1900 Boxer rebellion in China

1900 Russia annexes Manchuria

1902 Anglo-Japanese Alliance agreed

1902 Series of commercial treaties between

China and Britain, United States, and Japan

1902 Ibn Saud captures Riyadh, beginning the

creation of Saudi Arabia

1903 British viceroy of India (Lord Curzon)

sends an expedition into Tibet

1905 Japan presses Korea to sign a treaty

whereby Japan protects Korea

1905 Japanese navy fights and defeats

Russian fleet in Tsushima strait 1907 Emperor

Kojong of Korea abdicates; he is succeeded

by his son Sujong

1908 Death of Chinese empress dowager Cixi

and of the Guangxu emperor

1911-12 Chinese rebellion against Manchus; republic is established, Sun Yat-sen first president, but warlords gain power

1912-26 Taisho period in Japan

1912 Japan constructs its first dreadnought battleship

1913 China recognizes Outer Mongolia as independent

1913 Indian poet, Rabindranath Tagore, awarded Nobel Prize for Literature

1916 Beginning of Arab revolt against Ottoman Turks in Hijaz

1916 Hussein proclaims himself King of the

Arabs

1917 Balfour Declaration promises homeland

for Jews in Palestine

1917 British troops capture Baghdad and

Jerusalem

1917-25 Sun Yat-sen struggles for leadership

of Chinese republic

1918 Emir Faisal proclaims Syrian state;

becomes king in

PEACE AND WAR

1919 British troops massacre over 300 Indian

civilians at Amritsar

1920 Palestine becomes British mandate

1920 Indian leader Gandhi launches peaceful

non-cooperation movement against British

rule