APPEAL and NeutrinosAdvanced Physics with Photons Electrons And Lasers -Leptons

Hiro Ejiri RCNP Osaka JASRI Spring-8, ICUJuly 29, 05

A view from the Ejiri’s

probes

are complementary

e

W s* u u d d

Pi +Pn ~0

I. LEPS ProjectI. LEPS Project 　 　 1994 -91994 -9 　　 ---- 200---- 200ｘｘ

1. RCNP New frontier projects, 1. RCNP New frontier projects, Quark Quark Lepton (Neutrino) Nucleon(H.R) Nuclear Physics Lepton (Neutrino) Nucleon(H.R) Nuclear Physics

2. Quark Nuclear Physics with Laser Electron Photons2. Quark Nuclear Physics with Laser Electron Photons

(multi GeV :Eg ~ k E(multi GeV :Eg ~ k Eee22 polarized g’s) polarized g’s)

from from Spring 8Spring 8 (highest quality E (highest quality Eee=8=8 GeV GeV 　　 3. Agreement of JASRI & RCNP, and start3. Agreement of JASRI & RCNP, and start 　　 R&D.R&D.

Directors H. Ejiri and Directors H. Ejiri and H. Kamitsubo.H. Kamitsubo. 　　 M. Date(JAERI)M. Date(JAERI)

II. PEARL Idea Photon Electron Accumulator Ring Lab. II. PEARL Idea Photon Electron Accumulator Ring Lab.

1998. New ring for E1998. New ring for E– sub. 8 GeV. Electrons with 4 10– sub. 8 GeV. Electrons with 4 103333/ cm/ cm22 sec. sec.

It is timely to start LEPS II in 2004. 9. It is timely to start LEPS II in 2004. 9.

GeM Photons :GeV-MeV Laser Electron photonsGeM Photons :GeV-MeV Laser Electron photons GeM LEPS Spring-8 are unique probes Real photons in a wide energy range of multi GeV – MeV Energy spectra with peak at the max energy. Polarizations ~ 100 % for E1-M1 vector axialvector

Present talk Present talk I. APPEAL and Neutrinos: EM/I. APPEAL and Neutrinos: EM/ versus Weak/ versus Weak/

II. EM/II. EM/ probes for Quark Nuclear Physics probes for Quark Nuclear Physics

II. EM/II. EM/ probes for Lepton/ probes for Lepton/-DM nuclear -DM nuclear physicsphysics

III. Concluding RemarksIII. Concluding Remarks

---Comments on the LEPS II project --- ---Comments on the LEPS II project ---

Advanced Physics with Photons Electrons and Neutrinoshttp://www.spring8.or.jp/e/conference/appeal/

I. APPEAL and NeutrinosI. APPEAL and Neutrinos 　　

　 APPEAL is of great interest for quark nuclear physics

　　　　 Physics interests to be studied in nuclear physics　　　　 Constituents & Interactions of Universe/Cosmology

　 A. Fundamental properties of ’s beyond SM 　　　 Simple weak particle,, is a key for new physics,

　 B. Dark Matter and Super symmetry particle (LSP Neutralino). 　　 　 Major mass of the universe, and a key for new symmetries.

C. Origins and structures of Baryons and Nuclei. Major strongly interacting particles , astro- nuclear physics.

probesfor mass nature, CP. for nuclear response.

DM LSP scattering off nuclei, for DM nuclear interactions

/N-probes for QCD hadron structures and interactions

Nuclear Nuclear EW(EMEW(EM　　Strong(Strong(N,K,N,K,probesprobes

1. DM, 1. DM, , Baryons are studied in nuclear, Baryons are studied in nuclear micro laboratories,micro laboratories,

with nucleons in quantum states, to select / enhance signals.

2. Here, DM, , quark/barion nuclear responses are crucial.

3. EW(EM 3. EW(EM ,) and Strong( N,K,,) and Strong( N,K,) probes are ) probes are complementary.complementary.

can becan beprobe,probe,tagged quark/meson ( tagged quark/meson ( K- =K+)K- =K+)

EM probe

K, Meson

Tagged quark probe

Gluon probe

II. EM/ probes for Quark nuclear physics

A. Quark spin-flavor waves in a nuclear mediumA. Quark spin-flavor waves in a nuclear medium Nucleon spin isospin wavesNucleon spin isospin waves GT GT resonance (Fujita Ikeda 1964) resonance (Fujita Ikeda 1964) r resonance (Ejiri Fujita Ikeda 1968)r resonance (Ejiri Fujita Ikeda 1968)

Q+() = aiQi coherent/in-phase sum over nucleons in one HO shell.

