Arthur Conan Doyle 1

Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Born Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle22 May 1859Edinburgh, Scotland

Died 7 July 1930 (aged 71)Crowborough, East Sussex, England

Occupation Novelist, short story writer, poet, physician

Nationality Scottish

Citizenship British

Genres Detective fiction, fantasy, science fiction, historical novels, non-fiction

Notable work(s) Stories of Sherlock HolmesThe Lost World

Signature

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish physician and writer who ismost noted for his fictional stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered milestonesin the field of crime fiction. He is also known for writing the fictional adventures of a second character he invented,Professor Challenger, and for popularising the mystery of the Mary Celeste.[1] He was a prolific writer whose otherworks include fantasy and science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction, and historical novels.

Arthur Conan Doyle 2

Life and career

Early lifeArthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland.[][2] His father, CharlesAltamont Doyle, was born in England but of Irish descent, and his mother, born Mary Foley, was Irish. They marriedin 1855.[3] In 1864 the family dispersed due to Charles's growing alcoholism and the children were temporarilyhoused across Edinburgh. In 1867, the family came together again and lived in squalid tenement flats at 3 SciennesPlace.[4]

Supported by wealthy uncles, Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place,Stonyhurst, at the age of nine (1868-1870). He then went on to Stonyhurst College until 1875. From 1875 to 1876,he was educated at the Jesuit school Stella Matutina in Feldkirch, Austria.[4] Despite attending a Jesuit school, hewould later reject the Catholic religion and become an agnostic.[5]

From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town ofAston (now a district of Birmingham) and in Sheffield, as well as in Shropshire at Ruyton-XI-Towns.[] Whilestudying, Doyle began writing short stories. His earliest extant fiction, "The Haunted Grange of Goresthorpe", wasunsuccessfully submitted to Blackwood's Magazine.[4] His first published piece "The Mystery of Sasassa Valley", astory set in South Africa, was printed in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal on 6 September 1879.[4][6] On 20 September1879, he published his first non-fiction article, "Gelsemium as a Poison" in the British Medical Journal.[4]

Following his studies at university, Doyle was employed as a doctor on the Greenland whaler Hope of Peterhead, in1880,[7] and, after his graduation, as a ship's surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the West African coast,in 1881.[4] He completed his doctorate on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885.[8]

Doyle's father died in 1893, in the Crichton Royal, Dumfries, after many years of psychiatric illness.[9][10]

NameAlthough Doyle is often referred to as "Conan Doyle", whether this should be considered a compound surname isuncertain. The entry in which his baptism is recorded in the register of St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh, gives"Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Christian names, and simply "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan ashis godfather.[11] The cataloguers of the British Library and the Library of Congress treat "Doyle" alone as hissurname.[12] Steven Doyle, editor of the Baker Street Journal, has written "Conan was Arthur's middle name. Shortlyafter he graduated from high school he began using Conan as a sort of surname. But technically his last name issimply "Doyle".[13] When knighted he was gazetted as Doyle, not under the compound Conan Doyle.[] Nevertheless,the actual use of a compound surname is demonstrated by the fact that Doyle's second wife was known as "JeanConan Doyle" rather than "Jean Doyle".[14]

Arthur Conan Doyle 3

Writing career

Portrait of Sherlock Holmes by Sidney Paget,1904

In 1882 he joined former classmate George Turnavine Budd as hispartner at a medical practice in Plymouth, but their relationship proveddifficult, and Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice.[4][15]

Arriving in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than £10 (£900today[16]) to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas inElm Grove, Southsea.[17] The practice was initially not very successful.While waiting for patients, Doyle again began writing stories andcomposed his first novels, The Mystery of Cloomber, not publisheduntil 1888, and the unfinished Narrative of John Smith, which wouldgo unpublished until 2011.[] He amassed a portfolio of short storiesincluding "The Captain of the Pole-Star" and "J. Habakuk Jephson'sStatement", both inspired by Doyle's time at sea, the latter of whichpopularised the mystery of the Mary Celeste and added fictional detailssuch as the perfect condition of the ship (which had actually taken onwater by the time it was discovered) and its boats remaining on board(the one boat was in fact missing) that have come to dominate popularaccounts of the incident.[4][1]

