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Application of Application of HyGIS-QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2E : : TheThe User-Friendly CoupledUser-Friendly Coupled QUAL2E Model with Korean QUAL2E Model with Korean Hydrological GISHydrological GIS Package, Package, HyGISHyGIS
Chungbuk National University, Korea
Sung-Rong, HA. And In-Hyeok, Park*.
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Contents
HyGIS-QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2ESystemSystem
IV. Conclusion
III. Development & Paradigm
II. Design Concepts and Algorithms
I. Introduction
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
Background
Requirements of environmental models can estimate and analysis environmental change are increasing,
To estimate the change using models, processes that are collecting concrete and a lot of parameters are needed
Preparation of the model parameters takes long time and techniques trained.
Focused on being able to carry out modeling effectively, it is necessary to minimize time required for collecting input data and analyzing the data.
For offering convenient modeling conditions, • Ensure the scientific technologies getting spatial
information for applying model to real-world• Minimize the process that create input file and
display output file
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
Objective
Overcome handicaps of traditional method developed for coupling GIS with environmental model
It can be ensured the objectivity and scientific processes
Development of knowledge-based water-quality- evaluative system that coupling HyGIS with Qual2e model
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
Scope
Development of HyGIS-Qual2E system use the HyGIS that is specified on characteristics of Korea’s watershed
It is divided into pre-processing and post-processing
Pre-Processing • Automatically calculating the parameters for modeling -
> creating input file
Post-Processing• Development of module to display the result of modeling• Development of Calibration and verification module to
control re-action parameters
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Relational Database based system User-friendly system
It can be connected with variable analysis system
• Using data ware house that include hydraulic, hydrological and spatial information
• To control the datum effectively, DB is designed to be relational
• Standardization of modeling process
• Minimizing processes and check the result in real time
•Coupling system GIS with Environmental model•No need additional processes
Introduction
Component-based decision-making system
Coupling system
Scope
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
HyGISTM(Hydrological Geographic Information System)
A GIS-based system specified on the Korea characteristics of watershed
Easy constructing the required spatial information
Easy analyzing the topography of stream
Database system
A Based system for developing application
This engine is based on GEOMania™ package
<Concepts Diagram of HyGISTM>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
Qual2E
<Qual2E Constituent Interactions>
A steady-state water analysis program based on the uniform flow consumption
The study river has to be divided into several consecutive reaches
Reaches are divided into the elements with the same spatial step for calculation
Elements are control volume have same hydraulic characteristic
The Reach have catchments supplied water and pollution load from tributary
Delivery pollution loads allocate the reach from catchments
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Introduction
Using programming languageCreate DatabaseDebugging & test
Design modulesDesign functionsDesign database
StandardizationDesign data flowStrategy for developing
Analysis input fileAnalysis output fileClassificationDefine data flow
Development
Design the module (function)
Design the Concept
Structural analysis
Order of Development
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Datum of climate
Parameters of re-aeration
Information of pollution
Headwater
Information of junction
Initial condition of Temp, BOD, DO, N, P, Algae
Re-action parameters of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae
Hydraulic parameters
Data of incremental
Data of catchments of each reach
Length and condition of reaches
Parameters of temperature
BOD, DO, N, P, Algae
Basic information for modeling
climate
Re-aeration
Point pollution
Headwater
Junction
Initial condition III
Initial condition II
Reaction parameters
Hydraulic parameters
Incremental
Catchments
Reach information
temperature
Various parameters
Control data
표제 자료
Qual2E Input Data
GIS Data
Delivery Coeff.
Hec-Ras
Hec-Ras
Hec-Ras
Hec-Ras
Input data
GIS Data
Design concepts and algorithmsStructural analysis
- Input File
Incremental information of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Information of elements
Control data
Re-aeration
Point source pollution
Headwater
Junction
Initial conditions
Re-action parameters
Hydraulic parameters
Incremental data
Catchments of reach
Spatial information
Parameters of Temp.
Various parameters
Control
Title data
Result of HEC-RAS
incremental of BOD, DO
Using delivery
coeff.
