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ECBOD TDS COD.
DO
Bhumbla & Keefer 1994.
As5+As3+As3-As0
Harvey et al. 2009
V
cheng et al. 2009
Bodek et al. 1988
As
As(V) As(III)(Kevin 2009)
As
As
As(V)
Smedley 2002, Wang & Mulligan 2006
As
WHO 2011
µg/l
Smedley & Kinniburgh 2002
As
Harvey et al. 2002, Wang & Mulligan 2006
AsAs(V)
pH
Cullen and Reimer 1989 Macur et al. 2001, Macur et al. 2004)
As3+
As5+
cheng et al., 2009
EhpH
Redox
Day et al. 2004, Welch et al. 1988
As
cc
cc
(Nickson et al. 2000)ICP-OES
pH
DOTDS
EC
BODCODNo3
-Po4-3Cl-
So4-2 Co3
-2Hco3-
Ca+2Mg+2Na+K+
NH4+
cc500
9.3Arc GIS
.
19SPSS
C°)
mm
mm
Mha
Gm2.
mm970
4112
24
.
.
Zhang 2008Yidana et al. 2010
zscores
X
s
EC pH TDS Hco3- Cl- So4
-2 Co3-2 Ca+2 Mg+2 Na+ K+
(µS/cm) (mg/l)
Gibbs 1970
Mays 2005
Hounslow 1995
)(
PH EC T TDS DO BOD COD NH4
+ No3- Po4-
3 As
(mS/cm) (C°) (mg/l) (µg/l)
WShM-1
WAbS-2
WFA-3
WKB-4
Web-5
WS-6
WF-7
WVi-8
WKH-9
WLs-10
Wkl-11 Wkh-12 Wpa-13 Wfa-14
PH EC T TDS DO BOD COD NH4
+ No3- Po4- As Discharge
(mS/cm)
T(C°)
(mg/l) (µg/l) (m3 /s)
RM-1 RT-2 RS-3
RAS-4 RKI-5 RCH-6 RA-7
RTO-8 RRO-9 RH-10 RK-11 RD-12
RKH-13 RF-14 RB-15
RBA-16 RR-17 RG-18
RDO-19 RBI-20
*RM-1RT-2RS-3RAS-4RKI-5
RCH-6RA-7RTO-8RRO-9RH-10RK-11
RD-12RKH-13RF-14RB-14RBA-15RR-16
RG-17RDO-19RBI-20
WShM-1 WAbS-2 WFA-3(WKB-4)(Web-5)(WS-6)(WF-7)(WVi-8)(WKH-9)(WLs-10)Wkl-11Wkh-12Wpa-13Wfa-14
pH TDS EC T DO BOD COD NH4+ No3
- Po4-3 As
pH TDS EC T
DO BOD COD NH4
+ No3
- Po4-
3 As
PH TDS EC T DO BOD COD NH4+ No3
- Po4-3 As
PH TDS EC T
DO BOD COD NH4
+ No3
- Po4-
3 As
As
As
As
DOECTDS BODCOD
DO
mg/l
DO
mg/l
As
AsDO
DO
As
pHAspH
pHAs
.
pH
pHAs
pH
pH
pH
pH
pH
pH
pH
pH
pHpH
.
pH Smedley & Kinniburgh 2002
BOD
mg/l
mg/l
BODAs
BODAs
COD
mg/l
mg/l
.BODCODAs
.
DO.
COD
AsCOD
As
TDS
mg/l
mg/l
As
TDS
EC
mS/cm
mS/cm
EC
EC
As
No3-
mg/l
mg/l
As No3-
As
mg/l
mg/l
As
Po4-3
mg/l
mg/l
Po4-3
As
As
AsPo4-3
mg/l
AsPo4-3
HAso4-2
HAso4-2
As
As
As
As
As
Na+
K+Mg2+HCO3-So4
-2
As
As
Liu et al. 2014 & Wang et al. 2007
EC
As
ppm
EC
As
EC
As
ECTDS
BODCOD
WHO
2011
AsTDSBOD
CODPo4-3TDS
CODBOD
ECTDS
As
5- Arsenic in Drinking WHO., (2011), "Guideline for drinking water quality", fourth ed. World Health Organization, Singapore (Geneva), pp 315-318. 6- Berg, M., Trang, P. T. K., Stengel, C., Buschmann, J., Viet, P. H., Dan, N. V., Giger, W. & Stuben, D., (2009), "Hydrological and sedimentary controls leading to arseniccontamination of groundwater in the Hanoi area", Vietnam: The impact of iron-arsenic ratios, peat, river bank deposits, and excessive groundwater abstraction. Chemical Geology, 249, pp 91-112. 7- Bhumbla, D. K. & Keefler, R. F., (1994), "Arsenic mobilization and bioavailability in soils, Niragu JO Arsenic in the Environment", Part I, Cycling and Characterization, John Wiley & Sons, New York Ed. Book, pp 51 82. 8- Bodek, I., Lyman, W. J., Reehl, W. F. & Rosenblatt, D. H., (1988), "Environmental Inorganic Geochemistry", NY: Pergaman, pp 43-47. 9- Cai, X., Yu,y., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., Jia, P.M., Zhao, Q., Chen, Z., Tong, J.H., Dai, W., & Chen, G.Q., (2003), "Arsenic trioxide-induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells", pp 1333-1337.
