Art Appreciation 4

8/7/2019 Art Appreciation 4

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ART APPRECIATION

SEMIV

Prof.

G.Karteek


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STYLE

RepresentsaresponsetoCULTURE

FashionorPopulartrend

Also re erred to as ISMS

AlsoreferredtoasISMS

SYMMETRY

SCALE

PROPORTION

FORM

FUNCTION


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STYLE

AppreciationoftheaffectofeachISMonsucceedingstylesisimportant.

All

design

comes

from

the

understanding

of

precedent

Historical,

Cultural

or

Social

Parameters

es e c unc ona

Appropriateness:RelatestotheContemporaryCulture

Architecturalconce tsandIdeashavetobeaccommodativetochan in CULTURES USERS

andFUNCTIONS.


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BeauxArts

,

classical style taught at L'Ecole des Beaux Arts in

Paris in the 19th century. Influenced the last

The style was popularized during the 1893

Columbian Ex osition in Chica o in 1893.

KeyElementsSymmetricalfacade

Roofs:flat,lowpitchedPalais Garnier isacornerpiece ofBeauxArtsarchitecture

Wallsurfaceswithdecorative garlands,floralpatterns,

or cartouches drippingwithsculpturalornament

Facadeswith quoins, pilasters,or columns (usuallypaired

with Ionic or Corinthian capitals)

Wallsofmasonry(usuallysmooth,lightcolored stone)

Firststorymaybe rusticated

Largeandgrandiosecompositions

Exuberanceofdetailandvarietyofstonefinishes

Projectingfacadesorpavilions

PairedcolossalcolumnsandEnrichedmoldings

Freesandingstatuary,Windows:framedbyfreestanding

columns,balustraded sill,andpedimented entablatureontopPronouncedcornicesandenrichedentablaturesaretoppedwith

atallparapet,balustrade,oratticstory

SanFranciscoWarMemorialOperaHouse,completed

1932


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Modernism

Europe nurtured the seeds of the modern

movement in Architecture through a well

known se uence of events and manifestos that

came about to answer BeauxArts attitude.

ModernArchitecture

Evolved to reconcile an idealized vision of

soc ety w t orces o n ustr a evo ut on.

ItwasanAttitude

Division of Labour Design of a product is

seperated from its meaning.

and should be made a better place for all.

Standardization Set of styles and ways of

SeagramBuilding,NewYork

solving problems using set of patterns.


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ModernArchitecture

Modernist architecture emphasizes function. Itattempts to provide for specific needs rather than

imitate nature. The roots of Modernism may be found

n e wor o er o u er n , a

Russian architect.

Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art at

Cornell Universit b I.M.Pie

Reform of the materialist city and its replacement by a

supposedly more Humane and harmonious order enriched

throu h contact with nature.

Simplication ofFORM

Eliminationofornament

FormfollowsFunction

Lessismore(LouisSullivan)

Melnikov House near Arbat Street in

Moscow by Konstantin Melnikov.


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BauhausStyle

F at roo s, smoot aca es an cu ic s apescharacterize the Bauhaus style.

Bauhaus is a German expression meaning house for

building.

In 1919, the economy in Germany was collapsing after a.

head a new institution that would help rebuild the country

and form a new social order. Called the Bauhaus, the

Institution called for a new "rational" social housing for the

workers.

Bauhaus architects rejected "bourgeois"

NewUnitybetweenARTandTechnology

, ,

decorative details. They wanted to use

principles of Classical architecture in their

most ure form: without ornamentation of

any kind.


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ART

rt earlier was referred to any skill or mastery.

rt s a

To make A STATEMENTof some kind

Communicating an IDEA, an EMOTION or a PURPOSE

Provides a creative platform for discussions and

creates opportunity for change in thought or

.

ARTandARCHITECTUREareintegraltoeachother

andoftentheformsandmeaningsofonecollapses

intotheother.


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AESTHETICS

esthetics is the study ofbeauty and taste.

aesthetics as a unitary and selfsufficient type of

human experience.ArchitecturalAestheticsrelatestoHistory,Culture

andReligion.


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SCALEPROPORTION

Scaleisthesizeofsomethingcomparedtoareferencestandardortothesizeofsomething.

Proportionisharmoniousrelationofoneparttoanotherortothewhole.

ScalereferstoPERCEPTIONorJUDGEMENTof

Structuralproportion

Manufacturedproportion

es zeo some ng nre a on osome ng

else.

VISUALSCALE

HUMANSCALE

Proportioningsystemsgobeyondfunctionaland

Consistentsetofvisualrelationships

technicaldeterminantstoprovideaesthetic

rationale.


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PROPORTIONANDSCALE

Phi= 0.618034

Phi appears throughout

Fibonacci series

0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,

natural world at all sizes.

Golden rectangle 1 : 1.618

i.e 1 : 1+ phi

= + =

Each successive number is determined by

adding the two previous numbers.

the golden ratio.


