ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRAA Lbl Model Intercomparison

Franz Schreier1, Sebastián Gimeno García1,Mathias Milz2, Ajil Kottayil2

.1. DLR — Remote Sensing Technology Institute, Oberpfaffenhofen, GERMANY

2. LTU — Lulea University of Technology, Kiruna, SWEDEN

ARTS Workshop 2014

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 1

Introduction — Motivation

Verification and validation:one of the most important steps of code developmentQuality of radiative transfer models critical for atmospheric remotesensing productsDozen(s) of RT model intercomparisons, incl. Lbl models, e.g.

I AMIL2DA: KOPRA vs. GARLIC and some moreI IRTMW01: ARTS vs. GARLIC and some othersI Kristineberg 2009: ARTS vs. KOPRA

I ARTS – GARLIC – KOPRA ?!?!?

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 2

Outline

1 The codes

2 Lbl Intercomparisons

3 Data and Assumptions

4 Results

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 3

ARTS — Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator

Originally developed for microwave applicationsI Nadir: AMSU-B, MHS, HIRS, . . .I Limb: Odin, SMILES, . . .I Uplooking: MIAWARA, AMSOS, . . .

Continuum: MT-CKD 2.0

S. Bühler, P. Eriksson et al., JQSRT 91, 65–93, 2005P. Eriksson, S. Bühler et al., JQSRT 112, 1551-1558, 2011

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 4

GARLIC — Generic Atmospheric Radiation Lbl Infrared Code

Line shapes: Voigt, VanVleck⊗Doppler, LorentzLine data: HITRAN, HITEMP, GEISA, JPL, . . .Continua: CKD 2.0 (H2O, CO2, N2, O2), “dry air” (Liebe)Geometries: Limb, uplooking, downlooking (refraction optional)Instruments: Spectral response: FTS, Heterodyne, Fabry–Perot, . . .

Field-of-view: Box, Gauss, Trapez, . . .Implementation: FORTRAN 2008, all data read from external filesInversion: Jacobians by automatic differentationExtensions: (multiple) scattering infrared radiative transfer:

J. Mendrok: SARTRE — approx. spherical geo (GRL 2007)M. Vasquez: cloudy exo-planet atmospheres (A&A 2013a,b)

F. Schreier et al. JQSRT, 137, 29–50, 2014

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 5

KOPRA — Karlsruhe Optimized & Precise Radiative transfer Algorithm

Originally developed for mid infraredI Fourier transform spectroscopyI Limb: MIPAS-Envisat, MIPAS-balloonI Limb+uplooking: MIPAS-STR, GLORIAI Uplooking, solar absorption: FTIR KirunaI non-LTE and (single) scattering

Continuum:H2O: CKD 2.4, CO2: ??, N2: Lafferty AO’96, O2: Tibault 97

G. Stiller, T. von Clarmann, B. Funke, N. Glatthor, F. Hase, M. Höpfner and A. Linden, JQSRT 72, 249–280, 2002

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 6

Outline

1 The codes

2 Lbl Intercomparisons

3 Data and Assumptions

4 Results

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 7

AMIL2DA — Advanced MIPAS Level 2 Data Analysis

Intercomparison ofalgorithms and data analysisstrategies used by fiveEuropean groupsSeries of exercises: fromsimple cell transmission tomore realistic radianceExercise 20:Limb with tangent @ 40 km,apodized FTS line shape,finite field-of-view;H2O, CO2, O3, N2O, CH4;HITRAN 98 andCKD-continuum

T. von Clarmann et al. JQSRT, 78, 281–407, 20021,215 1,215.5 1,216 1,216.5 1,2170

50

100

Wavenumber ν [cm−1]

Rad

ian

ceI[ n

W/(c

m2

srcm

−1)]

KOPRAGARLIC

1,215.5 1,216 1,216.5

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

∆I

[ nW/(c

m2

srcm

−1)]

BexpODtrapez-pathtrapez-Laguerre

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 8

IRTMW01

Intercomparison of 8 µW codesSeries of 5 “cases”, starting withline shape and absorptionFull RT incl. FoV and SRFall geometries

Case 3 Uplooking RAM-like

0

10

20

30

40

Tem

per

atu

reTB

[K]

