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As Europeans searched for sea routes to Asia, Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas.
Why Explore?
Henry the Navigator
Started a school on the coast Portugal. Organized sailing expeditions.Motivations –
Find African goldLearn more about geographySpread Christianity
Bartolomeu DiasPortuguese develop a new ship called the Caravel
Triangular sails made it faster/betterDias will sail in a caravel and reach the southern tip of Africa.
Named is the Cape of Good Hope Bc they hoped they had found a route to Asia.
Vasco da GamaTen years later, da Gama follows Dias’s route
Continues north around Africa and reaches India
First person to find an all-water route to Asia
Portugal Grows RichPortugal will take control of the spice trade
after finding the all-water route.This made the people their rich
Spain and other European Rivals want their own part in this profitable trade.They start looking for an all-water route.
Christopher ColumbusItalian sailor, Christopher Columbus thought he
knew a faster way to reach Asia.Instead of going East, his plan was to go west
across the Atlantic because he thought it would be faster.He made 2 mistakes
Wrong about the size of Asia Underestimated the distance around the globe
In 1483 he asked the King of Portugal to sponsor his voyage –they turned him down.In 1486 he asked their rival, Spain.
King Ferdinand and Queen IsabellaThey liked Columbus’s plan because they
wanted a share of the rich Asian trade.The Queen was a strong Catholic and wanted
to spread Christianity.Reservations-
1. Advisors had doubts about Columbus’s calculations.
2. Spain was in a costly war to drive the Muslims out of Spain.
3. Columbus was asking high prices for his payment.
Setting SailAfter their war with the Muslims ended, they
agreed to sponsor Columbus. Columbus assembled 3 ships:
1. Nina2. Pinta3. Santa Maria
About 90 men loaded the ships with enough supplies for 1 year.
Once aboard the ship Columbus kept a log about the journey.
Reaching the Americas
Reaching the AmericasColumbus thought he reached the Indies,
islands of southeast Asia.He and his men were greeted by the Taino people,
but Columbus mistakenly called them Indians.Claimed and named the Island San Salvador.
Reaching the AmericasEager to reach Japan, He left San Salvador
with Taino as guides.For three months traveled through the
Caribbean.Finally landed on an island he named
Española (Hispaniola)There Columbus found gold and was convinced
he found Asia. Returned home leaving 39 of his men on Hispaniola.
By the time he returned 10 months later, the Taino killed everyone.
Reaching the AmericasIn January 1493, returned to Spain, believing
he had found a new route to Asia… …No one knew he had landed near continents
entirely unknown to Europeans. Never brought back treasures. Didn’t spread Christianity. Enslaved and Mistreated Natives. He died in 1506, believing he had reached Asia.
Spain Grows PowerfulBegan an era of great wealth and power for
Spain.As Spain’s wealth grew, England, France and other
countries began sending voyages to the Americas.