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The Wo r ld Jo u rna l o f Eng ine er ing & A pp l ied Sc ie nce I S SN 2349 -4514 SA IF 1 . 97
www.twjeas.org | Online International Research Journal Vol: 03 Issue: 06 (Nov.) 2017 Page 1 of 24
Dr. R. S. Patel, Neha Patel and Vipra Patel
Department of Biology, K.K.Shah Jarodwala
Maninagar Science College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad,
Gujarat , India.
The Jawaharlal Nehru Ayurvedic Udhyan is spread over 30 acres. Once the meditional
properties of wild plat is organized by an established medicine system like allopathic,
ayurvedic. The main reason for this undesirable situation is that as on today “Many of the
plant base pharmaceutical entrepreneurs produce that raw from the wild rather than
cultivating them. Jawaharlal Nehru Udhyan there are 240 onwards plant species and 200
onward medicinal plants are growing in the Udhyan. It is situated behind Ministers bunglow
, Gandhinar , Gujarat. The paper highlights the less known medicinal uses and Taxonomic
Description of 18 plants. The objective of the study was to document the knowledge of
medicinal plants, to sensitize and create awareness among the local people about the
importants of medicinal plant resources of Gujarat, India.
Keywords: Medicinal uses , Ayurveda , Cultivation , Awareness.
STUDY OF CERTAIN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANTS
FOUND FROM JAWAHARLAL NEHRU AYURVEDIC
UDHYAN, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT, INDIA
ABSTRACT
Article
Received on
15 Sept. 2017
Accepted on:
18 Oct. 2017
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The term “medicinal plant” Include various types of plants used in herbalism ("herbology"
or "herbal medicine"). It is the use of plants for medicinal purposes, and the study of such
uses. The word “Herb” has been derived from the Latin word, “herba” and an old French
word “herbe”. Now A day, herb refers to any part of the plant like fruit, seed, stem, bark,
flower, leaf, stigma or a root, as well as a non-woody plant. Earlier, the term “herb” was
only applied to non-woody plants, including those that come from trees and shrubs. These
medicinal plants are also used as food, flavonoid, medicine or perfume and also in certain
spiritual activities.
Plants have been used for medicinal purposes long before prehistoric period. Ancient Unani
manuscripts Egyptian papyrus and Chinese writings described the use of herbs. Evidence
exist that Unani Hakims, Indian Vaids and European and Mediterranean cultures were using
herbs for over 4000 years as medicine. Indigenous cultures such as Rome, Egypt, Iran, Africa
and America used herbs in their healing rituals, while other developed traditional medical
systems such as Unani, Ayurveda and Chinese Medicine in which herbal therapies were used
systematically. As per data available over three-quarters of the world population relies
mainly on plants and plant extracts for their health care needs. More than 30% of the entire
plant species, at one time or other was used for medicinal purposes. It has been estimated,
that in developed countries such as United States, plant drugs constitute as much as 25% of
the total drugs, while in fast developing countries such as India and China, the contribution
is as much as 80%. Thus, the economic importance of medicinal plants is much more to
countries such as India than to rest of the world. These countries provide two third of the
plants used in modern system of medicine and the health care system of rural population
depend on indigenous systems of medicine.
Treatment with medicinal plants is considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects.
These remedies are in sync with nature, which is the biggest advantage. The golden fact is
that, use of herbal treatments is independent of any age groups and the sexes.
The ancient scholars only believed that herbs are only solutions to cure a number of health
related problems and diseases. They conducted thorough study about the same, experimented
to arrive at accurate conclusions about the efficacy of different herbs that have medicinal
value. Most of the drugs, thus formulated, are free of side effects or reactions. This is the
INTRODUCTION
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reason why herbal treatment is growing in popularity across the globe. These herbs that have
medicinal quality provide rational means for the treatment of many internal diseases, which
are otherwise considered difficult to cure.
Medicinal plants such as Aloe, Tulsi, Neem, Turmeric and Ginger cure several common
ailments. These are considered as home remedies in many parts of the country. It is known
fact that lots of consumers are using Basil (Tulsi) for making medicines, black tea, inpooja
and other activities in their day to day life.
