Artist:PabloPicasso

Artist:PabloPicassoTitle:Guernica

Artist:PabloPicassoTitle:GuernicaDate:1937

Artist:PabloPicassoTitle:GuernicaDate:1937Medium:oilonpanel

Artist:PabloPicassoTitle:GuernicaDate:1937Medium:oilonpanel

AdditionalFacts:

Nationality– PicassofromSpain,Guernica paintedinFrance

SubjectMatter– PaintedinresponsetotheatrocitiesoftheSpanishCivilWar

Style– combinesCubismandSurrealismInfluences– Goya’s DisastersofWar series

- blackandwhitenewspaperimages

DefiningModernity:

19thand20th Centuries

IndustrializationCapitalismGrowthofMiddle-ClassUrbanexpansionSecularsocietyDemocraticGovernmentPoliticalRevolutions

(U.S.– 1776)(France– 1789)

DefiningModernity:

19thand20th Centuries

IndustrializationCapitalismGrowthofMiddle-ClassUrbanexpansionSecularsociety

DefiningModernity:

19thand20th Centuries

IndustrializationCapitalismGrowthofMiddle-ClassUrbanexpansionSecularsocietyDemocraticGovernmentPoliticalRevolutions

(U.S.– 1776)(France– 1789)

Influencedby:

EnlightenmentphilosophyNewScience/PhysicsPoliticalRevolutionsPsychologyWorldWarsSpeed(trains,planes,cars,etc.)Photography

ModernArt

Keywords:Progress,Individuality,Novelty,the“Avant-Garde”

DefiningModernity:19thand20th Centuries

IndustrializationCapitalismGrowthofMiddle-ClassUrbanexpansionSecularsocietyDemocraticGovernmentPoliticalRevolutions

(U.S.– 1776)(France– 1789)

Influencedby:

EnlightenmentphilosophyNewScience/PhysicsPoliticalRevolutionsPsychologyWorldWarsSpeed(trains,planes,cars,etc.)Photography

ModernArt

JamesAbbottMcNeillWhistlerNocturneinBlackAndGold:

TheFallingRocket(1875)OilonPanel

JohnRuskin vs. Whistler

• Artshouldimprovesocietyandteachmorallessons

• Artshouldrepresentnaturefaithfully• Artcontemplatesthedivinethrough

nature

• Artforart’ssake• Artshouldnotberequiredtoservea

socialpurposeorbeeducational• Artshouldexpresstheindividual

artist’semotionandintellectualwill

JohnRuskin vs. Whistler

• Artshouldimprovesocietyandteachmorallessons

• Artshouldrepresentnaturefaithfully• Artcontemplatesthedivinethrough

nature

• RepresentedthetraditionalAcademiesofArt

• ArtforArt’ssake• Artshouldnotberequiredtoservea

socialpurposeorbeeducational• Artshouldexpresstheindividual

artist’semotionandintellectualwill

• Representednewindependentartists

TheParis“Salon”in1800s- ExhibitionoftheRoyalAcademyofArt

HierarchyofSubjectMatterinAcademicArt:

-Religious-History-Portraiture-Allegorical/Genre-Landscape-StillLife

Neo-Classicism• Order• Clarity• History• Tradition• Academic

Artists:J.L.DavidJ.A.D.Ingres

Jacques-LouisDavid– TheOathoftheHoratii (1784)oiloncanvas

(TheArts)inallrespectsbywhichtheyshouldhelpspreadtheprogressofthehumanspirit,topropagateandtransmittoposteritythestrikingexampleofthesublimeeffortsofanimmensepeople,guidedbyreasonandphilosophy,restoringtoearththereignofliberty,equality,andlaw.

Jacques-LouisDavid

Jean-Auguste-DominiqueIngres– GrandeOdalisque (1814)oiloncanvas

FranciscodeGoyay LucientesTheSleepofReasonProducesMonsters(1799)Etchingprint

Romanticism

Romanticism

Goya’soriginalcaptionforthisimage:

“Imaginationabandonedbyreasonproducesimpossiblemonsters;unitedwithher,sheisthemotheroftheartsandsourceoftheirwonders.”

Neo-Classicismvs.Romanticism• Order• Clarity• History• Tradition• Academic

Artists:J.L.DavidIngres

• Subjectivity• Irrationality• Passion/Emotion• Individuality/Personality• Spirituality

Artists:BlakeGoyaDelacroixFriedrichTurnerMillet

FranciscodeGoyayLucientes - DisastersofWar (1810)seriesofetchings

DisastersofWar:YSonFieras (andtheyarefierce)

DisastersofWar:GrandeHazaña!(Agreatfeat!Withdeadmen!)

WilliamBlake– Nebuchadnezzar (1795) colorprintwithink&watercoloronpaper

Eugéne Delacroix– TheLionHunt (1861)oiloncanvas

Romanticism Neo-Classicism

CasparDavidFriedrich– CloisterGraveyardintheSnow(1819)oiloncanvas

JosephMallord WilliamTurner– BurningofHousesofParliament(1834-35)oiloncanvas

Jean-FrançoisMillet– TheAngelus (1857-59)oiloncanvas

REALISM –

•ArtmovementthatrejectedRomanticism•AimedtodepictvisualrealityONLY•Un-Idealized•Preferredtodepictcontemporary,everydaylife•SocialRealistsaimedtoraisethedepictionofworking-classinarttothehigheststatus

“ShowmeanangelandI’llpaintit.”- Gustave Courbet(French,1819-1877)

Gustave Courbet– TheStonebreakers(1849)oiloncanvas

Gustave Courbet– TheBurialatOrnans (1849– 50)oiloncanvas

Millet’sRomanticismvs.

•Classicalcomposition•naturallighting•idealizedpeasants•moral– salvationthrough

honest,hardwork

Courbet’sRealism

•clutteredcomposition•harsh,un-naturallighting•un-idealizedpeasants•nomoral,nosalvation

Honoré Daumier– ThirdClassCarriage(1863-65)oiloncanvas

Honoré Daumier– RueTransmonian (1834)lithographprint

RosaBonheur– Ploughing (1849)oiloncanvas

"Iwasforcedtorecognizethattheclothingofmysexwasaconstantbother.ThatiswhyIdecidedtosolicittheauthorizationtowearmen'sclothingfromtheprefectofpolice.ButthesuitIwearismyworkattire,andnothingelse.Theepithetsofimbecileshaveneverbotheredme...."