ars.els-cdn.com · Web view[89] HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO 4 /ZrO 2 2:1 64.7s [89] HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO 4 /ZrO 2 5:1 55.1s [89] HDPE 125000 375 8.38 25 2.0%Ni/ZrO

Table A-1 Experimental data of the researchers for the hydrocracking of plastic materials by the direct liquefaction method

Plastic M(g/mol)

T(°C)

pH2,0

(MPa)t

(min) Catalyst F/C(wt/wt)

X(wt%)

YGas

(wt%)YLiquid

(wt%)YOil

(wt%) Ref.

HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ <0.5s [89]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 2.39pi 0.17 2.22p [94]HDPE 125000 400 5.5 30 No catalyst ‒ 3.0ti 2.1 0.90t 0.90h [68]HDPE 234000 400 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100n 12.9 86.6 ‒ [47]HDPE 125000 400 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 3.8pi 0.2 3.6p [88]HDPE 125000 420 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 6.0pi 1.8 4.2p [88]HDPE 234000 425 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 98.9n 17.0 81.5 [47]HDPE 430 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 56.0t [72]HDPE 125000 430 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 55.2pi 5.5 49.7p [88]HDPE 125000 435 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 84.9s 3.1 81.8 [88]HDPE 445 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 98.0t [72]HDPE 234000 450 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.5n 18.4 77.6 [47]HDPE 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100s 5.0 95.0d [126]

HDPE 270 5.5 5.0 0.5%Pt/USY 10:1 34.4cfC1‒C4

64.7cfC5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 270 1.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 45.3un 10.3C1‒C4

20.0C5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 270 3.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 90.0un 29.4C1‒C4

53.1C5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 270 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 98.1un 31.3C1‒C4

61.8C5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 310 5.5 5.0 HUSY 10:1 5.6cfC1‒C4

4.6cfC5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 310 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.1un 41.3C1‒C4

53.1C5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 310 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.5cf [48]HDPE 125000 325 8.38 60 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 25.0s ‒ ‒ ‒ [42]

HDPE 350 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.0un 56.3C1‒C4

39.0C5‒C12 [48]

HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 SO4/ZrO2 5:1 30.0s [89]HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO4/ZrO2 2:1 64.7s [89]HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO4/ZrO2 5:1 55.1s [89]

HDPE 125000 375 8.38 25 2.0%Ni/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 98.0s 28C1‒C6 70.0 67.6

C4‒C12 [42]

HDPE 125000 375 8.38 25 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 99.0s 30C1‒C6 69.0 68.7

C4‒C12 [42]

HDPE 250000 375 8.38 25 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 99.0s 41.7C1‒C5

57.3C6‒C12 [86]

HDPE 250000 375 8.38 25 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/WO3 5:1 98.0s 32.1C1‒C5

65.9C6‒C12 [86]

HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 KC-2600 1.5:1 90.0pi 57.2 32.8p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 HSiAl 1.5:1 66.0pi [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 1.5:1 99.6pi 57.6 42.0p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 NiMo/HSiAl 1.5:1 99.3pi 54.1 45.2p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 Used KC-2600 1.5:1 90.8pi 56.2 34.6p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 Used Ni/HSiAl 1.5:1 99.5pi 56.1 43.4p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 Used NiMo/HSiAl 1.5:1 95.2pi 51.4 43.8p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 KC-2600 4:1 64.5pi 24.4 40.1p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 4:1 81.7pi 38.9 42.8p [94]HDPE 125000 375 7.0 60 NiMo/HSiAl 4:1 65.3pi 22.7 42.6p [94]HDPE 250000 375 8.38 60 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 >99.0s 95.4

C1‒C53.6

C6‒C20 [86]

HDPE 125000 400 5.5 30 Montmorillonite 9:1 3.6ti [68]

HDPE 125000 400 5.5 30 Fe-Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Fe+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 3.9ti 2.8 1.2t 1.2h [68]

HDPE 125000 400 5.5 30 Mo-Naphthenate +S (1000 ppm Mo+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 3.5ti 3.3 0.2t 0.20h [68]

HDPE 234000 400 5.0 60 DHC-8 20:1 96.8n 10.3 85.5 [47]HDPE 234000 400 5.0 60 HYDROBON 20:1 98.1n 4.0 93.1 [47]

HDPE 234000 400 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 98.0n 10.5 87.0 [47]

HDPE 125000 400 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 33.8pi 3.0 30.8p [88]HDPE 125000 400 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 63.1pi 29.8 33.3p [88]HDPE 125000 420 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 50.3pi 4.5 45.8p [88]HDPE 125000 420 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 71.4pi 33.5 37.9p [88]

HDPE 125000 420 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 50:1 82.5s 5.94C1‒C4 76.6 35.2

C5‒C12 [89]


