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Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Local Planning Agency Management and Planning Skills
APA 2017 National Conference #9104378
Wayne Feiden, FAICP Joel Mills Eva Friedman Hull
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Management and Planning Skill Sets Wayne Feiden, FAICP, Director of Planning & Sustainability, Northampton, MA, Lecturer of Practice, U of Massachusetts
Democracy Skill Set Joel Mills, Director of Communities by Design, American Institute of Architects
Sustainability Skills Set: Trends from Education Eva Friedman Hull, Civic Engagement and Service Learning and Regional Planning Graduate Student, U. of Massachusetts
APA 2017 National Conference #9104378
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Leadership “Nations Talk but Cities Act”
NOT: charismatic NOT: expert
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Communication & Core Value Proposition Vision & Mission Statements
Community Vision
Public Realm
Private Realm
Core Value Proposition
Planning IS political
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
System Thinking & Design Thinking Be Upstream!
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Right Time for Community Change
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planning Team recruit, retain, develop, diversity
Private Sector Government
Technical Expertise
Quit & Stay
No rules Creative problem solver
Make the system work
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planning Office Organization Context is Everything!
Current Planning Comprehensive Planning
Sustainability & Resiliency
Community Development
Economic Development
“To be honest, I am not sure why… It has been that way since I have been here”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Entitlements & the Permit Counter
• Single Point of Contact & staff expertise • 24/7 (ALL public records & process) • Apply for project, not permit • Transparency • Check lists • Staff reports
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Sustainability and Resiliency
Equity People Environment
Planet
Economy Profit
Sustain
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Sustainability lives
• In an integrated planning agency • In a chief legislative or executive office • As a free-standing department • Some combination of above
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Sustainability and Resiliency Competencies & Skill Sets
• Environmental planning • Community economic develop. • Social equity • Core sustainability • Core planning
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planning: Competencies & Skill Sets
• Personal skills • Interpersonal skills • Intellectual skills: synthesis and analyze • Profession specific: technical & political • Generic: communication
Source: Dory Reeves
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Priority Mismatches: Coach me!
Planning Managers • Admit weakness • Multiple viewpoints • Embrace diversity • Listening over acting • Careful analysis
Emerging Planners • Set priorities • Advance projects
Source: Dory Reeves
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planning Agency Assessments
• Internal (planning or city manager) • Benchmarking • Peer-review • Consultant review and audits • Programmatic- STAR Communities • Accreditation (future):
• standards, aspirational principles, self-study, peer review, final report.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Metrics and Performance Accountability
• Measure risk (litigation and political risks) • Benchmarking • Indicators • Third party: e.g., STAR Communities
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Mental Models
• Keep it local • Keep it personal • Use health framework • Appeal to loss aversion • Community conversation
Leiserowitz et al 2014
Source: Michele Wick
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The Democracy Skill Set
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
What Success Looks Like
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Our Reality: Every week, 1.4 million people move into cities across the
globe.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The Urban Challenge
As the World Economic Forum has noted, “Cities are evolving faster than at any point in our history, putting them on the cusp of major transformation which, if managed well, could lead to unprecedented economic growth and prosperity for all, but if managed in an uncoordinated manner could drive social, economic and environmental decline.”
Urbanization Rising Inequality Housing Affordability Climate Change Mobility Urban Systems
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Global Democratic Crisis
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
We need to change our orientation to the public
Most of your biggest challenges as planners relate to democracy & scale, not technical planning problems. Politics vs. Math
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Today, we need new skillsets
+
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The field has a 50-yr tradition to build upon…
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
It’s not a linear path: Consider New York
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
There is no top-down solution here
“Zoning, along with other NIMBY-inspired housing and land-use regulations, might be the great invisible problem of modern America.”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Federal Inadequacy
“local leaders who need help no longer have any business traveling to Washington. The nation’s capital has become the site of photo ops, pep talks, news conferences and little else. As Washington fades into the background, the rest of the nation is engaging in a great experiment — can a country successfully invest in its future without the national government being a relevant player?” – Bruce Katz, 2014
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planners vs. the Public
Our “War on Christmas”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
De-mystifying the NIMBYs “NIMBYism – not-in-my-backyard –is rampant in
California, sometimes erupting extemporaneously in response to development
proposals, sometimes driven by misguided environmentalism.” – Sacramento Bee
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
NIMBYs make the case for new democratic skill sets
NIMBYs are NOT naturally occurring
monsters – they are manmade creations The problem concerns democratic practice
and a lack of community dialogue about the future
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
“This seems obvious enough—new development faces less neighborhood resistance when the neighborhood is included in the process from the git-go. But this means more than just holding public hearings, which are dominated by organized neighborhood groups as opposed to average residents.”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Jim Fishkin & the Science of P2
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Dialogue educates and informs
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The real issue: The Expectations Gap
What Government Wants
What the Public Wants
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Example – NYC World Trade Center
Listening to the City brought more than 4,300 people together on July 2, 2002
Key problem: Sponsoring agencies (Lower Manhattan Development Corporation and the Port Authority)wanted feedback on designs, and public wanted input on design. (Consult vs. Collaborate) Outcome: Public rejected all of existing designs and sent the entire initiative back to the drawing board.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Good P2 can build understanding and acceptance…
“They had ideas that we will incorporate on the waterfront and the park. We give them credit for working hard and diligently on the site. We’re going to look at it strongly and we think the job will be a tremendous success.” –Donald Trump, 1990s, following a NYC project
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
“nothing for us without us. We want to know more about the governance of the cities, because we want to be part of
how cities are governed.” - Rose Molokoane, Slum/Shack Dwellers International/South Africa
Demand is rising everywhere
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
American Planning Association (2012) – “More than 50 percent want to personally be involved in community planning efforts, including more than half of Democrats, Republicans, and independents as well as majorities of urban, suburban, and rural respondents.”
