ASR 40 2 RF Signal Generator 2 Drill Press with Bits 1 Phototachometers 1 DC—35 MHZ Dual-Trace Delayed-Sweep Oscilloscope 9 Frequency Counter (DC-30 MHZ) 4 Curve Trace for Semiconductor Testing 2 Loading Resistors 3 Data Analyzer 1 Microprocess Lab 4 TTL CMOS Logic Trouble Shooting Kit 4 Digital Circuit Logic Clip Tester 2 Signature Analyzer 1 Megger 1 Microprocessor Trainer Lab 2 DC—25 Storage Oscilloscope 1

Engineering Sciences:

Zilog MCZ—1 Model 20 Microcomputer System 1 TRS-80 Model II 5 TRSDOS 2.0 for Model II 1 TRS-80 Model II Compiler Basic Package 1 TRS-80 Plotter/Printer 1 Model II Cable 1 Spare Fisher Space Pen 2 Paper for Printer Plotter 100 rolls Model II RS-232-2 Cable 2

- 28 -

ANNEX F (Cont'd)

Verbatim Flexible Disks (FD 34-8000, 12/box) 15 boxes Verbatim Flexible Disks (FD 32-9000, 12/box) 10 boxes TES-80 Three-Drive Disk Expansion System for Model II 1 TRS-80 Line Printer III 1 TRS-80 Printer Cable 2 TES-80 Printer Ribbon Cartridges for Line Printer III 10

Geodetic Engineering:

Electronic Data Acquisition System 1

Mechanical Engineering:

Spectral Pyranometer 1 Normal Incidence Pyrhellometer 1 Chassis Dynamometer 1 Fuel Consumption Meter 1 Dynamometer, 245 HP at 4000 RPM 1 Tachometer, Hand 1 Tachometer, Digital 1 Tachometer, Photo 1 Counter, Multifunction l Multimeter, 4-Digit Digital 1 Velocimeter, Air 1 Set Hewlett Packard (HP) Programmable Calculator System 1 Balance, Digital Electronic 1 Allen CO/HC Infra-Red Emission Analyzer Model 23-170 1 Professional Anemometer No. 70,310 1 Pneumatic Wind Speed Indicator No, 71|931 1 Lufft Precision Weather Instrumentation 1 Inkless Strip Chart Recorder No. I676 with 6 replacements 1 •J- Gallon Capacity Ultrasonic Cleaner No. 85, 126 1 Multipoint Digital Thermometer P. 8025 1 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter 1 Dial Thermometers 1 Burrel Gas Analyzer 1 Millivolt Potentiometer 1 AT-I452 Stroboscope 1 A-1318N Sonic Time 2 AT-120 Portable Pyrometer 1 No. 120-7 0°C to 200°C Copper-Constantan 1 No. 120-8 0°C to 300°C Iron-Constantan 1 AT-I25 Thermocouples 9 AT-127 Compensating Cables 9 AT-128 Automatic Compensator 2 A-I436 N Cold Junction 4 HP-8217OA Quad Memory Module 1 HP-41CV Alphanumeric Fully Programmable Calculator with 319 Built-in Storage Register 1

- 29 -

AMEX F (Cont'd)

HP-4II4OOI Standard Application Module 1 HP-41-15006 Circuit Analysis Application Pac 1 HP-4I-I5021 Structural Analysis Application Pac 1 HPR-9713143-I2O Card Pac with Holders 3 HP-82151A Module Holders 4 HP-82045A Thermal Printing Paper for 82143A Printer (6 rolls per "box) 5

Back-Mounted Cusson Electronic Engine Indicating Equipment 1 Three-Wide Mainframe with Rear Interface Option 1 Digital Multimeter, 3ir Digits Autoranging 1 High Voltage Probe 40 KV 1 HP Probe 1 Triple Power Supply 1 Plug-In 10 MHZ Storage Oscilloscope 1 Universal Counter/Timer 1 Probe P6125 for Counter 1 Probe P6108 for Counter 1

