integrates any group (0-399)

This new all-electronic Model 522 Spectrum Resolver/Integrator may be used directlywith TMC '400 Series" pulse analyzers to perform resolving and integration functionswithout the necessity of intermediate tape recording equipment.As a Resolver the Model 522 takes information directly from any selected quarter orhalf of the analyzer memory and either adds it to or subtracts it from the data stored inan adjacent quarter or half of the memory. It is possible to remove individual compo-nents of a spectrum and leave only the desired elements by adding or subtracting100%, 10%o, 1% or 0.1%o increments of reference spectra. The operator has precisecontrol of the resolving process, and has an accurate visual record of the exact per-centage removed.As an Integrator, the Model 522 integrates memory-stored information within anyband of channels from 0 to 399 in one operation. Two modes of integration are available:

NORMAL mode sums the counts in the preselected band and stores thetotal in the last channel.SUBTOTAL mode adds each channel count to the previous one to providea running subtotal.

With every operation, results are displayed on the analyzer scope and may be printed,recorded or punched out by the readout method of your choice.Case design of the Model 522 Resolver/Integrator is identical to that of the com-patible '400 Series" fully-portable, 400-channel Pulse Height Analyzers.

SPECIFICATIONSResolving Rate .......... 0.5 sec. for one add or subtract operation per 100 channels

0 Resolved ............ 100%, 10%, 1% or 0.1%Integration Rate ............ 0.5% sec. per quarter memoryChannel band- Continuous 1 - 400 channelsIntegrating Modes .Normal, SubtotalBlanking.... Only channels to be integrated are visible on Analyzers CRT display

Size ..85/s" w. x 101/4" h. x 21" d., 28 lbs. (approx.)

TMC is the original designer/producer of transistor-ized multi-channel analyzers. Today, TMC instrumenta-fotion is d eliv analer ynationin th efree world forTuse in the most advanced laboratories known to man. 44Por full specifications, information, consultation,please write or phone your nearest Sales Office or EUROPE: TEfactory direct . . . North Haven CE 9-2501. FAR EAST: NI

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SCIENCE, VOL. 140

carbonyl compounds, esterification andhydrolysis, carboxylation and decar-boxylation, saturated rearrangements,aromatic substitution, and polymeriza-tions.Waley gives a clear though elemen-

tary exposition of most of the high-lights of organic reaction mechanisms.After each organic topic, he briefly de-scribes the pertinent enzymic mecha-nisms. In general these latter discussionsare rudimentary as a result of the in-herent lack of information on enzymicmechanisms but also because the authorgreatly emphasizes the necessary back-ground of organic mechanisms. Thegeneral topics are quite suitable for adiscussion of organic reaction mechan-ism, but some are not very pertinentto enzymic mechanisms; for example,Waley's 34-page discussion of themechanisms of aromatic substitution,one of the fascinating areas of organicchemistry, contains only 11/2 pagespertinent to enzymic reactions. On theother hand, oxidation-reduction mech-anisms, a most pertinent subject, aregiven only rudimentary treatment in thechapter on carbonyl reactions.Mechanisms of Organic and Enzymic

Reactions is a presentation of basicgroundwork rather than a probe at theresearch frontier of all the area ittreats. That the author refers to onlyten papers published later than 1959 inthis book published in 1962 attests thetruth of this statement. The author pre-sents clearly the highlights of organicreaction mechanisms and the beginningsof enzymic mechanisms in an elemen-tary form. His book should interestthose who are novices in both areas.

MYRON L. BENDERDepartment of Chemistry,Northwestern University

Text and Reference Source

A Hundred Years of Geography. T. W.Freeman. Aldine, Chicago, 1962.335 pp. $6.95.

The aim of this book, whose authoris reader in geography at ManchesterUniversity, is to provide a synopticview of the development of academicgeography during the past century. InBritish geography Freeman discernssix successive trends, which begin withthe encyclopedic compilations of 19th-century travelers and which end with

800

the current tendency towards systematicspecialization, based on detailed localstudy. These trends are outlined inchapter 1 and then discussed chrono-logically in three subsequent chapters,special emphasis being placed on thework of individual geographers whosebiographies appear in a short appendix.In chapters 5 through 10 Freemanchanges from a chronological treat-ment to a discussion of the value ofthe regional approach in geographyand of the major systematic fields.Along with his treatment of physical,economic, social, and political geog-raphy, he devotes a special chapter tothe development of cartographic tech-niques and their application in nationalatlases. A final chapter provides a sum-mary of the themes outlined in chapter1 and an indication of the probabletrend of future research; here the au-thor's views are expressed in thisphrase: "many ideas and new tech-niques are not new, but merely takenup again after an interval of yearsand more effectively developed."

According to the publishers, thisbook is intended to be an introductorytext and a reference book. It fulfillsboth aims, not least because bookson the history of modern geographyare few in number. As a text, it pro-vides a coherent and well-written sur-vey of a broad field, by an experiencedgeographer, although its value mighthave been enhanced by a clearer state-ment of the purpose of modern geog-raphy as it is revealed in recent meth-odological writings. As a referencebook, it provides a straightforward ac-count of the growth of geography inBritain and its relationship with con-temporary thought in Europe andAmerica. Here Freeman makes a no-table contribution; he may not be aprovocative writer, but he has a broadcommand of the literature, and hisbook deserves to be widely read.

