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Asset3g User V5.0.2 Asset3g User V5.0.2 UMTS FDDUMTS FDD
Daniel Ramirez
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives
At the end of this course you’ll be able to:
• Successfully setup the software Tool
• Understand how to use the GIS
• Carry out Pilot Coverage Planning
• Setup Bearers and Services
• Carry out Static Analysis
• Carry out Monte Carlo Simulations
• Efficiently use Filters
Course StructureCourse Structure
Day 1 (AM)
• Introduction to Enterprise
• Setting up a new project
• Using the GIS Map View
Day 1 (PM)
• Using the GIS Map View
• Create Polygons and
Vectors
• Setting up a UMTS Network
Course StructureCourse Structure
Day 2 (AM)
• Setting up a UMTS Network
• Analysing Pilot Coverage
• Traffic Planning on a UMTS
Network
Day 2 (PM)
• The Static Analyser
• The Monte Carlo Simulator
Course StructureCourse Structure
Day 3 (AM)
• Fields and Filters
• Visualisers
• Candidate Planning
Day 3 (PM)
• Reports & statistics
• Neighbours
• The Scrambling Code
Planner
• Course evaluation and
feedback
1- Introduction to Enterprise1- Introduction to Enterprise
Section 1 – Introduction to Enterprise
1- Introduction to Enterprise1- Introduction to Enterprise
• The ENTERPRISE Tools Suite
• Asset3g - Network Planning
• Advantage – Network Design Optimisation
• Optima – Performance Monitoring
• WebWizard – Web based reporting system
• Direct – Transmission and Capacity Planning
• Connect – Microwave Link Planning
• Neptune – GSM & GPRS Drive test Data Analysis
• Ranopt – UMTS Post processing and Analysis
• Datasafe – Configuration Management
• Integrated solution: 1 Platform, 1 Central Database, 1 GIS
Section 1 – Introduction to Enterprise
The Enterprise DatabaseThe Enterprise Database
• Oracle 9i Database
• Database contents• Project definition settings
• Elements information: MSC’s, BSC’s, Cells
• Propagation Models
• Antenna radiation patterns etc.
• Two-stage commit
Section 1 – Introduction to Enterprise
2- Setting up a New Project2- Setting up a New Project
Section 2 – Setting up a New Project
Setting up a New ProjectSetting up a New Project
• Starting ENTERPRISE
• Creating a New Project• Coordinate System
• Map and User data directories
• Map Data extents
• Region Load
• Starting the project
• The Message Log
Section 2 – Setting up a New Project
Exercise 2.5 – Starting a ProjectExercise 2.5 – Starting a Project
• Click “Add” in the Start Project window
• Select New Project data
• Name project
• Setup the coordinate system
• Setup Mapping data and User directories
• Setup remaining tabs and click OK
• Click Start Project
Section 2 – Setting up a New Project
3- Using the GIS Map View3- Using the GIS Map View
Section 3 – Using the GIS Map View
Using the GIS Map ViewUsing the GIS Map View
• Opening the 2D View window
• Map View toolbar
• Displaying Map data
• Key/Legend
• Selecting items on the Map & Zooming
Section 3 – Using the GIS Map View
Using the GIS Map ViewUsing the GIS Map View
• Printing Maps
• 2D View Context menu: Right click menu
• Favourites
• Map View Gadgets Window: Map information
• Master View
Section 3 – Using the GIS Map View
Exercise 3.7 – Using the 2D View and FavouritesExercise 3.7 – Using the 2D View and Favourites
• Open a 2D View
• Display different options presented in exercise 3.7 and
save favourites as indicated
Section 2 – Setting up a New Project
4- Polygons and Vectors4- Polygons and Vectors
Section 4 – Polygons and Vectors
Creating PolygonsCreating Polygons
• Use of Polygons and Vectors
• Creating a user Polygon from Utilities
• Adding segments to a Polygon
• Adding attributes to a Polygon
• Viewing attributes
Section 4 – Polygons and Vectors
Creating VectorsCreating Vectors
• Creating vectors