Metallurgical and Mining Engineering:

Scanning Electron Microscope 1 Macro-Telescope 1 Potentiodyne 1

- 30 ~

ANNEX G

Areas of NEC and UPCE technical expertise

Research and extension services

BUILDING RESEARCH Low-cost housing technology, indigenous "building materials, geotechnic and environment influences

COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATIONS Digital systems design, software development, power systems design

ENERGY RESEARCH Indigenous sources of energy, energy conversion, energy management

GEODESY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY Soil erosion studies, tax mapping, vegetation succession studies

HYDRAULICS Model studies of hydraulic structures, pump and pipe testing, computer oriented water data system

METALLURGY Metals and materials testing, chemical/metallurgical analysis, materials research and development

PRODUCTION Productivity studies, work methods design, facilities planning and design

TRANSPORTATION Transport planning studies, traffic engineering and management, computerized transport programming and operations

SYSTEMS RESEARCH Systems analysis and design, systems evaluation, decision support systems, operations research

Continuing education (Short courses, seminars, workshops)

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Process development, recycling, chemical analysis, solid waste management

CIVIL ENGINEERING Construction management, concrete design and quality control, transport engineering

- 31 -

ANNEX G (Cont'd)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Digital systems design, instrumentation and control design, communications engineering

GEODETIC ENGINEERING Applied geodesy, photogrammetry, photo-interpretation

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING Production planning and control, work study, statistical quality control, operations research, systems analysis and design

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Power plan design, indigenous energy sources, energy source conversion

METALLURGICAL AND MINING ENGINEERING Electron microscopy, mine and mill design, extractive and physical metallurgy

MULTI-DISCIPLINARY AREAS Computer systems project management, competer software development

Publications and information services

PHILIPPINE ENGINEERING JOURNAL A semi-annual collection of technical papers on the latest developments in the different fields of engineering in particular, and science and technology in general

CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSE NOTES Lecture notes that were utilized in the various Continuing Engineering Education Courses conducted by the NEC are compiled in convenient booklets

INFORMATION SERVICES Library service, information referral service, journal abstracts

Facilities

. Chemical engineering laboratory

. Civil engineering laboratory

.. Materials testing laboratory

.. Soil mechanics laboratory

. Electrical engineering laboratory

.. Power laboratory

.. Electronics and communications laboratory

- 32 -

JLSSEÜ G (Cont'd)

. Metallurgical engineering laboratory

. Electron microscopy laboratory

. Hydraulics laboratory

. Mechanical engineering power laboratory

. Transportation laboratory

• Main-frame and micro computers

- 33 -

ANNEXH

Institutional networks of which UPCE is a member

The Association for Engineering Education in Southeast Asia (AEESEA)

Voting members:

The Institution of Engineers

Indonesian Institute of Engineers

Japanese Society for Engineering Education

College of Engineeringi Seoul National

University-

Public Works Institue of Technology

Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya The Institution of Professional Engineers of New Zealand

Papua New Guinea University of Technology

College of Engineering, University of the Philippines

The Engineering Institute of Thailand

National Institute of Technology

Australia

Indonesia

Japan

Republic of Korea

Laos

Malaysia

New Zealand

Papua New Guinea

Philippines

Thailand

Vietman

Regional Network for Appropriate Technology for Rural Development

Member institutions:

Chulalongkorn University

Gadjah Mada University

Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

College of Engineering, University of the Philippines

Chung-Ang University

Appropriate Technology Development Institute

University of Melbourne

University of Auckland

Thailand

Indonesia

Malaysia

Philippines

Republic of Korea

Papua New Guinea

Australia

New Zealand

- 34 -

ANNEX H (Cont'd)

Cooperative International Network for Training and Research in Energy Planning

Member institutions:

Asia

Tata Energy Research Institute

Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology

Chulalongkorn University

College of Engineering! University of the Philippines

Latin America

COPPE - Universidad Federal de Rio de Janeiro

Universidad de Chile

Universidad de los Andes

Instituto de Economia Energetia

Developed countries

State University of New York

Université des Sciences de Grenoble

India

China

Thailand

Philippines

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Argentina

USA

Prance

- 35 -

ANHEX I

Proposal to establish a Central Machine Shop

Introduction

In order to clarify and shed additional light on the points raised within the context of this report, it is well worth considering the significance of a machine shop and its influence on engineering research and teaching.

