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February 8, 2018
Artificial Intelligence for Social ImpactDr. Cara LaPointeSenior FellowGeorgetown University
What is Artificial Intelligence?
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Artificial Intelligence:A Working Definition
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The capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human
behavior. – Miriam Webster Dictionary
He believed in the possibility of computing machines:(1) Learning from experience (2) Solving problems by means of searching through the space of possible solutions, guided by rule-of-thumb principles – ‘heuristic search’
The Father of Artificial Intelligence
Alan Turing:1935 – The Universal Turing Machine: A precursor to modern computers1950 – The Turing Test: Could a machine fool a human interrogator?
4http://www.alanturing.net/turing_archive/pages/Reference%20Articles/what_is_AI/What%20is%20AI05.html
What does that really mean?
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Artificial Intelligence –
Machines performing
cognitive action
Robotics –Machines
performing physical action
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A Way of Looking at Cognitive Action: The OODA Loop
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DecideObserve Orient Act
The OODA Loop – Artificial Intelligence
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DecideObserve Orient Act
The OODA Loop – Autonomous Systems
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DecideObserve Orient Act
Understanding and Applying AI and Autonomy
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How does it work?
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The Functions of Intelligence
● Learning
● Reasoning
● Problem-solving
● Perception
● Language-understanding
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https://machinelearningmastery.leadpages.co/leadbox/147764973f72a2%3A164f8be4f346dc/5752754626625536/
Machine Learning – A Simple Example
14https://medium.com/@ageitgey/machine-learning-is-fun-part-3-deep-learning-and-convolutional-neural-networks-f40359318721
Deep Learning
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https://nivdul.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/nivdul_deep_learning.png?w=700&h=367
What are the promise and challenges in applying AI?
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Consumer Health Finance Retail Government Energy Transport Industrial OtherSmart
Assistants
Chatbots
Search
Personalization
Augmented Reality
Robots
Enhanced Diagnostics
Drug Discovery
Patient Care
Research
Sensory Aids
Algorithmic Trading
Fraud Detection
Research
Personal Finance
Risk Mitigation
Support
Experience
Marketing
Merchandising
Loyalty
Supply Chain
Security
Defense
Data Insights
Safety & Security
Resident Engagement
Smarter Cities
Oil & Gas Exploration
Smart Grid
Operational Improvement
Conservation
Autonomous Cars
Automated Trucking
Aerospace
Shipping
Search & Rescue
Factory Automation
Predictive Maintenance
Precision Agriculture
Field Automation
Advertising
Education
Gaming
Professional & IT Services
Telco/Media
Sports
Source: Intel forecast
Ai is transformative
Source: Tang, Intel, 2017
What are the challenges of AI?
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INPUTS OUTPUTS
BLACK BOX
AI algorithms are not always transparent, so take the time to
understand the algorithm and the data.
Understand that algorithms are biased. Recognize this and act accordingly.
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Recognizing correlation is not the same as either understanding or
identifying causation.
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Take the time to understand the technology, including its limitations, and
then thoughtfully design and apply it.
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How can AI and autonomous systems be leveraged for social impact?
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WeRobotics and the Open AI Challenge 2018
23https://werobotics.org/blog/2018/01/10/open-ai-challenge/
Uses machine learning and computer vision to automatically identify features of interest in aerial imagery.
WeRobotics has launched a competition to create Imagery of South Pacific Island. This will help accelerate and improve humanitarian and development efforts across the South Pacific.
TraffickCam: Fighting Human Trafficking with AI
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The TraffickCam app was launched to help combat sex trafficking by uploading photos of the
hotel rooms they stay in. The purpose of TraffickCam is to create a database of hotel room
images that an investigator can efficiently search, in order to find other images that were
taken in the same location as an image that is part of an investigation.
https://traffickcam.com/about
TraffickCam was launched in
June 2016 and more that 56,000
people sign up in the first two
weeks.
https://www.snopes.com/2016/07/03/taking-
pictures-of-your-hotel-room-could-help-stop-
human-trafficking/
What are the key takeaways?
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Key Takeaways on AI and Autonomy for Social Impact
� There is a lot of misinformation about AI and autonomous systems � They are technology tools that, like all technology, should be designed
thoughtfully to mitigate any potential negative consequences and to take advantage of their potential for positive social impact
� AI can take massive amounts of data and learn how to turn it into useable information; autonomous systems are machines that take action based on useable information
� Take the time to understand what the information means and how it is useable; understand the limitations and the applicability
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Artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous systems are powerful
tools to amplify social impact efforts if they are thoughtfully
developed and applied.
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[BACKUP]
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The key is understanding what the AI algorithm is learning, and then interpreting and applying that information appropriately.
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