AREA : 5000 Ha Project Cost : 750.0 Lakhs Khawzawl Ngaizawl …mizorural.nic.in/file/IWMP_2011_2012/Champhai/CHAMPHAI... · 2014-01-06 · 4 can be used both for human consumption

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AREA : 5000 Ha

Project Cost : 750.0 Lakhs

Khawzawl, Ngaizawl, Neihdawn, Tuipui, Tualpui.

Prepared by BDO, Khawzawl.

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INDEX

CHAPTER Page No. 1. Introduction ----------------------------------------- 3

2. Project Profile ----------------------------------------- 6

3. History of Project Villages & ----------------------------------------- 11

Basic Information

4. Participatory Rural Appraisal ----------------------------------------- 16

5. Problem Typology ----------------------------------------- 17

6. Project Intervention Plan ----------------------------------------- 20

7. DPR Plan Abstract ----------------------------------------- 21

8. Preparatory Phase. ----------------------------------------- 22

9. Work Plan Details ----------------------------------------- 23

10. Consolidation and Withdrawal Phase. --------------------------------- 25

11. Capacity Building Institute Identified --------------------------------- 26

12. Institutional & Capacity building Plan --------------------------------- 27

13. Basic Profile of the project location -------- ------------------------ 29

14. Maps of the project --------------------------------- 30

15. Institutional mechanism& Agreements. --------------------------------- 34

16. SWOT Analysis of PIA. --------------------------------- 35

17. PIA & Watershed Committee details. ---------------------------------36

18. Convergence Plans. --------------------------------- 37

19. Expected Outcomes. --------------------------------- 39

20. Expected Estimate Outcomes. --------------------------------- 41

21. Monitoring & Evaluation. --------------------------------- 42

22. Plan, Estimate & Drawing --------------------------------- 49

23. Micro-Watershed work Plan for one cluster Area under IWMP.--- ----- 55

24. Beneficiary Card Sample --------------------------------------------------------- 56

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1. INTRODUCTION:

Due to the practice of shifting cultivation in Mizoram. There was a decline in productivity, reduction of top soils as a result of enormous soil erosion. In order to regenerate fertility of land, check loss of top soil, reduce run off speed of rain water, regenerate vegetative cover, a multi-dimensional approach should be applied with participation of the mass at all level to ensure results. Since, jhumming is the mainstay of livelihood of the people in Mizoram since long time back, its stoppage at a very short span of time is impractical. Therefore, the approach will be systematic and holistic to win the confidence of the people.

The IWMP project concentrate its effort to achieve the objective of the programme through treating under-productive and hitherto unproductive lands and taking up allied activities for the benefit of the rural poor and landless.

This project will adopt a common strategy of multi-resource management involving all stakeholders within the watershed, who together as a group, will co-operatively identify the resources, issues and concerns of the watershed as well as develop and implement a watershed plan with solutions that are environmentally, socially and economically sustainable.

The objective of the project will be:-

1. Developing water, land/degraded land and abandoned jhum land on watershed basis, keeping in view the capacity of land, local conditions and needs.

2. Promoting overall economic development and improving Socio-economic condition of the poor and disadvantaged section inhabiting the project area.

3. Restoring ecological balance by harnessing, conserving and developing natural resources. i.e. land, water and vegetative cover.

4. Encouraging village community for sustainable community action for operation and maintenance of assets created and further development of potential of natural resources in the watershed.

5. Employment generation, poverty alleviation, community empowerment and development of human and other economic resources of the village.

Watershed Management works will be taken up in multi-tier approaches as below:- 1. First Tier-Canopy/Ridge Area Treatment

(a) Stoppage of Shifting Cultivation: Under IWMP farmers are encouraged to practice permanent farming in compact areas. All the areas which were previously used for cultivation will be left fallow and in due course of time natural forest growth will be regenerated.

(b) Afforestation: Besides the natural forest areas, more areas are proposed for afforestation under IWMP and other Schemes. Increased forest area will result in decrease of runoff water, soil water content and increased precipitation/rainfall, increased underground water table.

(c) Prevention of soil erosion: Due to the hilly nature of Mizoram and deforestation, rain water easily erodes the fertile top soil. Fertility decreases considerably in places of minimal forest cover. To prevent more soil erosion, construction of terraces, afforestation and other means are proposed so that there will be minimum soil content in the runoff water.

2. Second Tier-Horticulture Crop Area Treatment

(a) Construction of water harvesting structures and better utilization of water resources: Rainfall is still moderate and whatever rainfall we get, if we have proper harvesting structures, is more than enough for every household use without any other source of water. In place of permanent cultivation where natural streams are available for water harvesting using gravity and in those places where water is not available by gravity also, water harvesting should be encouraged. The harvested water

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can be used both for human consumption as well as for irrigating farmlands and will provide the required water during dry season.

(b) Land Development: The areas covered under IWMP project are planned to be developed in such a way that the productivity will increase. The areas proposed for afforestation will be developed by making terrace. Construction of terrace will prevent unnecessary water runoff, thereby, recharging the water table. In places where permanent cultivation will be practiced, depending on the slope of the terrain, terrace, bench terrace and contour trench will be constructed. Cultivation of commercial crops will be practiced in such places and irrigation facilities for dry season will be provided.

(c) Gestation period treatment: The Permanent Horticulture crops planted in the 2nd Tier-Area will be mostly Orange, Hatcora, Nimbu, Litchi, Mango, Avocado and other cash crops. These crops will be harvested only after 5 years or more. During the gestation period, farmers and cultivators will be encouraged and assisted to introduce annual cash crops to meet their daily weeks.

3. Third Tier-Agriculture Crop Area Treatment: (a) Wet Rice Cultivation & Mixed Farming: In places of permanent cultivation, the

land will be prepared in such a way that 2 – 3 crops can be planted in a year. This cannot be achieved with only the natural fertility of the land; therefore, provision will be made so that the cultivators can raise domestic animals in their farmland. The manure collected from animals can be used to fertilize the land making the crops produced in these farms entirely organic. Organic products are easier to export and have a larger market.

(b) Multiple cropping: If water and manure are available in plenty, farmers can plant different varieties of crop depending on the season. Even during the dry season, cultivation can be done and also permanent crops can be raised.

4. Rural – Urban migration: Due to lack of employment opportunities and for various other reasons, rural populations migrate to urban areas. In urban areas there is deficit of work due to large influx of population from rural areas, resulting in poverty and creating problem for resettlement to rural areas. Using IWMP this rural-urban migration is hoped to be kept in check by providing them with means for secure income.

5. Women empowerment: For an accelerated Socio-economic development of any community active participation of women is essential. In a social set up like ours, i.e., Patriarchal family system, the participation of women in the development process has to be ensured through tangible measures at various levels which result in empowerment of women in the real sense. This project will address to decrease the workload of women in the project area. Time spent for collecting drinking water will be reduced which will result in positive impact on the quality of life and health of women and the family.

6. Provision of livelihood for Asset-less families: The Asset-less families will be

provided with a scope of micro-entrepreneurship, they will be assisted and trained to take up those activities identified under the project. Livestock farming, handicraft, mechanics, black smithy, Tin smithy, Petty trade etc. will be encouraged by the PIA for this Asset-less people. Necessary financial and technical support will be provided from the project fund.

7. Creation of Assets: Using IWMP Project, plans are made to provide durable assets to the rural population. These assets will last long after the completion of this project and will be handed over to the public on completion of this project. The management, repair, renovation or augmentation of these assets will be the responsibility of the people. Plans are made in such a way that once the project is completed the public will be able to restore or augment these assets without Government help. A minimal charge will be collected from the user of these assets; this collection along with WDF will be used for maintenance of these assets.

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8. Convergence with other Programmes: An opportunity for convergence with other programmes of Government of India and State Government will be opened for the Project area as well as beneficiaries and end-users. Convergence with other programme will be those which are not convenient to address from IWMP fund and those needing more fund and man days which could not be met from the said scheme. Beneficiaries will be encouraged to utilize such fund received by them from other sources for enhancing their activity in the project area. However, parallel funding of same activity in the same project area will be accounted separately to avoid duplicity of utilization of fund. Care should be taken to check misappropriation of fund. All scheme funds should be utilized in a holistic and judicious manner.

9. Connectivity of the Project Area: Even though, IWMP is silent on the provision of connectivity to the project area, construction of road, bridges and culverts will be given priority to ease transportation of products from the project area. Connectivity will enhance works done per day per person since time for traveling to the project area from habitation will be less. Connectivity will also ensure better monitoring and supervision and implementation of works. Provision of connectivity should be done under the existing MG-NREGA or other State Schemes. An Annual Action Plan formulated by Gram Sabha of each project village will give priority on this convergence approach.

10. Food Security: In many rural villages, the parents had to toil and sweats for their

Children in order to give the family a food meal twice a day. Making both ends meet is as hand as a rock sometimes due to scarcity of wage employment and results in lack of purchasing power. However, in order to make availability of food more secure for the family, the project will enhance the productivity of the land, increase the income of the family and revitalize the welfare of the family so that there will be food scarcity .