Significance of machine shops in academic institutions

In almost all technical universities and colleges, a well-equipped machine shop is looked upon as an indispensable tool for efficient engineering teaching and research. This is because when facilities are utilized capably, such a shop renders invaluable services in increasing the performance and efficiency of an academic institution, from the research and teaching point of view.

All research work, whether basic or applied, requires, to a varying extent, special test-rigs, models or specimens which permit adaptation of existing facilities to the specific needs of the research work. It is thus almost axiomatic that a well-equipped machine shop is one of the most influential factors in promoting research activities within an establishment.

One reason why the capability of a machine shop strongly influences research activities is that a very particular kind of 'know-̂ iow1 is involved in machine shop activities bearing on research work. The technicians employed in such machine shops acquire special skills and insights and in fact, those with long years of experience are regarded as members of the active research staff.

Very few research workers are qualified engineers and, as a result, in the research carried on, the usual medium of communication, the technical drawing, loses much of its significance and meaning. However, strictness in this sense is of no avail - even among mechanical engineers - and serves no useful purpose other than that of pushing a promising research worker back into his shell. In practice though, the technicians involved in research activities develop a different level of communication which makes them an organic part of the work. This explains why leading technical universities and colleges consider it essential to have a well-equipped machine shop; even to the extent of establishing one in every department and, in certain exceptional cases, in 'research units' within a department.

While it is certainly true that a machine shop is essential where there is appreciable research activity, it is also needed as one of the cornerstones for initiating research activities within any academic institution. On the other hand, it may be argued that, initially, outside machine shops can be contracted to render the requisite services until such time as the need for such a shop becomes pressing as the research activities snowball. Though it sounds feasible in theory, it is doomed to fail in practice for the following reasons:

- 3 6 -

AMBX I (Cont'd)

i) It runs counter to the spirit which is essential to generate and perpetuate research activities«

ii) It will give rise instead to red—tape, most of which will he completely irrelevant to the actual efforts that must he expended (such as, requisitions, cost estimates, fund allocations, tenders, laying specifications, contracts, etc). This will soon frustrate even the most ardent research workers.

iii) Certainly, trial and error are inevitable in all research work. Yet setting aside all other unfavorable possibilities, one can easily see how much inconvenience it will cause to all parties concerned, considering the distance involved, to negotiate even the simple problems which arise during the course of production.

It must also be realized that such a move would leave practically no room and sympathy for corrections and alterations in professional work; unless, of course, the additional expense for such, demands were incurred by the researcher or his sponsors. As the * academicians' and 'professionals' come from different spheres, a few distasteful examples of this type will immediately discourage the academic staff and make them reluctant to carry out, or supervise research.

To sum up, the need for a well-equipped machine shop is not dictated exclusively by highbrow research. It is common knowledge that the design efforts behind most commercial equipment for engineering teaching and research can be traced to the lecturers in various universities and colleges. Yet, there will be many situations where a lecturer will often have the desire and urge to devise his own educational equipment, or to improvise on existing material. Furthermore, many simple instructional set-ups or test-rigs can be made locally at reasonably lower cost, in comparison to the prices quoted for such equipment. To be specific about this point, our experience in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gaziantep, Turkey, is worth quoting. Because of the foreign exchange deficiency experienced there for the last three years, we rely completely upon the machine shop to maintain our teaching and research activities at a level befitting our status. The following are but a few of the examples of such 'home made' equipment: rotating bending fatique testers, dual disc metallographic polishing apparatus, creep testers (for demonstrating creep of lead); air-spring mounted vibration tables; experimental solar collectors; a sub-sonic wind tunnel for boundary layer studies (underway); a smoke tunnel; inclined and micro-manometers; experimental test-rig to study the performance characteristics of cross-flow fans (including fans with different blade configuration).