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PROPORTIONANDSCALE

The MODULOR: A Harmonious measure to the Human scale

universally applicable to Architecture and Mechanics

HUMAN SCALE

VISUAL SCALE


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PROPORTIONANDSCALE


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EXPRESSIONISM

The Scream Expressionism

oil on canvas 1893 by

Edward Munch

The art form that distorts reality to produce a

highly emotional effect , exhibited in painting,

literature film architecture and music.

ItfocussedonExpressivecharacterandmodeof

communication,useofdistortionandexaggeration.

Itemergedastheavantgardemovementinpoetry

.

Depictsnotobjectiverealitybutratherthe

sub ectiveemotionsandres onses.

Characterized by symbolic colours, distorted forms,a twodimensional careless manner and larger

thanlife imagery.

Erich Mendelsohn's Einstein

Tower in Potsdam, Germany

completed in 1921


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DESTIJL(TheStyle)

Dutch Artistic movement found in 1917

lso known as NEOPLASTICISM The new

plastic Art.

Designer, writer, and critic

,

Painters

Piet Mondrian 18721944

Vilmos Huszr (18841960), and

Bart van der Leck (18761958),

rchitects

Gerrit Rietveld (18881964),

Robert van 't Hoff (18871979), and

J.J.P. Oud (18901963)


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CONSTRUCTIVIST ARCHITECTURE

CollectivehousingDesign

by NikolaiLadovsky,1920

Emerged from the wider constructivistart movement, which grew out ofRussian Futurism

in 1919.

It was not strictly an art movement but rather a

trend in the arts that was closely linked with

industry and manufacturing, architecture and the

applied arts.

The term constructivism was first coined by the

movements leading artists Naum Gabo and

Antoine Pevsner. Tatlin towerbyRussianartistandarchitectVladimir

Tatlin

architecture which involved advance technology

and engineering with a Communist Social

Main features

Acceptance of modernity

Abstract art

Emphasis on geometric shapes and

experimentation

Optimistic and Objective


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METABOLISTMOVEMENT

Future vision for Cities inhabited by a Mass societywere characterized by

Large scale

ex e an

Expandable structures that facilitate an organic

growth processKisho Kurokawa is one of the founders of the Metabolism

and others who demonstrated the philosophy were Kenzo

Tango, Kisho Kikutake, Takashi Asada, Noboru Kawazoe,

ClustersintheAirin196062forTokyobyArata Isozaki. GraphicArtsCentrebyPaulRudolph

, .

Often calledTechnocraticalso.

apsu e ower y s o uro awa


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POPART

towards the end of the 1950's in England and the

United States. Artistic techniques and themes are

,

comic books and mundane cultural objects . Pop Art

employs images of popular culture in art.

op removes e ma er a rom s con ex an so a es

the object.

Origin in North America and Great Britain

Eduardo Paolozzi. I was a Rich Man's Plaything (1947) isconsidered the initial standard bearer of "pop art" and first

to display the word "pop.

Two im ortant ainters in the establishment of

DrowningGirlby RoyLichtenstein, 1963

America'spopartvocabularywere Jasper

Johns and RobertRauschenberg.


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SURREALISM

"

Surrealism is a cultural movement that began inthe early 1920s.

unconscious mind". It attempts to "liberate" the mind

from every day reality, to simulate a "dreamlike" state

that is truer than our own reality element of surprise and

unexpected juxtapositions.

20thcenturyweredirectlyorindirectlyinfluencedby

Surrealism.

Dali and Magritte created the most widely recognized

images of the movement.

Magritte's VoiceofSpace (LaVoixdesairs)


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ABSTRACTEXPRESSIONISM

Abstract expressionism was an American post

World War II art movement.

The movement gets its name because it is seen as

combining the emotional intensity and self

expression of the German Expressionists with theantifigurative aesthetic of the European abstract

schools such as Futurism, the Bauhaus and

Synthetic Cubism. JaneFrank (19181986): CragsandCrevices,1961

Additionally, it has an image of being rebellious and

.

An important predecessor is surrealism, with its

,

subconscious creation

MarkdiSuvero, Aurora, 19921993


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CUBISM

Cubism was a 20th century avantgarde artmovement, pioneered by Pablo

Picasso and Georges Braque.

In "cubist" artworks, objects are broken up,

Often there is no coherent sense of depth in these

works as the surfaces often intersect at seemin l

random angles.

A "cubist" work usually has the background and

object planes "interpenetrate" one another,

creating the ambiguous shallow space that is

characteristic of cubism.

Pablo Picasso, Le guitariste, 1910, oil on canvas,

Centre Georges Pompidou,Paris. An exampleof Analytic Cubism


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LECORBUSIERSfivepointsofarchitecture

Herzog and Meuron

Le CorbusierLe Corbusier

David Chi er ield

MVRDV

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Art Appreciation 4