HDPE 234000 425 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 99.7n 18.9 80.2 [47]

HDPE 430 7.0 60 13X 72.0t [72]HDPE 430 7.0 60 AO-60 17.9t [72]HDPE 125000 430 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 96.3pi 12.3 84.0p [88]HDPE 125000 430 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 97.2pi 36.9 60.3p [88]HDPE 85000 430 8.3 60 DHC-32, presulfided 43.2ti 14.4 29.2t 18.9h [96]

HDPE 85000 430 8.3 60 FCC (metal/zeolite-Y) 46.4ti 12.2 34.7t 21.5h [96]HDPE 85000 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 48.8ti 11.6 37.2t 24.1h [96]HDPE 85000 430 8.3 60 ZSM-5 55.0ti 11.5 43.5t 29.5h [96]HDPE 125000 435 7.0 60 TiCl3 33.3:1 96.6s 7.9 88.7 [88]HDPE 125000 435 7.0 60 HZSM-5 50:1 98.9s 21.2 77.8 [88]

HDPE 125000 435 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 50:1 98.9s 11.8C1‒C4 87.1 57.4

C5‒C12 [89]

HDPE 440 5.6 30 Low Alumina 4:1 93.3ti 11.1 82.2t 80.0h [69]

HDPE 125000 450 10.44 30 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 99.4s 12.4C1‒C4 87.0 51.9

C5‒C12 [89]


HDPE 125000 450 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 99.9s 17.9C1‒C4 82.0 57.8

C5‒C12 [89]

HDPE 125000 450 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 50:1 100s 21.6C1‒C4 78.4 63.0

C5‒C12 [89]

HDPE 125000 450 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 22.9C1‒C4 77.1 58.7

C5‒C12 [89]

HDPE 125000 450 10.44 180 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 29.3C1‒C4 70.7 55.4

C5‒C12 [89]

HDPE 125000 465 10.44 120 ZrO2/SO4 50:1 100s 39.8C1‒C4 60.2 53.2

C5‒C12 [89]

LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 No catalyst ‒ 6.6ti 3.6 3.0t 3.0h [68]LDPE 213600 400 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100n 12.0 87.6 [47]

LDPE 420 10.0i 120 No catalyst ‒ 8.6 91.4 14.5 (gaso) [43]

LDPE 213600 425 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 93.8n 17.0 76.9 [47]LDPE 213600 450 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 97.7n 20.7 77.0 [47]

LDPE 125000 150 0.1 600 ZrH supported on SiO2-Al2O3

(3%Zr) 1.64:1 100la [46]

LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Low Alumina 9:1 57.9ti [68]

LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Fe Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Fe+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 5.1ti 2.5 2.5t 2.5h [68]

LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Mo Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Mo+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 5.7ti 1.8 3.9t 3.9h [68]

LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Octacat 19:1 11.3ti [68]LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Super Nova-D 19:1 12.4ti [68]LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Octacat-50G 19:1 11.1ti [68]LDPE ~100000 400 5.5 30 Octacat-50G 49:1 13.3ti [68]LDPE 400 5.6 30 Low Alumina 9:1 57.9ti 7.0 50.8t 47.6h [69]

LDPE ~100000 400 6.9 30 Carbon black 1.5:1 4.5ti [68]LDPE ~100000 400 6.9 30 Carbon black 4:1 3.9ti [68]LDPE 400 8.3 30 NiMo/zeolite 99:1 32.1ti 22.7 9.4h [73]LDPE 400 8.3 30 Zeolyst 753 99:1 35.7ti 19.2 16.5h [73]LDPE 213600 400 5.0 60 DHC-8 20:1 96.6n 14.6 82.2 [47]LDPE 213600 400 5.0 60 HYDROBON 20:1 97.4n 3.9 93.3 [47]

LDPE 213600 400 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 96.8n 8.9 87.9 [47]

LDPE 80000 400 8.3 60 ZSM-5 17.0ti 6.5 ‒ 10.5h [96]LDPE 80000 400 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 11.5ti 2.0 ‒ 9.5h [96]LDPE 400 8.3 60 NiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 16.1ti 14.9 1.2h [73]LDPE 400 8.3 60 NiMo/zeolite 99:1 28.5ti 22.1 6.5h [73]LDPE 400 8.3 60 Zeolyst 753 99:1 25.4ti 20.2 5.1h [73]

LDPE 400 8.3 60 10%Zeolyst 753 inNiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 18.6ti 15.0 3.5h [73]

LDPE 420 10.0i 120 NiMo/Al2O3 49:1 5.9 94.2 10.0(gaso) [43]

LDPE 213600 425 5.0 60 DHC-8 20:1 97.9n 20.2 77.7 [47]LDPE 213600 425 5.0 60 HYDROBON 20:1 98.1n 10.8 87.0 [47]

