DECLARATIONI Shwetha Dorothy John, a bonafide student of Department of Sociology, Stella Maris college, would like to declare that the project Entitled A Study And Observation Of An Ngo Of ARUWE is in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the B.A Sociology Degree of Stella Maris is my original work. Place:

Date:

(SHWETHA DOROTHY JOHN)INDEX

1.Meaning Of Non Governmental Organization.2.Definition Of Non Profit Organization.3.Introduction To Non Governmental Organization As A 3rd Sector.4.Aruwe Organizational Profile.4.1Mission Of Aruwe.4.2Role Of Aruwe.4.3Value Of Aruwe.4.4Financial Management Of Aruwe.4.5 Abbrevation5.Projects Of Aruwe.6. Objectives Of The Above Projects.7. Study Component - An Illustration Of The Field Work Project.8. The Philosophy Of Aruwe.9. Management Of Ngos.10. Design And Implementation.11.Strength Of Aruwe.11. Weakness Of Aruwe. 12. Conclusion.13. Suggestions.NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION (NGO)

1. Meaning Of A Ngo.Anon-governmental organizationornon-governmental organisationin English (NGO) is an organization that is neither a part of a government nor a conventional for-profit business. Usually set up by ordinary citizens, NGOs may be funded by governments, foundations, businesses, or private persons. Some avoid formal funding altogether and are run primarily by volunteers. NGOs are highly diverse groups of organizations engaged in a wide range of activities, and take different forms in different parts of the world. Some may have charitable status, while others may be registered for tax exemption based on recognition of social purposes. Others may be fronts for political, religious or other interest groups.

The number of NGOs operating in theUnited Statesis estimated at 1.5 million..Russiahas 277,000 NGOs.Indiais estimated to have had around 2 million NGOs in 2009, just over one NGO per 600 Indians, and many times the number of primary schools and primary health centres in India.

2. Definition Of NgoNGOs are difficult to define, and the term 'NGO' is not used consistently. As a result, there are many different classifications in use. The most common focus is on 'orientation' and 'level of operation'. An NGO's orientation refers to the type of activities it takes on. These activities might include human rights, environmental, or development work. An NGO's level of operation indicates the scale at which an organization works, such as local, regional, national or international.

One of the earliest mentions of the term "NGO" was in 1945, when the United Nations (UN) was created. The UN, which is an inter-governmental organization, made it possible for certain approved specialized international non-state agenciesi.e., non-governmental organizationsto be awarded observer status at its assemblies and some of its meetings. Later the term became used more widely. Today, according to the UN, any kind of private organization that is independent from government control can be termed an "NGO", provided it is not-for-profit, non-criminal and not simply an opposition political party.

One characteristic these diverse organizations share is that their non-profit status means they are not hindered by short-term financial objectives. Accordingly, they are able to devote themselves to issues which occur across longer time horizons, such as climate change, malaria prevention or a global ban on landmines. Public surveys reveal that NGOs often enjoy a high degree of public trust, which can make them a useful - but not always sufficient - proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders.3. Introduction To Ngo As A 3rd Sector.Definitionofthird sectorin English: The part of an economy or society comprising non-governmental and non-profit-making organizations or associations, including charities, voluntary and community groups, cooperatives, etc. Voluntaryor non-profitsectorof aneconomy; described by Jim Joseph President,CouncilOnFoundations) as "anintermediaryspace betweenbusinessandgovernmentwhere privateenergycan be deployed forpublic good." Alsocalled Tertiary Sector.Examples of 3rd sector.

Oxfam, Red Cross, Mind,

YMCA,

Church of England,

Shelter,

RSPCA,

Cancer Research, Macmillan Cancer Nurses, Salvation Army,

Scout and Guide movement,

Youth Hostel AssociationARUWE

TO LIVE IS TO LOVE

Organization Profile:GenesisStarted in early 1993 by group of professional social workers to support destitute elders, we have expanded our scope to include the needs of pavement dwellers, deprived and disadvantaged children, women and girls in crisis, and migrant workers. We primarily work in and around Ayanavaram zone of Chennai Corporation.

Chennai has seen unprecedented growth in recent years. But this growth has a price. A growing population of disadvantaged people living on the edges of society, struggling to make a life in impoverished living spaces. In 1993: Aruwe was under the Societys Act. Later it changed to Trusts Act in the year 2000.

In 1993, Medical Camp was begun with Family councelling. In 1994, Day Care Centre was begun. Joining the Drop out children into Schools.

In 1995, Students started coming from various colleges as volunteers for field work.

In 1996 / 1997, Supportive Supplement Education was given to the children.

In 1997, Accommodation of elders.