11. Disaster Risk Reduction Approach: Whenever there is any developmental activities in

hilly areas, landslips, erosions and road blocks raise their ugly heads causing devastating destructions, sometimes results in Landslips and hungers and also natural calamities like Drought, Wild Fire, Airborned and Waterborned diseases. This project, as far as practicable, will address to reduce the risk of disaster due to developmental works by construction of Check Dams, Retaining Walls, Flood control works and control of free flowing rain waters by way of construction of contour lines, bundings, terracing etc. to decrease the run off speed of rain water and utilize all available water in a meaning way for enhancing productivity.

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PROJECT PROFILE

Champhai : Champhai IWMP - III

Name of Watershed : Area of the project : 5000 Ha Cost of the project : 750 Lakhs (a) Central Share : 675 Lakhs (b) State Share : 75 Lakhs Villages to be covered (a) Khawzawl (b) Ngaizawl (c) Neihdawn (d) Tuipui (e) Tualpui

1. Drainage System:

Sl

No. Drainage System Description

1 Tiau Drainage system

Tiau river drains the eastern fringe of Mizoram and it forms an

international boundary line between Mizoram (India) and Myanmar for

a distance of about 83 kilometers. The river rises from the north

eastern part of the district near Khuangphah village and it flows in the

southward direction. Its important tributaries are Tuitho lui, Sihmit lui,

Iva lui and Tlawva lui.

2 Tuipui Drainage system

Tuipui river originates near Champhai township at a height of 1300 m

above mean sea level. First it flows eastwards and then northwards

and finally flows southwards till it confluences to Tiau river in the

southern most part of the district. Its important tributaries are Pumpet

lui, Tuimuk li , Thlikva lui, Tualte lui, Rainfan lui, Tuiaw lui and

Zawngtah lui, etc.

3 Tuichang Drainage system

Tuichang river originates from Darngawn tlang near Khawzawl

township at a height of 1449 m above mean sea level. Its main

tributaries include Tuimarul lui, Tuisen lui, Phaisen lui, Nghalrawh lui,

Tuikau lui and Kharzawl lui are the important ones.

4 Tuivawl Drainage system

Tuivawl river originates from Rullam tlang at a height of 1590 m

above mean sea level. It forms a district boundary with Aizawl district

in the western side of the district up to a considerable length. Its main

tributaries within the district are Serlui, Saichal lui, Tuingam lui, and

Chhirdem lui.

R.Tuimuk-I 3d1b5d1b, 3d1b5d1e. R.Tuimuk-II 3d1b5d4c, 3d1b3d3d. R.Tuimuk-III 3d1b5d4b, 3d1b5d2b. R.Tuimuk-IV 3d1b5d2a R.Tuimuk-V 3d1b3d3b

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5 Tuivai Drainage system

Tuivai river originates from Manipur state in the north east of Mizoram

and it forms a state boundary line between the two states for a

considerable length and then after entering Mizoram it again forms a

district boundary line between Aizawl and Champhai districts. Tuila lui

is the only important tributary of Tuivai in the district which flows

northwards, creating some fluvial flood plains along its course. Other

tributaries of less importance are Tuikhur lui, Tuisik lui and Leisang

lui.

6 Tuiphai Drainage system

Tuiphai lui originates from Zirtanzo tlang at a height of 18894 m

above mean sea level near Khuanglam village in the Sialkal hill

ranges. It Flows in north-west direction till it meets with Tuivai river.

Its important tributaries are Tuimai lui, Tuiluai lui, Phalte lui and Tuithil

lui.

7 Tuisa Drainage system

Tuisa lui originates from Tlangsam tlang near Tualcheng village in the

Sialkal hill ranges at a height of 1750 m above mean sea level. It is a

north flowing river which created quite a number of fluvial flood plains

along its courses. Its main tributaries are Dimphai lui, Leiva lui,

Tangkhawng lui, Tuingo lui, Tuikual lui, Tuimang lui, Tuiching lui and

Bak lui.

2. Geomorphology : The IWMP-Champhai –I area is formed by medium structural hills

along the ridges which runs from Chhawrtui to Pawlsang Village, and low structural hills in

the western side of the ridge with many streams and rivulets. The streams are mostly

ephemeral in nature.

3. Lithology: The ridge area of the project is formed by Sandstone which are fine to very

fine grained, not too bluish grey to light brown in colour, compact and hard, thinly bedded,

rarely yellowish brown, medium grained and friable. The low structural hill is formed by

Siltstone and Shale which are dark grey to grey in colour and are usually splintery.

4. Ground water Potential : In the low-lying areas, the ground water potential is

categorized as good which are those jhum areas, abandoned jhum land and current jhum

land. The ground water potential is moderate along the ridges which need to be focused

upon to increase the sources of spring heads and fountains.

5. Land use / Land cover : The land use and cover pattern in Champhai District are as

follows:-

I. Built-up land: Built-up land is an area of human habitation, developed due to non-agriculture use and that has a cover of buildings, transport and communications, utilities in association with water, vegetation and vacant lands. Champhai District includes five towns i.e. Champhai, Khawzawl, Ngopa, Biate, Khawhai and 98 villages.

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III. Agriculture Land: These are lands primarily used for farming and for production of food, fibre and other commercial horticultural crops. It includes land under crops (irrigated and un-irrigated, plantations etc.)

(a) Kharif: Kharif crop land refers mainly to the wet rice cultivation areas located in the low lying plains. Unlike other districts, Champhai district has an extensive flat land near Champhai, Khawzawl and Hnahlan. The wet rice cultivation areas are usually located at the banks of rivers, streams and sometimes close to settlement areas, where soil and water supply is suitable for its establishment and growth.

(b) Plantation: This class includes areas, which are being utilized for plantation of cash crops. They include a variety of agriculture/horticultural plantations, of which the prominent ones includes Grapes, Passion fruit, Citrus woodlands, Tea, Pineapple and Tung plantations.

IIII Forest Dense: This class includes natural forest, which are not disturbed by any biotic factors like shifting cultivation and other human activities. The crown density of this class is very thick. Sub-tropical forest, evergreen and semi-evergreen forests covers major portion of this area.

(a) Medium Dense: The forests that have a crown cover neither too thick nor too thin are classed under this category.

(b) Less Dense: The forest under this category has a thin crown cover. This type of forest includes forest, which were not once disturbed and affected by biotic factors like shifting cultivation and human activities. These forests are characterized by those lands where shifting cultivation had been practiced and then left fallow for over a year; the resultant new vegetation of which, regenerated to form new forests.

(c) Bamboo: Bamboo forests are not as abundant in Champhai district as compared to other districts. They are found concentrated at the western part, northern tip and along the banks of River Tiau on the eastern side of the district.

(d) Forest Plantation: Forest Plantations are distributed throughout the district. Some has large coverage while most of them have area below the minimum map able unit. The prominent forest plantations are Teak (Tectona grandis) Michelia (Michelia champaca), Gamari (Gmelina arborea), and Pine (Pinus kesiya)

IV Shifting Cultivation:

(a) Current Shifting Cultivation: It is a traditional practice of growing crops on forested/vegetated hill slopes by slash and burn method. These are associated with mountainous/hilly areas amidst forest cover and forest cleared areas.

(b) Abandoned Shifting Cultivation: These are areas that were under shifting cultivation, left idle for more than one year but less than three years thereby giving scope for the regeneration of the secondary vegetation especially bamboo or grasses.

V Scrub land: These lands are generally prone to deterioration due to erosion. They generally occupy topographically high locations, excluding hilly/mountainous terrain. They possess sparse vegetation with thin soil cover.

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VI Water Body: This category comprises areas with surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds, lakes or flowing as streams and rivers etc.

6. The soils of the Project Area : The soils of the project area wih a 25% - 50% slope

with abandoned jhum, current jhum land and Horticulture plantation in small scales are

clayey Typic Hapludults, L.S. Umbric Dystrochrepts, FL Typic Hapludults and Typic

Dystrochrepts. However in a less sloped areas, F.L Humic Hapludults and Clayey Typic

Dystrochrepts are also found.

7. Land Holding: The Village Council, which is the authorized body to allot sites to the

villager can issue House Passes within the limit of the Village Area. However, the village

council also issue passes and allotted land even though they are not authorize to do so

beyond the village limit which were called ‘V.C. Passes’. If the allotee properly utilized the

land so allotted, his ownership was always accepted by the Government. In this ways

V.C’s leased out a big portion of land lying between the village area and the jhum land.

Also in some cases, there are periodic patta passes issued by Revenue Department.

However, in remote areas, V.C was the sole authority to issue passes.

8. Rainfall : Although pre-monsoon rains break in from the early part of March

with occasional thunder-storms, the monsoon period really starts from the middle week of

April and the peaks period is in the month of July to August. It declines gradually and

ceases during November. Occasional showers of low to medium intensity also occur

during the period from December to February due to the influence of the retreating

monsoon.

The rainfall recorded during 2007 -2009 as per Meteorological Department, Mizoram is as follows:-

The rainfall recorded during 2000 -2009 as per the record of Padma Shree Pu C.Rokhuma, Aizawl, Mizoram.

