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42510011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011
Applying Usage Data to Collection Management
in Libraries & Consortia
Jason S. Price, Ph.D.Science & Electronic Resources LibrarianClaremont Colleges’ Libraries; SCELCBetter Data, Better Business: Applying Usage Data in Scholarly publishing
June 6, 2007 Society for Scholarly Publishing Annual Meeting. San Francisco, CA
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Major questions• Which titles should we keep or
cut?– Highest use/value vs. Lowest
use/value
• Which titles should we add?– Most requested (Traditional & Web)
• Which package provides highest or lowest value?
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Use and Value
1. Determining cost per use2. Comparison with ILL cost3. ‘By-title’ data4. Comparison across
Publishers1. html? pdf? combined (FTAR)?
5. Need for context
4251
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011Overall cost per use=1 year’s cost / 1 year’s requests
e.g. $58,600 publisher E-access fee 35,700 article views
$1.64 Cost per use* $420,000 mandatory cost of subs (to
agent) for a subset of these same titles
$420K + $ 58.6K = $478,600 / 35,700 = $13.40
Determining Cost Per Use
?
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Overall cost per view by Subs Type
Cost per view by access type
$30.51
$0.81
$13.41
$0
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
All Titles Subscribed Titles[n=192]
Unsubscribed(Leased) Titles
[n=345]
Access Type
Co
st p
er v
iew
[n=537]
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Comparison with ILL cost
Package CPV = $13.40
What does this tell us?
• Is it High? Low?
• Better than ILL?
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Which titles to keep/cut: By-title data
Combined 3yr use
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Challenge: Usage report granularity
Title-level use statistics• Currently reported per title• Can’t separate frontfile use from
backfile use– Backfile may be previously purchased or freely
available
• Ultimately cost per use should be based on what customers are paying for– Issue of repository / free backfile use
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Which titles should be added?
• Still largely determined by faculty request
• Journal Report 2 (turnaways) is under-utilized by libraries and publishers
• (see example for Consortia near the end)
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Cross-package comparison
So Pkg 1 is a better value than Pkg 3?
pkgIDTotal Use SubsCost UnSubsCost Overall PPV1 140048 $1,652,000 $182,000 $13.102 20341 $333,000 $10,000 $16.863 13572 $282,000 $21,000 $22.33
CPV
It might not be…
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Variation in use by format
Davis and Price, 2006 JASIST
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html to pdf Ratios vary widely for these packages
352 5684066
13004
32688
48047
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
1 2 3Package
# o
f vi
ews
html viewspdf downloads
1:1.3 1:23
1:12
How many pdfs in Pkg 1 are duplicates of html views?
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Live Link
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S3. Package value revisited
pdf requests only tell a different story!
pkgID Est. pdf Use SubsCost UnSubsCost Overall PPP1 83469 $1,652,000 $182,000 $21.972 18734 $333,000 $10,000 $18.313 13287 $282,000 $21,000 $22.80
CPP
pkgIDTotal Use SubsCost UnSubsCost Overall PPV1 140048 $1,652,000 $182,000 $13.102 20341 $333,000 $10,000 $16.863 13572 $282,000 $21,000 $22.33
CPU
vs.
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Implications
• Publisher interface/content types can have major influence on cost per view
• Linking tools can have significant disruptive effects on CPV calculations
• It is unclear whether pdfs vs FTARs are ‘better’ for cost comparisons
THUS: Within publisher comparisons are more valid than between publisher comparisons
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0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011SCELC Package 'W' Overall Price per Use
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Member (Sorted by decreasing spend)
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
vie
w
Use
dat
a n
ot
aval
iab
le
Consortium
Benchmarks for context
4251
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$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Member (Sorted by decreasing spend)
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
vie
w
Use
dat
a n
ot
aval
iab
le
Consortium
16: Low value?
4251
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011SCELC Package 'W' Overall Price per Use
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Member (Sorted by decreasing spend)
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
vie
w
Use
dat
a n
ot
aval
iab
le
Consortium
16: High value?
4251
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011SCELC Package 'W' Overall Price per Use
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Member (Sorted by decreasing spend)
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
vie
w
Use
dat
a n
ot
aval
iab
le
Consortium
16: The value of context
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Questions for Consortia
• Is cost/value fairly distributed among members/participants?
• How can value/attractiveness be maintained or increased for current and future participants?
• License renewals– do pricing terms need to be renegotiated?
4251
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011SCELC Package 'W' Overall Price per Use
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Member (Sorted by decreasing spend)
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
vie
w
Use
dat
a n
ot
aval
iab
le
Consortium
Equitable distribution of value?
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Year to year comparisonSCELC Package 'E' Price per Use
$8.54
$4.06
$0.00
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
Year
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
text
art
icle
req
ues
t
2005 2006
Two-Tailed Paired T(df = 15) = 2.13p = 0.0244
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Year/Year by institution
SCELC Package 'E' Price per Use by Member
$0.00
$5.00
$10.00
$15.00
$20.00
$25.00
$30.00
$35.00
$40.00
$45.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Member
Pri
ce p
er f
ull
tex
t ar
ticl
e re
qu
est
20052006
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JR2 Turnaways by Journal: Collaborative Collection Management
2004 2005 2006
ChemInform ChemInform ChemInform
Journal of Molecular Recognition
Journal of Molecular Recognition
Journal of Molecular Recognition
Journal of Peptide Science Journal of Peptide Science Journal of Peptide Science
Ment Retard and Dev Disab Ment Retard and Dev Disab Ment Retard and Dev Disab
Electroanalysis Electroanalysis ChemMedChem
Reviews in Medical VirologyChemical Engineering & Technology - CET
Reviews in Medical Virology
Int J Robust and Nonlinear Control Prenatal Diagnosis Prenatal Diagnosis
The Chemical RecordHuman Psychopharmacology
International Journal of Cancer
ChiralityPolymer Engineering and Science
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Single MoleculesProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Conclusions1. Price is an integral part of use evaluation
– Recognize that libraries need to base expenditures on actual return on cost
2. Meaningful cross-publisher comparisons are difficult (but will still be sought)
3. Context is crucial for within-publisher comparison
– Consortial statistics provide valuable benchmarks– Cross-year comparisons can indicate increasing
value– Use consortial context to identify ideal institutions
for additional sales (added titles, backfiles, etc)