Portrait of Doyle by Herbert RoseBarraud, 1893

Doyle struggled to find a publisher for his work. His first significant piece, AStudy in Scarlet, was taken by Ward Lock & Co on 20 November 1886, givingDoyle £25 for all rights to the story. The piece appeared later that year in theBeeton's Christmas Annual and received good reviews in The Scotsman and theGlasgow Herald.[4] The story featured the first appearance of Watson andSherlock Holmes, partially modelled after his former university teacher JosephBell. Doyle wrote to him, "It is most certainly to you that I owe SherlockHolmes... [R]ound the centre of deduction and inference and observation which Ihave heard you inculcate I have tried to build up a man."[18] Robert LouisStevenson was able, even in faraway Samoa, to recognise the strong similaritybetween Joseph Bell and Sherlock Holmes: "[M]y compliments on your veryingenious and very interesting adventures of Sherlock Holmes. ... [C]an this bemy old friend Joe Bell?"[19] Other authors sometimes suggest additionalinfluences—for instance, the famous Edgar Allan Poe character C. AugusteDupin.[20]

A sequel to A Study in Scarlet was commissioned and The Sign of the Four appeared in Lippincott's Magazine inFebruary 1890, under agreement with the Ward Lock company. Doyle felt grievously exploited by Ward Lock as anauthor new to the publishing world and he left them.[4] Short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published inthe Strand Magazine. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle first began to write for the ‘Strand’ from his home at 2 UpperWimpole Street, now marked by a memorial plaque.[21]

In this period, however, Holmes was not his sole subject and in 1893, he collaborated with J.M. Barrie on the librettoof Jane Annie.[22]

Arthur Conan Doyle 4

Sporting careerWhile living in Southsea, Doyle played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, anamateur side, under the pseudonym A. C. Smith.[23] (This club, disbanded in 1896, had no connection with thepresent-day Portsmouth F.C., which was founded in 1898.) Doyle was also a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). His highest score, in 1902 againstLondon County, was 43. He was an occasional bowler who took just one first-class wicket (although one of highpedigree—it was W. G. Grace).[24] Also a keen golfer, Conan Doyle was elected captain of the CrowboroughBeacon Golf Club, East Sussex for 1910. He moved to Little Windlesham house in Crowborough with his secondwife Jean Leckie and their family from 1907 until his death in July 1930.[25]

Marriages and familyIn 1885 Doyle married Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins, known as 'Touie', the sister of one of his patients. She sufferedfrom tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906.[26] The next year he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie, whom he had firstmet and fallen in love with in 1897. He had maintained a platonic relationship with Jean while his first wife was stillalive, out of loyalty to her.[27] Jean died in London on 27 June 1940.Doyle fathered five children. He had two with his first wife: Mary Louise (28 January 1889 – 12 June 1976) andArthur Alleyne Kingsley, known as Kingsley (15 November 1892 – 28 October 1918). He also had three with hissecond wife: Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 – 9 March 1955) second husband of Georgian Princess NinaMdivani, Adrian Malcolm (19 November 1910 – 3 June 1970) and Jean Lena Annette (21 December 1912 – 18November 1997).[28]

"Death" of Sherlock Holmes

Sherlock Holmes statue in Edinburgh, erectedopposite the birthplace of Doyle which was

demolished c.1970

In 1890 Doyle studied ophthalmology in Vienna, and moved toLondon, first living in Montague Place and then in South Norwood. Heset up a practice as an ophthalmologist. He wrote in his autobiographythat not a single patient crossed his door. This gave him more time forwriting, and in November 1891 he wrote to his mother: "I think ofslaying Holmes... and winding him up for good and all. He takes mymind from better things." His mother responded, "You won't! Youcan't! You mustn't!"[29]

In December 1893, in order to dedicate more of his time to what heconsidered his more important works (his historical novels), Doyle hadHolmes and Professor Moriarty apparently plunge to their deathstogether down the Reichenbach Falls in the story "The Final Problem".Public outcry, however, led him to bring the character back in 1901, inThe Hound of the Baskervilles, though this was set at a time before theReichenbach incident. In 1903, Doyle published his first Holmes shortstory in ten years, "The Adventure of the Empty House", in which itwas explained that only Moriarty had fallen; but since Holmes hadother dangerous enemies—especially Colonel Sebastian Moran—hehad arranged to also be perceived as dead. Holmes ultimately was featured in a total of 56 short stories and fourDoyle novels, and has since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors.