2000 ------------------ 97.70 inches 2001 ------------------ 84.90 inches

2002 ----------------- 95.40 inches 2003 ------------------ 123.65 inches

2004 ------------------ 89.85 inches 2005 ------------------- 56.90 inches

2006 ------------------- 64.75 inches 2007 ------------------- 96.45 inches

2008 ------------------ 62.05 inches 2009 ------------------- 55.75 inches

The minimum & maximum temperatures between 1986 – 2008 recorded during January was 70C min - 260C max, during April was 130 min – 350C max, During July was 180C min - 340C max.

9. Ethnology : The Project Area is inhabited by Mizo tribe comprising of Ralte,

Hmar, Paihte, Sailo and other Lusei tribes. Mizo dialect is the common language.

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The following figure shows percentage of inflation in various commodities.

Commodity 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010 (dec)

Rice 16.54 20.3 20.88 24.67 27

Masur Dal 42.75 56 73.75 76.28 71

Pork 102.5 122 145 150.42 160

Beef 112.5 123.75 146.25 159.58 175

Fish 112.5 114.28 131.25 142.95 145

Milk 28.87 27.62 30.63 32.73 37

Potato 12.69 12.5 14.5 22.42 24

Sugar 25 23.62 27.25 34.43 45

LPG 306.63 305.63 325 320.44 361

Sources: AH&Vety Department

Area & Production Major crops (2009-2010)

Sl No

Name of Crop 2009-2010 2010-2011 Area ‘000 Ha Prodn ‘000

Ha Area ‘000 Ha Prodn ‘000

Ha Cereals: 1 Rice 47.2 46.3 40.67 46.9 2 Maize 8.31 11.14 8.81 12.7 Total of Cereals 55.51 57.44 49.48 59.6 Pulses: 1 Arthar 0.2 0.12 9.74 1.1 2 Rice Bean 0.72 0.9 0.2 0.2 3 Other Pulses 2.39 2.98 2.54 3.4

Total of Pulses 3.31 4.0 12.48 4.7 Oil Seed: 1 Sesamum 1.1 0.75 1.2 1.9 2 Soyabean 1.3 2.1 1.01 0.7 Total of Oil Seed 2.4 2.085 2.21 2.6 G. Total 61.22 64.29 64.17 66.9

Target for 2011-2012 1. Production of Rice 52.000 MT 2. Increase productivity in WRC 1.7 - 2.5 MT/Ha 3. Increase productivity in Jhum 0.92 – 1.2 MT/Ha 4. Farm Power Availability 0.25 – 0.75 KW/Ha 5. Fertilizer consumption 42.07 – 60.00 Kg/Ha 6. Seed Replacement 30% in Paddy and 40% in Other crops 7. System of Rice intesification 500-3,000 Ha

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HISTORY OF THE PROJECT VILLAGE

HISTORY OF KHAWZAWL

Khawzawl is a village situated under Champhai District having a population of 1198 male and 1263 female persons.

The main occupation of the inhabitants are business, daily labour and Government Servant. The inhabitants of Khawzawl had been enlarging its canvas of development through establishment of educational institutions. At present there are two Primary Schools, two Middle Schools, one High School and one Higher Secondary School. As per the record of the Village there are 510 household.

As far as knowledgeable, there are no incidents of disturbance and havoc recorded in the village. The main source of water is from Changel tui which falls under Chawngtlai area and water is also collected from Tumkhuai which falls under Murlen jurisdiction. As sources indicate water from this two point is not sufficient during the dry season.

BASIC INFORMATION Population

Sl.No Total Population

1 Male 1198 2 Female 1263 Total 2461

Occupation

1 Cultivation 227

2 Government Services 140 3 Business/Micro Entrepreneur 21 4 Livestock farming 482

Total 870 Educational Status

1 Primary School 2

2 Middle School 2 3 High School 1 4 Higher Secondary School 1 Total 6

Spring/Water sources

1 Changel tui (gravity water pipeline) Decrease during dry season

2 Tumkhuai (gravity water pipeline) Decrease during dry season 3 Tuimuk Perennial but decrease during dry season 4 Tuichang Perennial but decrease during dry season 5 Tuira Perennial but decrease during dry season

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HISTORY OF NGAIZAWL VILLAGE

Ngaizawl is a small village which falls under Champhai District and the neighbouring village include Neihdawn, Tualpui and Khawzawl. As recorded by the village elders a number of pineapple were grown in the flat area on the bottom part of the village. Since pineapple are called ‘ngai’ by the Hmar tribe and ‘zawl’ which means flat the name of the village is taken from this two words. The main source of income of the people is through farming where rice, ginger and corn are mostly grown in their land. Water is collected from Tuikuang lui and Thinglung lui. However, this sources are not sufficient during the dry season. Here in the village they have spring sources of water called Khurpui, Pathian tuikhur and Khawmawng tuikhur. These sources are not dried up during the dry season.

As for their social life, people of Ngaizawl had been practicing the similar Mizo cultural system of marriage where ceremonies are held in the church under the charge of Pastors and Church leaders followed by celebration with large gathering and feast. As on today they have one Primary School, one Middle School, one High School.

BASIC INFORMATION

Population

Sl.No Total Population 1 Male 426 2 Female 441 Total 867

Occupation 1 Cultivation 154



1 Primary School 1

2 Middle School 1 3 High School 1 4 Higher Secondary School - Total 3

Spring/Water sources 1 Tuikuang lui (gravity water pipeline) Perennial but decrease during dry season

2 Thinglui (gravity water pipeline) Perennial but decrease during dry season

3 Thingthupui lui Perennial but decrease during dry season

4 Liankalha khuai lui Perennial but decrease during dry season

5 Darngawn khuai lui Perennial but decrease during dry season

6 Tuipui Perennial but decrease during dry season

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HISTORY OF NEIHDAWN VILLAGE Neihdawn is a village which 170 km from its main city Aizawl and falls under

Champhai District having the village boundary with Champhai, Khawzawl, Tuipui and Ngaizawl.

As sources indicate one of the Hmar tribe called ‘Neihdawn’ were the first dweller

in this village and the name of the village is given after this tribe. The main source of living here is through farming where rice, ginger and oranges are grown. Water is collected from Sersih which is not sufficient during the dry season. Spring water is found at Khur Hnai, Lianzuala tui, Challianchhunga tuikhur.

As for their social life, people of neihdawn people had been practicing the similar

Mizo cultural system of marriage where ceremonies are held in the church under the charge of Pastors and Church leaders followed by celebration with large gathering and feast. Chapchar Kut, one of the most popular festival of the Mizos assumed a very important cultural tradition in the society. Chapchar Kut as a Cultural heritage and popular festival has been kept alive and preserved by the people of Neihdawn. Christmas is one of the most important events embraced.

BASIC INFORMATION Population

Sl.No Total Population





1 Primary School 1

2 Middle School 1 3 High School - 4 Higher Secondary School - Total 2


1 Sersih (gravity water pipeline) Perennial but decrease during dry season

2 Tuipui Perennial but decrease during dry season 3 Tuimuk Perennial but decrease during dry season 4 Lungtlanghing lui Perennial but decrease during dry season 5 Damdiai tui Perennial but decrease during dry season 6 kelsihtui Perennial but decrease during dry season

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HISTORY OF TUIPUI VILLAGE Tuipui is a small village under Champhai District which is situated on the shore of

the river. The name of the village is giver for being situated near the river.

This village has a total population of just 458 persons where 210 are male and 248 are female. The majority of people of tuipui depend on farming for their living and there are few Government servant and small business men.

In the field of education there are only few schools being a small village. With the effort of the village elders and support from the Government Tuipui village at present have established one Primary School and one Middle School. Since it is situated near the river the village have no difficulty in regard to water. Spring water sources is also found at Bualpui lui, Lungreng tuikhur and Mauhak. However, these sources are dried up during dry season..

BASIC INFORMATION

Polulation Sl.No Total Population





1 Primary School 1

2 Middle School 1 3 High School - 4 Higher Secondary School - Total 2


1 Tuipui Perennial but decrease during dry season

2 Bualpui tui Perennial but decrease during dry season 3 Mauhak lui Perennial but decrease during dry season 4 Lungrang kawr Perennial but decrease during dry season 5 kawrdungsei Perennial but decrease during dry season

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HISTORY OF TUALPUI VILLAGE

Tualpui is a village which falls under Champhai District where Hmar tribe called

‘tualpui’ were the first inhabitants. The name of the village is therefore taken from this tribe

called tualpui.

Tualpui village having a total of 115 household mainly depend on farming for their

living where rice and ginger are mainly grown. Their main source of water is from ‘Murlen

kham mum lui’ which does not dried up even during the dry season. Spring water sources

is also found at Hmarhmun tuikhur, Paihte tuikhur, YMA tuikhur, Zotui hla leh hnai.

Though these sources are not dried up during the dry season, the water becomes lesser

during this season.

The village had made development with the efoort and support put in by the village

elders and Government where they have established one Primary School, one Middle

School and one High School.

