Biological and Agricultural EngineeringAnnual Report 2009

K A N S A S S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y

Contents

1

Message from the Department Head ..............1

Faculty .....................................................2

Research Highlights ....................................5

Biofuels and Biomaterials Group

Environmental Quality Group

Nanotechnology Group

Mechatronics/Precision Agriculture Group

Publications ..............................................8

Grants ..................................................... 11

Professional Service/Recognition ............... 14

Lab Descriptions ...................................... 16

Academic Programs ................................... 18

BAE Report .............................................. 19

ATM Report ............................................. 20

Graduate Report ....................................... 21

Extension Report ..................................... 23

Advisory Council ...................................... 24

Contact Information ................................. 25

Message from the Department HeadThe Kansas State University Bio-logical and Agricultural Engineering Department was established in the early 1900s with a commitment to advancing engineering principles to agricultural, food and biological systems. “We Bring Solutions to Life” was a motto devel-oped by the department as it strived for excellence in applying engineering principles to living systems. Historically, our research programs have focused on issues ensuring the ability of a produc-tion system to feed a growing population while conserving and protecting our natural resources. Current research focus areas include environmental quality and utilization of bio-based materials and re-sources. Environmental quality links past and present research programs as we recognize the sustainability of each generation is dependent upon natural resources. New product develop-ment from bio-based resources provides the framework to ensure effective utilization of harvested components from our food and fiber production systems. The BAE research program excelled during 2009. Our community of faculty, students, professionals and associ-ates embraced and accepted the challenge to excel and move beyond the minimum standards. Collectively there was an increase in refereed publications, invited conference speakers, research dollars spent and obtained, and opportunities. Refer-eed papers were published in 18 different professional journals and grant funds obtained from 20 different sources, includ-ing federal and state government agencies and allied industry partners. The quality of faculty academic excellence in 2009 was recognized by professional colleagues as three of the seven lead journal editors for the ASABE society are leading researchers at Kansas State University. Drs. Donghai Wang and Robert Wolf received patents; Dr. Joe Harner received the ASABE Henry Giese Structures and Environment Award; Drs. Ronaldo Maghirang, Donghai Wang and Dan Rogers were recognized by the College of Engineering for outstanding aca-demic contributions; and Drs. Kyle Douglas-Mankin, Stacy

Hutchinson, Phil Barnes and Joe Harner were part of a team receiving the USDA CSREES Partnership Award for Mission Integration. Another indicator of our quality research program was observed in 2009 as two former graduate students received recognition from their current academic community for excellence. The establishment of our dual degree B.S./M.S. program enables the next generation of engineering students to transition into an advanced degree program involving research opportunities seeking to bring solutions to life. This program encourages faculty to identify and engage undergraduates in extracur-ricular activities including a research

environment experience. Transforming these opportunities to their professional community is critical as the next genera-tion of engineers discovers the benefits of a quality research experience and the rewards of involvement with professional organizations. The department benefited from quality programs as faculty collaborated in multidiscipline granting opportunities with other scientists and engineers from 15 different departments representing five different colleges at Kansas State University, five collaborative projects with other universities, three inter-national projects and four different USDA research labs. The department of biological and agricultural engineering is committed to “bringing solutions to life.” Our desire, as you view the following pages, is that you will be able to catch a glimpse of the depth and breadth of our commitment to fulfill this goal through the academic community at Kansas State University.

Joseph P. Harner IIIInterim Department Head

Biological and Agricultural EngineeringKansas State University

Facult

yFacultyJames Koelliker Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, Iowa State University, 1972 M.S., Water Resources, Iowa State University, 1969 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, 1967Research: Hydrology, water resources modeling, water quality, environmental engineeringTeaching: Senior design I and II, natural resources and environmental sciences capstone course, hydrology

Ronaldo Maghirang Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 1992. M.S., Agrometeorology, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Philippines, 1986. B.S., Agricultural Engineering, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Philippines, 1982.Research: Air quality—measurement, control, modeling; environmental applications of nanotechnology; grain handling and identity preservationTeaching: Particle technology, air pollution engineering, structures and environment engineering, agricultural building systems

Randy Price Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering-Precision Farming Technologies, University of Illinois, 2000 M.S., Agricultural Engineering-Precision Farming Technologies, Purdue University, 1992 B.S., Agricultural Engineering-Machinery Systems, Oklahoma State University, 1989Research: Precision farming sensors, electronic controls, GPS recording boxesTeaching: Precision farming techniques, machinery systems

Danny H. Rogers Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 1988 M.S., Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 1977 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, 1976 Extension: Water resources management, with primary emphasis on irrigated agricultural production, including irrigation development, irrigation systems, water management, and energy for irrigation. Program efforts also include coordination and assistance with numerous irrigation and water resources workshops.

J. Pat Murphy M.S., Kansas State University, 1970 B.S., Business Administration, Kansas State University, 1968 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, 1968Extension: Livestock systems and environmental quality

John Slocombe Ph.D., Agricultural Education, Iowa State University, 1983 M.S., Agricultural Education, Kansas State University, 1979 B.S., Agricultural Education, Kansas State University, 1977Research: Chemical application systems, forage machinery systems, variable-rate technology, agricultural safety and healthTeaching: Chemical application systems, machinery systems, power-train systems, variable-rate technology

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Joseph P. Harner III Ph.D., Environmental Science and Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State

University, 1983 M.S., Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1981 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1979 A.S., Engineering, Virginia Western Community College, 1977Extension: Grain and livestock systems

Mahbub Alam Ph.D., Irrigation, Colorado State University, 1985 M.S. Irrigation Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, 1979 B.S. Agricultural Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, 1961Research: Water requirement of field crops, climatic data application to water use and agricultureExtension: Irrigation and water management education program, irrigation technology field research, irrigation system evaluation and demonstration, environmental issues related to water quality and wastewater use

Philip L. Barnes Ph.D., Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 2001 M.S., Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1977 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, University of Wyoming, 1974Research: Monitoring Kansas watersheds to identify non-point pollution sources polluting our rivers and lakesExtension: Develop best management practices and programs to transfer this technology to the farmers and ranchers of Kansas to reduce non-point pollution

Edwin Brokesh M.S. Business Administration, Kansas State University, 2006 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, 1983Teaching: engineering design concepts, machine design, power and energy concepts, agricultural machinery systems, project management, engineering ethics

Kyle Douglas-Mankin Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1994 M.S., Agricultural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 1987 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 1985Research: Watershed modeling, climate change, environmental impacts of biofuels, sustainable agroenvironmental management, ecosystem servicesTeaching: BAE/ATM first semester orientation, introductory engineering design, agricultural resources and environmental management, watershed management, watershed modeling, natural treatment systems

Stacy L. Hutchinson Ph.D., Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 1998 M.S., Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 1996 B.S., Civil Engineering, Montana State University, 1990Research: Ecological engineering, sustainable landscape management, nonpoint source pollution control, urban stormwater managementTeaching: Natural resources engineering, ecological engineering, sustainable development, engineering design

James Steichen Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 1974 B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 1970Research: Hydrology, water quality, military training lands management, soil erosion control, stream crossingsTeaching: Soil erosion and sediment pollution control, irrigation systems and water management, applied hydrology, natural resources and environmental science team projects

Donghai Wang Ph.D., Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1997 M.S., Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana, 1994 B.S., Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, China, 1982Research: Fermentation, thermochemical and biochemical conversion of biomass for biofuels, biobased products, grain processingTeaching: Physical properties of biomaterials, biological processing engineering, biomaterial processing, processing and storage of grains

Robert Wolf Ph.D., Agricultural Education, University of Illinois, 1990 M.Ed., University of Illinois, 1975 B.S., Agriculture, University of Illinois, 1970Research: Conduct applied research with chemical application equipment technology with a special interest in maximizing efficacy while minimizing drift when applying pest control products.Extension: Develop and conduct extension programs to encourage the adoption of best management practices for a more efficient and safe application of pest control products.

