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ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Artificial Intelligence Enables Precision Diagnostics in Clinical Medicine
Fabian Kiessling
Experimental Molecular Imaging
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
• Liquid biomarker will replace indications for imaging in cancer screening/therapy monitoring
• Computer-assisted diagnosis will take over major parts of routine image analysis
• Clustered and combined analysis of radiological, pathological and omics data will dissolve the borders between radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology and laboratory medicine
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Medical image analysis to derive quantitative measures
• Pooling of diagnostic data
• Images are data
• Medical image analysis to extract quantitative information from images
Gillies et al., Radiology, 2016
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Automation of Lesion Detection
Magnuska, Theek et al., (unpublished)
Detection Edge Refinements Segmentation
Segments Overlap
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 180
102030405060708090
100
Segment
Perc
enta
ge O
verla
p [%
]
Between UsersBetween AS and Users
• Integrate AI into the routine work tocreate user independent analyses
• Automated workflows increase reproducibility and can take over time consuming tasks
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Advanced Feature Extraction
x
Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 Frame 5
1
2
2
45
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Data Association Algorithm
453
2
1
2
2
45 4
532
• Priori-propability• Motion model• Posteriori-propability
„motion model Ultrasound Localization Microscopy“ (mULM)
Cooperation with G. Schmitz, RUB ; Opacic, Denks et al. Nat Commun 2018
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
0 0 m
/s
2
A431rB
VVe
loci
ty m
apD
irect
ion
map
MLS A549
Intuitive Visualisation
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Parameterization of dynamic data reduces the number of dimensions and parameters
Theek et al., SciRep 2018
Radiomics: Clustered Analysis
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Radiomics: Clustered Analysis
Selection of onefeature per imagingbiomarker class
Unsupervised Classification Supervised Classification
Data mining strategy is of highest importance for robust pattern recognition in large amount of data available!
Theek et al., SciRep 2018
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Clinical Decision Support Systems
U-net
• RSNA Pneumonia Detection Challenge (NIH Cancer Center data set)
• Exploring deep learning solutions to detect pneumonia in chest X-rays
• Making use of “the wisdom of crowds” (1500 teams)
Ronneberger et al.
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Combination of two key technologies:
• Automated tissue characterization
• Virtual multistaining
Digital Pathology
kindly provided by Fraunhofer Mevis
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Precision therapy• Assessment of
diagnostic need• Connecting diagnosis
and therapy• SOP
Comprehensive Diagnostics Center Aachen
Founded in 2018 as an entity of the University Clinics Aachen
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Strategic Alliance: MEVIS
ExperimentalMolecularImaging
Summary
• The future lies in multiparametric diagnosis (imaging, histology, omics)
• Basis for digital disease models (link to Systems Medicine)
– 2 out of 3 medical EU flagship project applications
• Need for computer-assissted data analysis using AI
• Tools for data integration and novel data base concepts required
• Need for „Comprehensive Diagnostic Centers“ and (inter-)national
collaborations and networks
ExperimentalMolecularImaging