BASIC INFORMATION

Polulation Sl.No Total Population





1 Primary School 1

2 Middle School 1 3 High School 1 4 Higher Secondary School - Total 3


1 Murlen kham tui Perennial but decrease during dry season

2 Tuichang Perennial but decrease during dry season 3 Tuipui Perennial but decrease during dry season 4 Pumpet Perennial but decrease during dry season 5 Raltawna lui Perennial but decrease during dry season

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PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL (PRA) The past experience of watershed has given tremendous input to focus on creating

accountability of the stakeholders towards the programme. This has created an emphasis to

include all the stakeholder communities and their local and indigenous Technological Knowledge

(ITK) while planning for any activity. Participatory approach provides a new path for planning,

implementing, monitoring and post- withdrawal activities with a complete accountability of the

stakeholders. Various PRA techniques like resource mapping, social mapping, and season

calendars were used to understand the physical and social orientation of the village in general and

watershed in specific. These tools put the villagers in ease than the complicated questionnaires.

Various tools like Matrix ranking, Venn diagram were used to identify various local vegetations

(apt for afforestation), Fodders crops, various institutions and their significance in the life of the

farmers.

FINDINGS: The PRA exercise done in the project area revealed that the villages even after

lengthy lecture and deliberate discussion could not make the difference between what they want

and what they need. In each village the people thought that they need-

a) Community hall with Badminton Court.

b) Playground with a minimum size of 120m x 70m which is medium standard football

ground.

c) Internal roads and steps.

d) Market or waiting sheds.

e) Office building for various NGOs i.e., YMA, MHIP and MUP.

f) Construction of roads under MG-NREGA to connect their jhum land.

In view of the above points, none of the above items except Sl /No. (d) and (f) could not

alleviate poverty nor lighten the burden of loads they carry from their jhum land. Therefore, what

seem to be their needs are actually what they want to have.

Then, in the second exercise of the PRA, the need of the people was revealed, what they

want becomes negligible since their wants could not fulfill the needs of the rural populace.

Therefore, the following points came up which will be addressed with various R.D. Programme.

a) Water and moisture conservation for domestic and irrigation purposes.

b) Land development for horticulture, agriculture and pisciculture.

c) Afforestation and regeneration of village community land.

d) Construction of link road to each potential area to ease transportation.

e) Construction of storage facility and market infrastructure.

f) Training and capacity building for rural artisans and their sponsorship to various

institutions for up-gradation of skills.

17

PROBLEM TYPOLOGY

1 2 3 4 S. No Problem area Problem analysis Proposed interventions to over come

problems

1

Soil Conservation

(slope, erosion, soil loss, rainfall, productivity ,

etc)

Soil lost is immense due to direct rain drop resulting in soil erosion, destruction of vegetative barrier, decreased rainfall. Top soil loss decreases fertility of the land resulting in less productivity.

Soil and moisture conservation will be done by way of construction of farm ponds, dug-out ponds, terracing, bench terracing, half moon terrace, contour trenching and planting trees, shifting cultivation will be controlled.

2

Water conservation

(water budget, Ground water

norms, productivity)

Decrease in vegetative barrier resulted in high run off speed of rain water and less chance of recharging water table. Direct sun light also decreases the moisture content of the soil. Once perennial streams become ephemeral.

In order to utilize every drop of water in a meaningful way, all the streams in the project area will be tapped to irrigate farm land. Rain water will be harvested in farm ponds, dug-out ponds and water harvesting structures to recharge the ground water content. Check dams will be constructed in various places to make ephemeral streams into perennial streams.

3

Crop coverage – { 80% of w/s area should be with canopy}

Practice of shifting cultivation destroyed crops and vegetative coverage; Sporadic wild fire also destroyed a vast portion of land every year. Abandoned jhum land increases resulting in less vegetative coverage

Permanent farming will be introduced in the project area by three tier system. Canopy areas will be treated to regenerate forest, in the second tier horticulture will be introduced; the third tier will be covered with WRC and Terrace for Agriculture activity.

4

Agriculture productivity (crop wise

compare with dist. Average)

Due to Loss of top soil, the productivity of land decreases tremendously, the productivity of land in case of paddy is only 600 Kg per acre, which is almost 50% less than 10-15 years ago. The crop wise district average for major crops is as below:-

S.No Project Area Dist Average

(a) Paddy–600 Kg/Ac 750 Kg/Ac (b) Maize-800

Kg/Ac 950 Kg/Ac

(c) Banana–700 Kg/Ac

1000 Kg/Ac

The productivity will be enhanced by way of multiple cropping. Permanent crops will be introduced in slope areas, during the gestation period seasonal and annual crops will be sown which will doubled the income of the farmer. Organic manures will be used for enhancing the production as well as ensuring quality. Drip-irrigation will be provided to each farmer for irrigating crops. WRC areas will be provided with open or pipe irrigation to enhance productivity and enable farmer to sow more than once in their area.

5 Livestock productivity

Lack of grazing ground for milch animals, draught animals and small ruminants. Lack of technical know how of animal management, remoteness of the project area and lack of financial support and

Developing the existing pasture land with proper management and technical inputs for livestock farming. Training at various identified institute to ensure growth and productivity. Developing infrastructures for production and

18

infrastructure.

marketing with logistic support.

6

Existing Livelihood

activities for Asset less persons

No employment opportunities in the project area to earn a living except in jhum lands where weeding is required. Lack of creativeness, training and financial support for such persons.

Organizing the people to form SHG’s and imparting training at various identified institutes, Door-step training at local area for Old-aged and handicapped persons. Developing infrastructures for production and marketing, provision of logistic support to the groups.

7

Community Based

Organisation & Social capital

base

The existing CBO’s i.e. YMA, MHIP and MUP are not aware of the importance of SHG’s and Federations and lack creativity and innovative mind.

Training for CBO’s/ VO’s in order to enable them to facilitate the newly formed SHG’s and federation for their growth and impart sense of ownership.

8

Capacity Building

(participation, awareness of

watershed community

There is no proper capacity building and awareness campaign.

Capacity building will be held at regular intervals. In order to ensure mass-participation, the time and venue should be notified in advance to all concerned.

9 Work Culture

of Labour force

Due to the implementation of various employment generation schemes, the people are used to earning their livelihood easily without much toil and sweat. They became irresponsible and forget the Mizo work culture where every family is self-sufficient.

In order to change the existing work-culture, comprehensive plan should be worked out to ensure better profits from works done by each individual. Ensure market for each produce and induce the spirit of ownership of every work done. Every one should be made to deliver considerable effort for his and his family’s self-sufficiency without external support.

10 Land

ownership Pattern

During the implementation of NLUP and MIP in Mizoram, community land available for jhuming was distributed to every family at the rate of 4 Acres. Even after the dis-continuance of the programmes, the allotee usually claimed their land allotted to them even if they could not look after it.

The Village Council in consultation with Revenue Department, Government of Mizoram should declared the allotment of land to those allotees null and void, and re-distribute the land to deserving families who are willing to take up the activities under IWMP.

11

Connectivity of Watershed Area and Potential

Areas

Due to lack of foresight, the village authorities could not formulate plans to connect every potential area with roads to ease transportation of produces resulting in heavy burden for farmers and cultivators.

Village Authorities will be made conscious of the importance of connectivity to the potential project areas. They will make fund available for construction of road connectivity under every available schemes. This will ease transportation of produces, reduce the cost of transportation and market price of the produce, it will also decrease time taken for the produces to reach markets.

12 Marketing of produces

Even though the produces of the locality is of small quantity, it

Produces will be quantified at least three-folded in each item to enable the

19

became too much for local consumption, but too little for outside market.

farmers to sell outside the locality. Transportation arrangement will be made at watershed committee level to ensure that those produces reach the market within 24 hours.

13 Storage of produces.

Due to lack of storage facilities for storing Horticulture products in local area, the products became rotten in a short span of time, then farmers and cultivators not only losses but are also demoralized.

Cold storage facilities will be applied in the concerned Department under the Government of Mizoram where every beneficiary will deposit their produces before sending them to the market.

14 Credit Linkage

Due to lack of Banking infrastructure in remote villages, credit linkage and banking assistance are out of reach for the rural populace.

Bank officials will be made to participate more in the implementation of the project where they could fetch a good return. The dormancy of service area of each banks will be made to revive, in return, the loanees will be made to recover their loans in regular intervals so that the bank, the loanees and SHG will be more profitable.

15

Lack of Training

Infrastructure and

Institutional Support and Sponsorship

There are only a few training facilities and institutions for the rural artisans, even though the existing ones are almost out of reach for them due to lack of sponsorship and financial support for upgradation of skills.

Recent establishment of R-SETI at Zemabawk, KVK Khawzawl and Farmers Training Centre at Selesih will help upgrade the rural artisans, farmers and micro entrepreneurs. Sponsorship will be done from training and capacity building fund of the project. Whenever possible, private trainers will be engaged to impart in – house/Door Step training to old aged pensioner, widows and handicapped persons. Up-gradation of skill will enable the produces of rural artisans to compete in the open markets.

16 Sparodic wild fire

Due to Bamboo flowering in 2007, 2008 &2009, vast bamboo forest was covered with dried bamboos. Some miscreants used to set fire causing destruction of new young plants coming up.