GISThe user
Users defined Automatic
Structural analysis- Classification
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Develop the special interface program to connect simulation models of water quality and GIS software
One who has lack of GIS knowledge can use the system easily Needed Time to develop is of brief duration GIS and environmental model can be used independently
GIS
Env. ModelsDBMS
Middle Processor
Pre-processor
Post-processorValue
Input File (Automatic)
Output File (Automatic)
Design concepts and algorithmsStructural analysis
- Flexible coupling Scheme
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2E
Input file & Spatial
information
Output file
Data warehouse
HyGIS
Design concepts and algorithmsStructural analysis
- Concept sketch of hyGIS-QUAL2E
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Design the concept – Standardization
Qual2E Modeling
Division reach
Division element
Define prosperities of element
Define hydrological coeff. per reach
Building stream network
Import the Hec-Ras result Coordinate of reach Length of mainstream Coordinate of element Layers for defining property of element Coordinate of reach Starting/ending coordinate of mainstream
Input file for Modeling Parameter of Modeling output file of Modeling
sf, Area Layer of pollution load Watershed map
DEM, Agree Burn DEM Flow Direction & Accumulation Mainstream
DIV
ISION
SEC
TIO
ND
EL
IVE
RY
CO
EF
F.
Overlaying the watershed maps
Input Data
Allocation of water quantity Watershed map, Area
MODELING
Save the result of Hec-Ras on the HyGIS-DB Calculate a length of mainstream Reach division considering length Finding element which is the shortest length between members of layer and mainstream After designating headwater, Divide a watershed using coordinate of reach
Create a input file for modeling using HyGIS-DB Receiving parameter, modifying the input file Calibration & verification using output of modeling
Calculate of Using Divided Watershed Assignment of delivered pollution using overlaying watershed layer and pollution layer
• Using Component of HyGIS
Strategies of Development
Distribution of water quantity using watershed area
N.P.S load per provinces
Tracking the outlet point of pollusion
Create input file
Sub-catchment division
Calculating delivery coeff.
Calibration/Verification, chart
Create diagram
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
HyGIS Qual2E Model
Spatial Data
DBDBDB
Non-Spatial Data
DBDBDB
Data Warehouse Pre-Processor
Post-Processor
Create input file
Element division
P.S. load into element
Sub-catchments division
Calibration/Verification, chart
VALUE
Input Data
Input DataOutput Data
Input DataInput Data
Simulation
Model
Input Data
Middle Processor
Ext. Data(ASCII)
Hec-Ras
DeliveryCoefficient
Building stream network
Division reach
Definition of Hydrological Coefficient per Reach
Allocation of water quantity
Calculation of Delivery coeff.
Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the concept – Structural
design
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Height and Velocity are calculated Using Hec-Ras Input data : a section of stream, water quantity 3 set
or more per section Draw the dispersion of Q-V, Q-H per a section All of the Reach have same hydraulic condition Hydraulic coefficients per Reach apply to Qual2E
Cross Section
Flow Rate
HE
C-R
AS
Hydrograph
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2kum River (Up Stream)
Q Total (m3/s)
Hyd
r De
pth
C (
m),
Vel
Ch
nl (
m/s
)
Legend
Hydr Depth C
Vel Chnl
V = aQb H = Q
<Q-V, Q-H Rating Curve>
Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the Module – Division
Reach
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Calculating the length of Reach along the direction of stream (Lreach)
Saving length of Element defined by users (Lelement)
Divided number of Element per (Ei) = Lreach/ Lelement
After reiterating the calculation as the number of Reach, Calculating the total number of element(ΣEi)
Mediated Length of Element=Lstream/ ΣEi
Define the prosperities of Element(Headwater, Junction, etc.)
