WEB APPENDIXConstruct Definition and Aliases

Construct Definition AliasesProduct Product range The width (number of product categories) and depth (choice within each

category) of a product and service range.Choice, retail offer

Quality of products The degree to which the quality characteristics of products in the range meet the expected quality standards of customers.

Quality of the store offer

Service Customer service The set of services that support the customers’ shopping process in and around stores.

Convenience

Maneuverability The ability of maneuvering quickly, easily, and safely between the different areas within a store.

Layout, customer flow

Orientation The ability of finding product and related information easily and quickly within a store and on shelves.

Shelf management, signage

Parking The availability of parking spaces, the convenience of finding them, and the safety of parking the car during the store visit.

Parking convenience

Retail tenant mix The range of retail stores in an agglomeration, for customers. Choice of different retail outlets

Service tenant mix The range of service stores in an agglomeration, for customers. Non-retail tenant mixShopping infrastructure Key infrastructural services provided to facilitate customers’ store visits (e.g.,

provision of toilets, recreational areas, cash dispensers).Provision of toilets,

recreational areas, cash dispensers

Brand Branded products The choice of attractive brands available in a product range. Number of brands available, branding

Corporate branding Image and reputation of a corporation and its brand – store or retail organization related.

Corporate brand image, corporate reputation;

Incentivea Monetary incentives Monetary inducement that reduce costs of the retailer’s offering for customers (e.g., through volume discounts and price reductions). Such enhancement of the retailer’s offering focuses on selected products and categories and represents a short-term marketing stimulus.

Price promotions, discounts, rebates

Non-monetary incentives Non-monetary rewards that enhance the value of a retailer’s offering to customers. This enhancement of a retailer’s offering is not directly related to prices of products and services but influences purchasing and loyalty behavior of customers.

Loyalty program rewards, club card points, premiums

Communication Advertising Refers to non-personal communication through television, radio, print, and Advertising spending

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Construct Definition Aliasesonline forms by a retailer.

Atmosphere The set of visual and non-visual stimuli in a store that are perceived by customers.

Atmospherics, ambience

Personal selling Direct one-to-one interaction with a company representative in the store. Friendliness, helpfulness, empathy of employees

Price Low prices The degree to which products in a range are offered with prices lower than those in other stores. In contrast with monetary incentives, this instrument refers to the overall (low) price image of a store or a retailer and is not short-term in nature.

Price level, low price image

Perceived value The perceived ratio of the quality to the price of products in a range. Price–quality ratioDistribution Access from parking The convenience, pace, and safety related to getting from the car park to the

store.Parking access

Access to store The general convenience, pace, and safety related to getting to the store from the starting point of the shopping trip.

Accessibility

Proximity to home Perceived distance between the main residency of a customer and the store. Closeness to homeProximity to work Perceived distance between the usual workplace and the store. Closeness to workSpatial distance The spatial distance between the starting point of the shopping trip and the

store.Distance in miles, meters

Temporal distance The temporal distance between the starting point of the shopping trip and the store.

Distance in hours, minutes

Outcomes Satisfaction The degree to which a consumer perceives a store to meet their expectations. Overall satisfaction, cumulative satisfaction

Patronage intentions The intent of a consumer to show patronage behavior towards a store. Repurchase intention, intentions to visit, switching

intentionsPatronage behavior The set of actions that a consumer displays reflecting their degree of patronage

towards a store.Number of visits, actual store choice, spending

behaviorWord of mouth The extent to which a consumer recommends a store to peers. Referrals, recommendations

Note: The coders classified the effect sizes according to the different instruments using the definitions herein. When coding studies, the coders also examined the scale items reported in each study. This approach ensures that dissimilar constructs are not combined and similar constructs are not separated. Because the literature uses different terms for various instruments, the coders discussed their classification to reach an agreement in case of inconsistencies. Common aliases used in the literature are displayed in the table. a. Following the notions of Chernev (2014), we treat incentives separately and thus subsume instruments related to sales and price promotions under this category.

