e114 P21 / British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 52 (2014) e75–e127

Conclusion: Whilst iatrogenic common peroneal nerveinjury is well documented, peroneal nerve palsy followingsurgery unrelated to the lower limb is rare and usuallyreported without an identifiable cause. We believe these casesshould be flagged up due to the common use of TEDS withinour surgical discipline.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.07.214

P113

The Application Of Endoscopes in Oral and MaxillofacialSurgery

Meera Samani ∗, Yusuf Gadiwalla, Mark McGurk

Guy’s Hospital, London

Aim: To assess the use of endoscopes within oral andmaxillofacial surgery.

Materials/methods: A literature search in Ovid MED-LINE between 1946 and January 2014 was conducted using“endoscopy”, “maxillofacial surgery”, “sialoendoscopy”,“temporomandibular”, “implants”, “endodontics” and “oralcancer” as search parameters. Case reports were excludedfrom the search results.

Results: 28 articles were identified and reviewed.Microendoscopes were found to have applications inmanagement of non-neoplastic salivary gland patholo-gies, arthroscopy of temporomandibular joints, implan-tology, endodontics, oral cancer detection, manage-ment of maxillofacial fractures and evaluation of largelymphangiomas.

Conclusion: Endoscopy was introduced by PhillipBozzini in 1806 with a rigid rod system. Further refine-ments produced semi-rigid endoscopes as small as 2 mmin diameter. In 2000 a new generation of microendoscopeswere produced with diameters of 0.2-1.1 mm, adding anew dimension to surgery. The literature demonstrates anincreased interest in their application with a three-foldincrease in rate of publication and an increased range ofapplications of the technology. They permit visualisation ofmicro-compartments within the body, opening up new oppor-tunities in the Head and Neck setting for minimally invasivetherapy.

A popular application of mini endoscopes is for TMJarthroscopy and facial trauma management. The reduceddiameter of microendoscopes allows for reduced traumato tissues, permitting arthroscopy, sialoendoscopy, implan-tology and evaluation of lymphangiomas to be carriedout under local anaesthetic in the outpatient setting.Employment of fluorescent molecules targeted at cancersurfaces and other pathology is imminent. This will fur-ther increase the significance of microendoscopes in thespecialty.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.07.215

P114

Are Developing Countries Showing Us The Way For-ward?

Suleman Anwar ∗, K. Rajaram, S. Clark, T.K. Blackburn

Manchester Royal Infirmary

Introduction/Aims: Gutkha is a universally recognisedcarcinogenic agent and is a common cause of oral cancer.

A developing nation like India banned the sale, manufac-ture and distribution of gutkha and all its variants. Gutkha isbanned in most of India under the Food Safety and Regulation(Prohibition) Act.

The aim of this study is to raise awareness and highlightthe ease of availability with which this detrimental product isobtainable in the UK, with no restrictions on age of the user.

Materials/Methods: Gutkha was obtained from as manycommercial vendors as possible within a 7 mile radius inGreater Manchester.

Results: Gutkha was easily obtained from more than tenvendors all within a 7 mile radius in Greater Manchester. Noage restrictions were applied to any of the sales.

Conclusions/Clinical Relevance: The addictive nature ofgutkha is a widespread issue, with studies showing that over5 million children under the age of 15 years are addicted togutkha. A study in Southern India showed that 95% of oralcancer amongst women was due to gutkha use.

It is of grave importance therefore that the availability ofgutkha in the UK be assessed. The multicultural society inwhich we live has seen in recent years, an increase in the casesof oral cancer relating to immigrant populations from Asiaand Africa. It is high time that we as a Maxillofacial fraternityraise awareness into the ease of availability in obtaining thisproduct in the UK.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.07.216

P115

Poster withdrawn

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.07.217

P116

Histopathology reporting of oral mucosal malignancies,nodal excisions and neck dissection specimens associatedwith head and neck carcinomas.

Louise Dunphy ∗, R. Brown, S. Parmar, T. Martin, P.Praveen

The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham

Introduction: Optimal reporting of specimens from thehead and neck requires a partnership between the surgeonand oncologist. The Royal College of Pathologists providesstandards and datasets for histopathology reporting of oral