Jane Stanford compares some of Moriarty's characteristics to those of the Fenian John O'Connor Power. 'The Final Problem' was published the year the Second Home Rule Bill passed through the House of Commons. 'The Valley of Fear' was serialised in 1914, the year, Home Rule, The Government of Ireland Act (Sept.18) was placed on the

Arthur Conan Doyle 5

Statute Book.[30]

Political campaigning

Arthur Conan Doyle's house in South Norwood,London

Following the Boer War in South Africa at the turn of the 20th centuryand the condemnation from around the world over the UnitedKingdom's conduct, Doyle wrote a short work titled The War in SouthAfrica: Its Cause and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in theBoer War and was widely translated. Doyle had served as a volunteerdoctor in the Langman Field Hospital at Bloemfontein between Marchand June 1900.[31] Doyle believed it was this publication that resultedin his being knighted by King Edward VII in 1902[] and appointed aDeputy-Lieutenant of Surrey.[32] Also in 1900 he wrote a book, TheGreat Boer War. During the early years of the 20th century, he twicestood for Parliament as a Liberal Unionist—once in Edinburgh andonce in the Hawick Burghs—but although he received a respectable

vote, he was not elected.

Doyle was a supporter of the campaign for the reform of the Congo Free State, led by the journalist E. D. Morel andthe diplomat Roger Casement. During 1909 he wrote The Crime of the Congo, a long pamphlet in which hedenounced the horrors of that colony. He became acquainted with Morel and Casement, and it is possible that,together with Bertram Fletcher Robinson, they inspired several characters in the 1912 novel The Lost World.[33]

However, Doyle broke with both Morel and Casement when Morel became one of the leaders of the pacifistmovement during the First World War. When Casement was found guilty of treason against the Crown during theEaster Rising, Doyle tried unsuccessfully to save him from facing the death penalty, arguing that Casement had beendriven mad and could not be held responsible for his actions.

Arthur Conan Doyle 6

Correcting injustice

Arthur Conan Doyle statue inCrowborough, East Sussex

Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice and personally investigated twoclosed cases, which led to two men being exonerated of the crimes of which theywere accused. The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British, half-Indianlawyer named George Edalji who had allegedly penned threatening letters andmutilated animals. Police were set on Edalji's conviction, even though themutilations continued after their suspect was jailed.

It was partially as a result of this case that the Court of Criminal Appeal wasestablished in 1907, so not only did Doyle help George Edalji, his work helpedestablish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice. The story of Doyle andEdalji was fictionalised in Julian Barnes's 2005 novel Arthur & George anddramatized in an episode of the 1972 BBC television series, "The Edwardians".In Nicholas Meyer's pastiche The West End Horror (1976), Holmes manages tohelp clear the name of a shy Parsee Indian character wronged by the Englishjustice system. Edalji himself was of Parsee heritage on his father's side.

The second case, that of Oscar Slater, a German Jew and gambling-den operatorconvicted of bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in Glasgow in 1908, excitedDoyle's curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution case and a generalsense that Slater was not guilty. He ended up paying most of the costs for Slater'ssuccessful appeal in 1928.[34]

Spiritualism

One of the five photographs of Frances Griffithswith the alleged fairies, taken by Elsie Wright in

July 1917

Following the death of his wife Louisa in 1906, the death of his sonKingsley just before the end of World War I, and the deaths of hisbrother Innes, his two brothers-in-law (one of whom was E. W.Hornung, creator of the literary character Raffles) and his two nephewsshortly after the war, Doyle sank into depression. He found solacesupporting spiritualism and its attempts to find proof of existencebeyond the grave. In particular, according to some,[35] he favouredChristian Spiritualism and encouraged the Spiritualists' National Unionto accept an eighth precept – that of following the teachings andexample of Jesus of Nazareth. He also was a member of the renownedsupernatural organisation The Ghost Club.[36] Its focus, then and now,is on the scientific study of alleged supernatural activities in order toprove (or refute) the existence of supernatural phenomena.

