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7/29/2019 Applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Hydraulics
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APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL
FLUID DYNAMICS IN HYDRAULICS
ADITYA KARAN
ABHIJEET SAVANT
TEJAS SHINDE
NINAD PRABHUNE
Guided By :
Prof. G.A. Hinge
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COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYANAMICS
Computational fluid dynamics/CFD, is a branch of fluid
mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to
solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows.
Complicated geometry.
Equations in fluids can be complex.
Thus use of computers as a computational tool.
Gambit is used to create the geometries and the
computational grid for the problem. Fluent ,a finite volume solver, is used to solve the discrete
RANS equations.
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Applications of CFD
Used in solving different hydraulic problems .
Used in aerodynamic study .
Used in sports. Used in designing air conditioning systems .
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METHODOLOGY FOR SOLVING A PROBLEM
IN CFD
DEFINE GEOMETRY.
MESHING.
SET BOUNDARY CONDITIONS. SET INITIAL CONDITIONS.
SIMULATION.
POST PROCESSOR.
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In an incompressible fluid the conservation of mass implies
that an equal volume must flow through each location.
HYDRAULICS BASICS
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Work done to move fluid from area1 to area 2
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The mass in each section is given by-
So the net work to raise the fluid from area 1 to
area 2 is
Change in the kinetic energy of the fluid is equal to the work done onthe fluid- conservation of energy
BERNOULLIS THEOREM
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CALIBRATION OF VENTURIMETER
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ABOUT VENTURI METER
The Venturi meter was invented by the Italian GiovanniVenturi in 1797.
To measure the volumetric flow rate of fluids.
GEOMETRY-Venturi meter there is first a convergingsection.
Then there is a short section at the reduced diameter,known as the throat of the meter.
Then there is a diverging section in which the crosssectional area for flow is gradually increased to theoriginal diameter.
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Venturi meter details(FM Lab)
Inlet Diameter= 2.5cm
Throat diameter= 1.6cm
Inlet diameter= outlet diameter Length of inlet pipe=50cm
Length of convergent section=3.5cm
Length of divergent section=6.5cm
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Formulae For Calculating Discharge
C = a1a2(2g) / (a1-a2)
a1 = Area at inlet pipe.
a2 = Area at throat section. C= Coefficient of venturi meter.
Qth= CH
Qth = Theoretical Discharge. H= Difference in venturi head.
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Qact= C.CdH
Qact=Cd Qth
Cd= Coefficient of discharge.
C= 9.75 10-4
* Cd is introduced in the equation because to
take loss of energy into account.
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Comparison between lab and fluent resultsH Lab (cm) H Fluent (cm) Cdlab CdFluent
30 29.1 0.93 0.923
22.1 20.90 0.92 0.9243
9.6 13.63 0.93 0.9250
5.0 5.8 0.92 0.9420
4.0 3.59 0.89 0.8980
1.80 1.96 0.90 0.8790
H = Difference in Venturi Head Cd= Coefficient of discharge of venturimeter
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Geometry and Meshing
Figure showing grid and geometry of venturi meter
Meshing size- 0.01cm resolution
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Different Cases
Case1- discharge=0.412lps (contours of velocity and pressure)
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Case 2- discharge= 0.33lps
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Case 3- discharge= 0.219lps
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Case 4- discharge=0.166lps
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Case 5- discharge=0.12lps
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APPLICATION OF VENTURIMETER
It is used to calculate the velocity and flow
rate of fluids in running through a pipeline.
Used in-
Plumbing- in waste water treatment plant.
Chemical industries- crude oil pipelines.
Carburetors- to control the inflow of air. Medical fields- to measure the flow of blood.
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Inference till date
The Avg. Cd found to be was 0.923 but the
theoretical value of the Cd is usually taken as
0.98.
So, we need to optimise the design of the
venturi meter.
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Objectives
Learning CFD (completed)
Simulation of Venturi meter. ( completed)
Calibration of venturi meter (completed ) Optimisation of venturi meter. (Still working)
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Future Plans
To calibrate different types of flow meters in
CFD .
To simulate and analyse different problems in
hydraulics in CFD .
To explore the innovative world of
computational fluid dynamics in CIVIL
ENGINEERING
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Problems Suffered
Due to absence of actual hardware
requirements the project suffered a set back.
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REFERENCES
"ANSYS FLUENT Flow Modeling Software." Welcome to ANSYS, Inc. -Corporate Homepage. Web. 4 Sept. 2009..
"A Brief History of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) from Fluent." CFDFlow Modeling Software & Solutions from Fluent. Web. 18 Oct. 2009..
"Reynolds Number." Engineering ToolBox. Web. 9 Nov. 2009..
"Reynolds Number." NASA - Title...Web. 03 Dec. 2009.. 26
Computational Fluid Dyanmics By Anderson.
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