In 1998, Self Help Groups SHG, Were begun.

In 1999, Campus was held for Diseases.

In 2001, Medical Care was held wit tie ups with the other NGOs like Nal Manam.

In 2002, Annual Fund Raising was held. With the help of corporate chill out, and Celebrity welcome.

In 2003, Nutrition Project was held, with 80 children.

In 2004, Homeless Children Project was held.

In 2005, Corporate Social Responsibility a part of Ngo.

In 2006, Community mental health was given to the Aruwe people by the Rajin hospital.

In 2007 / 2008, Transformation of Lives of homeless.

In 2009, Drop in centre for children.

In 2010, Tailor institute for women was begun.

In 2011, shelter was provided for the homeless children.

In 2012, Reserve centre for girls reception unit. (Juvenile home).

In 2013, Reserve centre for boys reception unit. (Juvenile home ).

In 2014, Aruwe Human service. Workshop on skills, obedience, personality, development. For parents, teachers, and students.

Mission Of Aruwe In the age of deteriorating concern and care for fellow humans, ARUWEs core mission is to serve the urban poor. Role Of AruweServing the urban poor : Facilities to take Reaching out to the poor people on the streets, giving them a meal to eat. Young kids are given help from them in the way of tuitions.Supporting the Destitute Elderly :

Care for abandoned elderly remains the core of are work. We provide residential and day care about 30 persons. At ARUWE these dear ones receive the best of medical care, recreational opportunities, nutrition, income, generation options, legal aid, and are encouraged to learn skills that will make their lives meaningful. Supporting the needy :

The urban poor are among the most disenfranchised and neglected communities. ARUWE sensitizes local communities to their rights and entitlements. We facilitate their movements to greater responsibility and orient them towards savings and help them in accessing intuitional credit. We also provide referral services according to their specific needs and interventions services among women and girls in crisis. Community mental health :Abnormally high suicide rates In the Ayanavaram area promoted us to initiate the Community Mental Health Project. We provide need based counselling, promote an awareness of Mental Health, and enhance the communitys ability to cope with stress. Persons with mental illness or retardation are referred to suitable agencies and significant importance is given to a Child Mental Health especially with respect to attitudes towards academic pressure, parental and community expectation. This is further used as an opportunity to build in knowledge and awareness on life skills and, adolescent concerns. This community outreach programme happens every alternate weekend and targets especially vulnerable pockets such as Seethathopu, Ayanayaram Housing Board and Solai Street. Service for Disadvantaged Children :

Children are among the most marginalized in our experience. Impoverished dwelling places, lack of coherent urban amenities and basic services, as well as poor socio economic conditions create a hazardous environment for a childs growth and development. School drop outs are common and families prefer their children working as it adds to the household income. ARUWE works to reduce the vulnerability of these children by providing supplementary education, scholarships, uniforms, and other essentials that will reduce the economic burden on their parents. We also run a nutritious meal program for about 50 of the marginalized children who we learnt were denied evening meals due to financial hardship. These children are also given a monthly health check-up. Other Services :

In addition we also support needy youth, the homeless on New Avadi Road, migrant construction workers, and also run a Drop-In Centre for Street Children and Children in Need. Values Compassion, Commitment, Competency, and Support.

Financial ManagementCorporate Sponsorships and celebratity cultural programme in which those tickets are sold in crowd and that money is given to ARUWE.

ABBREVATIONS:

ARUWE Action for Rural Womens Empowerment

VHTs Village Health Teams

AIDS Acute Immune Defiency Syndrome

WHHS Women Headed Households

HIV Human Immune Virus

TOT Training of Trainers

WC Women Councils

VHTs Village Health Teams

CBFs Community Based Facilitators

HO Health Officers

GBV Gender Based Violence

CHE Community Health EducatorsProject Of The OrganizationThere are totally 4 projects in ARUWE as of now. The below are the following Projects.

1.Children and Adolences Bala Vidya (Education), and Bala Arokia (Nutrition Food).

2.Sri Shakti Neithal Koodam (Residential Care for Ladies).

3.Elders and Day Care Centre.

4.Community Outreach Samuga Manam Arokia Nugam.

Objectives Of The Above ProjectsCHILDREN AND ADOLENCES

Bala Vidya To provide Education Support and Holistic Development to Children who belong to the urban poor.

Bala Arokia To provide nutritional support to children and night meal to enhance their functions across life domains.

Sri Shakti To conduct Gender empowerment program tohelp in revising the marginalization of women. Neithal Koodam serves to train women on tailoring and thereby enhancing their economic status.

