Assessing person-centredness: the Person-centred Practice Index

by Dr Paul Slater

Background Person-centred Practice

Evidence relating to Person-centred Practice

A dearth of psychometrically acceptable instruments to measure Person-centred Practice

Background The Proxy measures: PCNI/PCCI tools

measured:1. Work Stress2. Job Satisfaction3. Organisational Traits4. Perceptions of caring

Proxy measures – not direct measures

Background Summary Need to develop a tool that effectively measures

person-centred practice

Establish the psychometric properties of the instrument

PCPI Development Instrument Design: 5 Stage Process

1. Exploration of Theoretical Principles 2. Mapping to sample (Delphi technique)3. Questionnaire development4. Testing for reliability and validity5. Amendment and acceptance

Person-centred Practice Framework (PCPF)

Delphi Technique

Two stages:1. To gain agreement on the 17 definitions of

PCPF

2. Gain consensus on questionnaire items aligned to the definitions

Delphi Technique Definitions generated

Sample: International Expert Panel (n = 36)1. Recognised Expert in the field2. At least one publication in area3. Willing to participate4. Expert in questionnaire development (stage II only)

Delphi Technique

Definition rated on 4-point Likert scale

Consensus achieved at 80% (Keeney et al 2011) Median of 3.25 (Green 1982) Accepted definitions removed at each round

Consensus Round 1 - 11 definitions accepted (n = 26)

Round 2 – 2 definitions accepted (n = 21)

Round 3 – 4 definitions accepted (n = 19)

Item generation

108 potential items generated

PCPRG and Expert Panel (Research Week) 5-point Likert Scale “How well the items accurately measure the

definition” Response rate n = 26 14 items removed:

The Person-centred Practice Index (PCPI)

Maps directly to PCPF

Comprises 94 closed question items

Measuring 17 Constructs

Rated on 5-point Likert Scale

The Person-centred Practice Index (PCPI)

Currently testing psychometric properties:• Large scale study in 4 Trusts• Registered Nurses• Finalise instrument items

Initial findings very encouraging• Strong measures of reliability and validity• Questionnaire available Nov 2013