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WEB APPENDIXRelationship Between Retail Marketing Instruments and Retail Patronage

Relationship k N r rw rwc SD CIlow CIhigh CRlow CRhigh Q p FSNAccess from parking → SAT 39 11,775 .18 .18 .20 .10 .16 .24 .07 .33 127 .00 4,100Access to store→ SAT 52 11,743 .17 .18 .21 .10 .17 .24 .08 .33 144 .00 5,879Advertising → SAT 3 630 .14 .13 .15 .00 .13 .17 .15 .15 0 .94 9Atmosphere → SAT 83 28,726 .31 .29 .32 .19 .28 .37 .08 .56 896 .00 64,202Branding product level → SAT 43 16,190 .34 .36 .39 .12 .35 .43 .24 .54 219 .00 26,120Corporate brand → SAT 62 19,278 .39 .38 .45 .22 .39 .51 .17 .73 712 .00 54,579Customer service → SAT 68 21,048 .39 .40 .46 .18 .42 .51 .23 .70 570 .00 62,094Incentives (mon.) → SAT 45 10,410 .26 .25 .27 .09 .24 .30 .16 .39 112 .00 9,223Incentives (non-mon.) → SAT 4 1,271 .37 .19 .20 .18 .01 .38 -.03 .43 40 .00 102Low prices → SAT 53 26,519 .22 .27 .29 .08 .26 .31 .19 .39 181 .00 15,103Maneuverability → SAT 42 11,576 .27 .26 .30 .09 .27 .33 .19 .41 104 .00 10,833Orientation → SAT 47 11,303 .31 .29 .35 .14 .30 .39 .17 .52 199 .00 14,553Parking → SAT 43 11,341 .14 .14 .16 .10 .13 .20 .04 .29 121 .00 3,043Perceived value → SAT 66 17,545 .34 .34 .38 .19 .33 .42 .14 .62 554 .00 41,069Personnel selling→ SAT 64 22,755 .37 .38 .43 .14 .39 .46 .25 .61 412 .00 56,390Product range → SAT 59 15,400 .40 .41 .47 .17 .43 .52 .26 .69 352 .00 43,657Proximity to home → SAT 34 10,118 .06 .07 .08 .10 .04 .12 -.06 .21 127 .00 457Proximity to work → SAT 33 10,992 .05 .06 .07 .09 .03 .10 -.04 .18 104 .00 338Quality of products → SAT 75 20,270 .38 .36 .40 .18 .36 .44 .17 .64 625 .00 66,655Retail tenant mix → SAT 45 14,783 .47 .46 .52 .17 .47 .58 .31 .74 352 .00 43,248Service tenant mix → SAT 40 30,869 .30 .38 .46 .09 .43 .49 .35 .57 180 .00 23,943Shopping infrastructure → SAT 50 12,984 .20 .21 .23 .06 .20 .25 .15 .31 86 .00 8,141Spatial distance → SAT 34 10,465 .03 .04 .04 .08 .00 .07 -.06 .14 87 .00 73Temporal distance → SAT 34 8,651 .02 .02 .02 .08 -.02 .05 -.08 .12 80 .00 —

Access from parking → PI 39 10,736 .16 .16 .18 .10 .14 .21 .05 .30 115 .00 2,657Access to store→ PI 66 17,627 .23 .21 .23 .16 .19 .27 .02 .43 429 .00 16,641Advertising → PI 17 3,291 .25 .25 .28 .16 .20 .37 .08 .49 80 .00 1,162Atmosphere → PI 104 41,649 .23 .17 .17 .20 .13 .21 -.09 .42 1557 .00 47,295Branding product level→ PI 57 10,985 .25 .23 .24 .14 .20 .28 .07 .42 234 .00 11,063Corporate brand → PI 98 28,761 .40 .42 .47 .20 .43 .52 .22 .73 967 .00 13,8308Customer service → PI 80 28,522 .30 .22 .23 .24 .18 .29 -.08 .54 1471 .00 47,435