Elders Day Care Centre

Food and shelter is given, destitute elderly women are taken care of well as they are given to the right quality of life. To provide councelling and recreation activities to the community.Community Outreach

Sensitize the community to mental health issues, Identifying persons with mental health problems, Provide treatments, rehabilitations, service theory and relief and linkages.

To promote help and prevention of diseases, early diagnostic treatments and follow up of diseases and provision of health and environment.

STUDY COMPONENT AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE FIELD BASED PROJECT.Our field visit commenced from 19th August till 22nd August. It begun in a Informal way with 9of us in a group.

Day 1:

History of the Organization.

We begun are project by 1st knowing the History of the Ngo. Ms. Tara (Project Manager) Explained to us about how ARUWE was begun, and Why it was begun.

ARUWE is a Public Charitable Trust run by a group of committed social work professionals who are concerned about the welfare of the elderly destitute and deprived children.

It caters to the emergent needs of the destitute elderly, pavement dwellers, women and girls in crisis and disadvantaged children. About 130 disadvantaged children and children at risk are provided supplementary tuition classes, counseling, uniform, nutritional support and other educational assistance.

About 35 elderly destitute access day care as well as residential care. These and various other urban poor living around the Ayanavaram zone of the Chennai corporation form part of ARUWEs growing family.

It wasstarted for the weaker sections of the society, like the Elders, Children and Women. Initially Aruwe was doing Community Services like conducting Awareness Programmes, Health Camps and Referral Services. Hence we were catalyst between the people and the Government Organizations and Non-government Organizations. Through our limited contacts we were able to help many people in need.

In this due course we identified that it was the elders who required basic needs like Food and Shelter. Hence we decided to give them a meal everyday. With regard to this we approached our friends who came forward to help us in feeding these elders. We started with three deserving elders and within a month we had seven more elders. They were Deserving Homeless Elders.

To render Community Services ARUWE had adopted three communities in and around Ayanavaram from where we had identified 25 single parent children who was in need of Educational Assistance. Family Counsellors were appointed to deal severe marital problem and guide them on Family & Child Welfare.

We ended the Day by knowing about the NGO ARUWE. DAY 2:

Rapport Building We had an interaction session, between the women and us. There were many ups and downs, while the interaction, as few women were aggressive and few women were soft spoken. After which we conducted a small game for the women there. The name of the game was Blind Folded Bindi . The game was organised just to make a chill out with the women there. It ended well.

DAY 3:

Activity The 3rd day, it was filled only with activities and yoga. We taught them yoga, they really cooperated with us, and they in fact told us to teach them more of asana. We made them feel the peace of mind, for a time being. But not for a long time, as they have their hard core problems deep in their heart. We wanted to make the session lite, so we made them to play paper pyramids. They really took it sportive and played it very well. On the whole, we had a good time. After which we left the place .We had melodies time, as few women sung for us. They told us their family issues as to how they were brought in to this ARUWE ngo. After which we left, as it was time to leave the ngo.

DAY 4:

Video We played them many clippings on the topic (Togetherness) as there was no bonding among each other there. They always had quarrel among themselves. There was no proper unity. After watching the video, their reactions were different. There would be no big change, as its gone deep into them, not to accept each other. So the video was not that much effective. As it was our last day of observation, we spent time talking with the elderly women there. Before we could leave the reactions of the elderly women here really touching. They didnt want us to leave the place. They got attached to us that were the high light. But not all of them. It was only few of them.

Our Four Day Observation Of Aruwe Has Come To An End.8.The Philosophy Of AruweAction for Rural Womens Empowerment (ARUWE) is a non-profit, on Governmental Organization working with marginalized groups of people especially the rural Women Farmers in Uganda. ARUWE evolved from Nsangi Rural development Association (NRDA)

which was originally founded in 2000 as a community based organization working on Women . Empowerment. In April 2008, ARUWE was fully registered as company limited by guarantee number 97095 and NGO with number S.5914/7266 with the purpose of improving the livelihoods of the rural marginalized Women farmers and their children through food Security and environment, health, economic empowerment, human rights and HIV/AIDS. ARUWE is a registered member to different Networks which include; NGO forum, National

Association of Women organizations in Uganda (NAWOU), Uganda Water and Sanitation NGO Network (UWASNET) and Development Network for Indigenous Voluntary Associations (DENIVA) and ICON partners This organization is one that has combined with technical assistance for rural women With empowerment and training programs. As a model of operation ARUWE has encouraged village women to organize themselves into groups specially in the central region of Uganda which has created cohesiveness within members of the groups. Instead of struggling alone, now these women and work together to solve problems. ARUWE has focused on participatory, sustainable and empowerment projects.