Analysis of the present situation

It was extremely interesting to find out that the Machine Shop had undertaken the fabrication of the following:

- Kalamansi juice extractor for the Department of Home Economics; - Pyrolysis for the Department of Chemical Engineering;

-37 -

ANNEX I (Cont'd)

- Solar dryer for the Department of Chemical Engineering; - Electro-acoustic machine for the College of Fisheries; - Electrical paper hot press for the Department of Mechanical Engineering; - Corrosion testing device for the Department of Chemical Engineering; - Pod mill roll for the Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering; - Black iron condenser for the Department of Chemical Engineering.

The result of the examination of the engineering drawings was equally interesting, because these jobs did not require precision fine finish and consisted mostly of sheet-metal working. So far as the sheet metal equipment is concerned, the Machine Shop is quite well-equipped and this capacity is immediately made use of by the research workers in a variety of departments, which is a corroboration of the feasibility of establishing a well-equipped central machine shop. Likewise, the wood-working section, which is also quite well-equipped, is rendering very useful services to the College of Engineering and the University.

On the other hand, a realistic appraisal of existing facilities in the Machine Shop, in terms of the capacity, accuracy and available accessories of the machine tools, together with the inventory of precision measuring instruments and the assortment of cutting and hand-tools shows that the Machine Shop is gravely under-equipped to render services which demand precision. This situation is rather deplorable, because the College of Engineering has been acquiring very fine equipment through the UNDP and ADB, the full and efficient use of which will certainly require the services of a well-equipped machine shop. Failure to establish such a shop now, when the time is ripe, may prove to be a setback to the attainment of many of the envisaged objectives.

One of the best examples in this context is the research work-being done on new fuels in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. The development and full exploitation of the promising results will definitely require the services of a well-equipped machine shop in the very near future. Likewise, when the •educational equipment» project gains impetus, there will be a much-felt need for such a shop because of the inevitable prototype construction and development phase before the actual manufacturing sequence. I am sure that the extended services of a well-equipped shop will also be welcomed by the other departments and research units.

Another important aspect of a well-equipped shop, which pertains directly to engineering teaching, is its repercussions on students of mechanical and industrial engineering. It must always be remembered that the machine shop is also a laboratory as far as certain disciplines are concerned. As the amount of practical training that students can receive in the course of an engineering education is limited, the real purpose of the exercise is not to develop »motor-skills*, but to heighten the student's grasp of knowledge and sense of appreciation - the two attributes which will help him appreciate the higher aspects of his profession. The machine shop has an undeniable role in the attainment of this objective as far as Production Engineering, Machine Design and related topics are concerned. This will involve series of demonstrations which follow the course schedules closely, and a careful selection of a range of

- 38 -

ANNEX I (Cont'd)

exercises. Even a cursory glance at existing equipment and machine tools indicates that such an objective can be attained at very limited capacity with existing facilities. To ignore this possibility is to weaken engineering teaching in countries in the process of industrialization.

An appraisal of the existing facilities

In terms of the number and variety of machine tools available, the Machine Shop is well-equipped. It is necessary, however, to point out that the existing machine tools were acquired as the result of U.S. aid; many are presumed to be war—surplus, some of them over 35-40 years old. Let us know inventory existing machine tools and equipment in groups:

a. Lathes: There are 12 lathes, of which only 8 are nominally operative because only some of the regular machining operations can be performed. Highest accuracy attainable with the lathe in ideal conditions is estimated to be — 0.01 in (¿ 0.25 mm); which is of course insufficient for most purposes.