On 28 October 1918 Kingsley Doyle died from pneumonia, which he contracted during his convalescence afterbeing seriously wounded during the 1916 Battle of the Somme. Brigadier-General Innes Doyle died, also frompneumonia, in February 1919. Sir Arthur became involved with Spiritualism to the extent that he wrote a ProfessorChallenger novel on the subject, The Land of Mist.His book The Coming of the Fairies (1922)[37] shows he was apparently convinced of the veracity of the five Cottingley Fairies photographs (which decades later were exposed as a hoax). He reproduced them in the book, together with theories about the nature and existence of fairies and spirits. In The History of Spiritualism (1926), Doyle praised the psychic phenomena and spirit materialisations produced by Eusapia Palladino and Mina

Arthur Conan Doyle 7

"Margery" Crandon.[38]

Conan Doyle with his family in NewYork City, 1922

Doyle was friends for a time with Harry Houdini, the American magician whohimself became a prominent opponent of the Spiritualist movement in the 1920sfollowing the death of his beloved mother. Although Houdini insisted thatSpiritualist mediums employed trickery (and consistently exposed them asfrauds), Doyle became convinced that Houdini himself possessed supernaturalpowers—a view expressed in Doyle's The Edge of the Unknown. Houdini wasapparently unable to convince Doyle that his feats were simply illusions, leadingto a bitter public falling out between the two.[38]

In 1920 Doyle debated the notable skeptic Joseph McCabe on the claims ofSpiritualism at Queen's Hall in London. McCabe later published his evidenceagainst Doyle and Spiritualism in a booklet entitled Is Spiritualism Based onFraud? which claimed Doyle had been duped into believing Spiritualism bymediumship trickery.[39]

Richard Milner, an American historian of science, has presented a case thatDoyle may have been the perpetrator of the Piltdown Man hoax of 1912, creating

the counterfeit hominid fossil that fooled the scientific world for over 40 years. Milner says that Conan Doyle had amotive—namely, revenge on the scientific establishment for debunking one of his favourite psychics—and that TheLost World contains several encrypted clues regarding his involvement in the hoax.[40][41]

Samuel Rosenberg's 1974 book Naked is the Best Disguise purports to explain how, throughout his writings, Doyleleft open clues that related to hidden and suppressed aspects of his mentality.In 1970, a woman identified only as Vera claimed that she had transcribed works via her dead mother fromnumerous deceased authors including Doyle. Vera's father, a retired 73 year-old bank officer only identified as "Mr.A" submitted the material - a collection entitled Tales of Mystery and Imagination - to author Peter Fleming whodismissed it as "tosh". Author Duff Hart-Davis noted that the work was "crude, devoid of literary merit, and allalmost exactly the same" despite allegedly being the work of numerous authors.[42]

Death

Grave of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle atMinstead, England

Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his housein Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the ageof 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are wonderful."[43] Atthe time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, ashe was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was firstburied on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. He was later reinterredtogether with his wife in Minstead churchyard in the New Forest, Hampshire.[4]

Carved wooden tablets to his memory and to the memory of his wife are heldprivately and are inaccessible to the public. That inscription reads, "Bladestraight / Steel true / Arthur Conan Doyle / Born May 22nd 1859 / Passed On 7thJuly 1930." The epitaph on his gravestone in the churchyard reads, in part: "Steeltrue/Blade straight/Arthur Conan Doyle/Knight/Patriot, Physician, and man ofletters".[44]

Undershaw, the home near Hindhead, Haslemere, south of London, that ArthurConan Doyle had built and lived in between October 1897 and September

Arthur Conan Doyle 8

1907,[45] was a hotel and restaurant from 1924 until 2004. It was then bought by a developer and stood empty whileconservationists and Doyle fans fought to preserve it.[26] In 2012 the High Court ruled that the redevelopmentpermission be quashed because proper procedure had not been followed.[]

A statue honours Doyle at Crowborough Cross in Crowborough, where he lived for 23 years.[46] There is also astatue of Sherlock Holmes in Picardy Place, Edinburgh, close to the house where Conan Doyle was born.[47]