• Adding segments to a vector
Section 4 – Polygons and Vectors
Exercise 4.10 – Creating Polygons and VectorsExercise 4.10 – Creating Polygons and Vectors
• Launch the Vector Editor from Utilities Tab → Tools → Vectors
• Highlight the User Polygon Data. Right-Click and select Add Vector/Polygon
• Create a Polygon called Urban Polygon
• Display the Polygon, colour it red and save view as a favourite named “Urban Polygon”
Section 4 – Polygons and Vectors
5- Setting up a UMTS Network5- Setting up a UMTS Network
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Setting up a UMTS NetworkSetting up a UMTS Network
• In order to create a UMTS Network we need:
• Antennas
• Feeders and Mast Head Amplifiers
• Propagation Models
• Site templates
• Site display characteristics
• Add sites and cells in the 2D View
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Importing/Defining initial settingsImporting/Defining initial settings
• Importing Antennas: PlaNet/EET format and XML• Import from the provided XML file and do a Global Commit All
• Otherwise, import Antennas on PlaNet/EET format
• Import/Define Feeders• Import from the provided XML file and do a Global Commit All
• Otherwise, define Feeders
• Import/Define Mast Head Amplifiers• Import from the provided XML file and do a Global Commit All
• Otherwise, define Mast Head Amplifiers
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Setting up a Propagation ModelSetting up a Propagation Model
• General Tab• Name
• Frequency
• Mobile Rx Height
• Effective Earth Radius
• Std. deviation of Interference
• Pathloss Tab• K Values
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Std. Macrocell Propagation ModelStd. Macrocell Propagation Model
• COST 231 Okumura-Hata model
• Asset’s Standard Macrocell model
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
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Asset- Hata Models RelationshipAsset- Hata Models RelationshipSection 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
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Standard Macrocell model
Value
K1
K2 44.9
K3
K4 0
K5 -13.82
K6 -6.55
K7 0
Some suggested K valuesSome suggested K valuesSection 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
850/900 MHz 1800/1900 MHz 2100 MHz
K1 150.00 160.00 162.00
K2 38.00 40.00 40.00
K3 -2.55 -2.55 -2.55
K4 0.00 0.00 0.00
K5 -13.82 -13.82 -13.82
K6 -6.55 -6.55 -6.55
K7 0.7 0.8 0.8
Setting up a Propagation ModelSetting up a Propagation Model
• Effective Antenna Height
• Diffraction tab
• Clutter tab
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Setting Display characteristicsSetting Display characteristics
• Nominal Cell Radii: Database → Hexagon Radii
• Display characteristics: Filters → All
• Define visual characteristics for Properties, WMSC’s, SGSN’s, RNC’s, Node B’s and Cells
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Defining a Site Template 1Defining a Site Template 1
• Defining a Site Template: Database → Templates
• Create a Node B template
• At the Node B level: • Set Hexagon radius
• Setup Carriers
• Add antennas with height and azimuth settings
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Defining a Site Template 2Defining a Site Template 2
• At the Node B level:
• CI-RTT parameters: Location Based Services ID (WLCSE ID), Multipath Environment Type and Max front radius are calculated from Tools → LCS+CI-RTT
• Set the Cell Params tab
• Assign a Carrier and set various UMTS parameters
• Set the Antennas to be used by each cell
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Cells Organisation in AssetCells Organisation in Asset
• Sites: A Base station, Node B
• Cells: A sector within a Site
• Cell Layers: GSM850, GSM1900, UMTS etc.