Focus will be set to those areas selected under the project to control wild fire, controlled burning and watch of wild fire will be introduced. Comprehensive Plan will be evolved at Village Level to create awareness. Village Level Authority will be encouraged to punish and fine those who caused such wild fire.

17 Time Management

Due to lack of efficient time management, Valuable time have been thrown away which could be

utilized in an efficient manner if management have been properly

arranged

The PIA will be advised to opened a Site Office within his IWMP Project Area for better co-ordination with the Watershed Committees, User Group, Self-Help Groups, and the beneficiaries. All programmes of training, awareness, capacity buildings and field visits will be notified in advance so that there will be no lapsed in the part of the PIA nor the end users.

20

PROJECT INTERVENTION PLAN

Sl.NO Name of works %

Khawzawl Ngaizawl Neihdawn Tuipui Tualpui TOTAL

Physical in No.& Ha

Allocation in

rupees

Physical in

No.& Ha

Allocation in

rupees Physical in

No.& Ha Allocation in rupees

Physical in No.& Ha

Allocation in rupees

Physical in No.& Ha

Allocation in

rupees Physical

in No.& Ha Allocatio

n in rupees

1 Preparation of DPR 1 1 2,71,500 1 135300 1 92400 1 137850 1 112950 1 7,50,000

2 Entry Point Activities 4 4 10,86,000 3 541200 3 369600 3 551400 3 451800 16 30,00,000

3 Institution & Capacity Building 5 N.A 13,57,500 NA 676500 NA 462000 NA 689250 NA 564750 NA 37,50,000

4 Productivity Enhancement 10 241.33 27,15,000 120 1353000 82 924000 123 1378500 101 1129500 647 75,00,000

5 Livelihood for Asset less 9 217.20 24,43,500 108 1217700 74 831600 110 1240650 90 1016550 581 67,50,000

6 Natural Resources Management

56 1351.47 152,04,000 674 7576800 460 5174400 686 7719600 562 6325200 3622 420,00,000

7 Monitoring & Evaluation 2 N.A 5,43,000 NA 270600 NA 184800 NA 275700 NA 225900 NA 15,00,000

8 Consolidation Phase 3 N.A 8,14,500 NA 405900 NA 277200 NA 413550 NA 338850 NA 22,50,000

9 Administration 10 L.S 27,15,000 LS 1353000 LS 924000 LS 1378500 LS 1129500 LS 75,00,000 TOTAL OF SL.NO

(4,5& 6, PHYSICAL) FINANCIAL OVERALL

100 1810 271,50,000 902 13530000 616 9240000 919 13785000 753 11295000 5000 750,00,000

21

DPR PLAN ABSTRACT

Sl. No Component

1 year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year Total

Phy (Ha/No) Fin (Rs.) Phy

(Ha/No) Fin (Rs.) Phy (Ha/No) Fin (Rs.) Phy

(Ha/No) Fin (Rs.) Phy (Ha/No) Fin (Rs.) Phy

(Ha/No) Fin (Rs.)

1 Detailed Project Report (1%) 1 7,50,000 1 7,50,000

2 Entry Point Activities (4%) 25 30,00,000 25 30,00,000

3 Institution & Capacity Building (5%) N.A 3,75,000 N.A 18,75,000 N.A 6,94,000 N.A 4,31,000 N.A 3,75,000 N.A 37,50,000

4 Production System & Micro Enterprise. (10%) 33 7,50,000 100 22,50,000 100 22,50,000 100 22,50,000 333 75,00,000

5 Livelihoods for Assetless (9%) 30 7,50,000 90 22,50,000 90 22,50,000 60 15,00,000 270 67,50,000

6 Natural Resource Management (56%) 500 56,25,000 1011.64 113,81,000 1011.64 113,81,000 1210.05 136,13,000 3733.33 420,00,000

7 Monitoring (1%) N.A 1,50,000 N.A 1,50,000 N.A 1,50,000 N.A 3,00,000 N.A 7,50,000

8 Evaluation (1%) N.A 2,25,000 - - N.A 2,62,500 N.A 2,62,500 N.A 7,50,000

9 Consolidation phase (3%) N.A 22,50,000 N.A 22,50,000

10 Administration 10% L.S 3,75,000 L.S 11,25,000 L.S 20,25,000 L.S 20,25,000 L.S 19,50,000 L.S 75,00,000

11 GRANT TOTAL (Financial only) 45,00,000 105,00,000 187,50,000 187,50,000 225,01,000 750,00,000

22

PREPARATORY PHASE

CHAMPHAI DISTRICT : MIZORAM NAME OF THE PROJECT : CHAMPHAI-III

Name of Village

Amount earmarked

for EPA EPA Planned

Estimated Cost

(in Rs.)

Expenditure incurred Balance Expected

outcome Actual

Outcome

Khawzawl

3,25,800 Constn. of Roadside Market at Vengthar, Khawzawl. 3,25,800 3,25,800 Nil 1 1

3,25,800 Constn. of Roadside Market at Hermon, Khawzawl. 3,25,800 3,25,800 Nil 1 1

3,25,800 Constn. of Roadside Market at Dinthar, Khawzawl. 3,25,800 3,25,800 Nil 1 1

54,300 Constn. of Public Urinal at Dinthar, Khawzawl. 54,300 54,300 Nil 1 1

54,300 Constn. of Public Urinal at Vengthar, Khawzawl. 54,300 54,300 Nil 1 1

Ngaizawl 4,87,080 Constn. of Public Water Tank. 4,87,080 4,87,080 Nil 4 4

54,120 Constn. of Public Urinal. 54,120 54,120 Nil 1 1

Neihdawn 3,32,640 Constn. of Public Water Tank. 3,32,640 3,32,640 Nil 4 4


Tuipui

1,70,460 Constn. of Public Water Tank. 1,70,460 1,70,460 Nil 3 3

40,000 Constn. of Public Bathroom. 40,000 40,000 Nil 1 1

2,85,800 Constn. of Roadside Market.. 2,85,800 2,85,800 Nil 1 1


Tualpui 4,06,620 Constn. of Public Water Tank. 4,06,620 4,06,620 Nil 3 3

45,180 Constn. Of Public Urinal. 45,180 45,180 Nil 1 1

Total 30,00,000 30,00,000 30,00,000 Nil 25 25

23

WORK PLAN DETAILS

Total Funds Allocated for Watershed work Phase (75%) : Rs. 562.5 Lakhs Total Area to be treated : 5000 Ha.

Sl No.

Watershed Development works (56%)

1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Total Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.) Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.) Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.) Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.) Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.) Phy

(in Ha) Fin

(in Rs.)

1

(a) Afforestation 0 0 20 2,25,000 42.76 4,81,000 42.76 4,81,000 45.60 5,13,000 151.11 17,00,000 (b) Horticulture 0 0 133.33 15,00,000 177.78 20,00,000 177.78 20,00,000 222.22 25,00,000 711.11 80,00,000 (c) Land Development/WRC 0 0 44.44 5,00,000 44.44 5,00,000 44.44 5,00,000 71.11 8,00,000 204.44 23,00,000 (d) Pasture Development 0 0 (e) Others (Half-moon terracing) 0 0 53.33 6,00,000 53.33 6,00,000 71.11 8,00,000 177.77 20,00,000 (f) Soil & Moisture Conservation 0 0

i. Bench terracing 0 0 133.33 15,00,000 266.67 30,00,000 266.67 30,00,000 311.11 35,00,000 977.78 110,00,000 ii. Contour & Graded Bunds 0 0 35.56 4,00,000 71.11 8,00,000 71.11 8,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 266.67 30,00,000

iii. Earthen checks 0 0 iv. Gully Plugs/Loose boulders,.

Etc. 0 0

(g) Water Harvest Structure 0 0 i. Farm Pond 0 0 44.45 5,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 311.11 35,00,000

ii. Rain Water Harvest Structure 0 0 44.45 5,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 311.11 35,00,000 iii. Community Water Tank 0 0 44.45 5,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 133.33 15,00,000 355.56 40,00,000 iv. Others/Gravitational Pipeline 0 0 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 88.89 10,00,000 266.67 30,00,000

Sub Total 0 0 500 56,25,000 1011.64 113,81,000 1011.64 113,81,000 1210.04 136,13,000 3733.33 420,00,000

24

2

Livelihood Activities for Assetless (9%)

1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Total

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

Phy (in No)

Fin (in Rs.)