Management Of The NgoStaffingSome NGOs are highly professionalized and rely mainly on paid staff. Others are based around voluntary labour and are less formalized. Not all people working for non-governmental organizations arevolunteers.

Many NGOs are associated with the use of international staff working in 'developing' countries, but there are many NGOs in both North and South who rely on local employees or volunteers. There is some dispute as to whetherexpatriatesshould be sent to developing countries. Frequently this type of personnel is employed to satisfy adonorwho wants to see the supported project managed by someone from anindustrialized country. However, the expertise of these employees or volunteers may be counterbalanced by a number of factors: the cost offoreignersis typically higher, they have nograssroots connectionsin the country they are sent to, and local expertise is often undervalued.

The NGO sector is an essential employer in terms of numbers.For example, by the end of 1995,CONCERN worldwide, an international Northern NGO

working against poverty, employed 174 expatriates and just over 5,000 national staff working in ten developing countries.

FundingWhether the NGOs are small or large, various NGOs need budgets to operate. The amount of budget that they need would differ from NGOs to NGOs. Unlike small NGOs, large NGOs may have annual budgets in the hundreds of millions or billions of dollars. For instance, the budget of theAmerican Association of Retired Persons(AARP) was over US$540 million in 1999.Funding such large budgets demands significant fundraising efforts on the part of most NGOs. Major sources of NGO funding are membership dues, the sale ofgoodsand services, grants from international institutions or national governments, and private donations. Several EU-grants provide funds accessible to NGOs.

Even though the term "non-governmental organization" impliesindependencefrom governments, many NGOs depend heavily on governments for their funding.A quarter of the US$162 million income in 1998 of thefamine-relieforganizationOxfamwas donated by the British government and the EU. The Christian relief and development organizationStates collected US$55 million worth of goods in 1998 from the American government.

Government funding of NGOs is controversial, since, according to David Rieff, writing inThe New Republic, "the whole point of humanitarian intervention was precisely that NGOs and civil society had both a right and an obligation to respond with acts of aid and solidarity to people in need or being subjected to repression or want by the forces that controlled them, whatever the governments concerned might think about the matter.Some NGOs, such asGreenpeacedo not accept funding from governments or intergovernmental organizations.

Design And Implementation This Strategic Plan provides ARUWE with a 5-year roadmap for support, services and Organization development. The Board of Directors, management and staff will review progress and update the plan annually but also whenever need arises.

The document assesses both the challenges and opportunities it is likely to face over the next 5 years and sets the context for the choices reflected in this strategic plan. Therefore, this plan will help to strengthen the achievements of the organization, further re-organize and Market the NGOs programmes in the Districts of operation, focusing the attention in the upcoming 5 years.Strengths Of AruweARUWEs key strengths include;

The organizations demonstrated ability to provide high quality, necessary services, which help women and their children live a full life in the community.

Increased excellence and productivity. ARUWE has increased in terms of it mandate, staff and financial resources. It has expanded its programmes and activities to new areas

ARUWE has become more aware of other players and has developed collaboration and partnerships to mitigate conflict circumstances. This has increased ARUWEs knowledge and awareness about peace building processes.

Increased participation and networking capacities where ARUWE has been called upon to different fora and activities and this has strengthened its ability to facilitate better networking opportunities.

ARUWE Staff is committed, empowered and the services and programs offered are monitored for quality.

WEAKNESS OF ARUWE

1)Limited finance resources that inhibits rapid response to challenges in the community.

2)Need to increase staff skill capacity

3)Need to improve electronic and hard copy document ConclusionI would like to conclude by saying, few things about the organizational visit. As in the organization given to me was really a good one to observe. ARUWE taught me many values for life. Instance, how to respect our parents and that we should not leave them alone in their old age. It has created an impact, on me. When the aged women spoke to me, about their life, it really disturbed me. It was full of pain and sorrow.Few women their like to b apart of ARUWE, some do not, but they are there because they have no other place to go.

Over all I had a good experience in ARUWE. Personally I would like to thank you ARUWE for allowing me to observe your organization for those 4 days.

A special thanks to the subject teacher of Ngo, Ms. ISHWARIYA, for giving me such an opportunity to visit and observe ARUWE.

Suggestions1) My View towards ARUWE is that ARUWE is being organized and coordinated in a good way.

2) There is no human in ARUWE working for their own profit, like the bogus ngos.

3) All the funds are being used correctly and each pie is documented.

a. ARUWE could change their location to a better place as there is no proper accommodation.

b. There are no permanent volunteers for ARUWE.

c. It should start collaborating with the high scale ngos for its betterment.

d. The time span of observation could be increased and the timings should have been more flexible.

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