LDPE 213600 425 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 97.9n 15.0 82.4 [47]

LDPE 80000 430 8.3 30 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 21.6ti 4.5 17.0t 12.5h [96]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 30 ZSM-5 23.7ti 4.0 20.7t 16.2h [96]LDPE 430 8.3 30 NiMo/zeolite 99:1 52.1ti 28.5 23.7h [73]LDPE 430 8.3 30 Zeolyst 753 99:1 42.2ti 19.6 22.6h [73]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 60 DHC-32, presulfided 43.6ti 8.5 35.2t 24.7h [96]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 60 FCC (metal/zeolite-Y) 45.0ti 7.5 37.5t 26.5h [96]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 50.0ti 9.6 40.2t 30.7h [96]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 60 ZSM-5 57.3ti 7.2 50.4t 36.7h [96]LDPE 80000 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 50.0ti 9.6 40.2t 30.7h [96]LDPE 430 8.3 60 NiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 65.3ti 6.2 59.2t 48.7h [70]LDPE 430 8.3 60 NiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 69.6ti 19.1 50.5h [73]LDPE 430 8.3 60 NiMo/zeolite 99:1 93.1ti 37.1 56.0h [73]LDPE 430 8.3 60 Zeolyst 753 99:1 94.2ti 24.5 69.7h [73]

LDPE 430 8.3 60 10%Zeolyst 753 inpresulfided NiMo/Al2O3

99:1 76.2ti 21.0 55.3h [73]

LDPE 68500 435 6.5 120 Co/ACB 10:1 28.7 71.4t 42.0ce [80]LDPE 68500 435 6.5 120 DHC-8 10:1 99.8un 59.6 38.7t 31.0ce [80]LDPE 68500 435 6.5 120 HZSM-5 10:1 99.8un 78.5 19.1t 12.2ce [80]LDPE ~100000 440 5.5 30 Low Alumina 9:1 95.1ti [68]

LDPE ~100000 440 5.5 30 Octacat 9:1 34.3ti [68]LDPE 213600 450 5.0 60 DHC-8 20:1 93.9n 27.0 66.7 [47]LDPE 213600 450 5.0 60 HYDROBON 20:1 98.4n 19.5 79.7 [47]MDPE 6000 420 1.4 15 No catalyst ‒ 25.8p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 No catalyst ‒ 23.3p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 No catalyst ‒ 27.6p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 No catalyst ‒ 33.2p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 No catalyst ‒ 62.3p [44]MDPE 6000 420 1.4 15 HZSM-5 9:1 47.2p [44]MDPE 6000 420 1.4 15 75%SiO2/25%Al2O3 9:1 68.7p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 HZSM-5 9:1 58.0p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 SiO2 9:1 27.6p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 25%SiO2/75%Al2O3 9:1 73.4p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 50%SiO2/50%Al2O3 9:1 83.2p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 15 75%SiO2/25%Al2O3 9:1 81.3p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 HZSM-5 9:1 77.1p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 SiO2 9:1 39.8p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 25%SiO2/75%Al2O3 9:1 78.4p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 50%SiO2/50%Al2O3 9:1 83.6p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 30 75%SiO2/25%Al2O3 9:1 85.1p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 HZSM-5 9:1 88.7p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 SiO2 9:1 58.6p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 25%SiO2/75%Al2O3 9:1 88.6p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 50%SiO2/50%Al2O3 9:1 89.3p [44]MDPE 6000 420 5.5 60 75%SiO2/25%Al2O3 9:1 87.4p [44]

PE 425 3.55 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 23.0ti [65]PE 425 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 97.0ti [65]PE 475 3.55 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 95.0ti [65]PE 475 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.0ti [65]PE 525 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 93.0ti [65]

Waste PE 370 2‒5 30‒180 NiW+10%HY 99‒

332.3 87.6hb 11.4 73.3lb [45]

Waste PE 390 2‒5 30‒180 NiW+10%HY 99‒

332.393.1hb 12.6 77.3lb [45]

Waste PE 410 2‒5 30‒180 NiW+10%HY 99‒

332.3 96.5hb 17.0 75.4lb [45]

Waste PE 430 2‒5 30‒180 NiW+10%HY 99‒

332.3 97.4hb 21.5 71.6lb [45]

PBD 197000 350 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 12.6s 0.315C1‒C4 12.1 [89]

PBD 197000 375 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 24.6s 0.689C1‒C4 23.0 [89]

PBD 197000 400 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 72.9s 2.11C1‒C4 66.6 [89]

PBD 197000 415 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 98.5s 4.33C1‒C4 86.4 [89]

PBD 197000 430 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 5.9C1‒C4

84.0 [89]