b. Milling machines: The milling machines are in better condition when compared to the lathes. It is estimated that, with extreme care, an accuracy of i 0.004 in (0.1 mm) can be maintained. Though this accuracy is below the close tolerance requirements, the vertical milling machine with duplicating attachment (GORTON) can be utilized in the central work shop for rough milling jobs, and the remaining two milling machines devoted to practical training.

c. Drills: None of the four drill presses are in good enough condition to meet the demands of a central shop. One is already in the wood-working shop. One is completely out of date and its use, with belts and so on, would be a potential hazard. Of the remaining two, one could be used in the sheet metal working section (for jobs for which the diametral accuracy and the exact location of the drilled hole are relatively unimportant) and the other for student training.

d. Tool grinders: These are in reasonably good condition. Some grinders which do not meet the normal requirements of the machine shop have been kept in possession unnecessarily. These should be sorted out and given away, if necessary.

e. Band saw: The German Mossner Rekord is in good condition and can be used in the central shop.

f. Shapers: Of the three shapers, the Japanese one is not in good order and too old to merit reconditioning. However, together with the German model (Klopp) it can be used for student training. It was impossible to assess the condition of the small shaper which was stored away in the German Yia building.

- 39 -

AHflEX I (Cont'd).

g. Power hack saws: A brand-new saw has "been acquired through the ABB. The old power hack saws are still useful for student training and offhand jobs.

h. Sheet metal equipment: Is hand-operated and in reasonably good condition. This section could undertake most sheet metal jobs, provided heavy gauge metal is not used; the maximum capacity being 16 guage.

On the other hand, a quick survey revealed that most of the requests involved working with sheets of around l/8 thick; hence oxyacetylene cutting was being employed rather extensively to cut relatively thin gauge material. Thus, the sheet metal section is rather under-capacitated.

i. Precision measuring instruments: Hardly any regular precision measuring instruments exist. The S.I.P. coordinate measuring microscope seems to be in good order. There is also a profile projector of the same make stored away in the German Yia building. However, considering the conditions it has been exposed to, especially during the recent typhoon, it is highly dubious that it can function as a precision measuring instrument.

j. Tools: The machine shop is gravely under-equipped in respect of cutting tools. Other machine tools such as hydraulic press, honning machine, etc., have been purposely omitted as they do not have a direct bearing on the most essential requirements of a central machine shop.

Though some of the existing machine tools can be utilized in the proposed machine shop to increase capacity, this must never be interpreted in the sense that they are sufficient for this purpose. It is clear from the last section that, as far as close tolerance and fine finish are concerned, the following machine tools and equipment have to be acquired to establish the nucleus of a central machine shop.

Machine tools Estimated cost (US$)

1. 1 engine lather (heavy duty) (ordered through ABB)

2. 1 precision tool room lathe to fill the gap between the heavy duty engineering lathe and a small lathe for machining small, intricate parts (Hardinge HLV-V or equiv.) 1,500.00

3. 1 precision tool room milling machine, suitable for intricate milling, drilling and boring operations, complete with accessories for coordinate boring, direct and differential dividing and slotting (Bridgeport or equiv.) 12,500.00

- 40 -

ASSEX I (Cont'd)

Machine tools Estimated cost iU53)

4» 1 cylindrical grinder (Jones-Shipmen 1112,

Myford, or equiv.) 9,000.00

5. 1 surface grinder (ordered through ADB)

6. 1 shaper (24» stroke) 5,000.00

7. 1 floor type drilling machine (capacity 2" Ci) 2,500.00

36,500.00

It is appropriate to add some heavier gauge capacity sheet metal working machinery and equipment to this list in response to the specific observation cited in the previous section.