ARTS 0dgARTS 60dgGARLIC 0dgGARLIC 60dg

−0.1

−0.05

0

∆TB

[K]

avintBexpODHermitetrapez-pathtrapez-Laguerre

4.72 4.73 4.74 4.75 4.76

−0.2

−0.1

0

Wavenumber ν [cm−1]

∆TB

[K]

avintBexpODHermitetrapez-pathtrapez-Laguerre

Case 3 Downlooking AMSU-like

2.90 2.95 3.000.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

∆T

B [K

]

268.4

268.8

269.2

269.6

270

Equiv

ale

nt T

em

pera

ture

TB [K

]

ARTS 180dg

ARTS 130dg

GARLIC TL 180dg

GARLIC TL130dg

4.95 5 5.05

Wavenumber [cm−1

]

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

avint

B exp OD

Hermite

path trapez

trapez−Laguerre

267.5

268

268.5

269

269.5

270

5.8 6 6.2 6.4

−2

0

2

4

6

235

240

245

250

255

260

265

0.22

0.23

0.24

0.25

0.26

0.27

∆T

B [K

]

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

−2

0

2

4

6

C. Melsheimer et al. Radio Science, 40, RS1007, 2005

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 9

Kristineberg 2009 — M. Milz: ARTS IR Application

Motivation:Nadir sounding with similargeometry as AMSU-B /MHS since early 80’sConclusion:Good agreementARTS–KOPRA(and LblRTM)Outlook:Update continuum

Radiances  for  one  channel  

0 10 20 30 40 500

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000HIRS Channel #07 for all Profiles

0 10 20 30 40 504000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000HIRS Channel #08 for all Profiles

0 10 20 30 40 502000

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4000

5000

6000

7000

8000HIRS Channel #09 for all Profiles

0 10 20 30 40 502000

4000

6000

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10000

12000

14000

16000HIRS Channel #10 for all Profiles

0 10 20 30 40 50500

1000

1500

2000

2500HIRS Channel #11 for all Profiles

0 10 20 30 40 50200

250

300

350

400

450

500HIRS Channel #12 for all Profiles

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 10

Outline

1 The codes

2 Lbl Intercomparisons

3 Data and Assumptions

4 Results

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 11

GARAND atmospheres

200 250 300Temperature [K]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Alti

tude

[km

]

100

101

102

103

104

H2O [ppm]

Garand Atmospheres

0 2 4 6 8 10O3 [ppm]

L. Garand et al. JGR, 106, 24017, 2001Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 12

HIRS — High Resolution Infrared Sounder

19 infrared channel scanning radiometer used for operational atmosphericsounding by NASA/NOAA and EUMETSAT.CO2 absorption bands for temperature sounding. Also measures water vapour,ozone, N2O and cloud and surface temperatures.

500 1000 1500 2000 2500wavenumber [cm

−1]

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Tra

nsm

issi

on

H2OO3COCH4CO2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Tra

nsm

issi

on

0

5

10

Rad

ianc

e [µ

W /

(cm

2 sr

cm

−1 )

]

0

0.1

0.2

Res

pons

e

NO

AA

17!

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 13

Further Assumptions

HITRAN 2004, “main” molecules onlyContinuum: CKD or MT-CKDVoigt line shape (no prefactor)Geometry: nadir (downlooking 180◦), no FoVSurface temperature Tsurf = Tatm(0 km)

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 14

Outline

1 The codes

2 Lbl Intercomparisons

3 Data and Assumptions

4 Results

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 15

Brightness Temperatures

0 5 10 15 20

220

240

260

280

300

TB [

K]

us

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

014

220

240

260

280

300

TB [

K]

tropical

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

0140 5 10 15 20

Channel #

220

240

260

280

300sas

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

014

220

240

260

280

300mls

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

0140 5 10 15 20

220

240

260

280

300saw

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

014

220

240

260

280

300mlw

Fri M

ay 2

3 1

3:4

8:4

3 2

014

arts

garlic

kopra

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 16

Perfect!

Thanks for your attention

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 17

Perfect! . . . . . . wait a moment

whats about the other atmospheres?. . . and differences etc. ???

Remember: IASI etc. have sub-Kelvin sensitivity!