No. of Beneficiaries on farm activities 0 0 6 1,50,000 10 2,50,000 10 2,50,000 12 3,00,000 38 37,50,000

No. of Beneficiaries on off-farm activities 0 0 24 6,00,000 80 20,00,000 80 20,00,000 48 12,00,000 232 30,00,000

Sub Total 0 0 30 7,50,000 90 22,50,000 90 22,50,000 60 15,00,000 270 67,50,000

3

Production System & Micro Enterprise (10%)

Area/ Beneficiaries on Farm activities

i. Sericulture 0 0 4 1,00,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 43 10,00,000 ii. Fisheries 0 0 4 1,00,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 43 10,00,000

iii. Beekeeping 0 0 2 50,000 9 2,00,000 9 2,00,000 9 2,00,000 29 6,50,000 iv. Micro-enterprise 0 0 6 1,25,000 9 2,00,000 9 2,00,000 9 2,00,000 33 7,25,000 v. Poultry 0 0 6 1,25,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 13 3,00,000 45 10,25,000

vi. Piggery 0 0 9 2,00,000 36 8,00,000 36 8,00,000 36 8,00,000 117 26,00,000 vii. Others 0 0 2 50,000 7 1,50,000 7 1,50,000 7 1,50,000 23 5,00,000

Sub Total 0 0 33 7,50,000 100 22,50,000 100 22,50,000 100 22,50,000 333 75,00,000

Grant Total (1+2+3) 0 71,25,000 158,81,000 158,81,000 173,63,000 562,50,000 * The share of the Project villages in the above allocation will be 36.2%, 18.04%, 12.32%, 18.38%, 15.06% for Khawzawl, Ngaizawl, Neihdawn, Tuipui and Tualpui villages respectively.

25

CONSOLIDATION & WITHDRAWAL PHASE

CHAMPHAI DISTRICT: MIZORAM

NAME OF THE PROJECT : CHAMPHAI - III : COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES

Name of

Village

Activity

Proposed

TARGET ACHIEVEMENT

Target

Area under

the

activities

Ha

Estimate

Expenditure

Expected no of

Beneficiaries

Estimated

WDF

Contribu-

tion

Area

Treated

under

the

activity

Expenditure

incurred

Actual no

of

Benefic-

iaries

Mandas

WDF

Collected TOTAL WOMEN

MIS-TABLE-M(PA) C1

After completion of the Project, all the common properties within the project area under Watershed Management

Works i.e. Gravity pipeline, Open – Irrigation Channel, Water Harvesting Structures should be entered in this table during

consolidation phase. Contribution toward Watershed Development Fund which is 5% of the expenditure incurred in that

particular area should be collected from the beneficiaries.

This fund will be utilized for maintenance, repair, renovation of the Assets (CPR) created under the project fund after exit protocol. This MIS-table is an Assets Register of the project; therefore, entry should be correct in all respects.

26

CAPACITY BUILDING INSTITUTIONS IDENTIFIED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF IWMP IN CHAMPHAI DISTRICT: MIZORAM

Sl.No Name of Institution Type Specialization

1 State Institute of Rural Development Kolasib Mizoram

State Government Rural Development & Watershed Management

2 Extension Training Centre Thingsulthliah, Mizoram

State Government Rural Development & Watershed Management

3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Khawzawl, Mizoram

Central Government Home Science, Animal Husbandry , Agriculture and allied subjects

4 Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) Kolasib, Mizoram

Central Government Agriculture, Horticulture and allied subjects

5 Rural – Self Employment Training Institute (RSETI) Zemabawk, Mizoarm

Central Government Carpentry, Handloom, Knitting, Embroidery, Handicraft, Shoe repair etc.

6 Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Aizawl. State Government Motor Mechanic, Electrician, Computer Science, Handloom & Handicraft

7 Farmers Training Center, Selesih, Mizoam State Government Livestock farming & Management

8 Weaving Centre, Luangmual. State Government Weaving & Handloom 9 Fish Farmers Training Centre, Lengpui. State Government Fish Farming

27

INSTITUTIONAL & CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN

NAME OF THE PROJECT : CHAMPHAI - III

Year Sl.N Target Group Targeted Beneficiaries

Financial target in

lakhs

Name of Institution & Activities identified

SIRD Kolasib, ETC Thingsulthliah

DWCDC Champhai & SLNA

Mizoram

Fish Farmers Training Centre Lengpui, KVK Khawzawl & Farmer

Training Centre Selesih

R-SETI Zemabawk & ITI Aizawl, Weaving Centre Luangmual.

I

1 PIA & WDT 5 0.75 Concept of IWMP 2 Watershed Committee 60 0.50 Concept of IWMP 3 SHG & UG 100 0.50 Concept of IWMP

4 Beneficiaries 500 2 Concept of IWMP

Mobilization of Resources

Management & Convergence

II

Sub Total 665 3.75

1 Rural Artisans 150 3.60 Formation of SHG Skill upgradation &

Management of products

2 Livestock Farmers 200 3.60 Formation of SHG Skill upgradation and Animal Husbandry

3 Gardening & Crop Production 200 3.60 Formation of SHG Multiple Cropping & Crop

Husbandry

4 Micro Entrepreneurs & Petty Trade 180 3.60 Formation of SHG Marketing, Skill

upgradation & Skill development 5 WC, UG, SHG 300 4.35 Formulation of Action

Plan Formation of SHG

Sub Total 1030 18.75

III

1 Rural Artisans 60 1.20 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Formation of UG

Skill upgradation & Management of

products

2 Livestock Farmers 120 2.14 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Formation of UG Skill upgradation and

Animal Husbandry

3 Gardening & Crop Production 60 1.20 Credit Linkage

Resources Mobilization Formation of UG Multiple Cropping & Crop Husbandry

4 Micro Entrepreneurs 60 1.20 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Formation of UG Marketing, Skill

upgradation & Skill development 5 Petty Trade 60 1.20 Credit Linkage

Resources Mobilization Formation of UG

Sub Total 360 6.94

28

IV

1 Rural Artisans 50 1.11 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Federation


products

2 Livestock Farmers 30 0.80 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization

Federation Skill upgradation and Animal Husbandry


Resources Mobilization Federation Multiple Cropping & Crop

Husbandry

4 Micro Entrepreneurs 30 0.80 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization

Federation Marketing, Skill upgradation & Skill

development

5 Petty Trade 30 0.80 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization

Federation

Sub Total 170 4.31

V

1 Rural Artisans 20 0.60 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization


products

2 Livestock Farmers 20 0.60 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Skill upgradation and

Animal Husbandry


Resources Mobilization Multiple Cropping & Crop Husbandry

4 Micro Entrepreneurs 20 0.60 Credit Linkage Resources Mobilization Marketing, Skill

upgradation & Skill development 5 Petty Trade 20 0.60 Credit Linkage

Resources Mobilization

6 PIA & Watershed Committee 100 0.75 Consolidation of Project

Exit Protocol, Withdrawal Mechanism

Sub Total 200 3.75 GRAND TOTAL 2425 37.50

* The PIA of the Project and Watershed Committee concerned will sponsored trainees to KVK, FTC, R-SETI and ITI Aizawl as per the rate prescribe by the

institution * PIA & WC are advised to arrange training at their locality for handicapped, old aged, widows etc by engaging trainers.

29

BASIC PROFILE OF THE LOCATION

Location of the watershed

Name of the district Champhai Name of the Mandal/Block Khawzawl RD Block.

Name of the Gram

Panchayat (s)

Khawzawl, Ngaizawl,

Neihdawn, Tuipui,

Tualpui.l

Name of the habitations Khawzawl, Ngaizawl, Neihdawn, Tuipui,

Tualpui.l

Longitudes 93°11’24” – 93°17’24”E Latitude 23°24’23” – 23°36’13”N

Elevation from MSL:

Highest elevation in the

watershed (above MSL)

935 Lowest elevation

in the watershed

(above MSL)

416 Relief/ Height difference (mt) 519

30

MAPS OF THE PROJECT

31

32

33

34

INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND AGREEMENTS

District Level: At the district level, District Watershed Cell & Data Center (DWCDC)

headed by a Project Manager has been constituted by the SLNA which

will function as per the guidelines issued by Government of India. The

Project Manager will be assisted by 3 to 4 Subject Matter Specialists of

different discipline like agriculture, water management social Mobilization,

preparation of DPR for implementation of watershed management

programme in districts treatable area of more than 25,000 ha on the basis

of district perspective and strategic plan prepared by DWCDC.

Project Level: At the project level, the PIA is responsible for implementation of IWMP

with the help of WDT members of different disciplines. The PIA will be

selected by the DWCDC and will be approved by the SNLA on the basis

of criteria laid down in the guidelines.

Micro Watershed Level: At the Micro Watershed level, respective Watershed Committees are to

be constituted by Gram Sabhas/traditional village councils. The

Watershed Committees are directly responsible for implementation of

various schemes as per DPR the Micro Watershed with technical

guidance of WDT members. The Watershed Committee will take the help

of SHGs of the respective Micro-Watershed while implementing the

earmarked schemes.

35

SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE PIA

Strength:

(1) Dedicated and experienced staff and a multidisciplinary team

(2) Independent and Experienced Organization within the District.

(3) Strong linkages with district and local level institutions

(4) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of MIRSAC, Aizawl

(5) Block level monitoring, coordination & Co-operation Committee

Weakness:

(1) Lack of experience staff.

(2) Lack of knowledge on watershed management amongst the Watershed

Committee and User Group.

(3) Over-burdened with MGNREGA, SGSY, IAY, BADP and Election matters.

(4) No Experience in Watershed Development Activities.