Wenqiao Yuan Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005 M.S., Mechanical Engineering, China Agricultural University, 2000 B.S., Mechanical Engineering, China Agricultural University, 1996Research: Biofuels and bio-based products and materialsTeaching: Energy and biofuel engineering, engines and power transfer, advanced biofuels conversion

Facult

y Research

Naiqian Zhang Ph.D., Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987 M.S., Agricultural Engineering, Purdue University, 1984 B.S., Agricultural Mechanization, China Agricultural University, 1970Research: Optical sensors, permittivity sensors, weed sensors, embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, image processing, mixed digital-optical processing, precision agriculture, control systems for agricultural machines and processesTeaching: Instrumentation and control for biological systems, sensors and controls for agricultural and biological systems, measurement systems

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Biofuels and Biomaterials Group The biofuels and biomaterials group conducts both fundamental and applied research in the area of biofuels and biobased products with focuses on biomass production, biomass logistics and biomass characterization; biochemical conversion such as pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation; thermochemical conversion such as gasification, hydrothermal pyrolysis and fast pyrolysis; and biodegradable adhesives. Dur-ing the past five years, the group has conducted more than 20 research projects related to biofuels and biobased products. Total funding for these projects is more than $6 million with more than $2.5 million to the group. The group has received funding from federal, state agents and industries such as the National Science Foundation, USDA-National Research Initiative, USDA-Critical Biomaterials Program, DOE/USDA Biomass Re-search Program, DOD, U.S. Army Natick, DOT Sun Grant Initiative, United Sorghum Checkoff Program, state of Kansas, Kansas Bioscience Au-thority, USDA-Agriculture Research Services and industries. Researchers in the group have contrib-uted to more than 50 peer-reviewed publications in the last five years. Key projects in the biofuel area include 1) grain sorghum, sorghum biomass and sweet sorghum as a viable renewable resource for biofuels with focus on analysis of the relationship among “genetic-structure-function-composition-conversion” and biofuel production through sugar and thermal platforms; 2) pelleting forages to increase cellu-losic ethanol production with focus on biomass densification and pretreatment; 3) syntheses of acid-functionalized nanoparticles for hydrolysis and pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass; 4) microalgae production, harvesting and biorefining for biofuels and bioproducts; 5) biomass gasifica-tion for value-added utilization of agricultural residues; and 6) catalytic hydrothermal pyrolysis of biomass for bio-oil and bio-char production. The key project in the biobased materials area is development of affordable and durable biobased adhesives and resins for wood applications. In ad-dition, the group also conducts research on devel-oping an inexpensive, multifunctional, real-time sensor to measure biodiesel/diesel and ethanol/gasoline blend ratios and use of vibrational spec-troscopy in biodiesel quality control and fatty acid identification.

Dr. Donghai WangDr. Wenqiao Yuan

Dr. Naiqian Zhang

Environmental Quality Group The environmental quality group has four sub-groups: air quality, water sustainability and climate change, military training lands sustain-ability, urban green design and watershed restora-tion. K-State researchers are leading research and development into issues central to environmental sustainability. More than $2 million in annual ex-tramural funding from NSF, DOD, EPA, USDA, DOE and others allows researchers in the biologi-cal and agricultural engineering department to collaborate with scientists, economists and others to address critical issues in air quality, climate change, military training lands sustainability, urban green design and watershed restoration.

n Air quality Characterizing and Reducing Air Emissions from

Beef Cattle Feedlots Semiarid areas in Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma

and New Mexico feed and confine more than 40% of U.S. beef cattle, and expansion of dairy production is occurring rapidly. While concen-trated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are the economic drivers for many rural communi-ties, CAFOs in the Southern Great Plains are facing air quality challenges, including emis-sions of particulate matter, ammonia, odor, vol-atile organic compounds and greenhouse gases. Unfortunately, data on air emissions either do not exist or are not representative of beef cattle feedlots in the Southern Great Plains.

Air sampling at cattle feedlots and bench- scale research has been funded through the USDA National Institute for Food and Agricul-ture (NIFA) through the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) and Special Research Grants Program.

The research has developed a much broader and deeper scientific knowledge capability and leadership capacity for air quality research related to open-lot animal feeding operations in Kansas and Texas. Scientific knowledge and information developed by and delivered via this project is anticipated to improve sustainability of cattle and dairy operations as vital economic sectors of rural communities in the Southern Great Plains, while addressing related environ-mental issues through control and prevention.

n Water sustainability and climate change Hydrologic factors are major drivers of ter-

restrial and aquatic ecosystem response to climate change. With human-induced global climate change, we expect warming, hydroclimatic vari-ability and the frequency of extreme precipitation events to continue to increase. These changes will lead to increased stream intermittency, shifts

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Nanotechnology GroupNanotechnology for Enhancing Air Quality and Biomass Treatment Nanoparticles or nanometer particles are particles that are generally smaller than 50 or 100 nm in diameter. Aggregates of these particles have large surface-to-volume ratios, unique morpholo-gies, unique chemical properties and large porosi-ties, making them highly reactive and/or catalytic. To exploit these unique properties, we have been collaborating with scientists in chemical engineer-ing, chemistry, physics and other departments at K-State to develop nanostructured particles for biomass treatment and/or air quality control. In biofuel production, acid catalysts have been successfully used for pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve sugar recovery and its later conversion to ethanol. However, use of acid requires considerable equipment investment as well as disposing of the residues. With funding from the K-State Center for Sustainable Energy and NSF EPSCoR, we are conducting research to develop acid-functionalized nanoparticles for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks for biofuel production. Advantages of using acid-function-alized metal nanoparticles are not only the acidic properties to catalyze hydrolysis, but also being easily separable from hydrolysis residues using a strong magnetic field.

Dr. Ronaldo MaghirangDr. Donghai Wang

Mechatronics/Precision Agriculture Group The mechatronics/precision agriculture group has been conducting research on several fronts, including sensors, wireless sensor network and optical processing. During the past five years, the group received more than $2 million extramu-ral funding from DoD, USDA, the Sun Grant Initiatives, Kansas Water Resource Institute and industries to support these projects. Since 2000, the group has worked with the CIS and ECE departments within the College of Engineering to develop educational programs on sensors and embedded systems at the graduate, undergraduate and secondary education levels on three NSF-sponsored projects.

A unique, frequency response-based permit-tivity sensor developed by the group is capable of simultaneously measuring multiple properties of dielectric materials. The sensor has been tested extensively in soil to measure water content and salinity, in water to detect nutrients and pesti-cides, and in biofuel – biodiesel and ethanol – to measure blend ratio and impurities. The group also developed a low-cost, optical sensor that is capable of simultaneously measur-ing sediment concentration and flow velocity in streams. By combining these measurements, sedi-ment flux and sediment load can be estimated. In 2009, 12 such sensors were deployed in three military installations in Maryland, Georgia and Kansas, respectively, to monitor soil loss related to military training. Sensor signals are transmit-ted via a “three-tier wireless sensor network.” Measured data are transmitted by “motes” to the gateway of each local wireless sensor network, where packets of data from multiple sensors are transmitted directly, or through repeaters, to a central station via mid-range radios. Data from the central stations are then transmitted to a data server through commercial cellular systems and posted to the internet by a web server. A software package has been developed to enable real-time display, queries, statistics and delivery of daily reports via e-mails. Collaborating with the USDA Wind Erosion Laboratory, the group developed a vehicle-based laser system to measure micro-reliefs. With the help of an RTK GPS and a gyro sensor, the sys-tem can develop geo-referenced, high-precision, digital elevation models (DEM) in fields. Working with the AGCO Corporation, the group has been working in mixed digital-optical image process-ing for precision agriculture applications such as automatic guidance. With many new precision farming technologies becoming available, large gaps exist between these technologies and farmers, and between the invest-ment and profit. Much effort has been made by the group to simplify and streamline the tasks for the farmers to manage the technologies. Wireless technologies are being investigated as a means to expedite the collection, delivery and integration of farm data.

Dr. Naiqian ZhangDr. Randy Price

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in flood and drought timing and severity, and changes in veg-etative phenological cycles.

K-State researchers are developing a tool to temporally down-scale global climate model projections us-ing historical climate and intra-storm sta-tistical characteristics. Results of A1B climate change impacts in 2030-2040, for example, showed increased water quality concerns if land management is left unchanged due to significant increase in rainfall depths and water yield during months of April, May and June. Future work will refine statistical procedures and test impacts on critical ecosystem goods and services.

n Military training lands sustainability Current research at U.S. military bases, including Ft. Riley in Kansas, addresses the

impacts of tank training maneuvers on soil erosion, ecosystem quality and water resources. Funding from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (from EPA, DOD, and DOE) is used to develop novel instrumentation to monitor real-time, spatiotemporal dynamics of stream turbidity and relate those to the geospatial characteristics of maneuvers.

Data from this research are being shared with other military installations to help them understand the impact of key biophysiographic

characteristics on functioning of riparian buffer zones. Results are being used to develop a real-time decision tool to optimize both long-term land resource protection and military readiness and national security objectives.

n Urban green design New city ordinances in Kansas and nation ally require implementation of vegetative buf-

fers between new development projects and ad-joining surface streams. K-State researchers are exploring potential pollutant-removal rates and design standards for certain natural buffer and bioretention cells designs relevant to the central Great Plains. Multi-scale research ranging from bench to full-scale field systems is being used to document detention of runoff and removal of key surface and groundwater contaminants. Engagement with several municipalities is help-ing support their design and permitting needs.

n Watershed restoration A recent national symposium has identi-

fied sediment accumulation in reservoirs and streams as perhaps the most urgent water re-source concern in the U.S. due to the resulting breadth and magnitude of lost economic and ecologic goods and services. K-State researchers, using funding from USDA, EPA, USGS and NSF, are developing novel modeling tools to fa-cilitate water resource restoration and manage-ment.

