Answer Chapter 2.doc

7/24/2019 Answer Chapter 2.doc

1/4

Chapter 2 : Nutrition and Food Production

Answer

Exercise 1

1. calorific2. bomb calorimeter

3. joule

4. Total energy !"# $ 1#.1% & !3# $ '.'% &!2"# $ 2.(% "#." & 1)* & 2"(.( "#'.2 +, g- 1

". Total calorie !3 $ 1"#4% & !#." $ 11)4% & !#% & !#.4 $ 31*%

4"12&")(&12(2 "23'.2 +, g-1

'. !a% /ale0 female !b% actie 0 metabolic

!c% bigger 0 more

!d% infant0 children0 actie

!e% more !f% healthy0 more

!g% cold

!h% heat0 body

Exercise 2

1. unbalanced0 deficient2. !a% undereight

!b% protein

!c% abdomen !d% iron

!e% blood !f% iodine

!g% itamin C !h% bleeding

!i% bone

!j% itamin !+% iion

3. Obesity: Fat 0 heart0 +idney0 choleterol0 heart dieae0 hypertenion high blood preure0 e$erciing

4. Aneroxia Nervosa: 5eight0 lim thin0 female0 thin0 anaemia undernourihed0 nutrition0

1


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Exercise 3

1.

Unhealthy eating habit Consequences

Too much meat and fried food Atheriosclerosis/ narrowing blood vessels //High blood pressure/ hypertension // obesity

Too much alty food High blood pressure // heart failure/ stroke

Too much nac+ and ugary

foodDiabetes// tooth cavities // obesity

Not enough fibre Constipation

2. !b% 6eep to regular mealtime

!c% 7at food hich i lo in aturated fat. !e% 8uild trong immune ytem

3. !a% The energy content in food that i meaured a heat and e$preed a joule.

!b% bomb calorimeter !c% 9arlene: !2 $ )'% & !" $ 14(% & !1### $ #%

1)2 & (3" & #

)2( +,

9aid : !' $ 1"3#%&!3 $ 11)#%&!" $ **#%&! ( $ 1#3#%&!* $ *##%&!# $ 1###%

)1*# & 3"(# & 44## & (21# & '4## & #

3# ('# +, !d% 9arlene : her daily energy inta+e loer than her daily energy reuirement.

9aid : hi daily energy inta+e e$ceed hi daily energy reuirement.

!e% Female teenager i le actie than male teenager.

!f% 9arlene ould become ery thin uffer malnutrition anore$ic. 9aid ould become obee.

Exercise 4

1. photoynthei0 inorganic0 carbon dio$ide0 ater0 light 0 glucoe0

light

carbon dio$ide & ater glucoe & o$ygen

chlorophyll

chlorophyll0 photoynthei0 chlorophyll0 light0 ater0 hydrogen0 o$ygen0 ater0 carbon dio$ide0

glucoe

2


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2.

3.

Calcium Needed for cell diiion0 deelopment

and formation of root

Phophoru

Potaium

/agneium

Component of chlorophyll

Needed for formation of floer and

fruit

Needed for ynthei of nucleic acid0protein0 hormone and chlorophyll

Needed to form cell all and forgroth

Nitrogen

3

/acronutrient /icronutrient

9efinition: elements required byplants in large amount

9efinition: elements required byplants in very small amount

1. Boron

. !olybdenum

". #inc

$. !anganese

%. Copper

&. 'ron

7$ample of element

1.(itrogen

. )hosphorus

". )otassium

$. Calcium

%. !agnesium

&. *ulphur

7$ample of element

P;NT N7NT


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Exercise 5

1.

2. !a% !i% nutrient content !ii% plant groth

!b% ?roth of the eedling i tunted if it deficient in eential nutrient

!c% !i% The groth of the eedling i tunted and the leae are yelloih.

!ii% @tunted groth. !iii% The eedling gro healthily.

!d% a control e$periment to compare the reult.

!e% !i% To upply air to the root and preent it from decaying !ii% To preent the groth of algae due to the preence of unlight

Exercise

1. !a%

!rocess Na"e o# the $rocess %acteria involve&

nitrogen fi+ation (itrogen,fi+ing bacteria

8 ammonification Decomposing bacteria

C nitrification (itrifying bacteria

9 denitrification Denitrifying bacteria

!b% Nitrate!c% !i% lightning !ii%olcanoe !iii%artificial fertilier commercial nitrogen fi$ation

2. !a% fertility !b% pollution !c% amount0 atmophere !d% nitrate 0 protein

4

Nitrogen

Phophoru

Potaium

@tunted root groth0 produce littlefloer and fruit and hae leaf ith

ur le ti .

@tunted groth0 premature death and

hae leaf ith yello and bron margin.

@tunted groth0 yelloing of mature leaf

folloed by younger leaf !chloroi%.

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Answer Chapter 2.doc