APUSHBell Work:

What are the key principles of the United States Constitution? Who were some of the major thinkers & ideas behind the Constitution?

The PlansVirginia Plan- James Madison (proposed by Edmond Randolph)• Proportional representation• National bicameral legislature (upper elected by the lower)• National executive• National judiciary appointed by the legislature

New Jersey Plan- William Paterson• 1 state = 1 vote- favors the small states• Mediating monarch

Connecticut Plan- Roger Sherman• Bicameral Congress with one house proportional and one

equal representation• 3/5ths compromise

Constitutionalism• Limited Government• Popular Sovereignty• Separation of Powers• Checks and Balances• Federalism• Judicial Review

Federalism• National Level… President, Congress, Supreme Court• State Level… Governor, Assembly, State Courts• Local Level… Mayor, Council, Municipal Court

Constitutionalism• Written limiting document (must be written down vs.

British common law)• Supremacy Clause- Supreme Law of the Land• Elastic Clause- “necessary and proper clause”

Powers• Concurrent Powers (both)• Delegated Powers (federal)• Reserved Powers (state)