Watershed hydrologic and water quality simulation modeling are being used to de-velop a GIS-based water quality trading web interface. Engineering research is quantifying the spatiotemporal pollutant load variability, uncertainty and in-stream delivery to define a floating trading-ratio system. This tool provides site-specific “trading ratios” to facilitate point source (e.g. wastewater treatment plants) to nonpoint source (e.g. farm fields) pollutant ef-fluent trades to economically achieve watershed water quality improvements.

Watershed simulation tools are being developed to address specific current engi-neering limitations. A tool that allows high spatiotemporal resolution radar precipitation estimates in hydrologic simulation models is in final stages of development and testing. A tool that integrates model output from nonspatial hydrologic response units into field-level pollut-ant yields is allowing unprecedented quantifica-tion of the impacts of field-level targeting and scenario testing. We have also assisted state action agencies by developing models and tools to evaluate alternative farm and non-farm land use practices in relation to water quality and socioeconomics, and to document the impact of water restoration and preservation strategies across the state.

Dr. Ronaldo MaghirangDr. Kyle Douglas-Mankin

Dr. Stacy Hutchinson

Research

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Refereed journal publications:n Almuhanna, E., R.G. Maghirang, J.P. Murphy,

and L.E. Erickson. 2009. Laboratory- scale electrostatically assisted particulate wet scrub-ber for controlling dust in livestock buildings. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 25(5): 745-750.

n Boac, J., R.G. Maghirang, M.E. Casada, J.D. Wilson, and Y.S. Jung. 2009. Size distribution and rate of dust generated during grain elevator handling. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 25(4): 533-541.

n Coronado, M., W. Yuan, D. Wang, and F. Dowell. 2009. Predicting the concentration and specific gravity of biodiesel-diesel blends using near-infrared spectroscopy. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 25(2): 217-221.

n Corredor, D.Y., J.M. Salazar, K.L. Hohn, S. Bean, B. Bean, and D. Wang. 2009. Evaluation and characterization of forage sorghum as feed-stock for fermentable sugar production. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 158(1):164-179.

n Ding, Y., S. Zhang, P. Liu, W. Yuan, J. Liang, Z. Zhao, and Y. Zhang. 2009. Microbiological and biochemical changes during processing of the traditional Chinese food douzhi. Food Con-trol 20(12): 1086-1091.

n Gonzales, H.B., P.R. Armstrong, and R.G. Maghirang. 2009. Simultaneous monitoring of stored grain with relative humidity, tem-perature, and carbon dioxide sensors. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 25(4): 595-604.

n Guo, L., R.G. Maghirang, E.B. Razote, J. Tallada, J.P. Harner, and W. Hargrove. 2009. Field comparison of PM10 samplers. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 25(5): 735-744.

n Hanna, Mark, Allison Robertson, William Carlton, and Robert Wolf. 2009. Nozzle and carrier application effects on the control of soybean leaf spot diseases. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 25(1): 5-13.

n Hutchinson, S.L. and J.M. Shawn Hutchinson. 2009. Validating the kinematic wave approach for rapid soil erosion assessment and improved BMP site selection to enhance training land sustainability – Project SI-2017 demonstration plan. Arlington, VA:  Environmental Security and Technology Certification Program.

n Kennelly, Megan and Robert Wolf. 2009. Effect of nozzle type and water volume on dollar spot control in greens-height creeping bentgrass. On-line. Applied Turfgrass Science doi:10.10984/ATS-2009-0921-01-RS.

n Li, X., Y. Li, Z. Zhong, D. Wang, J.A. Ratto, K. Sheng, and X.S. Sun. 2009. Mechani-cal and water soaking properties of medium density fiberboard with wood fiber and soybean

protein adhesive. Bioresources and Technology 100(2009): 3556-3562.

n Maghirang, R.G. and E.B. Razote. 2009. Smoke dissipation with solid particles and charged water sprays. Fire Safety Journal 44(4): 668-671.

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., A. Shirmohammadi, J.M. Sheridan, H.J. Montas, and K.R. Mankin. 2009. Case study: evaluation of streamflow partitioning methods. J. Irrigation and Drain-age Engineering 135(6): 791-801.

n Parajuli, P., K. R. Mankin and P. L. Barnes. 2009. Source-specific fecal bacteria modeling using the soil and water assessment tool model. Bioresource Technology. 100(2): 953-963.

n Parajuli, P.B., K.R. Douglas-Mankin, P.L. Barnes, and C.H. Green. 2009. Fecal bacteria source characterization and sensitivity analysis of SWAT 2005. Transactions of the ASABE 52(6): 1847-1858.

n Parajuli, P.B., N.O. Nelson, L.D. Frees, and K.R. Mankin. 2009. Comparison of AnnAG-NPS and SWAT model simulation results in USDA-CEAP agricultural watersheds in south central Kansas. Hydrological Processes 23(5): 748-763.

n Parajuli, P.B., K.R. Mankin, and P.L. Barnes. 2009. Source-specific fecal bacteria modeling using soil and water assessment tool model. Bioresource Technology 100(2): 953-963

n Pjesky, S.C. and R.G. Maghirang. 2009. Rela-tive chargeability of nanostructured and con-ventional particles by tribocharging. Particulate Science and Technology 27(2):193-202.

n Schober, T. J., S. R. Bean, and D. Wang. 2009. Capillary electrophoresis as a tool for evaluating lactic acid production from sorghum. Cereal Chem. Cereal Chem. 86(2):117-121.

n Shen, Y., ZJ Pei, W. Yuan, and E. Mao. 2009. Effect of nitrogen and extraction method on algae lipid yield. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering. 2(1): 51-57.

n Steichen, James, M., Stacy, L. Hutchinson, Nai-qian Zhang, J.M. Shawn Hutchinson, Charles Oviatt, Alan Anderson, Timoth Keane and Philip L Barnes, 2009. Assessing the impact of maneuver training on NPS pollution and water quality. SERDP Final Report. Accepted by SERDP Program Office, Arlington, VA. 233 pages.

n Yang, X., C. Cao, L. Erickson, K. Hohn, R. Maghirang, and K. Klabunde. 2009. Photo-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B on C-, S-, N-, and Fe-doped TiO2 under visible-light irradiation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmen-tal 91(3-4): 657-662

n Wang Y., M. Tilley, S. Bean, X.S. Sun, and D.

Publica

tions

Wang. 2009. Comparison of methods for ex-tracting sorghum proteins from distiller’s dried grains with solubles. J. Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57(18):8366-8372.

n Wang, D., X.S. Sun, G. Yang, and Y. Wang. 2009. Improved water resistance of soy protein isolate from neutral surface charge. Transac-tions of the ASABE 52(1):173-177.

n Wilson, I., J. Harrington, K. McLauchlan, E. Martinson, and S.L. Hutchinson. 2009. The water budget, climate variability, and climate impacts assessment in northeast Kansas. Papers of the Applied Geography Conferences (2009) 32: 189-196.

n Wolf, R., Dennis Gardisser, Scott Bretthauer, Andy Mauromoustakos, and Lynn Baxter. 2009. The influence of tank mix additives while making low-volume aerial fungicide applications. Journal of ASTM International. JAI 102135 . Vol. 6(5). Available on-line at www.astm.org. 11 pages.

n Wolf, R. and Prasad Daggaputi. 2009. Nozzle type effect on soybean canopy penetration. Ap-plied Engineering in Agriculture 25(1): 23-30.

n Shen, Y., W. Yuan, Z. Pei, Q. Wu, and E. Mao. 2009. Microalgae mass production methods, Transactions of the ASABE. 52(4): 1275-1287.

n Yan, S., X. Wu, F. MacRitchie, and D. Wang. 2009. Increase conversion rate of high-tannin sorghum to ethanol through germination. Cereal Chem. 86(6):597-600.

n Yuan, W. and A. C. Hansen. 2009. Compu-tational investigation of the effect of biodiesel fuel properties on diesel engine NOx emissions. International Journal of Agricultural and Bio-logical Engineering. 2(2): 41-48.

n Yuan, W., A.C. Hansen, and Q. Zhang. 2009. Predicting the temperature-dependent viscosity of biodiesel fuels. Fuel 88: 1120-1126.

n Zhao, R., X. Wu, B. W. Seabourn, S. R. Bean, L. Guan, Y.-C. Shi, J. D. Wilson, R. Madl, and D. Wang. 2009. Comparison of waxy versus non-waxy wheats in production of fuel ethanol: fermentation performance. Cereal Chem. Ce-real Chem. 86(2):145-156.

n Zhao, R., S. Bean, B.A. Crozier-Dodson, D.Y.C. Fung, and D. Wang. 2009. Application of acetate buffer in pH adjustment of mash and its influence on fuel ethanol fermentation. J. Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 36(1):75-85.

n Zhao, R., S. R. Bean, D. Wang, S. H. Park, T. J. Schober, and J. D. Wilson. 2009. Small-scale mashing procedure for predicting ethanol yield of sorghum grain. J. Cereal Science 49(2):230-238.

n Zheng, Y. Z. Pan, R. Zhang, and D. Wang. 2009. Enzymatic saccharification of dilute-acid

pretreated saline crops for fermentable sugar production. Applied Energy Applied Energy 86(11): 2459-2465.

