SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL A:

Image of spent Serratella ignita with eggs deposited on glass slides at the bottom of the tray.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL B:

Image of dosing funnel chamber containing glass slides with deposited egg masses.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL C:

Image of displaced or ‘ghost’ S.ignita egg masses.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL D:

Mean physical-chemical properties for control and diluent carbon-limestone filtered tap water.

Parameter Unit Sample date (n = 8)29/8/15 26/9/15 31/10/15 28/11/15 19/12/15 30/1/16 19/2/16 26/3/16

Nitrogen: Total as N

mg l-1 0.5 0.525 0.435 0.44 0.535 0.501 0.702 0.563

Alkalinity to pH 4.5 as CaCO3

mg l-1 117 122 129 139 144 154 150 161

Ammoniacal Nitrogen as N

mg l-1 <0.030 <0.030 <0.030 <0.0300 <0.0300 <0.0300 <0.0300 <0.0300

Nitrite as N mg l-1 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040 <0.0040Orthophosphate

as Pmg l-1 0.044 0.045 0.027 0.033 0.03 0.036 0.04 0.029

pH 7.97 8.03 7.92 7.99 8.07 8.07 8.14 8.27Suspended Solids

at 105o Cmg l-1 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3

Boron μg l-1 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100Calcium mg l-1 49.2 58.1 49 58 59.3 61.9 66.9 65.1

Iron μg l-1 34.9 49.9 45.2 37.6 39.9 32.8 40.9 34.7Lithium μg l-1 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100

Magnesium mg l-1 2.55 3.46 5.02 3.05 3.91 3.32 3.37 3.86Manganese μg l-1 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10

Sodium mg l-1 8.19 9.1 8.65 8.17 8.28 8.4 8.34 8.35Mercury μg l-1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Hardness : Total as CaCO3

mg l-1 136 159 143 157 164 168 181 178

Arsenic μg l-1 1 - - - - - - 1Selenium μg l-1 1 - - - - - - 1Cadmium μg l-1 0.1 - - - - - - 0.2

Copper μg l-1 0.5 - - - - - - 0.115Lead μg l-1 0.61 - - - - - - 0.5

Nickel μg l-1 1.97 - - - - - - 0.4

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL E:

Water temperature in a control S. ignita egg chamber.

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