10- Cheng, H.F., Hu, Y.N., Luo, J., Xu, B., Zhao, J.F., 2009 , "Geochemical processes controlling fate and transport of arsenic in acid mine drainage (AMD) and natural systems", Journal of Hazardous Materials 165, pp 13 26. 11- Cullen, W.R., & Reimer, K.J., (1989), "Arsenic speciation in the environment", Chem. Rev, 89, pp 64-713. 12-Day, P.A. O., Vlassopoulos, D., Root, R., Rivera, N., (2004), "The influence of sulfur and ironon dissolved arsenic concentrations in the shallow subsurface under changing redox conditions", Proc. Natl, Acad, Sci. U. S. A. 101, pp 13703 13708. 13- Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories., (2012), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC, P. 8. responsible for high arsenic concentrations in two groundwater catchments in Taiwan", Applied Geochemistry, 22, pp 460-476.
using multivariate and spatial analyses in the Keta basin, Ghana." Journal of African Earth Sciences 58(2): 220-234 31- Nickson, R.T., Mcarthur, J.M., Ravenscroft, P., Burgess, W.G., Ahmed, K.M (2000), "Mechanism of arsenic release to groundwater, Bangladesh and West Bengal", Applied Geochemistry 15, pp 403-413.
14- Gibbs, R., Sarkar, S. K., & Saha, M., (1970), " Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry. Science", 170, pp 1088-1090. 15- Halim, M. A., Majumder, R. K., Nessa, S. A., Hiroshiro, Y., Uddin, M. J., Shimada, J. & Jinno, k., (2009), "Hydrogeochemistry and arsenic contamination of groundwater in the Ganges Delta Plain, Bangladesh", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 164, pp 1335 1345. 16- Harvey, C. F., Swartz, C. H., Badruzzaman, A. B. M., Keon-Blute, N., Niedan, V., Brabander, D., Oates, P. M., Ashfaque, K. N., Islam, S., Hemond, H. F. & Ahmed, M. F., (2002), "Arsenic mobility and groundwater extraction in Bangladesh", Science, 298, pp 1602 1606. 17- Henke, K.R., (2009), "Arsenic: Environmental Chemistry", Health Threats and Waste Treatment. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, pp 72- 160. 19- Hounslow, A., (1995), "Water quality data. Analysis and interpretation", CRC, pp 34-36. 20- Kevin, H., (2009), "Arsenic: Environmental Chemistry, Health Threats and Waste Treatment", United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, pp 81-88. 20- Li, S. & Zhang, Q., (2008), "Geochemistry of the Han river basin China", 1. Spatial distribution of the major ion compositions and their controlling factors, Applied geochemistry, 23, pp 3535-3544. 21- Liu, C. W., Lu, K. L., Kao, Y. H., Wang, C. J., Maji, S. K. & Lee, J. F., (2014), "Identifying sources and controlling factors of arsenic release in saline groundwater aquifers", Hydrology and Earth System Scinece, 18, pp 1089-1103. 22- Macur, R. E., Jackson, C. R., Botero, L. M., McDermott, T. R. & Inskeep, W. P., (2004)," Bacterial populations associated with the oxidation and reduction of arsenic in an unsaturated soil", Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, pp 104 11. 23- Macur, R. E., Wheeler, J. T., McDermott, T. R. & Inskeep, W. P., (2001), "Microbial populations associated with the reduction and enhanced mobilization of arsenic in mine tailings", Environ Sci Technol., 35, pp 3676 82. 24- Rahman, M., Naidu, R, and Bhattacharya, P., (2009), "Arsenic contaminationin groundwater in the Southeast Asia region. Environ", Geochem. Health, 31, pp 9 21. 25- Smedley, P. L. & Kinniburgh, D. G., (2002), "A review of the source, behaviour and distributionof arsenic in natural waters", Applied Geochemistry, 17, pp 517 568.
26- Todd, D. K., and Mays, L. W.,(2005), "Groundwater Hydrology", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp 636. 27- Wang, S. & Mulligan, C. N., (2006), "Effect of natural organic matter on arsenic release from soils and sediments in to groundwater", Environ, Geochem. Health, 28, pp 197 214. 28- Wang, S. W., Liu, C. W. & Jang, C. S., (2007), " Factors responsible for high arsenic concentrations 29- Welch, A.H., Lico, M.S. Hughes, J.L., (1988), "Arsenic in ground water of the western United States" GroundWater, 26, pp 333 347. 30-Yidana, S. M., B. Banoeng-Yakubo and T. M. Akabzaa (2010), "Analysis of groundwater quality