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 17

First results IRS 2012

0 20 40−5

−3

−1

1

3

5Ch #15 2235

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

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013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 5 716

Fri F

eb 2

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6:5

8:3

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013

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2

4Ch # 1 670

Fri F

eb 2

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0130 20 40

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−2

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2

4Ch #16 2241

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

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013

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−2

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2

4Ch #11 1366

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

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013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 6 732

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 2 680

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

0130 20 40

n

−6−4−2

0246

Ch #17 2419

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #12 1529

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 7 749

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

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013

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−2

0

2

4Ch # 3 692

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

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0130 20 40

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #18 2521

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #13 2187

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 8 901

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 4 703

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

0 20 40−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #19 2660

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #14 2213

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 9 1030

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:5

8:3

0 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 18

2013: N2 + O2 lines & continuum added in GARLIC

0 20 40−3−2−1

0123

Ch #15 2235

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 5 716

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 1 670

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

0130 20 40

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #16 2241

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #11 1366

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 6 732

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 2 680

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

0130 20 40

n

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #17 2419

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #12 1529

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 7 749

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 3 692

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

0130 20 40

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #18 2521

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #13 2187

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 8 901

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 4 703

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

0 20 40−3−2−1

0123

Ch #19 2660

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch #14 2213

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

−3−2−1

0123

Ch # 9 1030

Fri F

eb 2

2 1

6:4

7:3

8 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 19

Channel 1: ARTS ≈ GARLIC

Channel 1 ⊂ Channel 2Similar absorption:CO2 > H2O > O3 > N2OMostly stratospheric emission

I Continuum & H2O irrelevant

Q-branch, convolution, . . . ??

NOAA15-HIRS for KOPRA !!!

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 20

Channel 1: ARTS ≈ GARLIC

Channel 1 ⊂ Channel 2Similar absorption:CO2 > H2O > O3 > N2OMostly stratospheric emission

I Continuum & H2O irrelevant

Q-branch, convolution, . . . ??NOAA15-HIRS for KOPRA !!!

660 680 700 720 740

Wavenumber [cm−1

]

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

Re

sp

on

se

HIRS Normalized Response Functions

Fri J

un 6 1

4:2

3:4

1 2

014

noaa15/ch01

noaa15/ch02

noaa15/ch03

noaa15/ch04

noaa15/ch05

noaa15/ch06

noaa17/ch01

noaa17/ch02

noaa17/ch03

noaa17/ch04

noaa17/ch05

noaa17/ch06

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 20

Channel 5, 6, and 7: GARLIC ≈ KOPRA

CO2 ≈ H2O > O3 > N2OMostly free troposphere emission(Weighting functions peak at 8 and 4 km for 708 and 745 cm−1)

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 21

Channel 18 and 19: ARTS ≈ KOPRA

Weak absorptiontransparent down totroposphereContinua and/or H2O?¿?

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 22

Without continuum? ARTS vs. GARLIC

Differences mostly < 0.25 KWhat is special with atm # 22Channels: 8, 9, 10, 17, 18, 19(901, 1030, 802, 2419, 2521, 2660 cm−1)

What is special withchannel # 12 @ 1529 cm−1 ?

0 10 20 30 40

Atmosphere #

−1.5

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

∆T

[K

]

ARTS−GARLIC: with Continuum

Th

u J

un

5

17

:35

:09

20

14

1

2

3

4

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0 10 20 30 40

Atmosphere #

−0.5

−0.3

−0.1

0.1

0.3

0.5

0.7

∆T

[K

]

ARTS−GARLIC: no Continuum

Th

u J

un

5

17

:22

:29

20

14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 23

Without continuum? GARLIC vs. KOPRA

“Good” agreement (1.9 K) in channel 1KOPRA failed for atm # 4, 14, 25, 25

0 10 20 30 40

Atmosphere #

−60

−10

40

∆T

[K

]

GARLIC−KOPRA: no Continuum

Th

u J

un

5

17

:41

:29

20

14

200 220 240 260 280 300 320

T[K]

0

20

40

60

z[k

m]

Garand Atmospheres

Thu J

un 5 1

2:3

3:4

4 2

014

4

14

22

25

35

1e−06 1e−05 1e−04 1e−03 1e−02

H2O [ppV]

0

10

20

30

40

50

z [

km

]

Garand Atmospheres

Thu J

un 5 1

0:5

8:2

6 2

014

4

14

22

25

35

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 24

What’s common . . . . . . and what’s different?