• Antenna Slots: Logical grouping of antennas
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Exercise 5.3 – Setting up a UMTS NetworkExercise 5.3 – Setting up a UMTS Network
• Import 850/900/1800/1900/2100 MHz Antennas (if available)
• Add a Propagation Model for 850/900/1800/1900/2100 MHz
• Set the display characteristics in the “All” Filter
• Create a 3-sector template:
• Select newly created propagation model
• Assign Antennas and configure azimuths and tilts
• Set transmitter PA output to 33-43 dBm depending on technology
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Creating a UMTS Network: Adding Sites/CellsCreating a UMTS Network: Adding Sites/Cells
• From 2D View Menus select “Add Network Element”
• Add an WMSC and SGSN first
• Add an RNC second
• Add Sites according to existing Template
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
The Site DatabaseThe Site Database
• Open at Database → Sites
• Select “Network View”
• Look at the tabs on the Node B level
• Look at the tabs on the Cell level
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Moving/Deleting Sites and changing AzimuthsMoving/Deleting Sites and changing Azimuths
• To move a Site: • from 2D View Menus select either “Move Network Element” or
“Move Property”
• To delete a Site:• from 2D View Menus select “Delete Network Element” or
“Delete Property”
• To change azimuths on cells:• from 2D View Menus select “Re-orientate Antenna”
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Predicting Pilot CoveragePredicting Pilot Coverage
• Predicting Coverage: Tools → Pathloss Predictor
• Select Sites to predict coverage
• Verify that all cells have a Propagation Model
• Set prediction resolution and radius
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Creating Pilot Coverage ArraysCreating Pilot Coverage Arrays
• Arrays → Signal Coverage → UMTS Pilot Coverage Wizard
• Select Carrier to analyse
• Select an array resolution and output to display first
• Finish the Wizard
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Displaying Pilot Coverage ArraysDisplaying Pilot Coverage Arrays
• Data Types → Simulator
• Select to display Pilot Strength
• Display Best Server by Pilot
• Display Pilot Strength• Define a Coverage Schema by double-clicking on the Pilot
Strength option
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Exercise 5.8 – Planning Pilot CoverageExercise 5.8 – Planning Pilot Coverage
• Display a suitable Map and Add a WMSC and a SGSN
• Add an RNC and up to 7 Sites to cover the urbanised clutter regions
• Predict Coverage to a radius of 10Km and with a resolution of 50m
• Display Pilot Strength, Best Server by Pilot and Pilot Strength
• Save as a favourite called: “Sites plus Pilot Coverage Array”
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
UMTS Bearers in Asset3gUMTS Bearers in Asset3g
• In Asset3g there are UL and DL Bearers
• A Bearer is defined by:• It’s Bitrate
• Eb/No Value
• Soft and Softer handover gains
• And other parameters…
• Configuration → Bearers → UMTS
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Bearers Tab 1Bearers Tab 1
• Name Bearer and define UL or DL direction
• The Air Interface bitrate is used when calculating processing gain and Signal to Noise ratio
• The User bitrate is used in calculating cell throughput for different services and in throughput reports
• Air interface and User interface values are typically set to be the same
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Bearers Tab 2Bearers Tab 2
• Control Overhead % may be defined here:• Vendors normally absorb this value on the recommended
Eb/No values and Activity factors. e.g. 58% for voice, with 8% being the OH. In this case, set this value to 0
• Set the Resource consumption in number of physical channels
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Noise Model and Eb/No Speed DeltaNoise Model and Eb/No Speed Delta
• Define noise model: typically Gaussian
• Define link Eb/No• Frame Error Rate comes from previous tab
• You can also define Eb/No with diversity
• Define Eb/No speed dependency• This is the offset in the Eb/No requirement at different speeds
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Additional DL optionsAdditional DL options
• DL Eb/No target reduction• Define the reduction on the Eb/No target for different speeds
and different Ec/Io values
• Max Tx Power in dBm• This is the max Tx power that may be allocated to this Bearer
• If this is exceeded there’ll be a “DL Eb/No range failure”
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Additional UL optionsAdditional UL options
• Power Control Headroom• Establishes a relationship between the different speeds and
Power control headroom requirements
• Also sets the Average Power Rise that this causes
• TXP Gain (Transmit Power)• This represents the gains obtained from soft and softer
handovers
• Results in reduction on the Tx Power reduction on the UL
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Additional UL optionsAdditional UL options
• PR Gain (Power Rise)• Represents the power variations on the UE for the Uplink
• As Eb/No increases due to soft or softer handover there is less power variations
• PCH Gain (Power Control Headroom)• Represents the PC Headroom required at different speeds and
at different Eb/No values
• As Eb/No increases due to soft or softer handover there is less need for Power Control Headroom
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Services in Asset3gServices in Asset3g
• The service parameters that are specified in UMTS characterise the profile of a connection to the network
• Configuration → Services
• Select between CS or PS service type• For CS: select the activity factor. e.g. 58% for voice
• For PS: the activity factor is calculated using the “Packet Switched” tab settings
