Any substance (or food) that is believed to

enhance one’s performance above normal standards.

The use of these substances and practices is controversial.

Drug testing has been

instituted in many sporting programs.

Because of ethical

violations associated with the inequities that result in competition and health problems that can result, use of these substances cannot be condoned!

A stimulant that opens airway passages, and increases alertness.

Found in medications used to treat Asthma Nasal congestion Weightloss

Most widely consumed, self-administered psychotropic drug in the world

• Energy-enhancing effect• Stimulant for brain• Reduces fatigue• Diuretic

Morphine & Codeine Pain management

Side Effects Dizziness Drowsiness Nausea Loss of appetite Hallucinations Highly addictive

Relaxation of blood vessels which slows the heart rate (HR)

Used in sports were physical activity is of little importance

Increase kidney excretion and urine output.

Used to reduce body weight quickly or to decrease a drugs’ concentration in the urine

Wrestlers, gymnasts, dancers, jockeys

Most commonly abused

Used to increase muscle size & strength associated with weight lifting

Commons sports Power lifters Throwing events Football Baseball

Produced by pituitary Increases

Muscle growth Bone & connective

tissue Weight

Decrease body fatSide effects

Closure of growth plates Heart defects Kidney & liver disease

Produced in kidneys Increase RBC d/t

low oxygen levels Increases body’s

ability to transport oxygen to working muscles

Used by endurance athletes/sports

Blood is removed and stored, then reinfused after at least 6 weeks

Increases the body’s ability to transport oxygen to working muscles

Used by endurance athletes/sports

Banned by most sports Side Effects include - allergic

reactions, clotting issues, kidney damage, fever, jaundice, infectious disease, shock, heart failure

Corticosteroids Injected into site to

locally inhibit pain Used by ALL sportsSide Effects Increased injury Weakness and

degeneration of tendons and ligaments

Replenishes ATP very rapidly Allows athlete

to train harder

Side Effects Dehydration Muscle

cramping Kidney damage Liver damage Hormone

irregularities Increased lipid

levels

Health of athletes and to help ensure that competition is fair and equitable.

Sports programs should have full-service programs that provide substance abuse education, counseling, and drug-detection.

Drug testing should be performed periodically in a random manner.

A sports program must adopt the philosophy that “winning at all costs” is wrong.

It is essential for athletes to believe that if they do their very best and adhere to the rules of the sport, they will be doing exactly what is expected of them.