Books or book chapters:n Robert A. Graybosch, RuiHai Liu, Ronald L.

Madl, Yong Cheng Shi, Donghai Wang, and Xiaorong Wu. 2009. New uses for wheat and modified wheat products. In: Wheat Science and Trade, Brett Carver, ed. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, pp521-550.

n X. Wu, J. McLaren, R. Madl, and D. Wang. 2009. Biofuels from lignocellusic biomass. in sustainable biotechnology: sources of renewable energy, pp.19-42. O.V. Singh and S. Harvey eds. Springer

Cooperative Extension publications:n Alam, M., D. H. Rogers, and T. J. Dumler.

March 2009. Subsurface drip irrigation for alfalfa. K-State Irrigation Management Series MF-2867.

n Alam, M. and D. H. Rogers. March 2009. Irrigation management for alfalfa. K-State Ir-rigation Management Series MF-2868.

n Hipkins, P., R. Grisso, R. Wolf, and T. Reed. 2009. Droplet chart / selection guide. Virginia Cooperative Extension. Publication 442-031. 2 pages.

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., S.A. Perkins, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Upper and middle Neosho watersheds assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-135. 68 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP135.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., R.K. Gali, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Oologah watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-136. 58 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP136.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., R.K. Gali, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Upper and lower Cot-tonwood and Neosho headwaters watersheds assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-137. 72 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP137.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., R.K. Gali, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Marmaton watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-138. 65 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP138.pdf

Publications

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n Nejadhashemi, A.P., C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Toronto Lake watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-139. 57 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP139.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Lower Big Blue watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-140. 66 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP140.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Lower Little Blue watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-141. 61 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP141.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., S.A. Perkins, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Milford Lake water-shed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-142. 74 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP142.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., R.K. Gali, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Elk River watershed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-143. 70 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP143.pdf

n Nejadhashemi, A.P., R.K. Gali, C.M. Smith, K.R. Mankin, R.M. Wilson, S.P. Brown, and J.C. Leatherman. 2009. Pomona Lake water-

shed assessment: preliminary report. Kansas State Research and Extension Publication #EP-144. 70 pages. www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/h20ql2/EP144.pdf

n Price, R.R. and K. Price. 2009. Remote sensing imagery in agriculture, Part 2: Image conver-sion. Kansas State Research and Extension: Pub # MF2857.

n Rogers, D. H., M. Alam, and L. K. Shaw. 2009. Kansas center pivot survey. K-State Ir-rigation Management Series MF-2870.

n Rogers, D. H., J. P. Schneekloth, and M. Alam. 2009. Irrigation management chapter of the High Plains Sunflower Production Handbook. K-State Research and extension Bulletin MF-2384.

n Wolf, R. and S. Bretthauer. 2009. Calibrating boom sprayers. KSRE Publication MF2894. 8 pages

KSU AES publications:n Alam, M., D. H. Rogers, and L. K. Shaw. 2009.

A survey of center-pivot sprinkler packages and characteristics in Kansas. Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 2009. Report of Progress 1014. Kansas State University Agri-cultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. pp. 44-83.

n Harner, J.P. and J.F. Smith. 2009. Temperature changes in a low-profile, cross-ventilated build-ing located in High Plains. 2009 KSU Dairy Research Report of Progress 1021. pp 16-10

n Harner, J.P., J.F. Smith, R. Zimmerman, and M. Van Baale. 2009. Water consumption of an evaporative cooling system in the Midwest. 2009 KSU Dairy Research Report of Progress 1021. pp 14-15

n Harner, J.P. and J.F. Smith. 2009. Land require-ments for freestall dairy facilities. 2009 KSU Dairy Research Report of Progress 1021. pp 11-13

n Smith, J.F., B. Bradford, J.P. Harner, K. Ito, M. von Keyserlingk, C. Mullins, and J. Potts. 2009. Impact of evaporative pads and cross ventilation on core body temperature and rest-ing time of lactating cows. 2009 KSU Dairy Research Report of Progress 1021. pp 16-18

Other publications:Other BAE departmental publications included three invited papers at national and international conferences and 32 papers published in confer-ence proceedings.

Publica

tionsPublications

Grants

GrantsMahbub Alamn “Tech assistance to water users” (with D. Rog-

ers), Kansas Water Office, July 2009-June 2010, $45,000

n “OAP-SDI tech transfer” (with F. Lamm, D. Rogers, D. Porter), USDA-ARS, September 2009-August 2013, $12,500

Philip L. Barnesn “Marion WRAPS” (with D. Devlin), EPA 319,

2009, $45,000n “Marmaton WRAPS,” EPA 319, 2009, $32,000n “Scientifically targeted locations, social strategies,

and marketed-based incentives to reduce sediment transport from agricultural lands” (with D. Dev-lin, K. Douglas-Mankin), USDA NRCS Conser-vation Innovation Grant, 2009-2011, $660,000

n “Little Ark WRAPS” (with D. Devlin), EPA 319, 2009, $10,000

n “Kanopolis WRAPS” (with S. Minson), EPA 319, 2009, $20,000

Kyle Douglas-Mankinn “IGERT: From crops to commuting: Integrat-

ing the social, technological, and agricultural aspects of renewable and sustainable biorefin-ing (I-STAR)” (with M. Rezac, J.R. Peterson, P.H. Pfromm), NSF-IGERT, 2009 (5 years), $3,199,996

10

n “Upper Verdigris River – Toronto Lake wa-tershed assessment project: Kansas watershed restoration and protection strategy” (with J.C. Leatherman, D.L. Devlin, W.L. Hargrove), US EPA/KDHE, Kansas Water Plan, 2007 (1.5 years), $68,000

n “Big Hill Lake watershed assessment project: Kansas watershed restoration and protection strategy” (with J.C. Leatherman, D.L. Devlin, W.L. Hargrove), US EPA/KDHE, Kansas Water Plan, 2007 (1.5 years), $74,000

n “Pomona Lake watershed assessment project: Kansas watershed restoration and protection strategy” (with J.C. Leatherman, D.L. Devlin, W.L. Hargrove), US EPA/KDHE, Kansas Wa-ter Plan, 2007 (1.5 years), $75,000

n“Upper Arkansas River watershed assessment project: Kansas watershed restoration and protection strategy” (with J.C. Leatherman, D.L. Devlin, W.L. Hargrove), US EPA/KDHE, Kansas Water Plan, 2007 (1.5 years), $86,000

Stacy L. Hutchinsonn“Phase VI: Climate change and energy: Basic

science, impacts, and mitigation science initia-tive” (with Bowman-James, Harrington, Rice, Feddema), NSF EPSCoR, October 2009-Sep-tember 2014, $4,000,000

1311

Grants

Ronaldo Maghirangn “Characterization and measurement of air emis-

sions from large cattle feedlot” (with S. Trabue, L. McConnell, J. Prueger, C. Hapeman, K. Ro, N. Lovanh, J. Harner), USDA NIFA (formerly CSREES), April 2009-March 2012, $399,981

n “Air quality: Reducing emissions from cattle feedlots and dairies (Texas and Kansas)” (with W. Hargrove, J. Harner), USDA NIFA (through Texas AgriLife Research), September 2009-Au-gust 2010, $136,006

n “Modeling insect movement during grain han-dling in bucket elevators,” USDA ARS, Septem-ber 2009-December 2010, $19,000

n “Establishing new grain packing factors: Field data from the Western U.S.,” USDA ARS, Sep-tember 2009-December 2013, $473,000

Randy Pricen “Development of new technologies to estimate

sugarcane yields and improve planting systems” (with R.M. Johnson, R.P. Viator), American Sugar Cane League, April 2009-March 2010, $15,500

