ARCHAEOLOGY OF MALAYSIAARHEOLOGIJA MALEZIJE

byAssoc. Prof. Dr. Mokhtar SaidinCENTER FOR GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH

(CENTAR ZA ARHEOLOŠKA ISTRAŽIVANJA)UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

mmokh@usm.my

BUKIT BUNUH: 1.83 Ma

Niah

Tabon

Leang Burung 2

MANSULI:253,000 Ka

Rongrien and Moh Kiew

Tham Kuong, Dieu, Nguom

Jawa:1 Ma Flores:1 M SUNDALAND

LOKACIJA MALEZIJE: MALEZIJA PRIJE 18 000 GODINA- SUNDALAND

Ancient Human Migratory RoutePUT MIGRACIJE DREVNIH LJUDI

ARCHAEOLOGY AS A SCIENCEARHEOLOGIJA KAO NAUKA

Archaeology?ARHEOLOGIJA?1. Discovery?

OTKRIĆE?2. Honest?

POŠTENJE?3. Accurate?

PRECIZNOST?4. Scientific?

NAUKA?

“TRACING THE MINDS OF THESE EARLY POPULATION IS FASCINATING. THEY WERE THE EARLIEST ‘SCIENTISTS’ WHO OBSERVED, EXPERIMENTED AND DISCOVERED ‘NEW’ THINGS TO HELP THEM ADAPT TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT “

PRAĆENJE UMOVA OVIH RANIH POPULACIJA JE FASCINANTNO. ONI SU BILI PRVI “NAUČNICI” KOJI SU POSMATRALI, EKSPERIMENTIRALI IOTKRIVALI “NOVE” STVARI KOJE BI IM POMOGLE U PRILAGOĐAVANJU NOVOM OKRUŽENJU

HOW DO WE KNOW THIS?KAKO ZNAMO OVO?

SURPRISINGLY, IT IS THROUGH A COMBINATION OF MODERN SCIENCE AND SOCIAL SCIENCE THINKING

IZNENAĐUJUĆE, OSTVARUJE SE KOMBINACIJOMNAČINA RAZMIŠLJANJA MODERNE I DRUŠTVENE NAUKA

AGE? WHEN?:THE DATING TECHNIQUE

STAROST? KAD?TEHNIKA DATIRANJA

• Radiocarbon (Carbon-14)• Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)• Thermoluminescence (TL)• Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)• Electron Spin Resonance (ESR)• Potassium-Argon (K-Ar)• Fission Track

CENTER FOR GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH

2009

MALAYSIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT1987

CENTER FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH

MALAYSIA 1995

DATA

1987

TAMPANIAN?

HRONOLOŠKISLIJED: 1987

DATA

2009

Bukit Bunuh

HRONOLOŠKISLIJED: 2010

BUKIT BUNUH-NALAZIŠTE IZ PALAEOLITIKA:DOKAZ STAR PREKO 1.8 MILIONA GODINA

Bukit Bunuh (STRANE PALEOLITIKA): in situ open site with evidence of tool-making workshop

Bibir Kawah

Dalam KawahTengah Kawah(Bukit Bunuh)

Blok Granit

Blok GranitBlok Granit

nemen negatif

Linemen positif

Meteorite Impact (UDAR METEORITA) in Bukit Bunuh,Lenggong

1.83Ma: Handaxe embedded in suevite

KAMENI “SUEVITE”

KAMENI ALAT “HANDAXE”

CT-Scan

STONE TOOLSKAMENI ALAT

TECHNOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF PALAEOLITHIC TOOLS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

TEHNOLOGIJA I KLASIFIKACIJA PALEOLITSKOG ALATA U JUGOISTOČNOJ AZIJI

ANVIL

HAMMERSTONE

CORE

PEBBLE TOOL

FLAKE TOOL

DEBITAGE

1 2

2

1a 1b

3 4 5

1 23

1 2 3 4

1. The first meteorite impact site in the country that has a chronometric dating

2. Has revealed an evidence of meteorite impact activity in Malaysia at 1.83 million years ago

3. The first site in the region with suevite stone

4. The first site in the region with evidence of the use of suevite stone in Palaeolithic culture

HOMINOID BONE?