Reach
Length of element
Element Element Element Element E
The element is divide into five
Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the Module – Division
Element
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Using the outlet point of reach, watershed is divided
Spatial information about divided watershed and entire watershed are calculated and saved.1
23
4
Creating outlet point Transferring data
DEM
Grid
1
2
34
Division watershed
Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the Module – Division
watershed
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Design the Module – Calculation of N.P.S. pollution load
Calculating of discharged pollution load per catchments
• Overlaying divided watershed map and province map -> calculating the area of province in catchments
• Using ratio of the area and unit pollution load of province, discharged pollution load is calculated
Define the delivery coefficientPM = PO × KK = e -Φ · Sf
Calculation of regressive equation
Delivery coefficient, K calculate using value of Sf and Φ
Calculating the delivery pollution load using K
LkL
면적
Kg/d/L = Kg/d/m(Kg/d/m) × Lk = discharged pollution(Kg/d/m) × Lk ×K = delivered pollution
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Design the Module – Calculation of P.S. pollution load
Tracking the outlet point of pollution on the stream and allocating the pollution load on the element
DEM Flow direction
Extracting Outlet Point
Flow accumulation
TAV
Calculating Threshold Accumulation value
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<tracking the P.S. pollution using Flow Path
<allocation N.P.S. pollution loads using overlaying maps
<Watershed><Watershed> <Pollution Loads><Pollution Loads> <Overlaying><Overlaying>
Using overlaying watershed map and pollution load map
Delivery coefficients are taken role in each catchments as a weight
Allocating the pollution on catchments Calculating pollution loads
Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Calculation of
pollution loads
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Data Model
-OBJ-OID
Recordset
-HYDROID : long
HydroRecordset
-REF_HYDROID : long
DrainagePoint<Geometry : point>
-DrainID : long
Drainage
-NAME : String-AREA : double-NEXTDOWNID : long-REF_HYDROID : long-SLOPE : long
DrainageArea<Geometry : polygon>
-ARC_ID : long-SNODE_ID : long-ENODE_ID : long
ArcRecordset
-HYDROID : long-HYDROCODE : String-NAME : String-LENGTH : long-DIRECTION : Integer-NEXTDOWNID : long
HydroEdge
-HYDROID : long-LENGTH : double
Schematic_Link
-FTYPE : String-REF_HYDROID : long
HydroPoint<Geometry : point>
-HYDROCODE : String-NAME : String
Hydrography
-LENGTH : double-SLOPE : double-NEXTDOWNID : long
DrainageLine<Geometry : polyline>
Spatial Data model Non-Spatial Data model
-a : long-b-c-d-Manning-WC_BOD-WC_TN-ORGANIC_N-AMMONIA_N-NITRATE_N-WC_TP-OGRANIC_P-DISSOLVED_P-DO-INCREMENTAL-ELEMENTCOUNT
datReach
-Ident_Val-Name-RQ-DO-BOD-Organic_N-Ammonia_N-Nitrite_N-Nitrate_N-Organic_P-Dissolved_P
datElement
-NP_BOD-NP_TN-Pi_BOD-Pi_TN-K_BOD-K_TN-K_TP-DP_BOD-DP_TN-DP_TP
datWatershed
Input File(ASCII)
Output File(ASCII)
-RID-EID-Temp-CM_1-CM_2-CM_3-DO-BOD-ORGN-NH3N-NO2N-NO3N-SUM-N-ORGP-DISP-P-SUM-P-COLI-CHLA-ANC-K1-K2-K3-K4
datResult_Water
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Algorithm
Input File(ASCII)
QUAL2E
Input Data
DBDBDB
Dataware House
Output File(ASCII)
Output Data
DBDBDB
QUAL2E Modeling
Re-action parametersK1, K3, K4
Calibration/Verification
Result of modelingRe-action parameters
Display the result
OK?
END
NO
Yes
TransferingProcess
Design concepts and algorithms
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Development & paradigm
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<Reach 분할 UI>
<Division Reach>
Development & paradigm
<Division Reach UI>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<Division Element UI>
<Division Element>
Development & paradigm
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<allocating and tracking pollution UI>
<allocating and tracking pollution>
Development & paradigm
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<Division Watershed>
<Overlaying Analysis>
Development & paradigm
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Development & paradigm
<Calculating discharged pollution>
<Calculating delivery coefficient>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Development & paradigm
<Allocating flow>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
<Creating input file UI>
<Created input file>
Development & paradigm
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Development & paradigm
<Calibration/Verification>
<Modification of re-action parameters>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Development & paradigm
<Result Viewer>
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Conclusion
This research aims to develop a program HyGIS-Qual2E by which an input data file of the river water quality model can be prepared automatically
HyGIS-QUAL2E is water quality analysis system based on DBMS
Because DB is established relationally, Datum can be managed and transferred effectively
It is not necessary additional process, probability of occurring errors and spending time for modeling will be decreasing.
Environment System Engineering Laboratory
Conclusion
Gives the model users to be convenient handling of the model
Suggest the established rule for preparation Users can cope with the difficulties to expend
the utilities of the program to wider