PET 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 59.0s 32.0 27.0d [126]PET 430 8.3 60 DHC-32, presulfided ‒ 72.1ti 8.7 63.4t 38.2h [96]PET 430 8.3 60 FCC (metal/zeolite-Y) ‒ 78.6ti 5.9 72.7t 40.2h [96]PET 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided ‒ 78.2ti 3.5 74.7t 37.8h [96]PET 430 8.3 60 NiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 95.7ti 25.9 69.8t 57.6h [70]PET 430 8.3 60 ZSM-5 73.9ti 9.2 64.7t 45.5h [96]PET 440 5.6 30 Low Alumina 4:1 67.7ti 25.4 42.3t 34.1h [69]PIP ~800000 400 5.5 30 No catalyst 98.9ti 1.8 97.0t 97.0h [68]

PIP ~800000 400 5.5 30 Fe-Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Fe+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 99.5ti 5.0 94.5t 94.5h [68]

PIP ~800000 400 5.5 30 Mo-Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Mo+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 98.0ti 3.7 94.2t 94.2h [68]

PP 565700 375 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100n 13.2 86.6 [47]PP 380 3.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 47.2s 2.94 44.3p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 70.8s 3.2 67.6p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 70.7s 3.2 67.5p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 77.9s 3.2 74.7p [78]PP 565700 400 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100n 14.8 85.2 [47]PP 425 3.55 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 26.0ti [65]PP 425 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.0ti [65]PP 565700 425 5.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 91.1n 11.9 79.2 [47]PP 475 3.55 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 99.0ti [65]PP 475 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 87.0ti [65]PP 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 100s 5.0 95.0d [126]PP 525 3.55 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 95.0ti [65]PP 525 3.55 60 No catalyst ‒ 87.0ti [65]

PP 250000 190 0.1 900 ZrH supported on SiO2-Al2O3 (3%Zr) 1.64:1 40.0la [46]

PP 310 5.5 5 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.8cf [48]PP 250000 325 8.38 20 2.0%Ni/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 100s 14.5

C1‒C6 85.5 76.0C4‒C12 [42]

PP 250000 325 8.38 20 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 100s 10 90.0 78.6 [42]

C1‒C6 C4‒C12

PP 250000 325 8.38 60 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 ~100s 91.3C1‒C5

8.7C6‒C20 [86]

PP 250000 325 8.38 60 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/WO3 5:1 ~100s 50.3C1‒C5

49.7C6‒C20 [86]

PP 565700 375 5.0 60 DHC-8 20:1 96.8n 10.3 86.7 [47]PP 565700 375 5.0 60 HYDROBON 20:1 97.1n 3.5 93.1 [47]

PP 565700 375 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 97.5n 9.5 87.0 [47]

PP 380 3.0 60 Fe/ACC 33.3:1 52.5s 1.1 51.4p [78]PP 380 3.0 60 Fe/ACC+CS2 (0.3%) 33.3:1 100s 1.0 99.0p [78]PP 380 3.0 60 Fe/SiO2-Al2O3 33.3:1 44.8s 9.2 35.6p [78]PP 380 3.0 60 Fe/SiO2-Al2O3+CS2(0.3%) 33.3:1 94.9s 14.1 80.8p [78]PP 380 3.0 60 CS2 99.7:1 90.2s 0.083 90.1p [78]

PP 250000 380 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 79.8s 3.91C1‒C4 75.9 44.1

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 390 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 97.0s 6.31C1‒C4 90.7 62.1

C5‒C12 [89]


PP 565700 400 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 97.4n 13.3 84.1 [47]

PP 400 3.0 60 ACC 33.3:1 95.1s 2.89 92.2p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 ACW 33.3:1 81.7s 3.68 78.0p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 CS2 99.7:1 100s 3.8 96.2p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 Fe/ACC 33.3:1 91.2s 3.8 87.4p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 Fe/ACC+CS2 (0.3%) 33.3:1 100s 2.2 97.8p [78]PP 400 3.0 60 H2S 1 vol% 100s 2.20 97.8p [78]

PP 250000 400 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 99.8s 10.7C1‒C4 89.1 66.2

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 410 10.44 30 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 87.1s 5.84C1‒C4 81.3 52.1

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 410 10.44 60 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 97.8s 7.63C1‒C4 90.2 64.7

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 410 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 14.9C1‒C4 85.2 66.6

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 410 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 99.9s 11.1C1‒C4 88.8 67.9

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 410 10.44 180 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 14.1C1‒C4 85.9 66.2

C5‒C12 [89]

PP 250000 420 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 21.7C1‒C4 78.3 64.1

C5‒C12 [89]


PP 565700 425 5.0 60 50%DHC-8+50%HYDROBON 20:1 96.5n 21.5 75.5 [47]