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
Defining ServicesDefining Services
• Assign a Carrier to support a given service
• Assign UL and DL Bearers for the service
• If PS service, define service characteristics
Section 5 – Setting up a UMTS Network
6- Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network6- Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
Section 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
Defining Terminal TypesDefining Terminal Types
• Configuration → Terminal Types
• Terminal Type basic characteristics:
• How much Traffic will the Terminal Type generate
• How will the Traffic be spread geographically
• Which Services are available to serve the traffic for that Terminal Type
Section 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
Traffic in Asset3gTraffic in Asset3g
• Number of Terminals must refer to active mobiles or mobiles that are expected to simultaneously demand service for the network
• The number of terminals should refer not only to the initial state of the network but should include the planned growth
Section 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
3600)(Mbits/sec rate data
(Mbits)subscriberper demand datassubscriber terminalsActive
service
serviceserviceservice
Traffic RasterTraffic RasterSection 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
• Used to calculate the traffic density map
• Arrays → Traffic → Traffic Array Wizard
• Select Terminal Type
• Select Raster resolution
• Restrict to Coverage option
• Assign Traffic value
• Decide if Traffic is to be spread on a Polygon
Displaying TrafficDisplaying TrafficSection 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
• Show Data Types: Traffic
• Set Display Properties which include:
• Start Value (in T)
• Interval (in T)
Exercise – Producing a Traffic Density RasterExercise – Producing a Traffic Density Raster
• Create a New Terminal Type, name it “Video Telephony”
• For the Clutter Tab enter the weights as described on Training Manual
• On Configuration → Cell Layers make sure that the chosen Cell Layer is on the “Selected” pane
• Go to Arrays → Traffic → Traffic Array Wizard and spread 1000 Terminals to the newly created Terminal Type
Section 6 – Traffic Planning on a UMTS Network
7- The Static Analyser7- The Static Analyser
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Static AnalysisStatic Analysis
• Allows quick determination of key parameters
• Uses a deterministic algorithm: running the analysis several times yields the same results
• It provides per Service and per Carrier measurements
• You need to have a pathloss prediction in memory
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Static Analysis options 1Static Analysis options 1
• Arrays → Static Analysis → UMTS
• Simulation Resolution
• Number of covering cells:• 6-18 to account for effect of surrounding cells (1st or 2nd tiers)
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Static Analysis options 2Static Analysis options 2
• Select Pilot Pollution threshold• Any Pilot signal that has an Ec/Io level higher than this
threshold, and it’s not part of the UE’s active set, will be considered a polluter
• Power Control Std Deviation
• Intra-site/inter-site correlation coefficient: • They are not used in the calculation of noise rise or DL power
on the cell, but they are used during the passive scan stage of Static Analysis
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Cell Loading ParametersCell Loading Parameters
• “Get values from the database” goes to the site database Cell Parameters tab and obtains UL Noise Rise and DL Tx Power
• If UL Noise Rise and DL Tx Power are set to 0, this is equivalent to an unloaded condition
• “Calculate the values” requires a traffic raster in memory to calculate the above values
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Final settings for Static AnalysisFinal settings for Static Analysis
• Select Filter
• Select Terminal Types to Analyse
• Select Arrays to output
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Displaying resultsDisplaying results
• Data Types → Simulator
• Select “per Service” or “per Carrier” statistics
• Display desired statistics
• For some stats, such as Pilot Strength…• Define a Coverage Schema by double-clicking on the Pilot
Strength option
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
Static Analysis StatisticsStatic Analysis Statistics
• Arrays → Static Analysis → Statistics
• Define which arrays to analyse
• Define thresholds
• Select the output format, e.g. Excel
Section 7 – The Static Analyser
8- The Monte Carlo Simulator8- The Monte Carlo Simulator
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Monte Carlo AnalysisMonte Carlo Analysis
• It’s a more complete form of Static Analysis
• More accurate than Static Analysis
• Takes a large number of randomised snapshots of network performance for different terminals over time
• In these snapshots, the UEs are in statistically determined positions and generated independently for each snapshot
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Monte Carlo Static SimulationMonte Carlo Static SimulationSection 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
MC Analysis: InitialisationMC Analysis: Initialisation
• The number of terminals in an active session in a pixel is determined using a Poisson distribution with a mean given by the number of terminals in the traffic array
• At the start of the snapshot the mobile and cell powers are initialised to zero and these are then used to initialise the noise on the uplink and downlink
• Other parameters such as power control error are set randomly on every terminal
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