In several parts of the world many herbs are used to honour their kings showing it as a symbol
of luck. Now, after finding the role of herbs in medicine, lots of consumers started the
plantation of tulsi and other medicinal plants in their home gardens. Medicinal plants are
considered as a Richresources of ingredients which can be used in drug development either
Pharmacopoeial, non- pharmacopoeial or synthetic drugs. A part from that, these plants play
a critical role in the development of human cultures around the whole world. Moreover,
some plants are considered as important source of nutrition and as a result of that they are
recommended for their therapeutic values. Some of these plants include ginger, green tea,
walnuts, aloe, pepper and turmeric etc. Some plants and their derivatives are considered as
important source for active ingredients which are used in aspirin and toothpaste etc. Apart
from the Medicinal Uses, herbs are also used in natural dye, pest control, food, perfume, tea
and so on. In many countries different kinds of medicinal plants/ herbs are used to keep ants,
flies, mice and flee away from homes and offices. Now, a daysmedicinal herbs are important
sources for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Recipes for the treatment of common ailments such as diarrhoea, constipation, hypertension,
low sperm count, dysentery and weak penile erection, piles, coated tongue, menstrual
disorders, bronchial asthma, leucorrhoea and fevers are given by the traditional medicine
practitioners very effectively. Over the past two decades, there has been a tremendous
increase in the use of herbal medicine; however, there is still a significant lack of research
data in this field. Therefore since 1999, WHO has published three volumes of the WHO
monographs on selected medicinal plants.Many Herbal are used as blood purifiers to alter or
change a long-standing condition by eliminating the metabolic toxins. These are also known
as 'blood cleansers'. Certain herbal improves the immunity of the person, thereby reducing
conditions such as fever. Some herbal is also having antibiotic properties. Turmeric is useful
in inhibiting the growth of germs, harmful microbes and bacteria. Turmeric is widely used
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as a home remedy to heal cut and wounds.Some herbs like aloe, sandalwood, Turmeric are
commonly used as antiseptic and are very high in their medicinal values.
The Government Herbal Botanical Garden inspires to human society to plant the trees and
carethey including all matters. Government Herbal Botanical Garden is situated in sector 20,
Gandhinagar. Thus Government Herbal Botanical Garden gives us inspiration to protect the
plants and to know its uses. There are various plants planted according to different themes
like planets, constellations.
Present paper indicates 100 constellations with 100 plant- species show importance of
individual. In the ancient time our elderswere directly or indirectly connected with the trees.
Theybelieved that plants are useful to different purposes in life.Recently people believe in
astrology, so they can care and protectthe plants regularly.
Such regions were frequently visited and plants observed and photos taken of the medicinal
plant species. According to Bentham and Hooker all the selected plant species are arranged
and presented with colour photo graphs, Botanical name , Local name , Family and Uses
given in the present research paper. Plants were identified by using flora of Gujarat state by
(shah-1978) and the text book of systematic botany by R.N.Sutaria(1958) and other standard
book.Some important information of various medicinal plants collected from Yogi Sir. We
reported certain species by the photo graphs and uses of the medicinal plants.
STUDY AREA
METHODOLOGY
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Total 18 medicinal plants belonging 14 families recorded. This paper Botanical name ,
Family , Local name and Uses are taken. Scientific studies may elaborate the prospect of
growing more and more medicinal plants successively. By proper management of medicinal
plants remarkable improvement may be made on the earning of foreign exchange for the
country. Certain industries based on the medicinal plants may be developed which will not
only be economically viable but also help in the economic up liftman of the nation. On the
basis of distribution of some medicinal plants it is observed that, there is a good scope for
commercial exploration of some pharmaceutically important medicinal plants. The authors
are very optimistic about the reclamation of waste and uncultivated land in the state for
turning them into innumerable medicinal plant gardens. Fig is shown Density of Different
Species Of Trees , Shrubs , Herbs and Climbers Of Medicinal Plants , which are growing in
the study area. List of Biodiversity of Medicinal Plants is given in the table. Plate 1 and Plate
2 shows images of different species of the study area.
1.Kadu kariyatu
Scientific Name: Andrographis paniculata
Local Name: Kadu kariyatu
Family: Acanthaceae
Habit: Herb
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
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Chemical Constituent: Andrographolide is the major constituent extracted from the
leaves of the plant and is a bicyclic dilerpenoid lactone. This bitter principle was
isolated in pure form by gorter.
Medicinal Uses: A review concluded that existing evidence from controlled clinical
trials supports a role for A.paniculata in the treatment of symptoms of upper
respiratory tract infections.There is no evidence of its effectiveness in cancer
treatment.