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Incentives (mon.) → PI 64 40189 .25 .34 .36 .19 .31 .40 .12 .59 1325 .00 31,824Incentives (non-mon.) → PI 11 2826 .28 .29 .31 .17 .21 .42 .10 .53 81 .00 859Low prices→ PI 85 27,685 .23 .25 .27 .18 .23 .31 .04 .51 851 .00 42,470Maneuverability → PI 47 28,255 .24 .19 .20 .09 .17 .23 .08 .32 256 .00 13,348Orientation → PI 63 18,015 .25 .26 .30 .15 .26 .34 .11 .49 365 .00 22,812Parking → PI 49 12,602 .15 .14 .16 .09 .13 .19 .05 .27 122 .00 4,027Perceived value → PI 79 35,647 .36 .42 .45 .16 .41 .49 .24 .66 880 .00 86,909Personal selling→ PI 89 31,359 .25 .24 .26 .16 .22 .29 .05 .46 774 .00 47,990Product range→ PI 87 39,247 .30 .44 .49 .25 .44 .54 .17 .81 2010 .00 87,874Proximity to home → PI 36 12,840 .09 .10 .11 .11 .07 .15 -.03 .26 177 .00 1,235Proximity to work → PI 33 8,324 .06 .05 .05 .10 .01 .09 -.07 .18 101 .00 256Quality of products → PI 105 33,294 .32 .32 .35 .16 .31 .38 .14 .55 809 .00 103,103Retail tenant mix → PI 45 13,768 .36 .35 .40 .13 .36 .44 .23 .56 211 .00 22,324Service tenant mix → PI 39 11,392 .27 .30 .37 .16 .32 .43 .16 .58 235 .00 10,673Shopping infrastructure → PI 57 17,485 .19 .17 .17 .16 .13 .22 -.03 .38 452 .00 8,897Spatial distance → PI 44 10,926 .00 -.01 -.01 .09 -.04 .02 -.12 .10 117 .00 —Temporal distance → PI 44 17,609 .02 -.01 -.01 .13 -.05 .04 -.18 .16 330 .00 —

Access from parking → PB 31 9,009 .03 .04 .04 .00 .02 .06 .04 .04 25 .73 67Access to store→ PB 52 13,674 .04 .02 .02 .13 -.02 .06 -.14 .18 256 .00 —Advertising → PB 2 469 .33 .36 .39 .12 .20 .58 .24 .55 7 .01 38Atmosphere → PB 71 19,859 .10 .11 .11 .11 .08 .14 -.04 .25 303 .00 4,389Branding product level → PB 43 12,280 .07 .06 .06 .00 .04 .07 .06 .06 36 .72 604Corporate brand → PB 62 28,982 .12 .14 .16 .10 .13 .19 .03 .29 298 .00 5,587Customer service → PB 63 18,397 .12 .09 .10 .09 .07 .13 -.02 .22 199 .00 4,154Incentives (mon.) → PB 59 13039 .09 .10 .10 .11 .07 .14 -.04 .25 229 .00 2,070Incentives (non-mon.) → PB 3 363 .20 .18 .18 .00 0.13 0.24 .18 .18 1 .66 10Low prices → PB 59 23,757 .06 .09 .09 .08 .07 .12 -.02 .20 199 .00 1,803Maneuverability → PB 37 10,600 .05 .05 .06 .00 .04 .07 .06 .06 21 .98 273Orientation → PB 54 17,571 .06 .06 .06 .04 .04 .08 .02 .11 72 .04 713Parking → PB 44 10,618 .03 .05 .05 .00 .03 .07 .05 .05 40 .60 208Perceived value → PB 54 12,797 .14 .18 .17 .24 .11 .24 -.13 .48 709 .00 5,384Personal selling → PB 64 16,857 .09 .08 .08 .07 .05 .10 -.01 .17 143 .00 2,359Product range → PB 73 34,393 .10 .01 .02 .11 -.01 .04 -.13 .16 447 .00 —Proximity to home → PB 32 6,960 .03 .05 .05 .00 .03 .07 .05 .05 22 .89 91Proximity to work → PB 32 24,357 .02 .04 .04 .02 .03 .05 .02 .06 40 .13 98