8. Universal sheet working machine suitable for punching, shearing, flanging, louvering, dishing, etc. (capacity min. l/8" - Pullmax,

or equiv.) 7,500.00

9. Power squaring shear (l/8n x 36") 5,000.00

10. Power roll former (l/8" x 36") 3,750.00

16,250.00

As precision machine tools are meaningless without precision measuring instruments, the following list of instruments is considered a must:

5 Vernier calipers (metric/English 150 mm) 50.00

1 Set of each of outside micrometers (0-300 mm; 0-6") 750.00

1 set of gauge blocks (requested through ADB)

1 Vernier height gauge (500 mm) 300.00

1 granite plate (600 x 450 app.) 300.00

Screw pitch gauges (2 each of Metric & Whitworth) 50.00

Radius gauges (1/64 to l/2; 0.5 to 13; and

15.5 to 25) 45.OO

Precision V blocks (2 pairs, 25 mm) 120.00

V blocks magnetic (l pair) 150.00 Thickness gauges (0.05- 1.00 mm; 0.002"-0.025") 60.00

5 dial indicators (3 of 0.01 mm, and one each of 0.0001 mm and 0.0005") 200.00

- 41 -

ABUSE I (Cont'd)

3 magnetic stands for dial indicators (2 standard and 1 flexible)

Caliper type inside micrometers (5-25 and 25-50 mm)

1 set of tabular inside micrometer (50-150 mm)

1 interchangeable rod type depth micro. (O—300)

1 large Vernier caliper (600 mm)

Steel rules: 2 of 100 mm x 4" (double-sided) 5 of 300 mm x 12» 1 of 500 mm x 20" 1 of 1000 mm x 40"

t?

it

ti

ti

H

it

Pour steel squares

1 combination set

1 universal bevel protractor

Vernier depth gauges (150 mm and 300 ram)

100.00

200.00

I75.OO

200.00

200.00

I5O.OO

100.00

60.00

75.00

200.00

i$ 3,485.00

The central machine shop should be supplemented with an assortment of hand and cutting tools to enable it to function in the expected manner. It must once again be emphasized that the tools included in this list are either non-existent in the machine shop at the moment, or too worn out to be of use:

2 sets of (No.l to No.80 wire gauge) drills

2 sets of i/lo - 1/4

2 sets of I/16 - 1/2

Drills 9/16" with 1/2 shank

Metric drills equivalent to above sizes

Screw extractor set (2 sets of six sizes)

Tap and die set (Eq. to Brodhead and Garret 219019) English

Metric tap and die set (Brodhead and Garret 219063)

Right hand spiral reamers (l/l6—l)

Adjustable reamer sets (Brodhead and Garret 414290)

HSS end mills (l/8 to 3/4 ty l/32 increments)

Horizontal milling cutters (3/16 to 3/8 face width by 1/16 increments)

uss 25O.OO

25.OO

I75.OO

I45.OO

300.00

I5.OO

24O.OO

75.00

I5O.OO

510.00

220.00

450.00

- 42 -

AUHEK I (Cont'd)

Horizontal sLitting cutters (3/l6 to l/8 by I/32 increments) 175.00

HSS staggered tooth side milling cutters (1/4 to 3/8 by I/16 increments) 400.00

1/2 in. face double angle milling cutter

(45°, 60°, 90o) 175.OO

Shell end mills (4.25, 1.50, 2", 2.5») 350.00

Counterboring & countersinking set (National Cat. Set 2) 300.00

Plain milling cutters (3" face width x 1" hole;

2» fw c 1" h; 1/2" fw x 7/8» h) 500.00

Single angle milling cutters (45o and 60°) 120.00

Two machinists' vises (3.5" x 5"; 5" x 8") 450.00

1 all angle vise 95.00

1 drill press vise (4" x 4") 50.00

Heavy duty machine vise (swivel type, graduated, 6" jaw) 700.00

Magnetic vise 200.00

Live tailstock centers (set for hollow and centerless

pieces) 225.OO

Assortment of pliers and cutters 300.00

Assortment of files and hacksaws 200.00 USS 6,795.00

The grand total of the estimated expenditure is about $ 63,030.00 which cannot obviously be met by the funds allocated to the Mechanical Engineering Department alone. Considering the services it will render to the College, DEC and, most probably, the other departments of the University, it is only fair to assume that the necessary amount will be obtained by pooling, which probably represents a very fair return for the services rendered by such a machine shop.