GUA GUNUNG RUNTUH, LENGGONG, PERAK:

SKELET ČOVJEKA IZ PERAKA OD PRIJE 10 000 GODINA

The skeleton with knees drawn up to the chestin situ

FOETAL POSITION

POLOŽAJ FETUSA

A reenactment of the burial position

GENDER?ROD?

• Absent of preauricular sulcus• Curved sacrum• Non-spacious and funnel-shaped pelvic basins• Large teeth and heavy jaw• Straight and flat chin

MALE

Skull of the Perak Man

Ventral view of the sacrum, with fragments of iliac bones and one segment of the coccyx attached

Age?STAROST?

• Toothwear points towards old age• Closure of the cranial sutures• Lipping of vertebral bodies• Thinning of the shoulder blades

Suggests age 40-50 years old

Genetic Anomaly?GENETSKA ANOMALIJA?

• Short and abnormal 2nd and 3rd middle phalanges of the 3rd digit of left hand

• The proximal phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits on the left are curved toward the palm

• Shorter lower left arm bone• Backbone shows scoliosis• Left radius is about 3.5 cm shorter than the right

Brachimesophalangia (type A2)

Posterior view of the left and right humerus.Note the suoratrochlear foramen in the olecranon fossa

Volar view ofthe right and left radius and ulna.Note the short bones of the left forearm

Left second and third proximal phalanges andthe third malformed middle phallanx

POTTERY: GRNČARIJA IZ NEOLITIKA

THE LONGEST SEA TRADING ROUTE DURING THE NEOLITHIC PERIODNAJDUŽI MORSKI TRGOVAČKI PUT U PERIODU NEOLITA

BRONZE AXESBRONZANA SJEKIRA IZ METALNOG DOBA

WIDER DISTRIBUTION OF BRONZE MAKING IN MAINLAND SOUTHEAST ASIA

UMJETNOST NA KAMENU

MALEZIJA - NAJSTARIJI PRIMJER UMJETNOSTI NA KAMENU,10 000 GODINA

BUJANG VALLEY: RANA CIVILIZACIJA - PRVI VIJEK N.E.

SUNGAI BATU

GUNUNG JERAI

RANE TRGOVAČKE MREŽE

SB1B- RITUAL STRUCTUREOSL dating (bricks)- 110AD: NAJSTARIJI MONUMENT U

JUGOISTOČNOJ AZIJI

SB2A- IRON SMELTING- 60AD (first CENTURY AD): TOPLJENJE GVOŽĐA

Mikroskop Metalurgi

Pembesaran 200µm

Sampel sisa besi

Fe

Fe

SB1A- RIVER JETTY PLATFORM (RIJEČNI DOK)OSL dating (bricks)-

1,740 +/-25 years ago (AD269)

Bal• ni da•a catvari Vai••ra dy•ni y•ni ca(1)A•••da•a ca buddh•n•m Dharmma•ve• ik• hi ye (2)Bu(ba?)l•ni da•a catvari Vai••ra dy•ni y•nica (3)A•••da•a ca buddh•n•m Dharmma•ve• ik• hi ye (4)Ye prat•tya •amut pann• Na te kecit•vabh•vatah (5)Ye •vabh•v• na vidyante Na te••msambhavah kvaciti (6)J•n•te ya Im• ko•i Mako•i (ja?)gatas sam•(7)Tasya kot• gatam jñ•nam Sarvvadharmme•u varttate (8)

ZAPISI

• MINOR PACKAGE- UNDERGRADUATE• MA AND PhD- Thesis (MAGISTAR & DOKTOR)• Archaeological Research (ARHEOLOŠKO

ISTRAŽIVANJE)• Consultant/Exhibition (IZLOŽBA)/etc

CGAR@USMMI NUDIMO

SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS