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Ar my Sc ience & Techno log y

April 20 2015

Army Aviation Science and Technology Overview

Huntsville Chamber of Commerce

2015 Washington DC Trip

Todd M. Turner

Portfolio Director for Air Systems Office of Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army

Research and Technology

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

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Agenda

• Army S&T Principles

• Enterprise

• Resources

• Enduring Challenges

• Army Aviation S&T

• Summary

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Army S&T Principles

Current Force Future Force

Enhancing the Current Force

Enabling the Future Force

MISSION: Identify, develop and demonstrate technology options that inform and enable effective and affordable capabilities for the Soldier

VISION: Providing Soldiers with the technology to Win

Next Generation Rotorcraft

Cyber tools

High Energy Lasers

Occupant Centric Platform

Neuroscience

Advanced Rotary Wing Aerial Delivery

Sling Load Net

Deployable Force Protection Adaptive Red Team

Video from Unmanned Aerial

Systems

Autonomous Mobility Appliqué System

High Speed Container Delivery System

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Army S&T Enterprise—Research, Development & Engineering Centers & Labs

U.S. Army Materiel Command

U.S. Army Medical Command

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command

Headquarters, Department of the Army, G-1

Army Research Lab (ARL)

Aviation & Missile RDEC

ARL - Simulation & Training Technology Center

Engineer Research and Development Center Coastal & Hydraulics Lab Environmental Lab Geotechnical & Structures Lab Info Tech Lab

Construction Engineering Research Lab

Cold Regions Research & Engineering Lab

Research Inst. of Environmental Medicine

Research Inst. of Infectious Disease

Aeromedical Research Lab

Institute of Surgical Research

Space and Missile Defense Command Technical Center

Tank Automotive RDEC

Edgewood Chem Bio Center

Armament RDEC

Natick Soldier RDEC

Research Inst. of Chemical Defense

ARL - Army Research Office

Geospatial Research Laboratory

ARL - Battlefield Environments and Survivability Elements

AMRDEC - Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate

Communications -Electronics RDEC

Army Research Institute for the Behavioral & Social Sciences

Walter Reed Army Inst. of

Research

AMRDEC - Aviation Applied Technology Directorate Total Civilian Manpower:

~17,000

• ~12,000 Scientists & Engineers

• ~5,000 Technicians, Analysts,

and Administrative support

• ~500 Military S&E

RDECOM HQ

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Non-RDA

$103.5B 81.8% of TOA

Development $4.6B

66.5% of RDTE

S&T BA 1-3 $2.2B,

31.8% of RDTE

RDTE $6.9B

S&T BA 4-7 $0.1B,

1.7% of RDTE

•Basic Research •Applied Research •Adv Tech Dev

Procurement

$16.1B, 12.8% of TOA

RDA $23.1B

18.2% of TOA

TOA $126.5B

Development

$4.6B, 3.6% of TOA

S&T BOS

$2.3B, 1.8% of TOA

6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.7

Manufacturing technologies

and pre-planned product improvements

Basic Research Applied Research

Advanced Technology

Development

Investigation & analysis of basic

law of nature, phenomenon to

increase scientific knowledge

Application of knowledge to

develop useful materials, devices

and systems or methods

Adv. Component Development and

Prototypes

Operational System

Development

Development of subsystems & components to integrate into

system prototypes

6.6

RDTE Management

Support

Maturation of systems/sub-systems through competitive

prototyping and experimentation

60% Industry 28% In-House

12% OGA, Other 90% Industry 10% In-House

90% Industry 10% In-House

84% Industry 16% In-House

Note: Figures may not add due to rounding

As of PB16

RDT&E Management

Support

FY16 Army S&T Funding

64% Universities/ Industry

33% In-House 3% OGA, Other

33% Industry 53% In-House

14% OGA, Other

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Army Investments by Portfolio PB16 - $12.5B (FY16-20)

$917M 7%

$2,188M 17%

$1,942M 16%

$1,938M 16%

$1,381 11%

$2,263M 18%

$758M 6%

$1,125M 9%

Ground Maneuver Combat/tactical ground platforms/survivability; unmanned ground systems; austere entry; power & energy

Basic Research Materials Science; Medical/Life Sciences; Quantum/Info Science; Autonomy; Networks

Soldier/Squad Personnel, Training, Human System Integration, Dismounted mission equipment and power & energy

C3I Secure Comms-on-the- move; cyber/EW; sensors

Medical Combat Casualty Care, Infectious Disease mitigation, clinical/rehabilitative medicine

Innovation Enablers High Performance Computing; Environmental Protection; Base Protection; Studies; Technical Maturation Initiatives; Procurement

Lethality Offensive/Defensive kinetic (guns, missiles), Soldier Weapons, Directed Energy (HEL) weapons

Air Advanced air vehicles; engines and drive trains; manned/unmanned teaming

BA6 $181M, Procurement $324M

Army Investments FY16-20

BA1 $2,188M

BA2 $4,573M

BA3 $4,734M

BA4 $217M

BA7 $295M

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Army Enduring Challenges

Greater force protection (Soldier, vehicle, base) to ensure survivability across all operations

• Ease overburdened Soldiers in Small Units

• Timely mission command & tactical intelligence to provide situation awareness and communications in all environments

Reduce logistic burden of storing, transporting, distributing and retrograde of materials

• Create operational overmatch (enhanced lethality and accuracy)

Achieve operational maneuverability in all environments and at high operational tempo

• Enable ability to operate in Chemical, Biological, Nuclear, Radiological, and high-yield Explosive (CBNRE) environment

• Enable early detection and improved outcomes for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Improve operational energy

• Improve individual & team training

Reduce lifecycle cost of future Army capabilities

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Air Portfolio Vision/Mission Statement

Best technology for current and future platforms at the right time at an affordable cost

Vision Be the global leader in providing

game-changing range, payloads,

speed, survivability and lethality to

maintain U.S. technical superiority

and combat overmatch for vertical

lift aviation systems

Mission Goals • Longer Persistence

• Longer Range

• Larger Payload

• Increased Speed

• Combat Overmatch

• Battlefield Dominance

• Lower Cost of Ownership

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Air S&T Strategy Key Research Areas

• Advanced aircraft design

• Advanced power systems

• Aircraft Survivability

• Maintainability and Sustainability

• High performance rotors

• Vehicle management systems

• Sensors

• Autonomy – teaming and human machine interface

Drivers

• Army Strategic Planning Guidance

• Army Enduring Challenges

• Future Vertical Lift Family of Systems Initial Capabilities Document

• Strategic Plan for DoD Vertical Lift Aircraft

• Force 2025 and Beyond

Goal: Provide game-changing range, payloads, speed, and survivability for

vertical lift aviation systems

High Performance Rotors DVE Mitigation

Advanced Aircraft Design and

Advanced Power Systems

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Platform Design & Structures Sub-Portfolio

Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Joint Multi-Role Demonstrator

- Combat Tempered Platform Demonstrator

- Rotorcraft Structural Integrity

- Rotorcraft Aeromechanics

External

Stakeholders:

- PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- PM-ASE

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals: - Design and fabricate full-scale

aircraft to flight demonstrate joint

service defined vehicle

performance

- Investigate advanced vertical lift

aircraft concepts that meet future

operational requirements

- Advance aeromechanics modeling

and simulation technology for both

conventional and emerging high

speed VTOL configurations

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Integrate mission equipment

elements into aircraft to flight

demonstrate joint service defined

operational capabilities

- Determine design and

assessment methods for

understanding concept potential

- Develop advanced structural

concepts that enable

improvements in performance

and efficiency

Goal: Provide unmatched vertical lift aircraft

performance to meet future operational capabilities

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Purpose: Demonstrate transformational vertical lift capabilities to prepare the DoD for decisions regarding the replacement of the current vertical lift fleet

Products: • Technology maturation plans • Cost analysis for future capabilities • Two demonstrator test bed aircraft

Payoff: • A refined set of technologically feasible and

affordable capabilities that enable higher speed, better lift efficiency, lower drag (L/De), and improved

Hover Out of Ground Effect (HOGE) at high/hot conditions (6K/95)

• Standards, architectures and tools that increase SW reuse and reduce SW costs due to bad requirements (missing, non-consistent , etc.)

• Reduced risk for critical technologies • Acquisition workforce with improved skill

sets to develop specifications and analyze technical data

• Data readily available to support future DoD acquisitions

Joint Multi-Role Technology Demonstrator (STO-D)

Schedule

Milestone Indicators: TRL or SRL: Significant Activities:

FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19

Air Vehicle Demo

Joint Common Architecture

Mission Systems Arch Demo

FVL Spec Evolution

MILESTONES

Gov. Configurations

Operational Analysis

Industry Configurations

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Air Vehicle Demo (AVD)

Mission Systems Architecture Demo (MSAD) JCA

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JMR TD Air Vehicle Demo Status • 4 Technology Investment Agreements

(TIAs) were awarded on September

27, 2013 for a conceptual design

against a Model Performance

Specification as well as the design,

fabrication, and test of a vehicle to

demonstrate the critical enabling

technologies

Contractors:

AVX Aircraft Company

Bell Helicopter

Karem Aircraft, Inc.

Sikorsky (partnered with Boeing)

AVX Bell

Karem Sikorsky (partnered with

Boeing) • June 14 - Initial design & risk reviews (each contractor)

• 3 Oct 14 - Two Awards Announced - Sikorsky/Boeing and Bell for final design, fabrication and flight test

• Apr 2015 – TIA continuations awarded to Karem and AVX for technology maturation

• FY 15/16- Completion of design and begin fabrication

• FY17-19 – Flight Demonstration

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Engines & Drive Trains Sub-Portfolio

Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

- VAATE

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Future Affordable Turbine Engine (FATE)

- Next Generation Rotorcraft Transmission

- Advanced Concept Engine

External Stakeholders: - PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals: - Develop turbine engine with 35%

reduced fuel burn and 45%

reduced costs (heavy fleet)

- Develop high power density

transmission with 55% increased

hp/wt and 35% reduced production

and maintenance costs

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Develop turbine engine with

broad, high efficiency operating

speed envelope

- Develop lightweight, durable

multi-speed/variable speed

transmission to provide variable

output speed

- Investigate high altitude small

engine optimization concept to

enable next generation UAS

Goal: Provide increased power density to meet vertical lift operation requirements while reducing fuel usage

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Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

- CERDEC

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Vehicle Signature Reduction

- Degraded Visual Environment (DVE) Mitigation

- Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE) Integration

- Ballistic Protection and Crashworthiness

External Stakeholders:

- PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- PM-ASE

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals: - Enhanced situational awareness

under zero light & degraded visual

environments to prevent aircraft

mishaps and aircrew injuries

- Improved transparent and opaque

armor, crashworthy structures, and

post-crash fire prevention

technologies

- Crashworthy airframes and

component design methodologies

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Integrated ASE architectures to

provide plug & play capability to

legacy and future ASE systems

- Holistic situational awareness

and cognitive decision aiding

Aircraft & Occupant Survivability Sub-Portfolio

Goal: Provide overmatching protection of the aircraft and occupants from the full spectrum of threat weapons & environments

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Purpose: Establishes a collaborative, synchronized S&T program to enable maximum operational mitigation of DVE through analysis, simulation, and test to realize:

• Pilotage in all DVE’s

• 360o situational awareness (SA)

• SA sharing inside and outside the aircraft formation

Product: Demonstrated multi-spectral sensor system(s), modernized control laws, and advanced cueing for DVE pilotage and 360º SA that allow implementation of pilot decision aiding (partial autonomy).

Payoff:

• Execute combat rotorcraft operations in DVE and adverse environmental conditions

• Increased survivability & operational effectiveness of the rotorcraft fleet

• Safety

• Exploiting Adverse Environments for Tactical Advantage

Advanced

Cueing

Degraded Visual Environment Mitigation (DVEM) for Rotorcraft

Milestone Indicators: SRL: Significant Activities:

Milestones FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20

NATO DVE Flight Trials

(Capstone Flight Test #1) YPG Europe (tentative)

Capstone Flight Test #2 YPG & other

location

Sensor Development (best

of breed & fusion) MP Gnd Test

MP Flt Test

Refinement

CDR for

MFI4RW (IR)

Advanced Cueing

Development Exp. #1 Exp. #2

Refinement

CSWG #1 CSWG #2

Refinement

Modernized Control Laws V3 V4 V5

Aircraft Integration

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Schedule

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Aircraft Induced DVE

Brownout

Whiteout

Aircraft Independent Degraded Visual Environments

Smoke

Rain

Smog

Clouds

Fog

Snow

Flat Light

Sand / Dust

Night

DVE… More than Just Brownout

In the 1980’s, IR technology allowed the US military to proclaim

“We own the night!” …The RDECOM Rotorcraft DVE Mitigation

Program overall goal is to “OWN THE WEATHER!”

TRADOC DVE Definition (2011) – Reduced visibility of potentially varying degree, wherein situational awareness and aircraft control cannot be maintained as comprehensively as they are in normal visual meteorological conditions and can potentially be lost.