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Quality of products → PB 67 30,464 .10 .13 .13 .12 .10 .16 -.02 .28 462 .00 5,162Retail tenant mix → PB 33 9,544 .09 .08 .08 .01 .06 .11 .07 .10 34 .36 640Service tenant mix → PB 32 7,718 .08 .08 .09 .00 .07 .11 .09 .09 23 .84 477Shopping infrastructure → PB 44 11,117 .04 .05 .05 .00 .04 .07 .05 .05 26 .98 298Spatial distance → PB 42 9,228 .03 .04 .04 .04 .01 .06 -.02 .09 58 .04 90Temporal distance → PB 45 13,742 .03 .01 .01 .01 .00 .03 .00 .03 48 .32 45

Access from parking → WOM 39 8,180 .18 .19 .21 .09 .17 .24 .09 .32 97 .00 3,733Access to store→ WOM 42 13,478 .17 .17 .17 .09 .14 .21 .05 .29 149 .00 4,542Advertising → WOM 1 81 .36 .36 .38 .00 .38 .38 .38 .38 — — —Atmosphere → WOM 54 16,685 .29 .30 .31 .14 .27 .35 .13 .49 342 .00 24,233Branding product level → WOM 42 10,347 .35 .35 .36 .06 .33 .38 .29 .43 64 .01 17,374Corporate brand → WOM 40 11,520 .40 .36 .42 .20 .36 .49 .17 .68 370 .00 20,706Customer service → WOM 43 15,525 .41 .42 .45 .08 .42 .48 .34 .56 123 .00 30,899Incentives → WOM 42 10,321 .24 .25 .25 .10 .21 .29 .12 .38 144 .00 7,539Incentives (mon.) → WOM 42 10,321 .24 .25 .25 .10 .22 .29 .12 .38 144 .00 7,539Incentives (non-mon.) → WOM — — — — — — — — — — — — —Low prices → WOM 43 11,410 .19 .15 .15 .09 .12 .18 .04 .26 125 .00 4,069Maneuverability → WOM 42 9,354 .27 .31 .32 .15 .27 .37 .13 .52 221 .00 10,328Orientation → WOM 42 10,443 .31 .30 .33 .09 .30 .36 .22 .44 100 .00 12,813Parking → WOM 41 12,550 .15 .16 .17 .10 .13 .20 .04 .30 158 .00 4,005Perceived value → WOM 48 22,298 .34 .29 .29 .07 .27 .32 .20 .39 159 .00 19,729Personal selling → WOM 42 12,476 .32 .32 .33 .09 .30 .36 .22 .44 117 .00 14,348Product range → WOM 40 9,493 .42 .42 .47 .12 .43 .51 .32 .62 131 .00 21,211Proximity to home → WOM 33 10,064 .06 .07 .07 .09 .03 .10 -.05 .18 115 .00 338Proximity to work → WOM 33 8,903 .05 .06 .06 .05 .04 .09 .00 .13 59 .00 273Quality of products → WOM 50 12,942 .37 .38 .39 .12 .36 .43 .24 .54 204 .00 29,229Retail tenant mix → WOM 44 12,827 .46 .45 .49 .13 .45 .54 .32 .66 219 .00 37,802Service tenant mix → WOM 39 11,687 .32 .34 .39 .10 .35 .42 .26 .52 126 .00 13,378Shopping infrastructure → WOM 42 14,566 .20 .19 .19 .03 .18 .21 .16 .23 49 .19 6,891Spatial distance → WOM 34 9,237 .03 .04 .04 .07 .00 .07 -.06 .13 86 .00 99Temporal distance → WOM 34 8,062 .04 .04 .04 .09 .00 .07 -.07 .15 94 .00 103SAT=satisfaction; PI=patronage intention; PB= patronage behavior; WOM=word of mouth; k=number of effect sizes; N=cumulative sample size; r=average correlation; rw=sample-size-weighted correlation; rwc=sample-size-weighted reliability-corrected correlation; CI=confidence interval; CR=credibility interval; Q=Q-test of homogeneity; FSN= fail-safe N. A dash indicates that a statistics was not calculated. For Q-test, at least two observations are required, and FSN is only calculated when the correlation is significant.

