April 8, 2014 Webinar: Botany 101 and Tricky Phenophases
Slide 2
Do you seeflowers or flower buds? Yes, Flowers or flower buds
No, Open Flowers Yes, Flowers or flower buds Yes, Open flowers Yes,
Flowers or flower buds No, Open flowers Photos: Ellen G Denny
Slide 3
Leaf bud? Flower bud? Photos: Ellen G Denny No, Flowers or
flower buds No, Open Flowers Yes, Flowers or flower buds Yes, Open
flowers Yes, Flowers or flower buds No, Open flowers
Slide 4
Do you seeopen flowers? Grass flowers are tiny and
inconspicuous, and grouped into a spikelet Spikelets are grouped
into an inflorescence
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Flowers and flower heads One or more fresh flower heads
(inflorescences) are visible on the plant. Flower heads, which
include many small flowers arranged in spikelets, emerge from
inside the stem and gradually grow taller. Include flower heads
with unopened or open flowers, but do not include heads whose
flowers have all wilted or dried. Left Photo: Ohio State Weed Lab
Archive, Ohio State University, Bugwood.org. Right photo: James
Lindsey at Ecology of Commanster via Wikimedia Commons
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Do you seeinitial growth? Initial growth: New growth of the
plant is visible after a period of no growth (winter or drought),
either as new green shoots sprouting from nodes on existing stems,
or new green shoots breaking through the soil surface. For each
shoot, growth is considered "initial" until the first leaf has
unfolded. Left Photo: Arizona Sonoran Desert Museum
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Female conifer seed cones
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Male conifer pollen cones
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What is intensity? Less than 5% 95% or more 5-24%25-49% 50-74%
75-94% How many buds are breaking? Less than 3 3 to 10 11 to 100
101 to 1,000 1,001 to 10,000 More than 10,000 What percentage of
the canopy is full with leaves? If you answer Yes or Uncertain to a
phenophase you may be asked an additional question about the degree
to which the phenophase is expressed, for example:
Slide 10
How many flowers are present? Photo: Kroton via Wikimedia
Commons Less than 3 3 to 10 11 to 100 101 to 1,000 1,001 to 10,000
More than 10,000
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What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? Photo: Anette
Schloss Start with a bare tree no leaves
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What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? Imagine it
fully leafed out
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* Ignore dead branches in your estimate. Photo: Anette Schloss
What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? Less than 5%
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5-24% What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? Photo:
Anette Schloss
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What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? 25-49%
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What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? 50-74%
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What percent of the canopy is full with leaves? Photo: Anette
Schloss 75-94%
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Photo: Anette Schloss What percent of the canopy is full with
leaves? 95% or more
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Leaves: 25-49% Colored leaves: 25-49% Leaves: 95% or more
Colored leaves: No Photo: Anette Schloss Leaves: 95% or more
Colored leaves: 75-94%
Slide 20
USA National Phenology Network Photo credit: LoriAnne
Barnett