2.Ramphal
Scientific Name: Annona reticulata
Local Name: Ramphal, Bullock̕s heart
Family: Annonaceae
Habit: Tree
Chemical Constituent: Annotemoyin-2, reticulatain-2, motrilin, cherimolin-1,
cherimolin-2.
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Medicinal Uses: A root decoction is taken as a febrifuge, while fragments of the root
bark are packed around the gums to relieve toothache. The bark is very astringent
and the decoction is taken as a tonic and also as a remedy for diarrhea and dysentery.
3.Aakdo
Scientific Name: Calotropis procera
Local Name: Aakdo, Nano aakdo
Family: Asclepiadaceae
Habit: Shrub
Chemical Constituent: Calotropin, calotoxin, calactin, uscharidin and voruscharin.
Medicinal Uses: Fever, rheumatism, indigestion, cold, eczema, Diarrhea , jaundice,
leprosy, elephantiasis, asthma, cough,dysentery, skin diseases, enlargements of
abdominal viscera and intestinal worms. Leucoderma, joints, waist pain, malarial
fever.
4.Madhunashi
Scientific Name: Gymnema sylvestre
Local Name: Madhunashi, Vakhandi
Family: Asclepiadaceae
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Habit: Climbers
Chemical Constituent: n-butanol, 1-Heptadecanol, stigmasterol glucoside, 1-
Quercitol, 1-octadecanol, potassium nitrate, lupeol cinnamate, stigmasterol.
Medicinal Uses: Diabetes, weight loss, stimulating digestion, as a laxative and
diuretic.
5.Dodi
Scientific Name: Leptadenia eticulata
Local Name: Dodi, Kharkhodi, Hirandodi
Family: Asclepiadaceae
Habit: Climbers
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Chemical Constituent: β-Sitosterol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, ferulic acid, luteolin,
diosmetin, rutin, stigmasterol, hentriacontanol, A triterpene alcoholsimiarenol and
apigenin.
Medicinal Uses: jivanti is stimulant, galactagogue and restorative. It is used as single
drug in treatment of asthma. Jivanti is prescribed as a tonic in debility due to seminal
discharges. It is recommended to treat general weakness, cough, asthma,
constipation, abdominal tumors, piles, Diarrhea and sperm disorders.
6.Dam -ni -vel
Scientific Name: Tylophora indica
Local Name: Dam-ni-vel, Indian ipecac
Family: Asclepiadaceae
Habit: Climber
Chemical Constituent: Tylophorine, tylophorinine, tylophorinidine, septidine,
tyloindicines, Desmethyl-tylophorine, desmethyl, tylophorinine isotylocrebrine, ϒ-
fagarine, skimmianine.
Medicinal Uses: Leucorrhoea, antidote, respiratory diseases, cough, asthma,
whooping cough, bronchitis, cold, snake bite.
7. Hathi Sundhi
Scientific Name: Heliotropium indicum
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Local Name: Hathi sundhi
Family: Bignoniaceae
Habit: Herb
Chemical Constituent: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, echinitine, N-oxide, acetyl indicine,
indicinine and anti- tumour alkaloid, indicine-N-oxide.
Medicinal Uses: Adecoction of the plant is used to treat gonorrhea. An infusion of
the leaves is used to soothe mouth sprue. A paste of the plant is used to reduce
urination, to counteract putrefaction, to treat pyoderma and ringworm infection and
to soothe irritated skin. Combat fever, pneumonia, used to promote digestion and the
leaves are used to treat cholera, malaria.
8. Gugal
Scientific Name: Commiphora wightii
Local Name: Gugal
Family: Burseraceae
Habit: Shrub
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Chemical Constituent: Gugulipid, guggulsterone, cholesterol, triterpene, myrrhanol.
Medicinal Uses: Cancer, obesity and diabetes.
9.Samudra-Sosh
Scientific Name: Argyreia speciosa
Local Name: Samudra-Sosh, Elephant care
Family: Convolvulaceae
Habit: Climbers
Chemical Constituent:Myristoleic, myristic, palmitic, linoleic, linolenic, oleic,
stearic, nonadecanoic, eicosenoic, heneicosanoic-n-triacontanol, β-sitosterol, p-
hydroxycinnamoyl, octadecanolate and caffeic acid, 1-triacontanol, tetradecanyl
palmitate.
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Medicinal Uses: Gleet, gonorrhea, strangury, chronic ulcers, rheumatism and
diseases of the nervous system.