ARTS GARLIC KOPRA

S(T ) conversion “semi-TIPS” Atmos TIPS

Weak lines ? all rejection?

Line wings 25 cm−1 ??? 10 cm−1, H2O: 25 cm−1

Continuum MT-CKD 1.0 CKD 2.0 CKD 2.4, . . .

Inhomogeneous Path ? quadrature B linear τ layers ?

?

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 25

Conclusions and Outlook

No code is “the best” for all channels and/or atmospheresI max ∆Tag = +2.3 K in channel 11 @ 1366 cm−1I max ∆Tgk = +2.5 K in channel 15 @ 2235 cm−1I max ∆Tka = −3.1 K in channel 15 @ 2235 cm−1

(channel 1 ignored)

Use another code (e.g. LblRTM) as reference? NO!Include more codes? hmmmm?Use common absorption coefficientsPlot differences vs. (min, max, delta, . . . ) temperature, H2O, . . .Compare monochromatic spectra and/or transmission

Open questionsI ContinuumI Lines strength T conversionI Line wing cut-off (CO2 at 2400 cm−1)I Weak line suppression

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 26

Conclusions and Outlook

No code is “the best” for all channels and/or atmospheresI max ∆Tag = +2.3 K in channel 11 @ 1366 cm−1I max ∆Tgk = +2.5 K in channel 15 @ 2235 cm−1I max ∆Tka = −3.1 K in channel 15 @ 2235 cm−1

(channel 1 ignored)

Use another code (e.g. LblRTM) as reference? NO!Include more codes? hmmmm?Use common absorption coefficientsPlot differences vs. (min, max, delta, . . . ) temperature, H2O, . . .Compare monochromatic spectra and/or transmission

Open questionsI ContinuumI Lines strength T conversionI Line wing cut-off (CO2 at 2400 cm−1)I Weak line suppression

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 26

Outline

5 AppendixMore T Difference PlotsWeighting and Response FunctionsContinua

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 27

Max. Temperature Delta in Layer

10 15 2025 30 35−4−3−2−1

01234

Ch #15 2235

Tu

e F

eb

26

17

:00

:56

20

13

−0.8−0.6−0.4−0.2

00.20.4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Tu

e F

eb

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−2

−1

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2Ch # 5 716

Tu

e F

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−4−3−2−1

01234

Ch # 1 670

Tu

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1310 15 2025 30 35

−2

−1

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2Ch #16 2241

Tu

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−4−3−2−1

01234

Ch #11 1366

Tu

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−1

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2Ch # 6 732

Tu

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0.4Ch # 2 680

Tu

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1310 15 2025 30 35

∆Tmax

[K]

−2

−1

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1

2Ch #17 2419

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1Ch #12 1529

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−1

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1Ch # 7 749

Tu

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−0.4−0.2

00.20.40.60.8

Ch # 3 692

Tu

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1310 15 2025 30 35

−2

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2Ch #18 2521

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−3

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2Ch #13 2187

Tu

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1Ch # 8 901

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2Ch # 4 703

Tu

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a−g

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k−a

10 15 2025 30 35

Ch #19 2660

Tu

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−1

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1Ch #14 2213

Tu

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1Ch # 9 1030

Tu

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20

13

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 28

195 205 215 225−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #15 2235

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−0.8−0.6−0.4−0.2

00.20.4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch # 5 716

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 1 670

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013195 205 215 225

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #16 2241

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #11 1366

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 6 732

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−0.4

−0.2

0

0.2

0.4

Brightness Temperature Difference vs Minimum Temperature

Ch # 2 680

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013195 205 215 225

Tmin

[K]