MC Analysis: Testing procedureMC Analysis: Testing procedure
• The first terminal in the list is tested for failure conditions. If it does not fail, then its Tx power, and the Tx power of the cells to which it is connected, are modified
• The next terminal in the list is then tested for failure conditions and so on
• When the entire list has been tested, the simulator returns to the first terminal and repeats the process. This continues until convergence is reached
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
MC Analysis: Reaching convergenceMC Analysis: Reaching convergence
• When convergence is reached, the results of the snapshot are appended to the results of the overall simulation
• The simulation moves on to the next snapshot
• When the simulation has completed all the specified snapshots, you can view your results using the arrays or view a summary of the data or reports
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
The Monte Carlo SimulatorThe Monte Carlo Simulator
• Arrays → Simulator → Monte Carlo Wizard → UMTS
• Needs a traffic raster in memory to run
• For Jersey, and 7 sites, it takes around 750 snapshots to reach a 95% confidence interval of 2dB
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Simulation ResolutionSimulation Resolution
• The simulation resolution determines the dimensions of the output arrays and produces a grid on which the terminals will be placed
• When the simulation resolution is higher than the resolution of the traffic raster and the coverage predictions, then these would have to be converted
• It is advised that all these resolutions are equal because in the case of large areas with a high number of sites this process may be time consuming
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Number of covering cellsNumber of covering cells
• In general for most environments at least all the first order neighbours must be considered, while the inclusion of second order neighbours should be considered to ensure the accuracy of the results
• For high cell densities (urban areas) it would not sensible to set this value low because a lot of interference coming from many cells is being ignored
• In rural areas setting this parameter very high would result in a very slow simulator process
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Power Control Standard DeviationPower Control Standard Deviation
• The standard deviation for power control error parameter controls the distribution of the power transmitted by successfully served terminals
• A standard deviation value of 0 implies the Eb/No value for each successfully served terminal is achieved perfectly
• In reality this is not the case as imperfect power control produce a log normal distribution of achieved Eb/No values at a cell.
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Running the simulation 1Running the simulation 1
• Simulation Resolution & Number of covering cells:• 6-18 to account for effect of surrounding cells (1st or 2nd tiers)
• Select Pilot Pollution threshold• Any Pilot signal that has an Ec/Io level higher than this threshold,
and it’s not part of the UE’s active set, will be considered a polluter
• Power Control Std Deviation
• Intra-site/inter-site correlation coefficient
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Running the simulation 2Running the simulation 2
• Select the terminals to simulate. If there are no terminals with a traffic raster this screen will be blank
• You could split the simulation into several regions
• You could distribute the processing load amongst several machines
• Select arrays to output
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Running the simulation 3Running the simulation 3
• You could save partial results every “X” minutes
• Define number of iterations per snapshot, 10 is a good number
• Define Max power change % to consider that the simulation snapshot has reached convergence
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Running the simulation 4Running the simulation 4
• Decide whether to use a passive scan terminal:• The passive scan terminal is a virtual terminal that is positioned
in all the pixels of the simulation area after the snapshot has converged
• Predicts the coverage for a particular service and produce a coloured array
• This slows the overall simulation process
• Does not affect the reports/results
• If desired, run a scan every 10 snapshots
• Review the summary of parameters
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Simulation Control PanelSimulation Control Panel
• Decide the number of snapshots to run• If using this option, run at least 1000 snapshots
• Decide if running to a 95% confidence interval
• Click “Run” and wait
• At the end Save the results
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Pausing and restarting the simulationPausing and restarting the simulation
• You can restart or pause a simulation using the Monte Carlo Simulation Control Panel dialog box. If you want to re-run the simulation…
• With new parameters: close the MC simulator and reopen it to set up new parameters
• With the same parameters: click the “Clear Results” button and click “Run” again
• To pause a running simulation click the Stop button
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Viewing simulation resultsViewing simulation results
• Data Types → Simulator
• Select “per Service” or “per Carrier” statistics
• Display desired statistics
• For some stats, such as Pilot Strength…• Define a Coverage Schema by double-clicking on the Pilot
Strength option
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Key Per Server Arrays: Best ServerKey Per Server Arrays: Best Server
• This array displays the cell that can offer a coverage probability above the specified threshold in the settings.