Danny Rogersn “Technical assistance to water users: K-State mo-

bile irrigation lab” (with M. Alam), Kansas Water Office, July 2009-June 2010, $45,000

n “Water conservation – increase efficiency in usage” (with R. Lamm, L. Stone, J. Peterson, N. Klocke), USDA CSRS, August 2009-July 2010, $6,016 (BAE portion)

n “Ogallala Aquifer program – SDI technical trans-fer project” (with F. Lamm, M. Alam, D. Porter), USDA-ARS, September 2009-August 2013, $12,500

John Slocomben “Kansas AgrAbility” (with S. Coatney), USDA,

January 2009-December 2009, $800,000n “Kansas youth livestock safety” (with K. Ebert),

USDA, January 2009-December 2009, $140,000

James Steichenn “Continuous, wireless monitoring of sediment

flux at multiple low-water stream crossings on tank trails” (with N. Zhang), DOD/ESTCP Sub-contract Aberdeen Test Center, July 2008–June 2011, $539.117

Grants

Grants

GrantsDonghai Wangn “Utilization of sorghum as feedstock for biofuel

production” (with T. Tesso, S. Staggenborg, J. Yu), Kansas Sorghum Center, July 2009-June 2010, $34,500

n “Bio-industrial uses of sorghum proteins,” USDA, July 2009-June 2013, $35,000

n “Developing technology and procedures to mea-sure characteristics of grain and plants,” USDA, July 2009-June 2010, $45,000

n “Molecular genetic analysis to improve ethanol production for pearl millet – A marginal land crop,” USDA, September 2009-August 2011, $63,000

n “Sorghum protein adhesive from low-cost DDGS” (with X.S. Sun), USDA-SBIR, August 2009-Janu-ary 2010, $26,666

n “Protein adhesive from low-cost sorghum DDGS” (with X.S. Sun), US Sorghum Checkoff Program, August 2009-July 2010, $60,174

n “Development and utilization of sorghum as feed-stock for biofuel production” (with S. Staggen-borg, C. Rice), Kansas Sorghum Commission, July 2009-June 2010, $21,000

n “Acid-functionalized nanoparticles for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks” (with K. Hohn), KS-CSE, July 2009-June 2010, $27,500

n “Acid-functionalized nanoparticles as separable hy-drolysis catalysts” (with K. Hohn), NSF, EPSCoR, October 2009-September 2014, $140,000

n “Developing high-solids enzyme conversion of corn starches and corn flours to reduce the cost in ethanol production” (with Y. Shi), Kansas Corn Commission, July 2009-June 2010, $36,116

n “Affordable and durable biobased adhesives for wood veneer applications” (with X.S. Sun), USDA, January 2009-December 2011, $333,936

n “Borlaug Fellowship Program Indonesia” (with T. Tesso, S. Bean, J. Yu), USDA, July 2009-June 2010, $24,998

n “Latex-like adhesives derived from soybean meals” (United Soybean Board), Kansas Soybean Com-mission, July 2009-June 2010, $49,740

n “Biomass feedstock recourse assessment and supply analysis for Kansas” (with R. Nelson, D. Rogers, P. Pfromm, J. Blair, C. Rice, S. Staggen-borg, M. Langemeier, J. Williams), Kansas Biosci-ence Authority, November 2008-October 2009, $300,000

Robert Wolfn “Corn aerial fungicide disease control and canopy

deposition comparisons” (with K. Martin, E. Blasi, B. Olson), BASF, 2009, $3,000

n “Efficacy, spray volume, and nozzle comparisons for field corn diseases” (with S. Brethaurer), Syn-genta, 2009, $19,168

12 13

Wenqiao Yuann “A multifunctional frequency-response permit-

tivity sensor for biodiesel concentration measure-ment and impurity detection” (with N. Zhang), US DOT (South Central SunGrant), July 2007-June 2010, $69,770

n “Exploratory research on solid carriers for manufacturing algae biofuels in the ocean” (with Z.J. Pei), NSF, September 2008-Febraury 2010, $110,560

n “Bio-oil and bio-char from hydrothermal py-rolysis of various lignocellulosic biomass” (with N. Nelson), KSU-CSE, July 2009-June 2010, $50,000

n “Algae for biofuels and environmental benefits” (with Q. Wu), Chinese Ministry of Education, October 2007-September 2010, $300,000

n “IGERT: From crops to commuting: Integrat-ing the social, technological, and agricultural aspects of renewable and sustainable biorefining (I-STAR)” (with M. Rezac, K. Mankin, J. Pe-terson, P. Pfromm), NSF, July 2009-June 2014, $3,199,996

n “REU site: Earth, wind, and fire: Sustainable energy for the 21st century” (with K. Hohn, L. Erickson), NSF, January 2009-December 2011, $269,445

Naiqian Zhangn “NSF GK-12: Infusing system design and sensor

technology in education (INSIGHT),” (with M. Neilsen, G. Singh, V. Wallentine, J. Spears), Na-tional Science Foundation, June 2010-May 2015, $2,803,980

n “A multifunctional frequency-response permit-tivity sensor for biodiesel concentration measure-ment and impurity detection” (with N. Zhang), US DOT (South Central SunGrant), July 2007-June 2010, $69,770

n “Continuous, wireless monitoring of sediment flux at multiple low-water stream crossings on tank trails” (with J. Steichen), DOD/ESTCP Subcontract Aberdeen Test Center, July 2008–June 2011, $539.117

n A laser system for high-resolution soil surface and standing residue analysis,” (with Larry Wagner), USDA, January 2009–December 2009, $26,000

n American Society of Engineering Educationn Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME)n Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology n International Journal of Agricultural and Biologi-

cal Engineers, peer reviewer n NSF-GK12n NSF IGERT

Naiqian Zhangn ASABE IET Division editor 2007–2013n ASABE IET Division Chair, 2008–2009n ASABE IET-01 Executive n ASABE IET-02 Steering n ASABE IET-04 Publications Review and Paper

Awardsn ASABE IET-07 Forward Planning and Structure n ASABE IET-312 Machine Vision n ASABE IET-318 Mechatronics and Biorobotics n ASABE IET-353 Instrumentation and Controls n ASABE P-127 Robotics Student Design Competi-

tionn International editorial board, International Jour-

nal of Agriculture and Biological Engineering Joseph P. Harner IIIn ASABE - FPE-702 grain and feed processing and

storage

17

n ASABE- SE-402 Dairy committee n ASABE – Gungloson awards committee n ASABE – 2009 Henry Giese Awardn ASABE – 2009 ASABE Mid Central Engineer of

Year

List of Abbreviationsn ASABE – American Society of Biological and

Agricultural Engineersn SW – Soil and Water Divisionn SE – tructures and Environment Divisionn FPE – Food Processing and Engineering Divi-

sionn IET– Information and Electrical Technologies

Divisionn PM – Power and Machinery Divisionn M – Membership Development Counciln BE – Biological Engineering Division n ESH – Ergonomics, Safety and Health Division n ED – Education Divisionn ASEE – American Society of Engineering Edu-

cation

Profes

sional

Professional Service/Recognition

Mahbub Alamn WERA-202n Qatar Foundationn Kansas Water Office, basin advisory committee

Philip L. Barnesn ASABE SW-223 Erosion Control Research n ASABE SW-22 Erosion Control Group n ASABE SW-22 Erosion Control Groupn ASABE SW-01 Executive

Kyle Douglas-Mankinn ASABE Trans. ASABE and Applied Engineering

in Agriculture, editor n ASABE Nominating Committee n ASABE M-515 Textbooks and Monographs Groupn ASABE M-122 Robert Stewart Engineering Hu-

manities Award Selection n ASABE SW-02 Steering n ASABE SW-05 Publications Reviewn ASABE SW-06 Paper Awardsn ASABE SW-21 Hydrology Groupn ASABE SW-224 Pollution by Sedimentn ASABE SW-26 Countryside Engineering Group n ASABE BE-22 Ecological Engineering n Steering committee - 2010 South-East Asia SWAT

conferencen Universities Council on Water Resources

Stacy L. Hutchinsonn ASABE Board of Trustees member, 2007-2009n ASABE BE-22 Executiven ASABE BE-24 Soil and Groundwater Remediation n AEES Executive Committeen USRG/FDA Review Panel, member 2006-2009n 2009 CSREES Partnership Awards-Mission Inte-

gration Award, team member

James Koellikern ASABE Foundation, Treasurer and Foundation

Investment Committeen ASABE Presidential Citation for Service n ASABE M-112 Massey-Ferguson Gold Medal n ASEE – elected as life member