Opportunities:

(1) A number of different other development schemes of the government are

running; so, there can be horizontal integration and convergence of

programmes

(2) Better financial provision under IWMP

(3) Usage of new ICT tools like GIS, GPS and MIS

Threats:

(1) Rainfall is difficult to predict and unreliable in the project area, the activities

planned to be taken up may yield limited impact

(2) Irregularities in fund flow can derail the smooth functioning

(3) Lack of contribution and cooperation from local people

(4) Political intervention may hamper the progress.

36

PIA & WATERSHED COMMITTEE DETAILS Name BDO Address Khawzawl WDT Members:

1 2 3 4

WATERSHED COMMITTEES PROVISIONAL

WATERSHED COMMITTEE: Khawzawl SL.No Representatives Designation

1 President Village Council 2 Members Village Council 3 President YMA 4 President MHIP 5 PresidentMHIPPresident MUP

WATERSHED COMMITTEE: Ngaizawl SL.No Representatives Designation


WATERSHED COMMITTEE: Neihdawn SL.No Representatives Designation


WATERSHED COMMITTEE: Tuipui SL.No Representatives Designation


WATERSHED COMMITTEE: Tualpui SL.No Representatives Designation


37

CONVERGENCE PLAN

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Sl No

Name of the Village

Names of Departments with Schemes

converging with IWMP

Funds to be made available to IWMP

due to convergence (Rs. In lakh)

Was this fund included in Rs. 15,000 per ha

Name of activity/ task/ structure to be undertaken with converged funds

Level at which decision for

convergence was taken$ Yes No

1

Khawzawl,

Ngaizawl,

Neihdawn,

Tuipui,

Tualpui

MG-NREGA

Fund will be ear marked for this purpose during

formulation of AAP under MG-NREGA.

No Connectivity to Potential Area

V/C

SGSY/NRLM and MKSP SHG under SGSY will be identified,

under IWMP No

Existing activity will be enhanced with the project fund SGSY, NRLM and MKSP fund.

Block/Village

level

NLUP WDF & User

charges, Collection Centre. Selection of

Crops.

No

1. Since, the objective of NLUP and IWMP are the same, convergence of the two programmes relating to financial assistance will be as follows: (a) The Unit Cost or assistance per beneficiary

under NLUP will be Rs.1,00,000 approximately.

(b) Unit Cost or assistance per beneficiary under

IWMP is Rs.10950. (c) Beneficiary under IWMP who received one

unit of assistance i.e. Rs.10950 will be assisted with Rs.89050 under NLUP, and those who received two unit cost of Rs.21900 under IWMP will get 78100 from NLUP. If the beneficiaries under IWMP receive three or more unit cost, the assistance under NLUP will decreases gradually.

(d) The quantum of assistance to be received

from the two programmes shall not exceed Rs.100000/- per beneficiary.

NLUP Implementing Board & SLNA

38

2. Beneficiaries of NLUP having land in the selected

watershed area will be allowed to enjoy the

facilities provided under IWMP only if the same is

not provided under NLUP. However, to enjoy this

provision, necessary contribution as WDF and user

charges should be contributed by NLUP

beneficiaries.

3. Provisions provided under NLUP such as collection

centres of local produces, etc. will be share by

beneficiaries under IWMP if the local NLUP

Committee agreed to.

4. As far as practicable, the beneficiaries under IWMP

will be encouraged to select crops introduced under

NLUP to ensure one crop-one village theme.

Watershed Committee

level & Village Level

39

EXPECTED OUTCOMES

Till today, agriculture in Mizoram has been characterized mainly by

Jhuming cultivation, unproductive methods of farming, degradation of land due to

slash-and-burn practices and wasteful use of land and water. In short, it can be said

that agricultural production in the state of Mizoram is very low due to improper

management of land and water received by it. With proper training and sensitization

efforts under IWMP, it is expected that the community will slowly but surely be

persuaded to adopt permanent farming as a viable, sustainable and more profitable

alternative to the shifting method of farming. Further, with the implementation of the

programme, a significant amount of the run-off rain water will be harvested and utilized

to irrigate cultivated land during the dry season and more areas will be brought under

multiple cropping to optimize the usage of cultivable land. Although it may be

presumptuous to predict a definite figure of growth in production, it is expected that an

average increase of up to 10% in agricultural production will be possible if the

watershed projects are successfully implemented.

The major outcomes expected are –

i) More natural sources of water lying untapped will be exploited and

harnessed for drinking purposes. Also a number of traditional water bodies

which are lying in a state of disrepair will be repaired and revived for use by

the community.

ii) Rain water which normally runs off during the monsoons will be harvested

in reservoirs and used for irrigation during part of the dry season.

iii) Underutilized, unutilized and ill-utilized natural resources will be efficiently

utilized for need based production system to enhance productivity and

prosperity in rain fed areas. Over 56% of activities in IWMP will be related to

improvement of soil conservation measures, rain water harvesting

programmes for all round livelihood improvement of these project areas and

identifying the potential areas during the participatory rural appraisal

exercise.

iv) 100% involvement of Gram Panchayats will be a direct and immediate

outcome, which, in turn, is expected to translate into a larger community

40

participation in watershed management projects, as well as the creation and

maintenance of community assets.

v) Cultivation of high value horticultural crops, such as mushrooms, bird eye

chilies, turmeric, ginger, broccoli, etc will be encouraged so as to improve

the livelihood of farmers of the project areas.

vi) Increase in the production of floricultural plants such as anthurium, roses,

lilium and chrysanthemum which have been explored at an experimental

level and found to have tremendous commercial potential in the state.

vii) Revival of existing SHGs formed under SGSY and increasing their income

potential under the programme will be thrust area within the project areas.

viii) Professionalisation of skills through capacity building.

ix) Rejuvenation of forests and improvement of ecological balance.

x) Reduction in rural-urban migration as a result of permanent farming in rural

areas.

xi) Better marketing opportunities through the village haats set up under

SGSY.

Overall, these efforts will result in enhancing growth, farm income.

Generated employment avenues and reduced poverty of the rural poor and improved

productivity of natural resources will have a cascading effect on livelihood and the

state’s economy as a whole.

41

EXPECTED /ESTIMATED OUTCOMES

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sl NO

Name of the Project Item Unit of

measurement Pre – project Status Expected Post-project Status Remarks

1 CHAMPHAI-III

Status of water table Metre Depletion during dry season

Recharge through afforestation and treatment under IWMP

Ground water structure repaired/ rejuvenated - - 59

Quality of drinking water - Impure during rainy season Pure after project intervention

Availability of drinking water Scarce Sufficient

Increase in irrigation potential Ha No irrigation facilities 200 Ha will be irrigated by tapping streams

Change in cropping/ land use pattern Jhumming & Single cropping

Permanent farming & double/multiple cropping

Area under agriculture crop i) Area under single crop Ha 5000 1700 III) Area under double crop Ha 250 2355 IIIi) Area under multiple crop Ha 150 1204 Net increase in crop production area Ha 1000 5260 Increase in area under vegetation Ha 12800 42000 Increase in area under horticulture Ha 10412 13499 Increase in area under fuel & folder Ha 7513 7371 Increase in milk production Ltr/animal/day 1.5 – 2.5 3.5 – 4.5 No.of SHGs Nos 5 28 Increase in no. of livelihoods Families 126 440 Increase in income Per head p.a 21000 42000 Migration Persons/year 10 - SHG Federations formed No - 3 Credit linkage with Banks No - 28 Resource use agreements No - 10 WDF collection & management Rupees - 766500 Summary of lessons learnt Mass-participation in Government programmes ensured success.

42

MONITORING AND EVALUATION Monitoring and EVALUATION (M & E) Monitoring and evaluation are two different management tools that are closely related,

interactive and mutually supportive. Monitoring and evaluation enable us to assess the quality and

impact of our works against our action plan and our strategic plan.

Goals of monitoring:

1. Operational control

2. Quick feedback on project effectiveness

3. Timely alarm signals in the case of significant deviations

4. Ensuring full benefits to the target groups

5. Providing inputs for better design of development interventions, project planning and

community mobilization.

Evaluation is the comparison of actual project impacts against the agreed strategic plans.

Goals of evaluation:

1. To assess the impact of the programmes and identify bottlenecks in implementation

2. To improve effectiveness of policies and programmes. At the district level, the DWCDC

will have one member exclusively responsible.

For effective monitoring, the role of the SLNA is critical in ensuring the following:-

i) Internal monitoring by project teams (PIA/ DWDC)

ii) Progress monitoring

iii) GIS / Web based on line monitoring

iv) Self monitoring by committees

v) Sustainability monitoring

vi) Social audits.

There will be a panel of evaluators approved by the SLNA. The evaluators will oversee

the physical, financial and social impact of the work done. They should not act as inspectors but as

facilitators. However, they will very strict in ensuring that guidelines are being followed. Fund

release will depend upon on a favourable report from the evaluators.

Social audits will form an important component of the evaluation system. Social audits

will be held once every six months. The minutes of the Social Audits will be compiled by the District

Watershed Cell & Data Centre and necessary action will be taken by the DWC&DC and will also be

forwarded to the SLNA. The SLNA will hold an assessment meeting subsequent to the submission

of every such report, and decide the follow up action that is required to be taken.