It is proposed to set up the machine shop in the enclosed space in the German Yia building, together with the mechanical engineering student training shop and the wood-working shop. This arrangement makes it possible to draw on the help of the only experienced personnel in the College of Engineering in this context, the technical staff in the machine shop of the Mechanical Engineering Department, without impairing student training.

It is anticipated that the central machine shop will be administered by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, in accordance with the general policy of the College. The central machine shop will be under the supervision of

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AMSX I (Cont'd)

Messrs. B.Q. Malabed (Chief), R.L. Valiente and M.V. Obnamia. Skilled labour, though not sufficient, is also available. There are two machinists and two welders in the machine shop of the Mechanical Engineering Department. It may be necessary to employ more machinists in the near future, the number depending on the load of the machine shop.

It is proposed to run the central machine shop on a semi-independent budget, acquired through the Deanes Office and based on the proposal of the Chairman of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Four sources of income are envisaged:

1. Allotment from the budget of the University.

2. Allotments from the NEC and research units in the College (such as the Industrial Research Center).

3. Overheads charged for outside jobs. These would involve: a) services rendered to third parties outside the University; b) services rendered to research workers in the University who are being sponsored by organizations or bodies outside the University.

4. Contributions of alumni or similar sources.

Part of the income should be allotted automatically for replenishment of material, fastening'and joining elements and materials, and similar expendable items. There must be a petty-cash system for procurements of immediate and unforeseen needs at the disposal of the person (most probably Mr. Malabed) in charge of the central machine shop. In fact, the central machine shop must have direct access to, and authoritiy to spend the incomes under (3) and (-4)t without having to resort to the regular channels beyond the College of Engineering.

It is imperative that the machine shop should also have some means of contributing to research and teaching activiites which are not sponsored. An example would be promotion of the subsidy in the form of making the facilities of the central machine shop available to the academic staff and research students without charge. Though this may not sound »penny-wise', it is an inevitable 'investment' to form the 'critical mass» of research workers within the College.

Concluding considerations

As estimated grand total of $ 60,000 - 70,000 is required to establish the nucleus of the central machine shop. In all fairness, the amount is not very large in itself. Moreover, in comparison with the investments made for other research facilities, the turnover is immediate and faster, with direct and indirect profits. Another aspect, which must not be overlooked is that it is a facility which caters for very diverse interests and requirements and this surely constitutes the backbone of the argument to have a central machine shop.

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AMEX I (Cont'd)

As the amount involved is not very large, it seems inadviseable to spread the necessary expenditure over a period of years for the following reasons:

- delaying the machine shop will prove to he a setback to the research work as was stressed and explained in various parts of the report;

- with the effects of inflation being felt all over the world, the requisite sum may reach unpredictably high amounts within a few years;

- likewise, the prevailing inflation could deminish funds available, which would make it impossible to finance the remaining stages of development, hence rendering the previous expenditure inefficient.

There is no doubt that very great emphasis is being placed on applied research, directed at the welfare of the country, by the Government of the Philippines* This emphasis defines the significant role that must be assumed by the College of Engineering, as the spearhead of applied research through the NEC.

As has been indicated at appropriate places within the text, the applied research aimed at developing technologies utilizing local resources which are adapted to the needs of the country thrives more on »home-engineered» devices than on sophisticated equipment. Consequently, the proposal to establish a central machine shop stems from this simple fact, which has not yet matured into a pressing need because of the lack of basic equipment required for research. However, the need for a central machine shop will definitely be felt very strongly in the very near future as the equipment acquired through various foreign aids pools. If the efforts to be expended in this direction are delayed, it may prove to be too late - most probably due to lack of funds. Even if the funds become available, the time lag will have its adverse effects oh research.