PP 75000 430 8.3 60 DHC-3, presulfided 64.2ti 7.0 57.2t 37.5h [96]PP 75000 430 8.3 60 FCC (metal/zeolite-Y) 73.1ti 6.5 66.4t 42.2h [96]PP 75000 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 71.6ti 2.1 69.5t 35.6h [96]PP 75000 430 8.3 60 ZSM-5 69.7ti 8.5 61.2t 40.2h [96]

PP 250000 450 10.44 120 SO4/ZrO2 100:1 100s 43.3C1‒C4 56.8 52.3

C5‒C12 [89]

PS 280000 375 17.3f 60 No catalyst ‒ 61.9tm 0.56C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 239700 400 5.5 30 No catalyst ‒ 98.2ti 2.8 95.4t 83.8h [68]PS 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 78.0s 2.0 77.0d [126]PS 280000 300 8.38 60 0.5%Pt/ZrO2/SO4 5:1 ~100s [86]PS 310 5.5 5 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 100cf [48]PS 280000 350 10.44f 120 Fe2O3/SO4 100:1 71.0tm ‒ ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 10.44f 15 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 43.0tm 0.09C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 10.44f 30 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 62.0tm 0.19C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 10.44f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 77.0tm 0.39C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 800 375 17.3f 60 Fe2O3/SO4 20:1 84.6tm 0.76 83.8 ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 17.3f 60 Fe2O3/SO4 20:1 70.5tm 0.63C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 800 375 17.3f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 95.0tm 1.14 93.9 ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 17.3f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 95.0tm 0.95C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 10.44f 120 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 96.0tm 0.77C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 375 10.44f 120 Fe2O3/SO4 100:1 80.0tm ‒ ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 239700 400 5.5 30 Fe-Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Fe+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 98.4ti 3.3 95.2t 93.1h [68]

PS 239700 400 5.5 30 Mo-Naphthenate+S (1000 ppm Mo+6000 ppm S) 15.7:1 99.1ti 1.1 98.1t 97.0h [68]

PS 280000 400 3.55f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 61.0tm 0.12C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 400 7.0f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 68.0tm 0.34C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 400 10.44f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 72.0tm 0.58C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 400 17.3f 60 ZrO2/SO4 20:1 87.0tm 0.87C1‒C4 ‒ ‒ [20]

PS 280000 400 10.44f 120 Fe2O3/SO4 100:1 89.0tm ‒ ‒ ‒ [20]PS 280000 425 10.44f 120 Fe2O3/SO4 100:1 92.0tm ‒ ‒ ‒ [20]PS 180000 430 8.3 60 DHC-32, presulfided 100ti 7.0 92.7t 83.2h [96]PS 180000 430 8.3 60 FCC (metal/zeolite-Y) 100ti 5.6 93.4t 80.5h [96]PS 180000 430 8.3 60 NiMo/-Al2O3, presulfided 100ti 5.0 95.3t 81.5h [96]PS 180000 430 8.3 60 ZSM-5 100ti 8.5 91.3t 85.4h [96]PS 430 8.3 60 NiMo/Al2O3, presulfided 99:1 99.1ti 2.7 96.4t 95.3h [70]PS 440 5.6 30 Low Alumina 4:1 92.3ti 2.9 89.9t 63.2h [69]PS 280000 450 10.44f 120 Fe2O3/SO4 100:1 93.0tm ‒ ‒ ‒ [20]

PVC 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 48.0s 38.0 2.0d [126]50%HDPE+30%PET+

20%PS 440 2.3 30 HZSM-5 9:1 87.8ti 10.0 77.5t 71.1h [69]

50%HDPE+30%PET+20%PS 440 2.3 30 Low Alumina 9:1 79.7ti 9.6 70.1t 66.6h [69]

50%HDPE+30%PET+20%PS 440 2.3 30 Super Nova-D 9:1 83.9ti 9.1 74.8t 69.7h [69]

50%HDPE+30%PET+20%PS 440 5.6 30 HZSM-5 9:1 75.1ti 10.9 64.1t 57.9h [69]



50%HDPE+30%PET+20%PS 440 8.6 30 HZSM-5 9:1 82.5ti 11.4 71.1t 62.4h [69]



50%HDPE+35%PS+15%PET 430 7.0 60 AO-60 59.0t 59.0ht [72]

50%HDPE+35%PS+15%PP 430 7.0 60 13X

(CO is also added with H2)97.0t [72]

50%HDPE+35%PS+15%PET 445 7.0 60 AO-60 84.0t 84.0ht [72]

44.4%HDPE+21.2%PP+13.3%PS+12.2%PVC+8.9%PET

500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 77.3s 4.4 55.8d [126]

40%HDPE+40%PP+20%PS 310 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.4cf [48]