References[1] Macdonald Hastings, Mary Celeste, (1971) ISBN 0-7181-1024-2[3] The details of the births of Arthur and his siblings are unclear. Some sources say there were nine children, some say ten. It seems three died in

childhood. See Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan (1859–1930)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, OxfordUniversity Press, 2004; Encyclopaedia Britannica (http:/ / www. britannica. com/ EBchecked/ topic/ 170563/ Sir-Arthur-Conan-Doyle);Arthur Conan Doyle: A Life in Letters, Wordsworth Editions, 2007 p. viii. ISBN 978-1-84022-570-9

[4] Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan (1859–1930)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford UniversityPress, 2004

[6] Stashower 30–31.[7] Conan Doyle, Arthur (Author), Lellenberg, Jon (Editor), Stashower, Daniel (Editor) (2012). Dangerous Work: Diary of an Arctic Adventure.

Chicago: University Of Chicago Press. ISBN 022600905X . ISBN 978-0226009056.[8] Available at the Edinburgh Research Archive (http:/ / www. era. lib. ed. ac. uk/ handle/ 1842/ 418).[11] Stashower says that the compound version of his surname originated from his great-uncle Michael Conan, a distinguished journalist, from

whom Arthur and his elder sister, Annette, received the compound surname of "Conan Doyle" (Stashower 20–21). The same source points outthat in 1885 he was describing himself on the brass nameplate outside his house, and on his doctoral thesis, as "A. Conan Doyle" (Stashower70). However, the 1901 census indicates that Conan Doyle's surname was "Doyle", leading some sources to assert that the form "ConanDoyle" was used as a surname only in his later years.

[12] Christopher Redmond, Sherlock Holmes Handbook (Dundurn, 2nd edition 2009), p. 97 (http:/ / books. google. co. uk/books?id=X3OIoRbJFhAC& pg=PA97& redir_esc=y#v=onepage& q& f=false)

[13] Steven Doyle & David A. Crowder, Sherlock Holmes for Dummies (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2010), p. 51 (http:/ / books. google.com/ books?id=FTs85BS6IeYC& pg=PA51#v=onepage& q& f=false)

[14] Cutis, vols. 53-54 (1994), p. 312: "A large stone cross stands over a simple half-oval white stone, inscribed: "Steel True, Blade Straight,Arthur Conan Doyle, Knight, Patriot, Physician & Man of Letters, 22 May 1859 - 7 July 1930, And His Beloved, His Wife, Jean ConanDoyle..."

[15] Stashower 52–59.[16] UK CPI inflation numbers based on data available from Gregory Clark (2013), " What Were the British Earnings and Prices Then? (New

Series) (http:/ / www. measuringworth. org/ ukearncpi/ )" MeasuringWorth.[17] Stashower 55, 58–59.[18] Independent, 7 August 2006 (http:/ / www. independent. co. uk/ arts-entertainment/ theatre-dance/ reviews/

conan-doyle-and-joseph-bell-the-real-sherlock-holmes-surgeons-hall-museums-edinburgh-410821. html).[19] Letter from R L Stevenson to Conan Doyle 5 April 1893 The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson Volume 2/Chapter XII.[20] Sova, Dawn B. Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. New York: Checkmark Books, 2001. pp. 162–163. ISBN 0-8160-4161-X.[21] City of Westminster green plaques http:/ / www. westminster. gov. uk/ services/ leisureandculture/ greenplaques/[22] "Jane Annie; J.M. Barrie and Doyle's Libretto Rather Puzzles London", (http:/ / query. nytimes. com/ gst/ abstract.

html?res=9E0CE3DD103BEF33A2575BC2A9639C94629ED7CF) The New York Times, 28 May 1893, p. 13[25][25] Arthur Conan Doyle. "Memories and Adventures". p. 222. Oxford University Press, 2012[26][26] Leeman, Sue, "Sherlock Holmes fans hope to save Doyle's house from developers", Associated Press, 28 July 2006.[27][27] Janet B. Pascal (2000). "Arthur Conan Doyle:Beyond Baker Street: Beyond Baker Street". p. 95. Oxford University Press[28] "Obituary: Air Commandant Dame Jean Conan Doyle" (http:/ / www. independent. co. uk/ news/ obituaries/

obituary-air-commandant-dame-jean-conan-doyle-1295551. html). The Independent. Retrieved 6 November 2012[30][30] Stanford Jane, 'That Irishman: The Life and Times of John O'Connor Power', pp. 30, 124-127, History Press Ireland, May 2011, ISBN