• The coverage threshold is specified by the user and could correspond to the minimum GoS required
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Coverage ProbabilityCoverage Probability
• This array shows the coverage probability for every pixel in the simulation area.
• Without using the passive scan terminal, it shows us the percentage of users that attempted access to the network and were actually successful
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Coverage Probability for the Nth Best ServerCoverage Probability for the Nth Best Server
• This array displays the individual coverage probabilities for the attempts that have been made on all the cells starting from the one that offers the best coverage but continuing to the Nth best server
• What we expect to see is that the coverage probability of the first server is a lot higher than the ones of the second and so on
• We would like to have a dominant best server in every area for optimum distribution of the resources
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Downlink achieved Eb/NoDownlink achieved Eb/No
• The value on the pixel to be displayed here is the mean Eb/No across all the users on that pixel that have made successful access attempts
• Ideally, the Eb/No for a connected user the value would be exactly the one entered in the bitrates. However this is going to vary if we introduce power control error
• The variation on the mean achieved Eb/No is directly related to the standard deviation value of that error which we input in the simulator wizard
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Soft Handover Arrays 1Soft Handover Arrays 1
• Mean number of soft/softer handover cells:• Shows for every pixel the mean number of cells apart from the
primary one that are engaged in soft/softer handover
• Mean size of active set• Shows the mean number of cells that a terminal would be
connected to on each pixel including the primary connection cell
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Soft Handover Arrays 2Soft Handover Arrays 2
• Most probable handover type• Displays the type of handover that will take place provided that
there is a handover happening in that pixel.
• Probability of soft/softer handover• Shows the percentage of terminals, out of the total successful
primary connections, that were able to connect to more than one other cells of the network
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Probability of Low Ec/IoProbability of Low Ec/Io
• The level of the pilot Ec/Io is the primary constraint that has to be met on a carrier before a connection to the network can be established
• There is a combination of two primary reasons that result in such a failure: the path loss and the experienced noise level
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Key Per Carrier Arrays: Best Server by PilotKey Per Carrier Arrays: Best Server by Pilot
• This array provides the means to quickly optimise the coverage of a network by displaying the areas of pilot coverage
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Pilot Ec/IoPilot Ec/Io
• This array displays the level of the primary connection constraint to the network
• Selecting an appropriate pallet would result in quickly identifying areas of coverage for multiple types of terminals with different required Ec/Io
• When it is low then it is necessary to re-optimise pilot coverage
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Mean Number of Pilot PollutersMean Number of Pilot Polluters
• This array will show us for every pixel in the simulation the total number of cells that do not belong in the active set and at the same time have a Ec/Io above the threshold specified in the simulator wizard window
• It is one very important array as we can easily identify the existence of downlink interference in areas where other cells are supposed to be offering service to a user as members of the active set
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
Pilot CoveragePilot Coverage
• The Pilot Coverage array displays the pilot strength in dBm for the selected carrier and is useful when determining pilot interference
• This array shows the same information as the Pilot Strength array, but the powers can be grouped into categories of pilot strength
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
The Pixel Analyser 1The Pixel Analyser 1
• Allows the analysis of the simulation results on a selected pixel
• There are two pixel-analyser modes:
• Hot Tracking (Red): a dynamic analyser. Changes as you move the mouse over the 2D view
• Pixel Select (Black): click on a pixel to display the available info