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WEB APPENDIXStudies included in the Meta-Analysis

Ailawadi, Kusum L., Scott A. Neslin, Y. Jackie Luan, and Gail A. Taylor (2014), “Does Retailer CSR Enhance Behavioral Loyalty? A Case for Benefit Segmentation,” International Journal of Research in Marketing, 31 (2), 156-167.

Alexander, Andrew, Christoph Teller, and Steve Wood (2017), “On the Interdependencies between Markets and City-Centres,” in Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the European Association for Education and Research in Commercial Distribution, Dublin: Dublin Institute of Technology.

Ali, Shujaat (2012). An Analysis of Factors Influencing Store Format Choice among Customers in Pakistan. Dissertation, University of Agder.

Al-Medabesh, Mohammed, and Mohammed M. Ali (2016), “The Effect of Mall Positioning on Shoppers’ Satisfaction and their Patronage Behavior,” Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, 9 (2), 21-47.

Anselmsson, Johan (2006), “Sources of Customer Satisfaction with Shopping Malls: A Comparative Study of Different Customer Segments,” International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 16 (1), 115-138.

Anselmsson, Johan, Steve Burt, and Burak Tunca (2017), “An Integrated Retailer Image and Brand Equity Framework: Re-Examining, Extending, and Restructuring Retailer Brand Equity,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 38 (Supplement C), 194-203.

Arnold, Mark J., Kristy E. Reynolds, Miachel A. Jones, Meltem Tugut, and Colin B. Gabler (2014), “Regulatory Focus Intensity and Evaluations of Retail Experiences,” Psychology and Marketing, 31(11), 958-975.

Asiah Omar, Nor, C. Aniza Che Wel, Norzilla Abd Aziz, and Syed Shah Alam (2013), “Investigating the Structural Relationship between Loyalty Programme Service Quality, Satisfaction and Loyalty for Retail Loyalty Programmes: Evidence from Malaysia,” Measuring Business Excellence, 17 (1), 33-50.

Atulkar, Sunil, and Bikrant Kesari (2017), “Satisfaction, Loyalty and Repatronage Intentions: Role of Hedonic Shopping Values,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 39 (Supplement C), 23-34.

Babakus, Emin, Carol C. Bienstock, and James R. Van Scotter (2004), “Linking Perceived Quality and Customer Satisfaction to Store Traffic and Revenue Growth,” Decision Sciences, 35(4), 713-737.

Babin, Barry J., Adilson Borges, and Kevin James (2016), “The Role of Retail Price Image in a Multi-Country Context: France and the USA,” Journal of Business Research, 69 (3), 1074-1081.

Babin, Barry J., David M. Hardesty, and Tracey A. Suter (2003), “Color and Shopping Intentions: The Intervening Effect of Price Fairness and Perceived Affect,” Journal of Business Research, 56 (7), 541-551.

Baker, Julie, A. Parasuraman, Dhruv Grewal, and Glenn B. Voss (2002), “The Influence of Multiple Store Environment Cues on Perceived Merchandise Value and Patronage Intentions,” Journal of Marketing, 66 (2), 120-141.

Baltas, George, Paraskevas C. Argouslidis, and Dionysis Skarmeas (2010), “The Role of Customer Factors in Multiple Store Patronage: A Cost–Benefit Approach,” Journal of Retailing, 86 (1), 37-50.

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Beneke, Justin and Natalie Zimmerman (2014), „Beyond Private Label Panache: The Effect of Store Image and Perceived Price on Brand Prestige,” Journal of Consumer Marketing, 31 (4), 301-311.

Beneke, Justin, E. Adams, O. Demetriou, and R. Solomons (2011), “An Exploratory Study of the Relationship between Store Image, Trust, Satisfaction and Loyalty in a Franchise Setting,” Southern African Business Review, 15 (2), 59-74.