Ronaldo Maghirangn ASABE SE Division editor, 2009-2012n ASABE SE-05 Publications Reviewn ASABE SE-04 Paper Awardsn ASABE SE-06 Programn 2009 USDA Ag Air Quality Review Paneln ASHRAE Program Subcommittee, Plant and

Animal Environment Committeen American Society of Engineering Education n 2009 Myers-Alford Teaching Award, College of

Engineering, Kansas State University Randy Pricen State of Kansas Height Modernization Committee Danny H. Rogersn ASABE SW-246 Turf and Landscape Irrigation,

member/reviews, 4 yearsn ASABE SW-241 Sprinkler Irrigation n ASABE SW-03 Standards

Profes

sional

14

n Technical committee, Central Plains Irrigationn 2009 Larry E. and Laurel Erickson Public Service

Award for the College of Engineering

John Slocomben ASABE ESH-01 Executive/Oversightn ASABE ESH-02 Policy and Forward Planning n ASABE ESH-04 Technology Exchange n ASABE ESH-04/2 Farmers with Disabilities Tech-

nology Exchangen ASABE ED-206 Agriculture Technology and

Management Curriculum Review and Program Recognition

n ASABE PM 23/6 Application Systems and US TAG ISO/TC23/SC6

n ASABE PM-41 Pest Control and Fertilizer Ap-plication

n ASABE PM-43 Farm Machinery Managementn ASABE PM-44 Forage Utilizationn ASABE Non-Divisional Technical Group T-15

Ergonomics, Safety & Healthn NCERA 197 committee, USDAn National Institute of Farm Safety James Steichenn ASABE SW-223 Erosion Control Research n ASEE n Kansas Natural Resource Center

Donghai Wangn Transaction of ASABE, associate editorn ASABE Applied Engineering in Agricultural

Committee n ASABE BE-28 Bioconversion and Bioprocessesn American Association of Cereal Chemist–Biopro-

cessing engineering committeen Board, AOCn Multi-States Biomass Research S1041 committee,

USDA S1041n 2009 Frankenhoff Outstanding Research Award,

College of Engineering, Kansas State University Robert Wolfn ASABE PM 23/6 Application Systems & US TAG

ISO/TC23/SC6 and subs (PM 23-6/1 Liquid Materials Application, 6/2 Aviation, 6/3 Dry Materials)

n ASABE PM 54 Precision Agriculture n Council for Agriculture, Science and Technology

Executive committee n American Association of Pesticide Safety Educa-

tors–elected Fellow n Official university recognition of Patent #

7,409,916, April 10, 2009 Wenqiao Yuann ASABE SE-414 Renewable Power Generation

Committee n ASABE FPE-709 Biomass Energy and Industrial

Products Committee n ASABE BE-28 Bioconversion and Bioprocesses,

membern International Journal of Agricultural and Biologi cal Engineeringn American Society of Agricultural and Biological

Engineers

Professional Service/Recognition

15

BAE Air Quality Laboratory The BAE Air Quality Laboratory is used pri-marily to support research and teaching missions of the BAE department in air quality and particle technology areas. It is equipped with conventional and specialized instruments for sampling and/or measuring particulate matter concentrations, particle-size distribution, gas concentration, flow rates and velocities, and meteorological param-eters, among others. Major pieces of equipment for measuring concentrations of particulate matter (i.e., TSP, PM10, and PM2.5) are tapered element oscillating microbalance monitors equipped with size-selective inlets for TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 – with climate-controlled outdoor enclosures (six units), federal reference method high-volume PM10 samplers (nine units), and mini-volume samplers equipped with size-selective inlets for TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 (16 units). Instruments for particle-size distribution include an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer™ spectrometer with dilution unit, a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer™ spectrometer, eight-stage cascade impactors (three units), and optical particle spectrometer with dilution unit. Other measuring and analysis instruments include Nicolette 670 FTIR spectrometer, Chemilumines-cence ammonia analyzer, Chemcassette ammonia detector, gas chromatograph, Rotap sieve shaker system, aerosol generator, multi-pycnometer, microbalances with controlled chambers, weather stations (two units) and flow-rate calibration devices. The laboratory is also equipped with room-scale chambers for air movement and/or air quality studies, weather stations (two units), instrument trailers (two units) and cattle hoof simulator. It also houses computer workstations for computational fluid dynamics modeling, at-mospheric dispersion modeling, and data analyses.

BAE Student Computer Center This lab is equipped with 16 computers, two printers and a scanner, and is the heart of the study environment of the department. It is part of a student study complex adjacent to the main classroom. Adjacent to the Student Computer Center are a design team room, student club room, and student study center. The Student Computer Center is maintained through the Engineering Student Equipment Fee, which is collected from all students who enroll in ATM or BAE courses. The department receives about $15,000 per year from these fees and uses more than two-thirds of them to maintain this center.

Bioenergy Laboratory This laboratory is set up and equipped to conduct the following research: (1) microalgae: we work on microalgae cultivation methods,

harvesting techniques, oil extraction processes and biorefining for biofuel and bioproduct develop-ment and biomedical applications; (2) biomass gasification: our goal is to produce high-quality syngas from biomass with special focuses on value-added utilization of agricultural residues, gasification system kinetic modeling and opti-mization, syngas cleanup and reforming, and product and byproduct utilization; (3) biomass hydrothermal conversion: we focus on converting agricultural residues, animal manure, microalgae and other high-moisture-content biomass into bio-oils through novel catalyzed hydrothermal pyrolysis, and bio-oil separation and upgrading; (4) biodiesel quality control: our main focus is on developing near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy-based models and chemometrics methods for biodiesel impurity detection, fatty acid identifica-tion and physical/chemical properties prediction. The lab is equipped with the following instru-ments: (1) a floor-stand, stirred-tank pressure reactor for biomass liquefaction/pyrolysis; (2) a unique downdraft gasifier designed to gasify low- bulk-density biomass materials such as corn sto-ver, switchgrass and poultry litter; and (3) various shakers and incubators, Bead-Beaters (Biospec), Soxhlet extractors (Pyrex), a digital phase-contrast microscope with built-in camera (FisherSci), pH meters, algae photobioreactors and temperature-controlled growth chambers for algae research.

Bioprocessing Laboratory This laboratory is well-equipped with advanced facilities including high grinders, sonicators and high-pressure reactor for biomass pretreatment; bio-reactor, water bath shaker, laminar flow, sterilizers and incubator shaker for fermentation; spectrome-ter (UV-VS), HPLC and GC for chemical analysis. Environmental Analytical Laboratory This laboratory is used for assessment of agri-cultural wastes, water quality and the development of best management practices for natural resource protection. Facilities available include a 900- ft2 wet laboratory with a chemical fume hood, 0ºC and 4ºC storage, a clean bench, pH and electrical conductivi-ty probes, a Brookfield viscometer and a 300ºC oven for sample preparation and bench scale research, and an analytical laboratory for sample analysis. The laboratory has a state-of-the-art Dionex DX-600 ion chromatograph for analyzing micro- and macro-nutrients from soil and water samples, a Hewlett Packard HP-5890 Series II gas chromatograph with electron capture (ECD) and flame ionization (FID) detectors for pesticide and hydrocarbon analysis, and a Shimadzu SCL 10 A VP high-performance liquid chromatograph with a photo diode array detector and a fluorescence detector.

Lab Descriptions

Lab De

script

ions

16

Hydraulics Laboratory This laboratory has flexible-use space for hydraulic, pump, pipe and irrigation testing. The facility includes a below-floor concrete channel and a 50,000 L-return tank growth chamber. Storage and maintenance for extensive field research equipment, including 50+ solar-powered ISCO stream-flow monitors/water-quality samplers, two weather stations, 10+ rain gages, soil sampling equipment and supplies, EM-38 electromagnetic field soil conductivity sensor, and irrigation testing equipment and supplies.

Instrumentation and Control Laboratory The Instrumentation and Control Laboratory serves both research and teaching needs of the department. The laboratory has seven work stations fully equipped with general-purpose electronic instruments. Licensed software is available for student laboratory exercises and supports student team projects related to instrumentation and controls. Research equipment in the laboratories includes specialized instruments and equipment for spectral analysis, hyperspectral imaging, impedance measure-ment, digital and optical image processing, wireless communica-tion and robotic design. Recently, the laboratory has successfully competed among more than 20 organizations to win the Camp-bell Scientific Equipment Award.

Laboratory for Environmental Monitoring and Assessment This laboratory collects and analyzes data to quantify en-vironmental indicators of sustainability for military training lands. It is used to assist military installations in developing and implementing management and decision-making processes that integrate training with sound natural resources management. Assessments of vegetation, soil and water resources are performed in four areas: rangeland condition, soil erosion potential, water quantity and water quality. Principle laboratory equipment in-cludes global positioning systems, low-altitude blimp, terrestrial imaging sensor, and various soil sampling and stream monitoring instruments.

