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Appendectomy is the removal of the inflamed appendix. In an open, conventional, and uncomplicated appendectomy, the surgeon removes the appendix through an incision approximately 3 inches long in the right lower quadrant. The incision is larger if the appendix is in a typical position or if peritonitis is present. Acute appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, the narrow, finger-shaped organ that branches off the first part of the large intestine on the right side of the abdomen. Although the appendix is a vestigial organ with no known function, it can become diseased. In fact, acute appendicitis is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in the world. If it is not treated promptly, there is the chance that the inflamed appendix will burst, spilling fecal material into the abdominal cavity. The usual result is a potentially life- threatening infection (peritonitis), but the infection may become sealed off and form an abscess. Appendicitis is uncommon among older people, and symptoms are generally mild, so that diagnosis of the acute episode is often not made. Members of this age group are thus at greater risk for rupture with peritonitis or abscess formation. What Causes Acute Appendicitis? Appendicitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, although the reason the appendix becomes infected is unknown. The appendix may become obstructed by a lump of feces, calcium salts, and fecal debris (called fecaliths) or tumors (rarely), leading to inflammation and infection.

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Page 1: Appendectomy

Appendectomy is the removal of the inflamed appendix. In an open, conventional, and uncomplicated appendectomy, the surgeon removes the appendix through an incision approximately 3 inches long in the right lower quadrant. The incision is larger if the appendix is in a typical position or if peritonitis is present.

Acute appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, the narrow, finger-shaped organ that branches off the first part of the large intestine on the right side of the abdomen. Although the appendix is a vestigial organ with no known function, it can become diseased. In fact, acute appendicitis is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in the world.

If it is not treated promptly, there is the chance that the inflamed appendix will burst, spilling fecal material into the abdominal cavity. The usual result is a potentially life-threatening infection (peritonitis), but the infection may become sealed off and form an abscess.Appendicitis is uncommon among older people, and symptoms are generally mild, so that diagnosis of the acute episode is often not made. Members of this age group are thus at greater risk for rupture with peritonitis or abscess formation.What Causes Acute Appendicitis?

Appendicitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, although the reason the appendix becomes infected is unknown.

The appendix may become obstructed by a lump of feces, calcium salts, and fecal debris (called fecaliths) or tumors (rarely), leading to inflammation and infection.

Swelling and inflammation lead to infection, blood clot, or rupture of the appendix. Lymphoid hyperplasia is associated with inflammatory and infectious disorders such as Crohn 

disease, measles, amebiasis, gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and mononucleosis.Symptoms of Acute Appendicitis

In very young children or people over age 65, symptoms of acute appendicitis may be deceptively mild. Otherwise, symptoms can vary widely and may include the following:

Vague discomfort or tenderness near the navel (early in an attack), migrating to the right lower quadrant of the abdomen

Sharp, localized, persistent pain within a few hours

Page 2: Appendectomy

Pain that worsens with movement, deep breathing, coughing, sneezing, walking or being touched

Constipation and inability to pass gas, possibly alternating with diarrhea Low fever (below 102°F). A high fever (possibly accompanied by chills) may indicate an 

abscessed appendix Rapid heartbeat Abdominal swelling (in late stages) Abrupt cessation of abdominal pain after other symptoms occur, indicating the appendix has 

burst—an emergency Nausea and vomiting (in some cases)