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #17 2419

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #12 1529

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 7 749

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−0.4−0.2

00.20.40.60.8

Ch # 3 692

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013195 205 215 225

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #18 2521

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−3

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #13 2187

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 8 901

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 4 703

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

195 205 215 225−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #19 2660

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #14 2213

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 9 1030

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:5

0:4

1 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 29

240260280300320−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #15 2235

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−0.8−0.6−0.4−0.2

00.20.4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch # 5 716

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 1 670

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013240260280300320

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #16 2241

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #11 1366

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 6 732

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−0.4

−0.2

0

0.2

0.4

Brightness Temperature Differences vs. Surface Temperature

Ch # 2 680

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013240260280300320

Tsurf

[K]

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #17 2419

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #12 1529

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 7 749

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−0.4−0.2

00.20.40.60.8

Ch # 3 692

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013240260280300320

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #18 2521

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−3

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #13 2187

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 8 901

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 4 703

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

240260280300320−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #19 2660

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #14 2213

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 9 1030

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:2

8:3

3 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 30

20 40 60 80100120−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #15 2235

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−0.8−0.6−0.4−0.2

00.20.4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch # 5 716

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 1 670

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

01320 40 60 80100120

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #16 2241

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #11 1366

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 6 732

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−0.4

−0.2

0

0.2

0.4

Brightness Temperature Differences vs Temperature Range

Ch # 2 680

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

01320 40 60 80100120

Tmax

−Tmin

[K]

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #17 2419

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #12 1529

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 7 749

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−0.4−0.2

00.20.40.60.8

Ch # 3 692

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

01320 40 60 80100120

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #18 2521

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−3

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #13 2187

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 8 901

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 4 703

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

20 40 60 80100120−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #19 2660

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #14 2213

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 9 1030

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

5:0

5:3

3 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 31

0 20 40 60−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #15 2235

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−0.8−0.6−0.4−0.2

00.20.4

∆T

[K

]

Ch #10 802

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch # 5 716

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch # 1 670

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

0130 20 40 60

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #16 2241

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−4

−2

0

2

4Ch #11 1366

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 6 732

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−0.4

−0.2

0

0.2

0.4Ch # 2 680

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

0130 20 40 60

H2O [kg/m

2]

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #17 2419

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #12 1529

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 7 749

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−0.4−0.2

00.20.40.60.8

Brightness Temperature Difference vs Water Column

Ch # 3 692

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

0130 20 40 60

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #18 2521

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−3

−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #13 2187

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 8 901

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−1

0

1

2Ch # 4 703

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

a−g

g−k

k−a

0 20 40 60−2

−1

0

1

2Ch #19 2660

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−2

−1

0

1Ch #14 2213

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

−0.5

0

0.5

1Ch # 9 1030

Mon F

eb 2

5 1

4:3

1:2

6 2

013

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 32

Weighting Functions

I(ν, s) =∫ s

0B(ν, T )

∂T (ν, s′)∂s′

ds′

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 33

Response Functions

700 800 900 1000 1100

Wavenumber [cm−1

]

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

Response

HIRS Normalized Response Functions

Fri J

un 6 1

4:5

3:3

5 2

014

noaa15/ch07

noaa15/ch08

noaa15/ch09

noaa15/ch10

noaa17/ch07

noaa17/ch08

noaa17/ch09

noaa17/ch10

1300 1400 1500 1600

Wavenumbers [cm−1

]

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

Response

HIRS Normalized Response Functions

Fri J

un 6 1

4:4

7:4

4 2

014

noaa15/ch11

noaa15/ch12

noaa17/ch11

noaa17/ch12

2200 2250

Wavenumber [cm−1

]

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Response

HIRS Normalized Response Functions

Fri J

un 6 1

4:4

1:3

0 2

014

noaa15/ch13

noaa15/ch14

noaa15/ch15

noaa15/ch16

noaa17/ch13

noaa17/ch14

noaa17/ch15

noaa17/ch16

2350 2550 2750

Wavenumber [cm−1

]

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

Response

HIRS Normalized Response Functions

Fri J

un 6 1

4:4

4:1

9 2

014

noaa15/ch17

noaa15/ch18

noaa15/ch19

noaa17/ch17

noaa17/ch18

noaa17/ch19

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 34

CO2 Continua

Remote Sensing Technology Institute ARTS - GARLIC - KOPRA 35

The codesLbl IntercomparisonsData and AssumptionsResultsAppendixAppendixMore T Difference PlotsWeighting and Response FunctionsContinua