No city is “smart” if it’s not democratic No plan or strategy is sustainable unless it involves the
community!
What the Data Tells Us
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Traditional tool box is insufficient Polls/surveys Public hearings Public meetings We must move beyond treating people as
simple consumers or taxpayers, and allow them to be citizens
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The problem with generic/sterile processes
Applying one-size-fits-all to unique local traditions/culture
Inappropriate match for public expectations Pre-determined outcomes Not ‘local’, does not instill civic pride The democratic vernacular: every place is a
unique combination of tradition, culture and experience.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Feb 2014 Survey on IAP2 Spectrum
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
A failure of democracy
2014 International City/County Management Association (ICMA) Survey
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Stakeholder Identification Successful p2 includes identifying ALL of the stakeholders on the bell and involving them.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
How Planning Conflicts Get Framed
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The Fight for Urban Democracy
autocrats: Public Relations -Sponsors decide on a course of
action and then attempt to sell it to the public.
-people can feel manipulated and suspicious
-often hinders them from thinking effectively about problems and challenges because it avoids exposing them to the full dialogue.
-PR seeks “buy-in”
democrats: Public Participation -Sponsors engage public on the
front end in dialogue to help understand the pros and cons of different actions and seek input, consultation, involvement, collaboration
-Builds common understanding of the issue and decision by hearing and understanding all viewpoints and information
-P2 seeks meaningful involvement
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Planners celebrate Jane Jacobs until…
“planners frequently seem to be less equipped intellectually for respecting and understanding particulars than ordinary people, untrained in expertise, who are attached to a neighborhood, accustomed to using it, and so are not accustomed to thinking in generalized or abstract fashion.” – Jane Jacobs
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
“Paradoxically, what is most needed to achieve Jane Jacobs’s vision is to deploy a Robert Moses strategy—redesigning our streets quickly and decisively for an increasingly urban age, this time committed to accommodating population growth and offering residents more options for getting around without a car.”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
A Citizen Idea
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Fremont Troll, Seattle
When urban democracy expands, cities flourish. The placemaking outcomes – and the impact on
people – are nothing short of remarkable.
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Today: NIMBY Mythmaking
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Building Capacity: Burlington, Ontario, Canada
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
“One of the coolest neighborhoods in the nation” - Thrillist
East Nashville
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Portland: The Pearl
“And yet, slowly, a largely forgotten part of Portland’s past became an urban icon of living unlike anything the country had ever seen: A unique blend of verve and vibrancy, with more than a passing nod to Portland’s uncommon brand of originality…. Today, the Pearl District has earned a worldwide reputation for urban renaissance. Diverse, architecturally significant, residential communities thrive here. Galleries rub shoulders with restaurants, shops open to parks, and no one has to squint anymore to see the magic that’s taken hold.”
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Santa Fe Railyard Redevelopment
“It was an experiment in deep democracy. That is the beauty of it –a true community effort, we were all in it
together. It was not created through a hierarchy of controlling leadership.” – Steve Robinson, Santa Fe Railyard
Community Corporation
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
“You gave us hope. Back in 1992, your ideas seemed like dreams. Now we are living those dreams.”
– Rick Smith, San Angelo Times-Standard, 2012
San Angelo, TX
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Let’s go back to our roots….our grassroots
Government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the Earth. --
Abraham Lincoln
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
The Sustainability Skill Set: Trends from Higher Education
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
A new profession?
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
It’s good to be green
stars.aashe.org
Course lists, certificates, degree programs – undergraduate & graduate Centers and institutes Professional training programs Institutional activities e.g. facilities, procurement
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Equity People Environment
Planet
Economy Profit
Sustain
Environmental Studies Environmental Science
Sustainability Management MBA
Sustainable Agriculture; Sustainable Food Systems
Natural Resources Management
Master of Urban Studies
Master of Sustainability Science
Public Health
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Diversity of Disciplines
Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education aashe.org
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Sustainability and Resiliency Competencies & Skill Sets
• Environmental planning • Community economic develop. • Social equity
• Core sustainability • Core planning
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Different disciplines = Different framing
Vincent, S (2016) The Center for Environmental Education Research, National Council for Science and the Environment “interdisciplinary environmental and sustainability” programs
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Assessing curriculum
vs
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
A Tale of Two Programs
Master of Regional Planning M.S. Sustainability Science CORE COURSES
Planning History & Theory (3) Perspectives on Sustainability (3) GIS (3) Ecological Systems - choice (3) Public Participation (3) Urban & Social Systems - choice (3) Quantitative Methods (3) Policy & Economics - choice (3) Research Issues (3) 2 seminars - choice (2) Judicial Planning Law (3) Project/Thesis (6/9) Studio (client-based project) (6) Practicum (4)
SPECIALIZATION / CONCENTRATION CORE COURSES 2 courses (6) 3 courses (9)
ELECTIVES 1-3 courses (3-9) 2 courses (6) TOTAL CREDITS: 48 (30 core) TOTAL CREDITS: 33 (14 core)
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Tapas…
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
…or prix fixe?
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Moving forward
• Transition & rapid growth • Assessment and standards • Transdisciplinary
collaboration • Practice & theory • Ask questions!
Local Planning Agency Management & Planning Skills
Management and Planning Skill Sets Wayne Feiden, FAICP, Director of Planning & Sustainability, Northampton, MA, Lecturer of Practice, U of Massachusetts
Democracy Skill Set Joel Mills, Director of Communities by Design, American Institute of Architects
Sustainability Skills Set: Trends from Education Eva Friedman Hull, Civic Engagement and Service Learning and Regional Planning Graduate Student, U. of Massachusetts
APA 2017 National Conference #9104378