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Bloemer, Josee and Ko De Ruyter (1998), “On the Relationship between Store Image, Store Satisfaction and Store Loyalty,” European Journal of Marketing, 32 (5/6), 499-513.

Bloemer, Josee and Gaby Odekerken-Schroder (2002), “Store Satisfaction and Store Loyalty Explained by Customer- and Store-Related Factors,” Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 15, 68-80.

Bojei, Jamil, Julian C. Craig, Che A. B. C. Wel, and Ahmed U. Zafar (2013), “The Empirical Link between Relationship Marketing Tools and Consumer Retention in Retail Marketing,” Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 12 (3), 171-181.

Bouzaabia, Olfa, Allard C. van Riel, and Janjaap Semeijn (2013), “Managing In-Store Logistics: A Fresh Perspective on Retail Service,” Journal of Service Management, 24 (2), 112-129.

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Brown, Tom J., Thomas E. Barry, Peter A. Dacin, and Richard F. Gunst (2005), “Spreading the Word: Investigating Antecedents of Consumers’ Positive Word-Of-Mouth Intentions and Behaviors in a Retailing Context,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 33 (2), 123-138.

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Cai, Yuanfeng, and Randall Shannon (2012), “Personal Values and Mall Shopping Behavior: The Mediating Role of Attitude and Intention among Chinese and Thai Consumers,” Australasian Marketing Journal, 20 (1), 37-47.

Carpenter, Jason M. and Deborah J. C. Brosdahl (2011), “Exploring Retail Format Choice among US Males,” International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 39 (12), 886-898.

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Chebat, Jean-Charles, Kamel El Hedhli, and M. J. Sirgy (2009), “How Does Shopper-Based Mall Equity Generate Mall Loyalty? A Conceptual Model and Empirical Evidence,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 16 (1), 50-60.

Chebat, Jean-Charles., and Richard Michon (2003), “Impact of Ambient Odors on Mall Shoppers' Emotions, Cognition, and Spending: A Test of Competitive Causal Theories,” Journal of Business Research, 56 (7), 529-539.

Chebat, Jean-Charles, M. J. Sirgy, and Stephan Grzeskowiak (2010), “How Can Shopping Mall Management Best Capture Mall Image?” Journal of Business Research, 63 (7), 735-740.

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Chen, Yen-Chun., Yung-Cheng Shen, and Shuling Liao (2009), “An Integrated Model of Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Examination in Retailing Practice,” Service Industries Journal, 29 (3), 267-280.

Chhabra, Sakhhi (2017), “An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of a Retailers Loyalty Programme on their Customers’ Loyalty,” Global Business Review, 18 (2), 445-464.

Chi-Tsun Huang, Kuen-Hung Tsai, and Yu-Chih Chen (2015), “How Do Wet Markets Still Survive in Taiwan?” British Food Journal, 117 (1), 234-256.

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Chow, Hou W. (1986), “Shopping Area Image: Its Factor Analytic Structure and Relationships with Shopping Trips and Expenditure Behaviour,” Advances in Consumer Research, 13, 48-52.

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Darley, William K., and Jeen‐Su Lim (1999), “Effects of Store Image and Attitude toward Secondhand Stores on Shopping Frequency and Distance Travelled,” International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 27 (8), 311-318.

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Das, Gopal (2015), “Impact of Store Attributes on Consumer-Based Retailer Equity: An Exploratory Study of Department Retail Stores,” Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 19 (2), 188-204.

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De Juan, Maria D. (2004), “Why Do People Choose the Shopping Malls? The Attraction Theory Revisited: A Spanish Case,” Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 17 (1), 71-96.

Delgado-Ballester, Elena, Miguel Hernandez-Espallardo, and Aaugusto Rodriguez-Orejuela (2014), “Store Image Influences in Consumers’ Perceptions of Store Brands: The Moderating Role of Value Consciousness,” European Journal of Marketing, 48 (9/10), 1850-1869.