978-1-84588-698-1[31] Miller, Russell. The Adventures of Arthur Conan Doyle. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2008. pp. 211–217. ISBN 0-312-37897-1.[38] Kalush, William, and Larry Sloman, The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America's First Superhero, Atria Books, 2006. ISBN

0-7432-7207-2.[39] Joseph McCabe. (1920). Is Spiritualism Based On Fraud? The Evidence Given By Sir A. C. Doyle and Others Drastically Examined (http:/ /

archive. org/ stream/ isspiritualismba00mccarich#page/ n3/ mode/ 2up). London Watts & Co.[40] "Piltdown Man: Britain's Greatest Hoax" 17 February 2011 BBC (http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ history/ ancient/ archaeology/

piltdown_man_01. shtml)[41] "Piltdown Man: British archaeology's greatest hoax" The Guardian 5 February 2012 (http:/ / www. guardian. co. uk/ science/ 2012/ feb/ 05/

piltdown-man-archaeologys-greatest-hoax)

Arthur Conan Doyle 9

[42] The other authors include Ian Fleming, H. G. Wells, Edgar Wallace, Ruby M. Ayres, W. Somerset Maugham and George Bernard Shaw.[43][43] Stashower, p. 439.[44][44] Johnson, Roy (1992). "Studying Fiction: A Guide and Study Programme". p.15. Manchester University Press[46] Arthur Conan Doyle (1859–1930) (http:/ / www. librarything. com/ author/ doylearthurconan), (Author database) www.librarything.com

(http:/ / www. librarything. com). Retrieved: 17 March 2012.[47] "Sherlock Holmes statue reinstated in Edinburgh after tram works" (http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ news/

uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-19343195), BBC. Retrieved 6 November 2012

External links• Arthur Conan Doyle Online Exhibition (http:/ / www. westminsteronline. org/ conandoyle/ index. html)• Conan Doyle in Birmingham (http:/ / www. birmingham. gov. uk/ doyle)• The Arthur Conan Doyle Society (http:/ / www. ash-tree. bc. ca/ acds details. htm)• Archival material relating to Arthur Conan Doyle (http:/ / www. nationalarchives. gov. uk/ nra/ searches/

subjectView. asp?ID=P8431) listed at the UK National Archives• Works by Arthur Conan Doyle (http:/ / www. gutenberg. org/ author/ Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at Project Gutenberg• Arthur Conan Doyle (http:/ / librivox. org/ newcatalog/ search. php?title=& author=Arthur+ Conan+ Doyle)

public domain audiobooks from LibriVox• Works by or about Arthur Conan Doyle (http:/ / worldcat. org/ identities/ lccn-n79-82292) in libraries (WorldCat

catalog)• Works at Project Gutenberg Australia (http:/ / www. gutenberg. net. au/ pages/ doyle. html)• Online works available from The University of Adelaide Library (http:/ / ebooks. adelaide. edu. au/ d/ doyle/

arthur_conan/ )• Works of Arthur Conan Doyle available as freely downloadable eBooks at University of Virginia EText Center

(http:/ / etext. lib. virginia. edu/ ebooks/ Dlist. html)• Arthur Conan Doyle (http:/ / www. isfdb. org/ cgi-bin/ ea. cgi?Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at the Internet Speculative

Fiction Database• A film clip of a 1927 Fox newsreel interview (http:/ / archive. org/ details/ SirArthurConanDoyleSpeaks_272) is

available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]

• C. Frederick Kittle's Collection of Doyleana (http:/ / www. newberry. org/ collections/ FindingAids/ kittledoyle/KittleDoyle. html) at the Newberry Library

