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AP Psych Review
Chapter 9 – Chapter 18
Topics
Intelligence theoristsPersonality theoristsTherapies & approaches
Intelligence theorists
Charles SpearmanRaymond CattellL.L. ThurstoneJ.P. GuilfordHoward GardnerRobert Sternberg
C/C emotional intelligence
1 intelligence – g factor
2 – fluid & crystallizedMultiple intelligences – 7 clustersMultiple intelligences – 150+ Multiple intelligences – 9 smarts3 – triarchic theory
Personality theorists
Biological Galen William Sheldon
Psychodynamic Sigmund Freud Carl Jung Alfred Adler Karen Horney Nancy Chodrow
4 humors or fluidsBody type -- the “morphs”
Resolve conflicts in 5 psycho-sexual stagesCollective unconscious; archetypes; personaSuperiority & inferiority complex; social interestWomb envy
Initial attachment to mom but boys have to reattach to dad
Personality theorists
Humanistic Abraham Maslow Carl Rogers
Trait Gordon Allport Raymond Cattell Hans Eysenck Big 5
Self actualization & hierarchy of needsReal & ideal self; unconditional positive regard
Cardinal, central & 2ndarySource & surfaceExtroversion, neuroticism & psychoticismOCEAN
Personality theorists
Behavioral BF Skinner
Social- cognitive George Kelly Albert Bandura Julian Rotter Walter Mischel
Behavior is personality
Personal constructs & bipolar categoriesReciprocal determinism & self efficacyLocus of controlUnique behavioral signatures & CAPS
Therapies
Psychoanalytic – conflict or trauma in unconscious
Psychoanalysis Psychodynamic therapy Also free association, hypnosis, dream analysis
Humanistic – positive, warm & fuzzy Client-centered therapy & active listening
Therapies
Behavioral – learned a “bad” response that needs to be changed
Systematic desensitization (counter conditioning) Flooding (exposure therapy) Aversive conditioning Behavior modification Token economy Social skills training
Cognitive – how you think Rational Emotive Therapy (Albert Ellis)
A-ctions, B-ehaviors & C-onsequences Cognitive Behavior Therapy (Aaron Beck)
Self, World & Future
Therapies
Biological – chemical imbalance Drug therapy
Anti-psychotics Anti-anxiety Anti-depressants
MAO inhibitors Tricyclics SSRIs
Psychosurgery Electroconvulsive therapy Transmagnetic Cranial Therapy
Last resort!
Remove psychotic symptoms of delusions & hallucinations
Calm down CNS – “chill pills”
Improve mood