Resonance with enhanced cross section at high/low excitation region

、 resonances/waves : crucial in astro-nuclear reactions and transmutations

[ H.T ] ~ ET, T = Y

Quark spin isospin waveQuark spin isospin wave

N

Flavor-spin wavesFlavor-spin waves

*

N X

K K

Flavor spin flip = Anti-s Strangeness flip d s

X :

X can be at rest by

K N

X

B. Spin parity of + 　 spin observables　

Triple spin correlation

) - ) - (0)]/[(0)]/[) + ) + (0)] = -1 at (0)] = -1 at reaction plane, reaction plane,

Ri = Rf with R = P exp(i Sn), Sn = even/odd as Pi=+/- Pf

Linear pol. Perpendicular –Parallel ＋ Initial and final N spin up

incrases at if + is positive and p-wave K decay. remains -1 at if + is negative and s-wave K decay. Here is the angle of K+ to the incident N in the rest frame. A. Titov, H. Ejiri, H. Haberzettl, K. Nakayama. PR D C71 (2005) 035203

A. Titov, H. Ejiri, H. Haberzettl, K. Nakayama. PR D C71 (2005) 035203

C. Nucleon/Baryon spin carriers: C. Nucleon/Baryon spin carriers: ud, ss*, orbital, gluonsud, ss*, orbital, gluons

M1/E2 moments (diagonal and transition moments ) M1/E2 moments (diagonal and transition moments ) by pol. by pol. asymmetry to probe spin carries. asymmetry to probe spin carries.

HIGS 0.01 GeV for D M1/E1 excitationsHIGS 0.01 GeV for D M1/E1 excitations LEGS 0.1 GeV for LEGS 0.1 GeV for q-spinflip and orbital excitationq-spinflip and orbital excitation

LEPS 1 GeV for flavor non-pertabative QCDLEPS 1 GeV for flavor non-pertabative QCD

1. s-s1. s-s spin content.spin content.

C.f. C.f. beam for s content beam for s content

III. EM/probes for Weak/-LSP

DM, DM, , Baryon study in nuclear, Baryon study in nuclear micro laboratoriesmicro laboratories

Nuclei , being made of nucleons in quantum states, are excellent micro-laboratories to study fundamental physics interests,

enhancing & selecting signals/BG’s. decays in nuclei, where -exchange between 2 n is enhanced by

107, and BG single is forbidden. DM, , quark/barion nuclear responses are crucial.

Neutrino and Neutralino Neutrino and Neutralino sectors in nuclear physicssectors in nuclear physics

Neutrino nuclear physics Neutrino nuclear physics

-mass, spectrum, nature Majorana, -mass, spectrum, nature Majorana,

CP-phases by 0CP-phases by 0withwithmeV.meV.

TT = | = |MM <m<m>|>|2

H. Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review PaperH. Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review Paper

DM/LSP nuclear physics DM/LSP nuclear physics

TTD = | = |MMD ||2DM

J. Vergados H.Ejiri, PLB606 2005 313J. Vergados H.Ejiri, PLB606 2005 313

Astro Astro nuclear reaponse nuclear reaponse

Present

Nuclear probes for Nuclear probes for response studies response studies EW(EMEW(EM　　Strong(Strong(N,K,N,K,

Charged (Charged () and neutral () and neutral (33) )

Vector (Vector (SS S=0) and axial vector ( S=0) and axial vector (S S S=1) S=1)

Isospin <Isospin <YYLL> and spin isospin <> and spin isospin <YYLL>>JJ

00 L=0,1, L=0,1,22,3,4,5, E < 50 MeV,3,4,5, E < 50 MeV Supernova Supernova L = 0,1. E < 50 MeV L = 0,1. E < 50 MeV Weak, EM, and hadron probes for spin isospin responses for Weak, EM, and hadron probes for spin isospin responses for

H. Ejiri, Phys. Rep. 338 (2000) 265.H. Ejiri, Phys. Rep. 338 (2000) 265.

I. Photons : neutral & charged weak currentsI. Photons : neutral & charged weak currents

z=5,5z=6,6T,Tz=6,6

z=5,5

,Tz=5,4

z=4,4

S

+ A = A’ for + A = + A’, + A = IAS B for + A = + B, + A = p + B for + A = + B <f M| i> = /e <f | eM |T- i> = /e (2T)1/2 <f | eM | IAS>

H. Ejiri PRL 21 ’68, H. Ejiri PR 38 ‘78

H.Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review PaperH.Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review Paper