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
The Pixel Analyser 2The Pixel Analyser 2
• In the Pixel Analyser, select the layer whose information you wish to view
• Click Pixel Column Details and choose the items and thresholds, if applicable
• Click Array Row Selection and choose the arrays you want to view in the Pixel Analyser
Section 8 – The Monte Carlo Simulator
9- Fields and Filters9- Fields and Filters
Section 9 – Fields and Filters
FieldsFieldsSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• Status Fields (Flags) • Used to enable Project Managers to manage and oversee the
progression of the network
• Viewing Fields for Sites or Links: Site Database
• Creating Fields: Enterprise Manager
Exercise – Creating FieldsExercise – Creating Fields
• Go to Enterprise Administrator
• From Utilities select “Field Definition”
• Create Field
• Define Associations
Section 9 – Fields and Filters
Types of FiltersTypes of FiltersSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• Static Filters• Static lists of objects
• Dynamic Filters• The included objects will constantly update as he Network
evolves
FiltersFiltersSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• Use of Filters• Limit the displayed lists of Network elements
• Specify in all Wizards which items to be included
• Limit which items to include in the various Reports
• Creating Public and Personal Filters:• Commit only Public Filters
• Personal Filters stay only “Applied”
Creating FiltersCreating FiltersSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• Database → Filter Wizard
• Dynamic Filters: Follow All steps
• Static Filters: Skip steps 2 and 3
The Selection ExpertThe Selection ExpertSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• An “updatable” static filter that exists only in memory and is not stored in the Database
• Can’t be Applied or Committed
• Can be saved by renaming it to become a normal Static Filter
Advice on faster FiltersAdvice on faster FiltersSection 9 – Fields and Filters
• Eliminate the largest number of unwanted objects first
• Use as few rules as possible
• Run the fastest rule first
10- Visualisers10- Visualisers
Section 10 – Visualisers
VisualisersVisualisersSection 10 – Visualisers
• Allow the display of any items within the Map View, similar to filters
• They are never saved to the Database and therefore have no impact on processing speed
• They do not affect other users
Creating VisualisersCreating VisualisersSection 10 – Visualisers
• Right Click on a Filter Name (like the All filter)
• Right click on Visualiser to give it a name
• Customise Visualiser appearance
11- Candidate Planning11- Candidate Planning
Section 11 – Candidate Planning
Candidate PlanningCandidate PlanningSection 11 – Candidate Planning
• Nominal and Candidate Properties
• Search Area (Ring) definition
• Candidates Configuration is done in:• File → Preferences → Candidate Options
• Different Candidate Options
Site Database ViewsSite Database ViewsSection 11 – Candidate Planning
• Site Database Views• Logical Links
• Physical Links
• Location View
• Network View
• Physical Link or Location View needed to work with Candidates
Assigning CandidatesAssigning CandidatesSection 11 – Candidate Planning
• 2D View Candidate-related Icons• Property Add/ Move/ Delete; Candidate Make/ Break
• Show Search Area/ Candidate Status; Search Area Set/ Cancel
• Using the Search Area:• Click on Search Area button, then click with left mouse button
on nominal property and drag mouse to set search area
• Using the Make Candidates button• Click on Make Candidates button, then click with left mouse
button on nominal property and click on candidate property
Displaying and De-assigning CandidatesDisplaying and De-assigning CandidatesSection 11 – Candidate Planning
• Displaying Candidates button: • Click on a nominal property and candidates will be displayed
• De-assigning Candidates:• Click on Break candidate and then click on candidate
or
• Resize Search Area to exclude candidate
Exercise 11.7 – Candidate PlanningExercise 11.7 – Candidate Planning
• Choose a “Nominal” property
• Add 3 potential candidate properties around nominal property
• Use the “Make candidate” button. View on Site Database, Apply & Commit
• Display Candidates using “Show candidates” button
• Break a Candidate
Section 11 – Candidate Planning
12- Generating Reports12- Generating Reports
Section 12 – Generating Reports
Generating Reports & PlotsGenerating Reports & PlotsSection 12 – Generating Reports
• Arrays → Simulator → Reports
• Arrays → Simulator → Statistics
• Reports → Site Node Reporter
13- Planning Neighbours13- Planning Neighbours