10.Nasottar
Scientific Name: Operculina turpethum
Local Name: Nasottar, Pithori, Indian jalap
Family: Convolvulaceae
Habit: Climbers
Chemical Constituent: B-Turpethins, scopoletin, turpethinic acids A, turpethin,
scopoletin, coumarin. The root bark contains glycosidium resin which is 10%. It also
contains a glycoside named turoethin that provides it the purgative action. Besides
these it contains two glycosides, volatile oils and yellow colored substance.
Medicinal Uses: Constipation, piles, jaundice, abdominal disorders, Gout,
Rheumatoidarthritis, cough, asthma, inflammation, fever, obesity.
11.Pan-Futi
Scientific Name: Bryophyllum pinnatum
Local Name: Pan-Futi, Zakhme hayat
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Family: Crassulaceae
Habit: Succulents
Chemical Constituent: Bufadienolide compounds isolated from Bryophyllum
pinnatum include bryophillin A which showed strong anti-tumor promoting activity
in vitro and bersaldegenin-3-acetate and bryophillin C which were less active.
Bryophillin also showed insecticidal properties.
Medicinal Uses: treatment of a cough, asthma, cold, dysentery, treat high blood
pressure, fever, treatment of constipation, treatment of diabetics, piles, stomach ache,
treatment of blood mixed diarrhea, patharchur can be used to treat jaundice. It is the
natural treatment for kidney and gall blader stones.
12.Tamalpatra
Scientific Name: Cinnamomum tamala
Local Name: Tamalpatra, Indian Bay leaf
Family: Lauraceae
Habit: Tree
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Chemical Constituent: monoterpenes, trans- sabinene hydrate,(z)β-ocimene,
myrcene, α-pinene and β- sabinene, sesquiterpenes, germacrene A, α-gurjunene.
Medicinal Uses:Dandruff, headache, Indigestion, Rheumatism, cough, head
lice,yellow teeth, asthma, stammering, Flatulence, Nausea, Jaundice, Bruises, Acne,
Diabetes, Constipation, cold, Kidney stones, Bronchitis, Digestive disorders,
Anhidrosis, Fever, Flu, Skin diseases, cancer, Arthritis, Urticaria, Scabies, joint pain.
13.Aamla
Scientific Name: Phyllanthus emblica
Local Name: Aamla
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Habit: Tree
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Chemical Constituent: ascorbic acid(vit.C), anti-oxidant, ellagitannins, emblicanin-
A-B, Punigluconin and pedunculagin,punicafolin and phyllanemblinin A,
phyllanemblin, pollyphenols.
Medicinal Uses: Aamla fruit is sour and as tringent in taste, with sweet, bitter and
pungent secondary tastes. Aamla̕ s qualities are light and dry the post digestive effect
is sweet and its energy is cooling. Aamla is used to revitalizing potency and the
digestive system, rejuvenating longevity, treat constipation, reduce fever, purity the
blood, reduce cough, alleviate asthma, strengthen the heart, benefit the eyes,
stimulate hair growth, enliven the body and enhance intellect.
14.Elachi
Scientific Name: Elettaria cardamomum
Local Name: Cardmom, Elachi
Family: Zingiberaceae
Habit: Herb
Chemical Constituent: a-pinene, b-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, a-phellandrene,
limonene, 1,8-cineole, y-terpinene, p-cymene, terpinolene, linalool, linalyl acetate,
terpinen-4-oil, a-terpineol, a-terpineol acetate, citronellol, nerol, geraniol, methyl
eugenol and trans nerolidol.
Medicinal Uses: Indigestion, nausea, vomiting and pulmorary disease with
copiousphlegm. Cardamom is a very good Indian spice with less of hotness and more
of sweetness. Being an excellent anti oxidant, it is used in treating blood pressure,
asthma, indigestion, dysuria etc. It also is an ingredient of chyawanprash.
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15.Chitrak
Scientific Name: Plumbago zeylanica
Local Name: Chitro, Chitrak, Lead wort
Family: Plumbaginaceae
Habit: Herb
Chemical Constituent: 3-chloroplumbagin, plumbagic aci, glucose, fructose,
sucrose, hydroxyproline, isozeylinone and aspartic acid.
Medicinal Uses: Diarrhea, piles, cough, cold, bronchitis chronic sinusitis. It is used
to stimulate digestive power and used as carminative to cure the spleen enlargement,
treating laryngitis and rheumatism, lowering cholesterol level, inhibit the growth of
cancer causing cells of prostate, liver tonic.