Photo-excitation of IASPhoto-excitation of IAS　　

Cross sectionCross section 　　　　∫∫ dE = k dE = k h B(EM-L)h B(EM-L) Use IUse I ~ 10 ~ 10 ８ /0.2 MeV, T ~ 30 m/0.2 MeV, T ~ 30 m ｇ ｇ / MeV, / MeV, t ~ 0.2 MeVt ~ 0.2 MeV 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 B(EMB(EM １）　　 １）　　 (EM 1) mb(EM 1) mb 　　　　　　

Y/secY/sec E1 E1 　　　　　　 0.5/(2T) 0.5/(2T) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5050 M1 0.3/(2T) 0.15 M1 0.3/(2T) 0.15 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 44

HIGS (High EnergyHIGS (High Energy source) and RCNP source) and RCNP

Linear pol. Linear pol. EE = 2~5 MeV = 2~5 MeV by 670 nm laser off 0,3 ~ 4 by 670 nm laser off 0,3 ~ 4 GeV e.GeV e.E1/M1 strength on D E1/M1 strength on D from azimuthal distributionfrom azimuthal distribution

B(M1) EM excitation byB(M1) EM excitation by HIGS Tornow et al., HIGS Tornow et al., B(MI) (B(MI) (77Li, Li, 77Be) charge Be) charge

exchange reaction at RCNP exchange reaction at RCNP Osaka S. Nakayama….Ejiri….Osaka S. Nakayama….Ejiri….

Electron probes for weak responsesElectron probes for weak responses

..

e+ e -

C

A.A. 　　　　 Probe E MeV I Probe E MeV I cm2 Reaction T- Mo Yield /y cm2 Reaction T- Mo Yield /y Electron 20 1 mA 10Electron 20 1 mA 10-40 (e, (e,) 10 gr/cm2 1.1 105) 10 gr/cm2 1.1 105 Positron 20 1012/s 10Positron 20 1012/s 10-40 (e, (e,) 10 gr/cm2 1.8 102) 10 gr/cm2 1.8 102

* 20 MeV electron range 12 gr/cm2* 20 MeV electron range 12 gr/cm2

Experiments Experiments Real time measurements with highly segmented detectors to Real time measurements with highly segmented detectors to reduce accidental coincidence from EM processes.reduce accidental coincidence from EM processes. Off-beam Off-beam activity of B* to get total strength. activity of B* to get total strength.

B. Internal beam L ~ 4.10B. Internal beam L ~ 4.1033/cm/cm2s Y / y = 12 for s Y / y = 12 for = = 1010-40

IV. Concluding remarksIV. Concluding remarks　　 1. LEPS-2 is encouraged, as well as neutrinos and DM physics, 1. LEPS-2 is encouraged, as well as neutrinos and DM physics, A. To promote further the quark nuclear physics programs forA. To promote further the quark nuclear physics programs for non-perturbative QCD through quark nuclear spectroscopy.non-perturbative QCD through quark nuclear spectroscopy. B. Nuclear response studies for B. Nuclear response studies for and DM LSP studies . and DM LSP studies .

2. LEPS 1-2, together with high-resolution nuclear spectroscopy at 2. LEPS 1-2, together with high-resolution nuclear spectroscopy at Osaka and Osaka and -LSP at Oto, are complementary to each other, and -LSP at Oto, are complementary to each other, and are potential bases of a new COE at East Asia,are potential bases of a new COE at East Asia, APPEAL (Advance Physics with photons, Electrons And Leptons)APPEAL (Advance Physics with photons, Electrons And Leptons)

3. The COE of nuclear physics was established in 1990’s to promote 3. The COE of nuclear physics was established in 1990’s to promote low-energy nuclear physics at Osaka/Oto/Spring-8. Let’s startlow-energy nuclear physics at Osaka/Oto/Spring-8. Let’s start the new APPEAL, to be complementary to J-PARK, J-lab, LNG, etc. the new APPEAL, to be complementary to J-PARK, J-lab, LNG, etc. with existing core facilities (8-GeV symchrotron-ring, with existing core facilities (8-GeV symchrotron-ring, 0.25 GeV linac, Oto lab. Ring) and0.25 GeV linac, Oto lab. Ring) and with core groups from thewith core groups from the East-North-West universities in Japan, Asia, and in the world.East-North-West universities in Japan, Asia, and in the world.

APPEALAPPEAL Advanced Physics with Photons Electrons And LeptonsAdvanced Physics with Photons Electrons And Leptons

SK/KamLANDUnderground lab.-osc. K2K, T2K. 　 　/ SN, the sun and earth,

J-PARC Japan Proton AcceleratorResearch Complex3-50 GeV p, K, n.

KEK e-collider B-fatoy CP,

RCNP Osaka p,He

Cyclotron -res.