Machine Systems Laboratory This laboratory is used for a variety of machinery systems activities including teaching, extension workshops and research. Space in the machinery systems laboratory is flexible allowing for research, lectures, labs and other activities requiring tabletop space workstations and hands-on learning. Areas are designated for specific training tools used for group demonstrations and/or student lab activities. Training tools and equipment include fluid power/hydraulic trainers, multiple chemical application/spray system units and components including electronics, tractors, utility vehicles and various precision agricultural systems including global positioning systems and variable-rate-application electron-ics. Space is designated for conducting laboratory-based research in the chemical application area. These research activities include sprayer calibration, nozzle-flow checks, spray pattern analysis and spray droplet analysis. Laboratory space is also utilized for student projects.

Water Quality Laboratory The laboratory is equipped for sediment, nutrient, pesticide and bacterial analyses. Equipment includes analytical balances, membrane filtration apparatus, clean hoods, spectrophotometer, deionized-distilled water, centrifuges, drying ovens, refrigerators and freezers.

Watershed Modeling Laboratory This laboratory has six graduate-student-assigned modeling work-stations, each equipped with powerful Windows-based computers, dual-screen monitors, server-based file storage and ESRI geographic information system site-license keys; a meeting table; and two student research computer workstations. Model-ers routinely test and evaluate current releases and beta versions of leading watershed modeling software (e.g., SWAT, AGNPS, REGEM).

17

Academ

ic Prog

ramsAcademic

Programs

The mission of the department of biological and agricultural engineering is to advance knowl-edge and application of engineering and technol-ogy to living systems, agriculture and the environ-ment. The BAE department supports the mission of K-State by providing academic programs in the Colleges of Engineering and Agriculture, and by conducting research and providing technology transfer through K-State Research and Extension. All of these programs are at the heart of the land grant mission of K-State and are the only such programs in the state of Kansas. The BAE/BSE bachelor’s degree program is designed to produce graduates who are equipped with techniques and processes to work with living systems, including plants, animals and microor-ganisms. The M.S. and PhD. degrees provide ad-vanced training and research for these areas. The ATM bachelor’s degree program is designed to produce technically trained graduates capable of operating and managing complex systems utilized in agriculture, food and fiber production systems. Service courses are available through the ATM program for the College of Agriculture and other K-State non-engineering students. Undergradu-ate and graduate BAE courses are also available as technical electives for students from other en-gineering departments. The department contrib-utes directly to the service of Kansas’ agricultural producers and industries as a vital part of the land grant mission of K-State through engineering research and engineering extension programs sup-ported by K-State Research and Extension. Degree programs allow some synergy among faculty resources because teaching faculty are usu-ally assigned subject matter within their expertise across the spectrum from the applications for ATM, and design and analysis for BAE under-

graduates, and research for the M.S. and Ph.D. programs. In addition, undergraduate and gradu-ate students have the opportunity to be directly involved in the research projects of these faculty members. BAE faculty members pursue mission-oriented research as part of the mission of K-State Research and Extension. Currently, those with research appointments include four tenured professors, four tenured associate professors and one tenure-track assistant professor. These faculty members have been successful in obtaining extramural funding to support their research and graduate programs, generating approximately $2.3 mil-lion annually over the past five-year period. BAE faculty members have communicated results of their research through patents (four since 2005), refereed publications (an average of about 22 per year), extension publications, and presentations and workshops at local, state, regional, national and international conferences. Faculty members have also received several awards in recognition of their research activities, including paper awards and research excellence awards. In addition, among the seven division editors of Transactions of the ASABE and Applied Engineering in Agriculture, three are K-State BAE faculty members. Several members of the K-State BAE faculty, along with several faculty in the College of Agriculture, have recently received the 2009 USDA CSREES Partnership Award for Mis-sion Integration for their “Integrated Watershed Restoration and Protection Strategies” project. Quality of students in the degree program is high, as indicated by the mean ACT score and students’ success in national competitions, among other things. The mean junior and senior class ACT score is 23.1, ranging from 22.7 to 23.9.

18

BAE Report The Kansas State University Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering (BAE) is committed to generating and disseminating knowledge in agricultural and biological systems. The program mission is to advance the knowledge and application of engineering and technology to living systems, including plants, animals, mi-croorganisms, agriculture and the environment. Engineering graduates apply engineering, physical and biological principles to living systems in a diverse world of opportunities. Kansas State University is the only higher education institute in Kansas offering a biological systems engineering (BSE) degree. The BSE un-dergraduate degree program is a versatile program that offers environmental, machine systems and biological engineering options. The B.S. BAE degree is accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). Through the program, students acquire the ability to provide engineering input to produce and process useful products such as food, fiber, energy, chemi-cal feedstock and pharmaceuticals. Students also acquire an understanding of efficient use of soil and water resources and environmental protection to improve water quality, control air pollution and clean up contaminated soils. Students learn the importance of bringing solutions to life through integrating engineering knowledge with diverse and interdisciplinary teams collectively work-ing together. Student learning outcomes of this program include the following:

n Ability to apply knowledge of math, science and engineering

n Ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data

n Ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmen-tal, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability and sustainability

n Ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams

n Ability to identify, formulate and solve engi-neering problems

n Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility

n Ability to communicate effectively

n Broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental and societal context

n Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in life-long learning

n Knowledge of contemporary issues

n Ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practiceBAE

Repor

t19

Three tier wireless sensor network for environmental monitoring.

ATM Report

ATM Re

port The agricultural technology management

(ATM) undergraduate degree program is designed to prepare students for careers requiring inte-gration of science, engineering technology and business principles to manage human and natural resources and systems for producing, process-ing and marketing food and other biological materials. The BAE department recognizes that technologically trained people must understand potential impacts of those technologies on the environment. As such, emphasis on both natural resource protection and environmental control of agricultural activities are vital parts of the ATM degree. The ATM undergraduate degree program is nationally recognized by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers and produces graduates who are equipped to manage people, machines and technology. This program is unique at Kansas State University and among higher education institutions in Kansas. The ATM program is annually assessed to meet criteria es-tablished by the Kansas Board of Regents. Desired student learning outcomes of the program include the following:

n Ability to apply basic principles of mathematics, science, technology, management and econom-ics to agricultural systems

n Ability to plan and conduct experiments, and to analyze and interpret data

n Ability to identify agricultural system problems, discover relevant information, develop and analyze possible alternatives, and formulate and implement solutions

n Ability to apply economic principles, scientific principles and technologies, techniques and skills to manage agricultural systems

n Ability to function within and contribute to multi-disciplinary teams

n Ability to recognize and define agricultural systems problems and the impact of their pro-posed solutions in a global and societal context

n Ability to communicate effectively

n Ability to understand professional and ethical responsibilities and put them into practice

n Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in life-long learning

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The BAE department supports the mission of K-State by providing academic programs in the Colleges of Engineering and Agriculture, and by conducting research and providing technology transfer through K-State Research and Extension. Our mission is to advance the knowledge and ap-plication of engineering and technology to living systems, agriculture and the environment. BAE graduate faculty members are fully engaged with the graduate programs and students on a daily basis. They provide graduate students with access to excellent classroom, office and laboratory facili-ties, and provide a cost-effective program, training students with unique expertise in high-demand disciplines. In addition to the above responsibilities, BAE faculty have played key roles in developing and operating the following interdisciplinary Graduate Certificate Programs: (1) “Embedded System De-sign” (CIS, EECE and BAE, 2001); (2) Biobased Products and Bioenergy” (ChE, AGRON, BAE, and GSI, 2009); and (3) “Agricultural Re-source and Environmental Management” (BAE AGRON, AgEcon and Sociology, 2009). BAE graduate programs are the only such graduate programs in the state of Kansas. They are unique in that they are designed to produce graduates who can apply engineering knowledge in the broad fields of the agricultural industry, natural resources and environmental protection, and processing of biological materials. Interna-tionally, BAE graduate programs have enjoyed good reputation, especially in countries with major agricultural industry. For example, during the past years, the department has had several international students supported by scholarships from their home countries or international orga-nizations. Demand for graduates of our programs has been high, as indicated later in this section. BAE M.S. students specialize in areas of environ-mental engineering, bioprocessing engineering, information and electrical technology, machin-ery systems, natural resource engineering, and structures and environment. About 50% of M.S. graduates further their education by pursuing Ph.D. degrees at other institutions. Applicants for the M.S. BAE program are evaluated using the following criteria: academic record, professional preparation, research experience and potential to succeed. M.S. students complete and defend a research-based thesis while being assessed by a supervisor. M.S. students complete one refereed journal publication during their tenure in the program. BAE Ph.D. students specialize in areas of environmental engineering, bioprocessing engi-neering, information and electrical technology, machinery systems, natural resource engineering,