Degraded Visual Environments

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DVE Mitigation Technical Approach

• Visual - Symbology - Sensor Display

• Aural

• Tactile

Cues Research Objective – Improve Usable Cue Environment

Complex Computing

• Radar (RF)

• Infrared (EO/IR)

• LADAR/LIDAR

Sensors Research Objective – Improve Multi-spectral, Multi-functional sensor fusion

• Modeling and Simulation

• Modernized Control Laws (MCLAWS)

Flight Controls

Research Objective – Improve Handling Qualities / Achieve Near Autonomous Controls

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Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

-TARDEC

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Embedded Rotorcraft Diagnostics

- Vehicle Health Awareness through Damage Detection and

Loads/Usage Monitoring

- Prognostic Determination of Imminent Component Failure

External Stakeholders:

- PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- PM-ASE

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals: - Lightweight non-intrusive

component sensing devices

- Prognostic methods for predicting

remaining part life and alerting of

imminent part failure

- Demonstrate ability to accurately

determine part removal based on

condition rather than schedule –

foundation of Condition Based

Maintenance

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Near zero-maintenance vision,

significantly increasing the time

between scheduled maintenance

- Ultra reliable designs to reduce

the maintenance burden of

current/future rotorcraft

- Maintenance strategies based

on sensing of damage

precursors

Maintainability & Sustainability Sub-Portfolio

Goal: Reduce costs associated with maintenance and

sustainment by enabling extended periods of

maintenance free operation

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Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

S&T Major Efforts include:

- High Performance Rotor Systems

- Mission Configurable Control

- High Fidelity Aerodynamics/Dynamics Analytic Methods

External Stakeholders: - PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals:

- Integrate active control surfaces

(flaps, slats, etc) onto rotor blades

to enhance performance in all

flight regimes

- 3rd Gen fly-by-wire/fly-by-light to

reduce workload of aircrew in

flying new high speed aircraft

configurations

Mid/Far-term Goals:

- Increase the ability of the Vehicle

Management System to account

for flight conditions and vehicle

state

- Increase analytic fidelity of

aeromechanics methodology

- High performance hubs and

rotors, e.g., low drag at higher

speeds, efficient L/De and hover

- Advanced handling qualities for

improved pilotage

Rotors & Vehicle Management Sub-Portfolio

Goal: Provide unmatched aircraft performance

and agility with reduced aircrew workload under

high stress flight operations

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Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

-CERDEC

-ARDEC

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Pilotage Sensors and Data Fusion

- High Definition Helmet Displays

- Lethal and Non-Lethal Weapons Integration

External Stakeholders:

- PEO-Avn, Platform PMs

- PM-ASE

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- Navy/USMC

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Chinook

- Apache

- Blackhawk

Near-term Goals: - Improved spatial resolution in

helmet mounted displays

- Real-time image fusion and scene

stitching to provide wide field of

regard display

- Increased range of weapons

options available to aircrews

through modular missile design

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Air burst munitions to defeat

threat manned and unmanned

aircraft

- Demonstrate lightweight

conformal weapons that can

effectively address a variety

missions and threats

- Multi function imagers for 360

degree situational awareness

Aircraft Weapons & Sensors Sub-Portfolio

Goal: Provide combat overmatch through the

ability to see first and react first to enemy

threats

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Internal Stakeholders:

- AMRDEC

- ARL

-CERDEC

S&T Major Efforts include:

- Unmanned System Autonomy

- Manned/Unmanned Teaming

- Micro Autonomous Systems Technology

External Stakeholders:

- PEO-Avn

- PM UAS

- PM IEW&S

- G-3/5/7 Aviation, G-8

- TRADOC

Legacy/Existing

Systems include:

- Gray Eagle

- Shadow

- Raven

- Puma

Near-term Goals: - Improve autonomous behaviors

for manned/unmanned teaming

- Human/machine interface for

multi-UAS control

- Improve capabilities of electro-

optical/infrared payloads

- Autonomous high speed control of

small UAS systems for combined

air-ground operations

Mid/Far-term Goals: - Enable combined mission

execution for unmanned and

manned system teaming

- Investigate autonomous

behaviors, swarm technologies,

perception, and human aiding

using UAS

- Novel designs, flow control, and

kinematics for low Reynold’s

number winged micro-UAS

Unmanned Systems Sub-Portfolio

Goal: Expand the capability of unmanned

aircraft in current operations and future

unmanned wingman roles

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Summary

• Army Aviation S&T efforts support a modernization

strategy that creates technology for the future fleet, and

identifies insertion opportunities for Programs of Record

• Major Efforts

– Joint Multi-Role Technology Demonstrator

– Degraded Visual Environment Mitigation

• Emerging Areas of Interest

– Unmanned Systems

– “Zero Maintenance” aircraft

Army S&T has a responsibility to lay the foundation for Army’s

technology needs that drive future capabilities

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Defense Innovation Marketplace (www.DefenseInnovationMarketplace.mil)

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Ar my Sc ience & Techno log y