Oto under ground lab., DM in nuclei

Spring-8 8 GeV e, GeV- MeV pol. quark-nuclei

RIKEN HI cyclotron

New COEAPPEAL

RCNP Osaka Research Center for Nuclear Physic

Present talk , Neutrinos and photons for symmetries and

spin physics, A, B, and C.

mass at Oto underground lab. and

future project MOON

B. -nuclear responses by nuclear probes at RCNP and probes at J-PARC

C. GeV-MeV photons for quarks and astro nuclei.

J-PARC3GeV p

Nuclear responseNuclear responseforfor 2 real s-wave 2 real s-wave ’s via GT and F states. GT-GR cancels, and low ’s via GT and F states. GT-GR cancels, and low ST with effective gST with effective gAA derived from experiments. derived from experiments.

H. EjiriPR 338 02

7676Se(n,p) at 0.198 GeV TRIUMF Se(n,p) at 0.198 GeV TRIUMF Helmer et al.PR C55 ’97, 2802Helmer et al.PR C55 ’97, 2802

State MeV GT(np) pn MState MeV GT(np) pn M

0.05 ~0.1 A0.05 ~0.1 A 2.65 ~ 0.16 B2.65 ~ 0.16 B 0.047/me, 0.047/me, 22Exp. 0.065.Exp. 0.065.

SCSS SCSS Impact on science should be considered. Impact on science should be considered.

A half Billion Project at Spring-8 from 2005 for 0.1 nm FElA half Billion Project at Spring-8 from 2005 for 0.1 nm FEl

http://www-xfel.spring8.or.jp

The 8 GeV linac/synchrotron are of potential interest for effective use.The 0.25 GeV linac is of potential keV X-rays to produce 8 GeV

Low energy NeutrinosLow energy Neutrinos Complementary to GeV-MeV Complementary to GeV-MeV 　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　p + Hg p + Hg n n　　++ 　　　　　　+　+　　　

eeee

Intense ( ~1015/sec) ’s with 1 MW p, time structures and spectra in the E region of the astro nuclear particle physics interest.

ntense of 1015/sec and large detectors(10 tons) for ~ 10-41-42 cm2

　　　　 Source E GeV 　 Np N 　 Detector SNS 9.5 1015 　 9.4 1014 NuSNS J － PARC 　　 3 　 2 1015 　　 4 1014 MOON-type

　 J-PARC is of potential interest for low energy beams.H. Ejiri NIM, 503 (2003) 276 H. Ejiri NIM, 503 (2003) 276 　　　　 H. Ejiri Nucl. Phys. Proc. 2005 NuFact 04H. Ejiri Nucl. Phys. Proc. 2005 NuFact 04

NuSNS http://www.phy.ornl.gov/nusns/

ReferencesReferences NuclearNuclear responses review H.Ejiri, Phys. Rep. 338 (2000) 265. responses review H.Ejiri, Phys. Rep. 338 (2000) 265. Review Review H.Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review Paper H.Ejiri, JPS(2005) Invited Review Paper

ELEGANT ELEGANT H. Ejiri, et al., Phys. Rev. 65 (2001) 065501 H. Ejiri, et al., Phys. Rev. 65 (2001) 065501

MOON MOON solar solar H.Ejiri, J.Engel, G.Hazama, P.Krastev, H.Ejiri, J.Engel, G.Hazama, P.Krastev,

N.Kudomi,N.Kudomi, R.G.H.Robertson, Phys, Rev. Lett.,85 (2000) 2917R.G.H.Robertson, Phys, Rev. Lett.,85 (2000) 2917

Supernova Supernova H.Ejiri, J.Engel, N.Kudomi, PL B530 (2002) 27 H.Ejiri, J.Engel, N.Kudomi, PL B530 (2002) 27

Rev. Rev. and and -responses -responses H. Ejiri Nucl. Instr. Methods, 503 (2003) 276 H. Ejiri Nucl. Instr. Methods, 503 (2003) 276 H. Ejiri Nucl. Phys. Proc. 2005 NuFact 04H. Ejiri Nucl. Phys. Proc. 2005 NuFact 04

NNR05 WorkshopNeutrino Nuclear Responses in and Low-energy Astro-’s

Dec. 2-4, 2005.CAST visit SPring-8

1. Nuclear responses for 2. Charge exchange reactions for ’s 3. Astro nuclear interactions4. Nuclear EM /e and weak probes for nuclear responses. 5. DM and Related subjects.

http://www.spring8.or.jp/e/conference/appeal/nnr05/ ,

NDMNDM WelcomeWelcome

EMEM ・・　　 as a as a partner of partner of

Electro-Weak Electro-Weak

/LSP/LSP 　　 　　

NDM03 H. Ejiri I. Ogawa

Thank you for attention