40%HDPE+40%PP+20%PS 310 5.5 5.0 1.0%Pt/USY 10:1 99.2cf [48]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 400 2.0 50 No catalyst 20:1 38.9s 12.9 22.2t 13.0ht [123]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 400 2.0 50 Al-SBA16 (Si/Al = 10) 20:1 40.2s 8.34 27.4t 27.4ht [123]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 400 2.0 50 Al-SBA16 (Si/Al = 20) 20:1 39.7s 3.89 31.0t 31.0ht [123]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 400 2.0 50 MZSM-5

(Mesoporous ZSM-5) 20:1 30.5s 4.97 21.0t 21.0ht [123]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 375 2.0 60 No catalyst 20:1 20.06 7.68 11.58t 6.69ht [124]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 375 2.0 60 Al-SBA-15 20:1 26.69 3.22 21.44t 14.14ht [124]

40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 375 2.0 60 MZ-15 20:1 24.97 3.32 18.81t 7.76ht [124]



40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 400 2.0 60 No Catalyst 20:1 43.96 10.97 31.84t 23.0ht [124]





40%HDPE+10%LDPE+30%PP+20%PS 425 2.0 60 No catalyst 20:1 85.84 17.94 67.52t 65.57ht [124]


40%HDPE+10%LDPE 425 2.0 60 MZ-15 20:1 74.45 13.32 58.48t 55.36ht [124]

+30%PP+20%PS40%HDPE+10%LDPE

+30%PP+20%PS 425 2.0 60 Al-SBA-16 20:1 74.47 12.06 57.18t 52.86ht [124]


Waste Fost Plus 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 82.2s 4.9 70.6d [126]Waste APC Plastic 350 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 3.05pi 0.54 2.51p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 8.28pi 0.97 7.31p [94]Waste APC plastic 400 7.0 No catalyst ‒ 3.0 9.0p [95]Waste APC plastic 400 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 29.6s 3.50 21.2t 17.7c [63]Waste APC Plastic 400 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 12.1pi 3.0 9.1p [88]Waste APC plastic 420 7.0 No catalyst ‒ 5.0 18.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 420 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 22.2pi 4.6 17.6p [88]Waste APC plastic 430 5.62 60 No catalyst ‒ 28.6s 26.1p [71]Waste APC plastic 430 7.0 No catalyst ‒ 8.0 52.0p [95]Waste APC plastic 430 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 97.2s 8.86 80.0t 77.9c [63]Waste APC Plastic 430 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 59.7pi 7.5 52.2p [88]Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 70.7t 39.6p [95]Waste APC plastic 435 7.0 No catalyst ‒ 8.0 84.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 435 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 91.2s 7.5 83.7 [88]Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 97.1t 10.4 86.7t 85.1p [51]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.5s 2.59 92.7t 84.6p [71]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 No catalyst ‒ 95.9s 86.4p [71]Waste APC plastic 450 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.7s 44.5 48.3t 48.3c [63]Waste APC plastic 460 5.62 60 No catalyst ‒ 96.2s 92.3p [71]Waste APC plastic 475 0.79 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 90.0un 14.9 74.3h [125]Waste APC plastic 475 0.79 10.0 No catalyst ‒ 94.1un 22.8 69.9h [125]Waste APC plastic 475 0.79 15.0 No catalyst ‒ 97.8un 29.6 65.6h [125]Waste APC plastic 475 0.79 30.0 No catalyst ‒ 99.2un 38.6 56.4h [125]Waste APC plastic 480 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 97.0s 87.9 5.59t 5.59c [63]Waste APC plastic 500 0.79 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 96.5un 23.2 72.6h [125]Waste APC plastic 500 0.79 10.0 No catalyst ‒ 97.0un 29.9 65.8h [125]Waste APC plastic 500 0.79 15.0 No catalyst ‒ 97.1un 38.4 57.0h [125]Waste APC plastic 500 0.79 30.0 No catalyst ‒ 99.2un 54.8 39.7h [125]Waste APC plastic 510 0.79 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 96.1un 30.2 65.9h [125]Waste APC plastic 510 0.79 10.0 No catalyst ‒ 97.8un 34.9 61.2h [125]Waste APC plastic 510 0.79 15.0 No catalyst ‒ 98.8un 45.4 50.7h [125]Waste APC plastic 510 0.79 30.0 No catalyst ‒ 99.2un 58.3 35.5h [125]Waste APC plastic 525 0.79 5.0 No catalyst ‒ 97.0un 34.7 61.4h [125]Waste APC plastic 525 0.79 10.0 No catalyst ‒ 98.2un 39.9 54.7h [125]