Section 13 – Planning Neighbours
Planning NeighboursPlanning NeighboursSection 13 – Planning Neighbours
• A handover relationship from one cell to a Neighbour cell, can be directional or mutual
• Adding Neighbours graphically: Add Neighbours button
• Displaying Neighbours button
• Deleting Neighbours
Manual Neighbours planningManual Neighbours planningSection 13 – Planning Neighbours
• Site Database → “Cell” → Neighbours
• Click on “Add”, enter a Cell ID and click “Find”
• Tick on relevant box to make a Neighbour
• Define Neighbour Type and Margins
Exercise 13.5 – Manual Neighbour PlanningExercise 13.5 – Manual Neighbour Planning
• Follow Exercise steps as presented on the Training Manual
Section 13 – Planning Neighbours
Automatic Neighbour GenerationAutomatic Neighbour GenerationSection 13 – Planning Neighbours
• A Best Server Coverage Array is needed or an Interference Table
• Tools → Neighbours → Neighbours Wizard
• Two ways of finding Neighbours:• Using the Best Server Array- Simpler & Faster
• Using Overlapping Areas- More Accurate & Less Simple
Analysing NeighboursAnalysing NeighboursSection 13 – Planning Neighbours
• A Neighbours Analysis Report is created
• Some important parameters from the Report are:
• State: Create. Displayed only if the neighbour relationship exists in the neighbour plan
• Direction: Inward, Outward, Mutual
• Click on “Update Database”
Exercise 13.8 – Automatic Neighbour PlanningExercise 13.8 – Automatic Neighbour Planning
• Follow Exercise steps as presented on the Training Manual
Section 13 – Planning Neighbours
14- The Scrambling Code Planner14- The Scrambling Code Planner
Section 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
The Scrambling Code PlannerThe Scrambling Code PlannerSection 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
• The UMTS Scrambling Code Planner is used to assign primary scrambling codes to individual cells.
• Scrambling codes do not affect the simulation but the tool is useful for making code re-use efficient in the network.
• Uses information from Neighbours. So, before running this planner ensure you have Neighbours information in the database
The Scrambling Code SchemasThe Scrambling Code SchemasSection 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
• Configuration → UMTS Scrambling Code Schemas
• The scrambling code schema allows you to create a range of code groups and codes within a code group to plan in the Scrambling Code Planner
• There are 64 code groups to use each consisting of eight primary scrambling codes. Each group of codes starts at 0 and ends at 7
Adding a Scrambling Code SchemaAdding a Scrambling Code SchemaSection 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
• Click Add Schema and name the schema that appears
• Select the code groups that you want to use. When you select a code group, the list of codes within the code group appears in the right pane. Select the codes for each code group
• Click OK to commit the changes
Planning Scrambling Codes 1Planning Scrambling Codes 1Section 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
• Tools → Scrambling Code Wizard
• To define the area over which you want to plan codes for, either manually enter co-ordinates or click the Select View button then click in an open Map View window to select it
• Click Next and select the site filters to be included in the plan.
Planning Scrambling Codes 2Planning Scrambling Codes 2Section 14 – The Scrambling Code Planner
• Some key parameters include:
• Code re-use distance:
• You can specify the minimum distance between each cell within the plan to ensure they have a different code
• Consider other cells under the same Node B:• Selecting this check box will ensure that the cells on the same
Node B regardless of carrier are all allocated unique Scrambling Codes
UMTS Network ExerciseUMTS Network ExerciseSection 15 – UMTS Network Exercise
The Packet QOS Analyser 1The Packet QOS Analyser 1Section – The Packet QoS Analyser
• You can predict the packet traffic delays by using the Packet QoS Analysis
• It is a DL cell level simulation, with 10 ms (single radio frame) resolution
• The packet transmission delays through a cell are modelled by a queuing system, which has a time-series of packet traffic offered to it.
• Arrays → QoS Analysis Wizard
The Packet QOS Analyser 2The Packet QOS Analyser 2Section – The Packet QoS Analyser
• After running the simulation for a specified period of time, you can view the results as graphs and spreadsheets
• The graphs include the cumulative delay distributions of the packet services on each cell, enabling you to read off percentile delays.