16. Satavari
Scientific Name: Asparagus racemosus
Local Name: Satavari
Family: Asparagaceae
Habit: Climbers
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Chemical Constituent: Asparagamine A, polycyclic alkaloid, steroidal saponins,
shatavaroside A-B, saponin, filiasparoside C, Isoflavone 8-methoxy-5, 6,4̕ -
thrihydroxyisoflavone 7-0-beta-D- glucopyranoside.
Medicinal Uses: Nervous disorders, dyspepsia, tumors, scalding of urine, throat
infections, tuberculosis, cough, bronchitis andthe herb is useful in
pregnancyforthreatened abortion. Asparagus proves to be an effective demulcent for
the dry and inflamed membranes of the lungs, stomach, kidneys and sexual organs.
17.Charoli
Scientific Name: Buchanania lanzan
Local Name: Charoli
Family: Anacardiaceae
Habit: Tree
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Chemical Constituent:Flavonoids, glycosides
Medicinal Uses:Cardiotonic, diarrhea, rheumatism, roots are acrid, astringent,
cooling, depurative, constipating, are useful in treatmentof diarrhea, skin diseases
and removing spots/ blemishes from the face and nuts are used as brain tonic nuts are
used in preparation of many sweet preparations. Such as halwa, kheer, laddu, paak.
18.Nagarvel
Scientific Name: Piper betel
Local Name: Nagvel, Nagarvel, Betel leaf
Family: Piperaceae
Habit: Climbers
Chemical Constituent: Diketosteroid, viz. stigmast-4-en-3, 6-dione. Phenyl propene.
Medicinal Uses: Throat related problems, Diphtheria, Lymphadenopathy, back pain,
impotency, erectile dysfunction, heart related problems, Rhinitis, Asthma, cough,
fever, General body weakness.
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Figure: shows Density of Herbs, Shrubs, Trees, Climbers and Succulent :
Table: List of Medicinal Plants Found from Jawaharlal Nehru Ayurvedic Udhyan,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat,
Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family Habit
1. Andrographis paniculata
Kadu kariyatu Acanthaceae
Herb
2. Annona reticulata Ramphal, Bullock̕s heart
Annonaceae
Tree
3. Calotropis procera
Aakdo, Nano aakdo
Asclepiadaceae
Shrub
4. Gymnema Sylvestre
Madhunashi, Vakhandi Asclepiadaceae Climbers
5. Leptadenia eticulata
Dodi, Kharkhodi, Hirandodi
Asclepiadaceae
Climbers
6. Tylophora Indica
Dam-ni-vel, Indian ipecac
Asclepiadaceae
Climber
7. Heliotropium Indicum
Hathi sundhi Bignoniaceae
Herb
Herb
Shrubs
Tree
Climbers
Succulent
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8. Commiphora Wightii
Gugal
Burseraceae
Shrub
9. Argyreia Speciosa
Samudra-Sosh, Elephant care
Convolvulaceae
Climbers
10. Operculina Turpethum
Nasottar, Pithori, Indian jalap
Convolvulaceae Climbers
11. Bryophyllum Pinnatum
Pan-Futi, Zakhme hayat Crassulaceae
Succulents
12. Cinnamomum Tamala
Tamalpatra, Indian Bay leaf Lauraceae
Tree
13. Phyllanthus Emblica
Aamla
Phyllanthaceae Tree
14. Elettaria Cardamomum
Cardmom, Elachi
Zingiberaceae
Herb
15. Plumbago Zeylanica
Chitro, Chitrak, Lead wort
Plumbaginaceae
Herb
16. Asparagus Racemosus
Satavari
Asparagaceae
Climbers
17. Buchanania Lanzan
Charoli
Anacardiaceae Tree
18. Piper Betle
Nagvel, Nagarvel, Betel leaf
Piperaceae
Climbers
A.K.Gupta, H.R. Chitme. Herbal Medicine for health. Eastern pharmacist. (2000)
Asolkar, L. V., Kakkar, K. K. and Chakre, O. J. 1992. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants
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Chaudhuri, S., Ghosh, S., Chakravarty, T., Kundu, S. and Hazra, S. K. 1978. Use of common
Indian herb Mandukaparni in the treatment of leprosy. J. Indian Med. Ass., 70:177.
Chopra R.N., Nayar S.L., and Chopra I.C., glossary of medicinal plant fifth reprint.(1999).
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