RONALD H. BUCHANANQueen's University,Belfast, Northern Ireland

Note

Food for Thought

The professional and the nonprofes-sional alike will find in Nutrition in aNutshell, written by Roger J. Williams(Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y., 1962.171 pp. 950), a convincing account of

why nutrition is important not only forthe body as a whole but for its multi-tude of parts-the cells and tissues thatmake up the body. Williams discussesqualitative and quantitative nutritionalneeds, the results of faulty nutrition,nutritional supplements, nutrition edu-cation, the personal responsibility forbeing well nourished, keeping up-to-date on nutrition, and avoiding foodfaddism.

His advice for being well nourishedis most general but carefully ex-plained: (i) Don't be a hypochon-driac or a worry-wart; (ii) diversifyyour diet; (iii) use and cultivate yourbody wisdom; (iv) avoid too much re-fined food; and (v) use nutritional sup-plements when, on the basis of in-formed opinion, it seems desirable.

RUTH M. LEVERTONAgricultural Research Service,U.S. Department of Agriculture

New Books

General

The Cubeo. Indians of the NorthwestAmazon. Irving Goldman. Univ. of Illi-nois Press, Urbana, 1963. 313 pp. Illus.Paper, $4.

Parts and Wholes. The Hayden collo-quium on scientific method and concept.Daniel Lerner, Ed. Free Press (Macmil-lan), New York, 1963. 192 pp. Illus.$4.95.

Point to the Stars. Joseph Maron Jos-eph and Sarah Lee Lippincott. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963. 96 pp. Illus. $3.95(juvenile).

Producing, Harvesting, and MarketingHigh Quality Southern Timber. Eleventhannual forest symposium. William C.Hopkins, Ed. Louisiana State Univ. Press,Baton Rouge, 1962. 117 pp. Illus. $4.

Psychology. The science of mental life.George A. Miller. Harper and Row, NewYork, 1962. 399 pp. Illus. $6.95.

The Sonjo of Tanganyika. An anthro-pological study of an irrigation-based so-ciety. Robert F. Gray. Oxford Univ.Press, New York, 1963. 195 pp. Illus. $6.

Star Gazing with Telescope and Cam-era. George T. Keene. Chilton, Philadel-phia, 1962. 128 pp. Illus. Paper, $1.95.The Study of Rockets, Missiles, and

Space Made Simple. Walter B. Hendrick-son, Jr. Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y.,1963. 157 pp. Illus. Paper, $1.45.

University Research and Patent Policies,Practices, and Procedures. Publ. No. 999.Archie M. Palmer. Natl. Acad. of Sci-ences-Natl. Research Council, Washing-ton, D.C., 1962. 299 pp. Paper, $5.The Weather Handbook. H. McKinley

Conway, Jr., Ed. Conway Publications,Atlanta, Ga., 1963. 255 pp. Illus. $15.Weather summaries for 100 cities in theU.S. and for 160 outside the U.S.

SCIENCE, VOL. 140

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ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS

Technical Writers and Publishers

The Society of Technical Writers andPublishers was one of the eight societiesto be elected an affiliate of the AAASat the Philadelphia meeting in Decem-ber 1962. The society is composedof professional men and women dedi-cated to furthering the art of communi-cating technical information and devel-oping the competence of its members.To achieve these goals, the society

sponsors technical-communication re-search at universities through a pro-gram of grants; publishes a professionaljournal; cooperates with other pro-fessional societies and governmentagencies in the establishment of writ-ing and publishing standards; assistseducational institutions in the develop-ment of technical communication cur-ricula; and conducts an annual conven-tion to keep members up-to-date oncurrent developments in the profession.Each of its 50 chapters in the UnitedStates and Canada conducts monthlymeetings and many chapters engage inactivities that relate the profession tothe community.The society's nearly 3000 members

span a wide range of occupational spe-cialties within the technical communi-cation field. They write, edit, illustrate,and produce reports, catalogs, hand-books, manuals, specifications, propos-als, parts documentation, journal ar-ticles, technical, popular, and trademagazine articles, news releases andpresentations. Other activities includemanaging publications groups and busi-nesses, teaching, and undertaking re-search in all aspects of technical com-munications. The spectrum of subjectmatter fields spanned by the member-ship is also broad; it includes the bio-logical, earth, medical, physical, and so-cial sciences; all branches of engineer-ing; and the various communicationarts.The society's officers are: president,

H. C. McDaniel, Westinghouse ElectricCorporation; first vice president, Robert0. Shockney, Mercury Publications;second vice president, Stello Jordan,Sperry Gyroscope Co.; secretary, Hen-rietta Tichy, Hunter College; and treas-urer, Charles W. Thelen, General Dy-namics. The society's representative onthe AAAS Council is Dwight E. Gray,National Science Foundation.

VERNON M. ROOTSociety of Technical Writers andPublishers, Columbus 14, Ohio

SCIENCE, VOL. 140