Waste APC plastic 525 0.79 15.0 No catalyst ‒ 98.8un 48.6 46.5h [125]Waste APC plastic 525 0.79 30.0 No catalyst ‒ 99.7un 61.2 30.0h [125]Waste APC Plastic 350 7.0 60 KC-2600 4:1 42.0pi 17.4 24.6p [94]Waste APC Plastic 350 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 4:1 53.4pi 23.7 29.7p [94]Waste APC Plastic 350 7.0 60 NiMo/HSiAl 4:1 47.2pi 20.6 26.6p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 0 NiHSiAl 4:1 17.2pi 4.99 12.3p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 15 NiHSiAl 4:1 29.1pi 13.2 15.9p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 30 NiHSiAl 4:1 79.7pi 26.8 52.9p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 45 NiHSiAl 4:1 89.9pi 30.2 59.7p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 1.83 60 NiHSiAl 4:1 84.9pi 30.5 54.4p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 3.55 60 NiHSiAl 4:1 93.2pi 31.5 61.7p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 5.27 60 NiHSiAl 4:1 98.9pi 34.3 64.6p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 1.5:1 99.5pi 51.8 47.7p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 NiMo/HSiAl 1.5:1 99.1pi 52.0 47.1p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 KC-2600 1.5:1 90.1pi 48.1 42.0p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Used KC-2600 1.5:1 88.9pi 44.0 44.9p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Used NiMoHSiAl 1.5:1 94.4pi 47.9 46.5p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Used NiHSiAl 1.5:1 99.7pi 51.3 48.4p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 KC-2600 4:1 72.7pi 25.5 47.2p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 4:1 99.2pi 34.4 64.8p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 NiMo/HSiAl 4:1 85.1pi 37.0 48.1p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Used NiHSiAl 4:1 99.6pi 35.6 64.0p [94]Waste APC Plastic 375 7.0 60 Ni/HSiAl 9:1 63.7pi 22.5 41.2p [94]Waste APC Plastic 400 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 24.0pi 5.9 18.0p [88]Waste APC plastic 400 7.0 HZSM-5 24:1 16.0 22.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 400 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 38.1pi 15.9 22.2p [88]Waste APC Plastic 420 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 29.7pi 6.4 23.3p [88]Waste APC plastic 420 7.0 HZSM-5 24:1 19.0 40.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 420 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 58.6pi 19.0 39.6p [88]Waste APC plastic 430 5.62 60 HZSM-5 99:1 75.8s 59.5p [71]Waste APC plastic 430 5.62 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 91.0s 63.4p [71]Waste APC Plastic 430 7.0 60 TiCl3 20:1 84.7pi 14.6 70.1p [88]Waste APC plastic 430 7.0 HZSM-5 24:1 24.0 66.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 430 7.0 60 HZSM-5 25:1 89.9pi 23.7 66.2p [88]Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 Ferrihydrite-CA 99:1 54.6t 26.2p [95]Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 80.9t 45.6p [95]Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 5%Mo/Ferrihydrite 99:1 41.7t 18.5p [95]Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 57.3t 30.7p [95]

Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 TiO2-SiO2

(Ti/(Ti+Si) = 0.85) 99:1 69.6t 33.8p [95]


(Ti/(Ti+Si) > 0.85) 99:1 71.0t 36.0p [95]

Waste APC plastic 435 1.48 30 ZrO2/WO3 99:1 69.8t 35.4p [95]Waste APC Plastic 435 7.0 60 TiCl3 33.3:1 88.4s 4.8 83.6 [88]Waste APC plastic 435 7.0 HZSM-5 49:1 18.0 76.0p [95]Waste APC Plastic 435 7.0 60 HZSM-5 50:1 93.8s 17.6 76.2 [88]Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 96.9t 9.3 87.6t 86.2p [51]Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 Ferrihydrite-CA 99:1 94.5t 6.3 88.2t 84.2p [51]Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 5%Mo/Ferrihydrite 99:1 97.9t 5.52 92.4t 91.2p [51]Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 94.5t 3.11 91.4t 91.0p [51]


(Ti/(Ti+Si) = 0.85) 99:1 97.5t 3.44 94.1t 91.7p [51]


(Ti/(Ti+Si) > 0.85) 99:1 97.0t 4.14 92.9t 90.4p [51]