Graduate Report

Gradua

te21

and structures and environment. A majority of Ph.D. graduates (70%) take faculty positions at various universities. Others are hired by businesses, industry and government agencies. Ph.D. stu-dents serve as graduate research assistants to fulfill the commitments of competitive grant-funded projects. As research assistants, they have averaged 2.7 refereed publications and 3.2 conference presentations during their time at K-State. Desired student learning outcomes of the program include the following:

n Ability to solve advanced biological and agricultural engineering problems using math, science, computation and analysis skills

n Ability to critically synthesize and evaluate informationn Advanced knowledge in the area of specializationn Ability to plan and conduct scholarly activitiesn Effectiveness in collaboration and leadershipn Ability to communicate effectively both in written and oral formsn Understanding of professional and ethical responsibilityn Recognition of the need for and ability to engage in life-long learning and professional service

Graduate Report

Gradua

te

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Kansas State University is a unique public center of higher education since it is a designated land grant university with a core mission of teach-ing, research and extension. Each core area has a responsibility for discovery and dissemination of knowledge. A unique aspect of the land grant uni-versity is extension, where the purpose is discovery and dissemination of knowledge for Kansans not enrolled in fee-based university classes. The department of biological and agricultural engi-neering is the only department within the College of Engineering with faculty assigned extension tenths dedicated for this specific purpose. Tech-nology transfer methodologies include conducting of meetings and workshops, refereed publications of research projects, one-on-one technology trans-fer, and publication in extension-type bulletins or other appropriate media products to transfer research knowledge to users. Three main focus areas of the BAE extension program are targeted towards the food and fiber production systems:

n Conservation and protection of natural re-sources

n Application of precision technologiesn Development of practices to ensure sustainability

Specific programs are related to the following:

n Application technology focuses on protecting the environment through appropriate applica-tion of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers. This unique focus and program at Kansas State University is one of the few land grant univer-sity educational outreach programs remaining dedicated to meeting the needs of the applica-tion industry. Improved pest control product efficacy and drift mitigation protect natural resources and ensure sustainability of the indus-tries associated with food and fiber.  

n Utilization of guidance systems and precision farming technology in the food and fiber pro-duction systems results in practices which ben-efit society and the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and application rates of chemicals, pesticides and herbicides. These technologies improve the workplace environ-ment, reduce human fatigue and stress, and bet-ter enable a farmer to feed an increasing global population. Effective extension programs enable end users to understand financial and environmental benefits of implementing and utilizing technologies in production practices.

n Sustainability of the High Plains region is dependent upon effective and efficient utiliza-tion of irrigation water. The BAE extension program has developed the Mobile Irrigation Laboratory to assist producers in developing strategies to efficiently utilize groundwater. The

MIL program provides educational opportuni-ties about new methods of water application such as nozzle packages for center pivots and drip irrigation systems, and the importance of pumping efficiency, irrigation scheduling and water application devices. The extension program provides knowledge to managers of water rights, enabling them to make effective decisions to conserve this natural resource while being sustainable.

n The AgrAbility Project uses extension outreach and education to help enable a lifestyle of high quality for farmers, ranchers and other agri-cultural workers with disabilities, so that they, their families and their communities continue to succeed in rural Kansas. Success is measured in many ways, such as gainful employment in production agriculture or a related occupa-tion; access to appropriate assistive technology needed for work and daily living activities; evidence-based information related to treat-ment and rehabilitation of disabling conditions; and targeted support for family caregivers of AgrAbility customers. Since 2002, the Kansas AgrAbility Project has provided direct, on-farm assistance to more than 780 Kansans.

n Protection of our natural resources is the primary focus of the environmental quality programs. Targeting educational programs to specific watersheds for implementation of best management farming practices reduces soil ero-sion and improves water quality downstream. Livestock producers have responsibilities for protecting the environment as well as the health and well being of livestock. Best management practices are promoted utilizing different sys-tems for addressing environmental issues related to livestock operations.

n Environmental leadership training through the Kansas Environmental Leadership Program (KELP) prepares individuals to be leaders engaged in their community’s processes for promoting environmental quality concerns and issues. The program has empowered individuals to serve on river basin advisory committees and watershed restoration and protection strategy teams, assist with water festivals and promote best management practices to other producers.

n Alternative and sustainable energy is at the forefront of society needs. Renewable energy and bio-fuels are increasingly important to Kansans. Biofuels provide opportunities for enhanced value of products and diversifying revenue streams, and environmental benefits. Educational outreach provides opportunities to increase the knowledge base of Kansans desiring to learn about potential application and benefits of alternative and sustainable energy sources.

Extension Report

Extens

ion Re

port

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Adviso

ryThe purpose of the BAE Advisory Council shall be—n to provide advice from the perspective of alumni, successful engineering practitioners,

industry and business leaders, and other external entities regarding the relevance of our programs and the efficiency of our internal operations;

n to provide a connection between our faculty and students on campus and the various industries they represent; and

n to provide leadership to the many K-State engineering alumni. This leadership comes in the form of service and financial support.

Advisory Council

Donald Baker, P.E., D.WRE, CPESCPrincipal and OwnerWater Resources Solutions, LLC

Craig CowleySenior Process EngineerHills Pet Nutrition

Casee M. EiseleSenior EngineerGlobal Sprayer Cab DevelopmentJohn Deere Product Engineering Center

Jeff GrimmField EngineerCapstan Ag Systems, Inc.

Miles Keaton, P.E.Product Engineering Manager, WW BalersJohn Deere

Terry MedleySection ChiefLivestock Management SectionKansas Department of Health & Environment

Carl Nuzman, P.E., P.Hg.Independent Civil Engineer

Adrienne RosecransAir Compliance EngineerExxonMobil U.S. Production

Kevin Stamm, P.E.Hydraulic EngineerU.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Dale Turner, P.E.Director, Project ManagementICM, Inc.

Mike O’Halloran, P.E.Engineering Manager-Current ProductsAGCO Corporation

Contac

tContact Information

Joseph P. Harner III Professor/Interim Dept. Head 129 Seaton Hall 785-532-5580 jharner@ksu.edu

Mahbub Alam Professor 143-A Seaton Hall 785-532-2932 malam@ksu.edu

Philip L. Barnes Associate Professor 047 Seaton Hall 785-532-2921 lbarnes@ksu.edu Edwin Brokesh Instructor 154 Seaton Hall 785-532-2907 ebrokesh@ksu.edu

Gary A. Clark Professor/Senior Assoc. Dean 1046 Rathbone Hall 785-532-5590 gac@ksu.edu

Kyle Douglas-Mankin Professor 048 Seaton Hall 785-532-2911 krdm@ksu.edu

Stacy L. Hutchinson Associate Professor 043-B Seaton Hall 785-532-2943 sllhutch@ksu.edu James Koelliker Professor 043-C Seaton Hall 785-532-2904 koellik@ksu.edu Ronaldo Maghirang Professor 159 Seaton Hall 785-532-2908 rmaghir@ksu.edu J. Pat Murphy Professor 123 Umberger Hall 785-532-5838 jmurphy@ksu.edu

Randy Price Assistant Professor 148 Seaton Hall 785-532-2929 rrprice@ksu.edu

Danny H. Rogers Professor 151 Seaton Hall 785-532-2933 drogers@ksu.edu John Slocombe Professor 149 Seaton Hall 785-532-2906 slocombe@ksu.edu James Steichen Professor 026 Seaton Hall 785-532-2101 steichen@ksu.edu Donghai Wang Associate Professor 150 Seaton Hall 785-532-2919 dwang@ksu.edu Robert Wolf Professor 145 Seaton Hall 785-532-2935 rewolf@ksu.edu Wenqiao Yuan Assistant Professor 158 Seaton Hall 785-532-2745 wyuan@ksu.edu Naiqian Zhang Professor 160 Seaton Hall 785-532-2910 zhangn@ksu.edu

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Biological and Agricultural EngineeringKansas State University129 Seaton HallManhattan, KS 66506-2906

Notice of nondiscriminationKansas State University is committed to nondiscrimination on the basis of race, sex, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, or other nonmerit reasons, in admissions, educational programs or activities and employment (including employment of disabled veterans and veterans of the Vietnam Era), as required by applicable laws and regulations. Responsibility for coordination of compliance efforts and receipt of inquiries concerning Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, and the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, has been delegated to Clyde Howard, Director of Affirmative Action, Kansas State University, 214 Anderson Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506-0124, (Phone) 785-532-6220; (TTY) 785-532-4807.