Diallo, Mbaye F., Patricia Coutelle‐Brillet, Arnaud Rivière and Stephan Zielke (2015), “How Do Price Perceptions of Different Brand Types Affect Shopping Value and Store Loyalty?” Psychology and Marketing, 32 (12), 1133-1147.

Ding, Cherng G., and Timmy H. Tseng (2015), “On the Relationships among Brand Experience, Hedonic Emotions, and Brand Equity,” European Journal of Marketing, 49 (7/8), 994-1015.

Downs, Roger M. (1970), “The Cognitive Structure of an Urban Shopping Center,” Environment and Behavior, 2 (1), 13-39.

Dwivedi, Abhishek, and Bill Merrilees (2016), “Holistic Consumer Evaluation of Retail Corporate Brands and Impact on Consumer Loyalty Intentions,” Australasian Marketing Journal, 24 (1), 69-78.

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Enis, Ben M. (2005). An Investigation of the Concept of Store Loyalty as a Basis for Marketing Strategy. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisana State University.

Eroglu, Sevgin A., Karen Machleit, and Terri F. Barr (2005), “Perceived Retail Crowding and Shopping Satisfaction: The Role of Shopping Values,” Journal of Business Research, 58 (8), 1146-1153.

Evanschitzky, Heiner, and Maren Wunderlich (2006), “An Examination of Moderator Effects in the Four-Stage Loyalty Model,” Journal of Service Research, 8 (4), 330-345.

Evanschitzky, Heiner, Christopher Groening, Vikas Mittal, and Maren Wunderlich (2011), “How Employer and Employee Satisfaction Affect Customer Satisfaction: An Application to Franchise Services,” Journal of Service Research, 14 (2), 136-148.

Evanschitzky, Heiner, Gopalkrishnan R. Iyer, and Barbara Caemmerer (2008), “Dimensions of Satisfaction in Retail Settings: A Research Note,” Journal of Relationship Marketing, 7 (3), 275-285.

Fernandes, Teresa, and Rui. Pedroso (2017), “The Effect of Self-Checkout Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Repatronage in a Retail Context,” Service Business, 11 (1), 69-92.

Filipe, Sandra, Susana H. Marques, and Maria d. F. Salgueiro (2017), “Customers' Relationship with Their Grocery Store: Direct and Moderating Effects from Store Format and Loyalty Programs,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 37 (Supplement C), 78-88.

Finn, Adam, and Jordan Louviere (1990), “Shopping-Center Patronage Models: Fashioning a Consideration Set Segmentation Solution,” Journal of Business Research, 21 (3), 259-275.

Fowler, Kendra, and Eileen Bridges (2010), “Consumer Innovativeness: Impact on Expectations, Perceptions, and Choice among Retail Formats,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 17 (6), 492-500.

Frasquet, Maria, Irene Gil, and Alejandro Molla (2001), “Shopping-Centre Selection Modelling: A Segmentation Approach,” International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 11 (1), 23-38.

Fuentes-Blasco, M., B. Moliner-Velázquez, and I. Gil-Saura (2014), “Effect of Customer Heterogeneity on the Relationship Satisfaction–Loyalty,” Revista Española de Investigación en Marketing ESIC, 18 (2), 78-92.

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Gilboa, Shaked, Iris Vilnai-Yavetz, and Jean-Charles Chebat (2016), “Capturing the Multiple Facets of Mall Experience: Developing and Validating a Scale,” Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 15 (1), 48-59.

Gittenberger, Ernst, and Christoph Teller (2009), “Betriebstypenspezifisches Kaufverhalten von älteren KonsumentInnen,” in Edeltraud Hanappi-Egger, and Peter Schnedlitz (eds.), Ageing Society - Altern in der Stadt: Aktuelle Trends und ihre Bedeutung für die Strategische Stadtentwicklung (pp. 346-394). Vienna: Facultas.

Grace, Debra, and Aron O'Cass (2005), “An Examination of the Antecedents of Repatronage Intentions across Different Retail Store Formats,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 12 (4), 227-243.

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