Waste APC plastic 445 1.48 60 ZrO2/WO3 99:1 97.6t 6.50 91.1t 89.5p [51]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 HZSM-5 99:1 96.8s 3.58 93.2t 91.3p [71]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 98.1s 3.72 94.0t 92.6p [71]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 HZSM-5 99:1 96.3s 92.0p [71]Waste APC plastic 445 5.62 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 97.7s 94.1p [71]Waste APC plastic 460 5.62 60 HZSM-5 99:1 97.7s 93.9p [71]Waste APC plastic 460 5.62 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 97.5s 94.4p [71]Waste DSD plastic 375 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 12.9pi 4.44 8.46p [93]Waste DSD plastic 400 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 35.9pi 10.4 25.5p [93]Waste DSD plastic 415 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 27.5p [51]Waste DSD plastic 415 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 35.1p [51]Waste DSD plastic 425 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 45.1p [51]Waste DSD plastic 425 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 69.2p [51]Waste DSD plastic 430 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 77.9pi 17.3 60.6p [93]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 86.7t 45.4p [95]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 86.6p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 85.2p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 85.7p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 90.4t 4.14 86.5t 85.8p [51]Waste DSD plastic 450 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 94.4pi 29.5 64.9p [93]Waste DSD plastic 455 1.48 30 No catalyst ‒ 85.8p [51]Waste DSD plastic 455 1.48 60 No catalyst ‒ 86.5p [51]Waste DSD plastic 480 7.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 94.9pi 49.4 45.5p [93]Waste DSD plastic 500 1.0 60 No catalyst ‒ 64.9s 2.2 48.2d [126]Waste DSD plastic 375 7.0 60 KC-2001 1.5:1 66.7pi 35.7 31.0p [93]Waste DSD plastic 375 7.0 60 KC-2600 1.5:1 30.9pi 10.2 20.7p [93]

Waste DSD plastic 375 7.0 60 NiHSiAl 1.5:1 49.9pi 14.8 35.1p [93]Waste DSD plastic 400 7.0 60 KC-2001 1.5:1 94.0pi [93]Waste DSD plastic 400 7.0 60 KC-2001 4:1 78.7pi 39.9 38.8p [93]Waste DSD plastic 400 7.0 60 KC-2600 4:1 63.4pi 15.2 48.2p [93]Waste DSD plastic 400 7.0 60 NiHSiAl 4:1 65.5pi 20.0 45.5p [93]Waste DSD plastic 415 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 22.2p [51]Waste DSD plastic 415 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 49.8p [51]Waste DSD plastic 425 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 40.1p [51]Waste DSD plastic 425 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 68.4p [51]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 Ferrihydrite-CA 99:1 91.3t 60.4p [95]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 88.3t 48.4p [95]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 5%Mo/Ferrihydrite 99:1 90.9t 59.8p [95]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 88.1t 46.4p [95]Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 ZrO2/WO3 99:1 78.5t 41.3p [95]

Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 30 TiO2-SiO2

(Ti/(Ti+Si) = 0.85) 99:1 91.6t 69.3p [95]

Waste DSD plastic 435 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 86.6p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 84.9p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 Ferrihydrite-CA 99:1 93.2t 5.10 88.0t 87.6p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 92.3t 4.31 87.8t 87.4p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 5%Mo/Ferrihydrite 99:1 93.0t 6.97 85.8t 85.5p [51]Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 SiO2-Al2O3 99:1 93.1t 4.03 88.9t 88.4p [51]

Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 TiO2-SiO2

(Ti/(Ti+Si) = 0.85) 99:1 93.6t 6.37 87.0t 86.3p [51]

Waste DSD plastic 445 1.48 60 ZrO2/WO3 99:1 94.4t 2.24 92.2t 91.1p [51]Waste DSD plastic 455 1.48 30 HZSM-5 99:1 88.2p [51]Waste DSD plastic 455 1.48 60 HZSM-5 99:1 84.8p [51]

C = catalyst, F = feed, M = molecular weight, pH2,0 = H2 pressure given initially at cold conditions, t = reaction time, T = temperature, X = conversion, Y = yieldConversion: Converted plastic per 100% of plastic. Generally, the converted plastic includes gas and total liquid product. Liquid: Total liquid including light and heavy liquid fractions, generally, that is soluble in THF.Oil: A rather lighter fraction of the liquid such as that is soluble in n-pentane, n-hexane, etc. ACB = activated carbon from biomass, ACC = activated carbon made from coal, ACW = activated carbon made from wood, c = cyclohexane solubles, CA = citric acid, ce = centrifuged, cf = coke free basis, i.e., coke not included in the calculations, d = dichloromethane solubles, f = final hydrogen pressure, gaso = gasoline range product, h = n-hexane solubles, hb = based on bp>360°C, ht = n-heptane solubles, i = initial hydrogen pressure (at reaction temperature), la = lower alkanes, lb = bp<360°C, n = based on residue not defined, p = based on n-pentane solubles, pi = n-pentane insoluble material, s = based on solid residue, t = based on THF solubles, ti = based on THF insoluble material, tm = based on THF+methanol insoluble residue (centrifuged), un = unreacted plastics

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ars.els-cdn.com · Web view[89] HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO 4 /ZrO 2 2:1 64.7s [89] HDPE 125000 350 3.55 60 0.5%Pt/SO 4 /ZrO 2 5:1 55.1s [89] HDPE 125000 375 8.38 25 2.0%Ni/ZrO