Article Sources and Contributors 10

Article Sources and ContributorsArthur Conan Doyle  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=569262408  Contributors: 0000g, 28421u2232nfenfcenc, 5 albert square, 84user, A8UDI, ASpafford, Abc123acb,Abdulla1998, Absecon 59, Ace of Spades, Achowat, Acme2ajax, Adie299, Adilabdulrehman, Adornix, Ahmed987147, Ahoerstemeier, Ahsen, Ajaydsouza, Akuchling, Alan Rockefeller,Alansohn, Alboran, Albrecht Conz, Aleksandar acca, AlexPlank, Alexf, Alison, All Hallow's Wraith, AllyD, Altaïr, Ameliorate!, Anaxial, Andres, Andrew Gray, Andrewthorne, Andyman1125,Angela, Angr, Angusmclellan, Ankimai, Anlace, Anonymouse13, Antandrus, ArchStanton69, Archer7, Archtransit, Arctic Night, Arniep, Artoasis, AssociateAffiliate, Astrochemist, AtStart,Attilios, Audaciter, AutomaticStrikeout, Auximines, Averaver, Avoided, Az29, Azuris, BD2412, Banaticus, Barliner, Barracks23, Barrettmagic, Bbsrock, Bcrowell, Belovedfreak, Benchippy009,Bender235, Benedetto xvi, Benjy613, Bensin, Benson85, Bento00, Big Jock Knew, Bigturtle, BirgitteSB, Biruitorul, Bjankuloski06en, Bjmullan, Black Foil, Blitzzeig, BlueMoonlet, Blueboar,Bluerasberry, Bob Castle, Bobanny, Bobbaxter, Bobblewik, Bobby D. Bryant, Bobo192, Boing! said Zebedee, Bongwarrior, Book of Eibon, Bornintheguz, Boubou17, Brandubh Blathmac, Brianthe Editor, Bridgetfox, BrokenSphere, Broncoschwanz, Bruce1ee, Bwithh, CWii, Caiaffa, CalJW, Can't sleep, clown will eat me, CanadianLinuxUser, Capricorn42, Captain108, Carcharoth,Caricaturechild, Carom, Carptrash, Cassianto, Casull, Catgut, Caulde, Causa sui, Charles Matthews, Chase me ladies, I'm the Cavalry, Chelmsford261, Chicheley, Chie one, Choess,ChrisHodgesUK, Christopher7707, Chun-hian, Chzz, Classic rocker, Claude girardin, Cloptonson, Cmapm, Collywolly, Connormah, Contributor777, Conversion script, CoolKoon, Correogsk,Cosprings, Courcelles, Craigy144, Crazy Boris with a red beard, Crazycomputers, Cryptic C62, Cst17, Cureden, Cwlibra, Cynical, D, D C McJonathan, D6, DARTH SIDIOUS 2, DBigXray,DO11.10, DRAGON BOOSTER, DVdm, Dabomb87, Dacho2, Daemonic Kangaroo, Daibhid C, Dalekusa, Dan D. 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Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Conan doyle.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Conan_doyle.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: George Ho, Interpretix, Marcok, Matanya (usurped), Soerfm,Str4nd, Thuresson, Tomia, Ugo14, Yerpo, 3 anonymous editsFile:Arthur Conan Doyle Signature.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_Signature.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Connormah, ArthurConan DoyleFile:Sherlock Holmes Portrait Paget.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sherlock_Holmes_Portrait_Paget.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Sidney Paget(1860-1908)File:Arthur Conan Doyle by Herbert Rose Barraud 1893.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_by_Herbert_Rose_Barraud_1893.jpg  License:Public Domain  Contributors: Herbert Rose Barraud (1845 - c1896)File:Sherlock Holmes Statue, Edinburgh.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sherlock_Holmes_Statue,_Edinburgh.JPG  License: Creative CommonsAttribution-Sharealike 3.0  Contributors: User:Kim TraynorFile:Arthur Conan Doyle house.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_house.JPG  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Pafcool2File:conandoylestatue.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Conandoylestatue.jpg  License: GNU Free Documentation License  Contributors: Maksim, Soerfm, Zscout370File:Cottingley Fairies 1.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cottingley_Fairies_1.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: Elsie Wright (1901–1988)File:Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and family.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle_and_family.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: GeorgeGrantham Bain Collection.File:Doyle Arthur Conan grave.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Doyle_Arthur_Conan_grave.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: AstrochemistImage:Speaker Icon.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Speaker_Icon.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Blast, G.Hagedorn, Mobius, Tehdog, 2 anonymousedits

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