SPECIES FACT SHEET

Scientific Name: Chamonixia caespitosa Rolland

Division: EumycotaSubdivision: BasidiomycotinaClass: AgraicomycetesOrder: BoletalesFamily: Boletaceae

Conservation Rankings and Status: Global: G5National: NUState: OR S1, WA Not rankedOregon Biodiversity Infromation Center (ORBIC) List 2(Ranks from ORBIC, http://orbic.pdx.edu accessed January 24, 2014)

Type Locality: Chamonix, France

Technical Description: Morphological habit Sequestrate Fruiting body 20-30 x 13-20 mm, subglobose to flattened, whitish, silky to finely hairy, bruising blue. The base is indented around the stipe. Peridum seperates, silky fibrillose, 0.4 mm thick. White to buff turing blue when bruised or cut. No peridium is present around the stipe. Gleba oblong chambers that change form white to dark brown with maturity and stains blue when the gleba is white at youth. Odor pleasant. Colulmella bruises blue and extends across the fruiting body to the pseudo stem (stipe). 0.5 mm. Stipe 4x3mm, narrows towards the base with white rhizomorphs. Basidiospores 18-20.5 x 13-15µm, elliptical with a short appendage. Longitudinally ribbed, brown in KOH and brown when mature. Basidia 4 spored.

Life History: Mycorrhizal Fruits June-November.

Range, Distribution and Abundance: Species is known from Europe, Asia, and North America. Growing in a clumpy distribution. In the Pacific Northwest, known from: WA Olympic Peninsula, Western Cascades North, Eastern Cascades; OR Coast Range; CA Coast Range. Detections in CA on Praire Creek Redwoods SP. In Oregon and Washington, known from approximately 13 sites.

FS/BLM lands in Oregon and Washington: Detections in WA on National Forest Lands: Olympic NF, Okanogan-Wenatchee NF and Mt Baker-Snoqualmie NF. Detection in OR on Siuslaw NF, Rouge River-Siskiyou NF and Salem BLM District.

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Habitat Associations: It has been found in association with the roots of hemlock species and Pacific silver fir in high elevation forests and western hemlock, Douglas fir and, Sitka spruce in coastal forests.

Threats: Since this species is mycorrhizal, actions that disturb soil or stand conditions and remove overstory hosts trees could eliminate populations. These include logging that removes its presumed mycorrhizal host and other actions that cause disturbance to the soil, particularly road, trail, and campground construction.

Conservation Considerations: Maintain habitat at known Federal sites by retaining forest structure and soil conditions. The predomination of extant populations in high recreational use areas exposes them to adverse impact due to management or recreational activities, particularly damage to host trees and disturbance of soil occupied by host tree roots. As a mycorrhizal species, Chamonixia caespitosa forms symbiotic associations with the fine root systems of plants, growing out into the soil matrix. Consider incorporation of patch retention areas (as described in Standards and Guidelines 1994, C-41) with occupied sites wherever possible.

Other pertinent information (includes references to Survey Protocols, etc): The survey protocol for sensitive fungi is located on the ISSSSP website: http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/sfpnw/issssp/documents/inventories/inv-sp-fu-ver1-2008-12.pdf.

The survey protocol for Survey and Manage fungi is located on the Survey and Manage website: http://www.blm.gov/or/plans/surveyandmanage/protocols/

Prepared by: Helen Lau, Okanogan-Wenatchee National ForestDate: April 2013

Edited by: Rob Huff, BLM/FS Portland, OregonDate: January 2014

ATTACHMENTS:(1) References(2) Map of Species Distribution(3) Photographs of Species

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ATTACHMENT 1: References

Ammirati, J. 1994. Endangered, threatened and sensitive macrofungi of Washington State. Official Letter to C. Turley, Science team leader, Washington State Dept. of Natural resources. Dated March 26, 1994.

Arora, David. 1979. Mushrooms Demystified - A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Ten Speed Press, Berkeley, California. 959 pp.

Castellano, M.A. & T. O’Dell. 1997. Management Recommendations for Survey and Manage Fungi. Version 2.0.

Castellano, M.A., J.E. Smith, T. O’Dell, E. Cazares, and S. Nugent. 1999. Handbook to Strategy 1 Fungal Species in the Northwest Forest Plan. PNW-GTR-476.

Cushman, Kathleen and Rob Huff. 2007. Conservation Assessment for Fungi Included in Forest Service Regions 5 and 6 Sensitive and BLM California, Oregon and Washington Special Status Species Programs. R6 USFS and OR/WA BLM Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program (ISSSSP). http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/sfpnw/issssp/planning-tools/

Ferriel, Jenifer and Katie Grenier. 2008. Annotated Bibliography of Information Potentially Pertaining to Management of Rare Fungi on the Special Status Species List for California, Oregon and Washington. R6 USFS and OR/WA BLM Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program (ISSSSP).http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/sfpnw/issssp/planning-tools/

GeoBOB query (BLM Oregon/Washington database; also contains FS Region 6 fungi information), Febuary 2012.

Kropp, B. R and Trappe, J.M. 1982. Ectomycorrhizal Fungi of Tsuga heterophylla. Mycologia 74(3):479-488.

Lawrynovicz, M. 2001. Threats to hypogeous fungi. In Fungal conservation: Issues and Soulutions. Ed. Moore, D., Nauta. M.M., Rotheroe, M. and Evans, S.E. Cambridge University press, Cambridge UK. p. 95-104

Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. 2013. Survey and Manage Assessments: Rank Assessments. Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, Oregon State University. Portland. http://orbic.pdx.edu/rare-manage.html

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Rolland, L. 1899. Excursion a Chamonix - ete et automne 1898. Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 15:73-78

Smith, A.H. and Singer, R. 1959. Studies on Secotiaceous fungi- IV Gastroboletus, Truncocolumella and Chamonixia. Brittonia 11(4): 205-223.

Trappe, M., Evans, F. and J Trappe. 2007. Field Guide to North American Truffles: Hunting, Identifying and Enjoying the World’s Most Prized Fungi. Ten Speed Press, Berkley, CA. Trudell, Steve and Ammirati, Joe. 2009. Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press, Portland, OR. p.255.

USFS Forest Service. 2012. Natural Resource Information System (NRIS). http://fsweb.nris.fs.fed.us/

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ATTACHMENT 2: Map of Species Distribution in OR/WA

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ATTACHMENT 3: Photographs of Species

Photos by Scott Loring, used by permission

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