43

PLAN AND ESTIMATES FOR VARIOUS ACTIVITIES

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF LOW COST DUG OUT POND

1/ 2.03 Earthwork in excavation exclusive of compensation of earth in –

b) Hard soil

½ x 2.80 x 2.80 x 2.78 = 9.73 cum 2.50 x 1.80 x 0.90 = 4.05 cum

TOTAL = Rs.13.78 cum

(a) Rs.75.51/cum = Rs.1040.52

2/ 4.02 providing and laying cement concrete 1:2:4 etc

(a) All works up to foundation and plinth level

2.60 x 1.80 x 0.15 = 0.702 cum

(a) Rs.4270.23 = Rs.2997.70 3/ 6.01 half brick masonry with first class brick above and ground level etc.

(a) In cement mortar 1:3 2 x 2.50 x 1.20 = 6.00 sqm 2 x 1.80 x 1.20 = 4.32 sqm

TOTAL = 10.32 sqm

(a) Rs.567.99 / sqm = Rs.5861.65

4/ 18.09 12mm cement plaster

2 x 2.50 x 1.20 = 6.00 sqm cum 2 x 1.80 x 1.20 = 4.32 cum

1 TOTAL = 10.32 sqm (a) Rs.129.80 = Rs.1339.53

GRAND TOTAL = Rs.11239.40 SAY = Rs.11250.00

( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred fifty ) only.

44

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PIG STY

1/ 2.08 Earthwork in excavation in foundation trenches etc.

b) Hard soil ½ x 2.40 x 0.28 x 3.60 = 3.24 cum 6 x 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.90 = 0.486 cum TOTAL = 3.72 cum (a) Rs.147.24/ cum = Rs.547.73 cum

2/ 8.02 supplying and fixing 2nd class straight jungle heart wood round posts and fix in position etc.

6 x 1.50 = 9.00 Rm (a) Rs.199.44/ Rm = Rs.1794.96

3/ 8.04 providing 2nd class local wood work dressed in frames of sill, upright, batten, post, beams etc. as structural members fixed in position complete.

6 x 0.10 x 0.075 x 1.50 = 0.0675 cum 4 x 0.075 x 0.050 x 3.60 = 0.054 cum 6 x 0.075 x 0.050 x 2.40 = 0.054 cum 5 x 0.075 x 0.050 x 4.20 = 0.078 cum 20 x 0.050 x 0.050 x 3.60 = 0.18 cum 8 x 0.050 x 0.050 x 2.40 = 0.048 cum

TOTAL = 0.4815 cum (a) Rs.9885.78/ cum = Rs.4760.00

4/ 14.01 providing CGS sheet roofing fixed with hooks, bolts, nut etc.

e) 0.63 mm thick with zinc coating.

4.50 x 3.20 = 14.40 sqm (a) Rs.287.91/ sqm = Rs.4145.90 GRAND TOTAL = Rs.11248.59 SAY = Rs.11250.00 ( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred fifty ) only.

45

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL WIRE MESH FOR CLIMBERS ie –chow chow, grape, passion fruit etc.

1/ 2.03 Earthwork in excavation in foundation trenches etc.

b) Hard soil 20 x 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.75 = 2.83 cum

(a) Rs.205.02/ cum = Rs. 580.20 2/8.02 supplying and fixing 2nd class straight jungle heart wood round post and fixed in position.

20 x 1.20 = 24.00 Rm

(a) Rs.199.44/Rm = Rs.4786.56

3. Providing and fixing 4mm dia GI wire, fixed with necessary hooks, nails in position etc complete

30 x 16.00 = 480 Rm 40 x 17.50 = 700.00 Rm TOTAL = 1180 Rm

(a) Rs.5.00/ Rm = Rs.5900.00 GRAND TOTAL = Rs.11266.76

SAY = Rs. 11250.00

( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred fifty ) only

46

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF TERRACE

Length of terrace = 12.60 metres Width of terrace = 1.20 metres Nos. of terrace = 20 nos.

1/ 2.03 Earthwork in excavation exclusive of compensation of earth in- b) Hard soil

20 x ½ x1.20 x 0.985 x 12.60 = 148.932

(a) Rs.75.51/cum = Rs.11245.85

SAY = Rs.11280.00

( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred eighty ) only

47

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF CHICKEN SHED 1/ 2.08 Earthwork in excavation in foundation trenches etc b) Hard soil

6 x 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.85 = 0.459 cum ½ x 2.40 x 0.75 x 3.60 = 3.24 cum

TOTAL = 3.699 cum (a) Rs.147.24/ cum = Rs. 544.64 cum

2/ 8.02 supplying and fixing 2nd class straight jungle heart wood round posts and fix in position etc.

6 x 1.50 = 9.00 Rm (a) Rs.199.44/ Rm = Rs.1794.96

3/8.04 providing 2nd class local wood work dressed in frames of sill, upright, batten, post, beams etc. as structural members fixed in position complete.

6 x 0.10 x 0.075 x 1.50 = 0.0675 cum 8 x 0.050 x 0.050 x 2.40 = 0.048 cum 20 x 0.050 x 0.050 x 3.60 = 0.18 cum 4 x 0.75 x 0.050 x 3.60 = 0.054 cum 6 x 0.075 x 0.050 x 2.40 = 0.054 cum 5 x 0.075 x 0.050 x 4.20 = 0.078 cum

TOTAL = 0.4815 cum (a) Rs. 9885.78/ cum = Rs.4760.00

4/14.01 providing CGS sheet roofing fixed with hooks, bolts, nut etc e) 0.63 mm thick with zinc coating

3.20 x 4.50 = 14.40 sqm

(a) Rs.287.91/ sqm = Rs.4145.90

GRAND TOTAL = Rs.11245.13

SAY = Rs.11250.00

( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred fifty ) only.

48

ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF INDIVIDUAL WATER TANK

1/ 2.03 Earthwork in excavation exclusive of compensation of earth in-

b) Hard soil ½ x 3.935 x 2.50 x 2.80 = 13.77 cum (a) Rs.75.51/ cum = Rs.1039.77

2/ 4.02 providing and laying cement concrete 1:2:4 etc.

a) all works up to foundation and plinth level

2.60 x 1.80 x 0.15 = 0.702 cum (a) Rs.4270.23 = Rs.2997.70

3/6.01 half brick masonry with first class brick above and ground level etc.

a) In cement mortar 1:3 2 x 2.50 x 1.20 = 6.00 sqm 2 x 1.80 x 1.20 = 4.32 sqm

TOTAL = 10.32 sqm (a) Rs.567.99/sqm = Rs.5861.65

4/ 18.09 12mm cement plaster

2 x 2.50 x 1.20 = 6.00 sqm cum 2 x 1.80 x 1.20 = 4.32 cum

1 TOTAL = 10.32 sqm

(a) Rs.129.80 = Rs.1339.53

GRAND TOTAL = Rs.11238.66 SAY = Rs.11250.00

( Rupees eleven thousand two hundred fifty ) only

49

DRAWING FOR VARIOUS ACTIVITIES

HEART WOOD POST

GI WIRE

40 M

30 M

50

PLAN AND DRAWING FOR PIG STY

PLAN

HEART WOOD POST

2.40 m

3.60m

SPACE FOR PIC 1.20 X 1.80

0.90m

1.20 m

1.20 m

0.60 m

0.90 m

GCI SHEET ROOF

FRONT ELEVATION

51

PLAN AND DRAWING FOR INDIVIDUAL WATER TANK

1.80 m

BRICK WALL

BRICK WALL

2.50 m

1.20 m

52

PLAN AND DRAWING FOR CHICKEN SHED

PLAN

HEART WOOD POST

2.40 m

3.60 m

SPACE FOR CHICKEN

1.20 m

0.90 m

0.90 m

GCI SHEET ROOFING

FRONT ELEVATION

G.L

53

DRAWING FOR LOW COST DUG-OUT POND

PLAN

1.80 m

2.50 m

1.20 m

ELEVATION

PCC 1:2:4

BRICK WALL

G.L

54

PLAN AND DRAWING FOR TERRACE

TERRACE 12.60 X 1.20

12.60 m

1.20

0.30

HILL SLOBE

TERRACE

CROSS SECTION

55

MICRO-WATERSHED WORK PLAN FOR ONE CLUSTER AREA UNDER IWMP

AFFORESTATION + REGERATOPM + CONTOUR SUNDS + CONSTRUCTION OF WATER BODIES – TO CHARGE WATER SOURCES

SPECIFIED SPACING + WATER SUPPLY WITH CROPS IN TERRACING, HALF MOON TERRACE ETC.

AGRICULTURE CROPS, PISCICULTURE WITH REGULAR WATER SOURCES, (MULTIPLE CROPS WILL BE INTRODUCED.)

RIVER / RIVULETS

I- TIER. RIDGE AREA

III – TIER AGRICULTURE CROP AREA

II- TIER HORTICULTURE CROP AREA

Ephemeral Streams become Perenial

56

57

Documents

AREA : 5000 Ha Project Cost : 750.0 Lakhs Khawzawl Ngaizawl …mizorural.nic.in/file/IWMP_2011_2012/Champhai/CHAMPHAI... · 2014-01-06 · 4 can be used both for human consumption