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ANKIT SHARMA 1
By :ANKIT SHARMAVII SEM ECEJECRC
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ANKIT SHARMA 2
SUN SHINE AUTOMATION INDIA LIMITED
SIEMENS
Authorized
Service
Business
Partner
Automation
& Drives
Division.
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What is Automation ?
Automation is basically the delegation of human control
function to technical equipment for
Increasing Productivity
Increasing Quality
Reducing Cost
Increasing Safety in working conditions
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Productivity
Quality Labour Cost
Plant
Total Automation Manufacturing
Competitiveness
Solution
Automation applied to plant
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Manual Control
Hard wired logic Control
Electronic Control using Logic GatesProgrammable Logic Controller
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A Programmable logical controller is a specializedcomputer used to control machines and processes.
It uses a programmable memory to storeinstructions and specific functions that includeON/OFF control ,sequencing, arithmetic and datahandling.
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Reduced space Energy saving
Ease of maintenance Economical Greater life & reliability Tremendous flexibility
Shorter project time Easier storage, archiving and documentation
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Too much work required in connecting wires.
Difficulty with changes or replacements.
Difficulty in finding errors; requiring skillful workforce.
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Automate_siemens_codeur_analyseur_de_trame.JPG8/4/2019 Ankit sharma PTS
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The PLC is programmed interface between the field I/p element
like limit switches, sensors, push button and the final control
elements like actuator, solenoid/control valves, drives,
hooters etc
PLC consist of :-
1. Power Supply
2. CPU with Processor and Program memory
3. Input Module4. Output Module
5. Comm Port
6. Programming Device [PC/Laptop]
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1. SMALL - it covers units with up to 128 I/Os and memories up to 2
Kbytes.
- these PLCs are capable of providing simple to advance
levels or machine controls.
2. MEDIUM - have up to 2048 I/Os and memories up to 32 Kbytes.
3. LARGE - the most sophisticated units of the PLC family. They have
up to 8192 I/Os and memories up to 750 Kbytes.
- can control individual production processes or entire
plant.
PLC Size
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Hardware configuration
A pictorial view---
Powersupply
CPUSignal Module
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Configuration of PLC : Siemens
CPU
External Power
Supply
I/O Modules
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Configuration of PLC : Modicon
8 Analog Inputs 1Analog Output
Up/Down FastCounter
Up Counter
Programming Terminal PC Connection
Unitelway Port for connectionof up to 5 Slaves PCMCIA memory expansion port
PCMCIA communications port
Built in display for I/O(in-rack, AS-i) and Diag
I/O Modules
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Function block diagrams (FBDs)
Structured text (ST)Instruction List (IL)
Sequential function charts (SFCs)
Ladder logic.
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In PLC programming things (I\O) are Either True Or
FalseIn case the inputs are true the rung becomes true and
an output occurs.
It is a graphical language very popular for
programming
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Power flows through these contacts when they
are closed. The normally open (NO) is true whenthe input or output status bit controlling the
contact is 1. The normally closed (NC) is true
when the input or output status bit controlling
the contact is 0.
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Machine controls,
Packaging,
Material handling,similar Sequential task as well as Process control.
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Modicon
Allen Bradley
SiemensABB
Mitsubishi
GE FanucOmron
Messung
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SCADA is Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA refers to a system that collects data from
various sensors at factory or plant & then sends thisdata to central computer which manage or controldata.
SCADA is used to control chemical plant processes, oiland gas pipelines, electrical generation andtransmission equipment, manufacturing facilities,
water purification and distribution infrastructure, etc.
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Typically, there are three major elements that
make up a SCADA system:
The master terminal unit (MTU)
The remote terminal unit (RTU)
The communications equipment
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Basic System Components
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The MTU is known as Master Transmission Unit
It is the heart of the system
The MTU communicates with other peripheraldevices in the facility like monitors, printers, andother
The primary interface to the operator is the
monitor or CRT . Representation of valves, pumps, etc. As incoming
data changes, the screen is updated
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Connected to sensors in the
process, converting sensor signal to digital
one and sending digital data to the
supervisory system. As the name suggest it is remotely located in
the plant that sends data to MTU.
Relationship between MTU and RTU is
typically defined as a master and slave.
The major difference between the MTU and
RTU is that the MTU initiates virtually all
communications between the two.ANKIT SHARMA 28
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Communication equipment is required for bi-
directional communications between an RTU and the
MTU.
This can be done through public transmission media or
atmospheric means
SCADA systems are capable of communicating using a
wide variety of media such as Fiber optics, dial-up, or
dedicated voice grade telephone lines, or radio
frequency ANKIT SHARMA 29
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Features of typical SCADA software
Dynamic process graphic
Real-time and Historical trending Alarms
Recipe Management
Security
Device connectivity
Database connectivity
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Example Alarm Page
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Example Trending Chart
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Wonder ware : In Touch
Intellution : Fix DMACS
Merz : AspicAllen Bradley : Rsview
Siemens : WinCC
GE Fanuc : CimplicityKPIT : ASTRA
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CONCLUSION
Using a SCADA system for their controls ensures a commonframework not only for the development of the specific applicationsbut also for operating the detectors. Operators experience the same"look and feel" whatever part of the experiment they control.However, this aspect also depends to a significant extent on properengineering.
PLC is an industrial computer control system that continuouslymonitors the state of input devices and makes decisions based upona custom program to control the state of output devices. A digitallyoperating electronic system, designed for use in an industrialenvironment, which uses a programmable memory for the internal
storage of user oriented instruction for implementing specificfunctions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting, arithmetic, tocontrol various types of machines or processes through digital oranalog inputs.
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SCADA and Industrial Automation Security,http://www.scadasec.nethttp://www.ea.doe.gov/pdfs/21stepsbooklet.pdf
Critical Infrastructure Protection: Challenges and Efforts to
Secure Control Systemshttp://www.gao.gov/new.items/d04354.pdf
Myths and Facts Behind Cyber Security of IndustrialControls http://www.pimaweb.org/conferences/
SCADA Gospel Archives (edited archives of the SCADAmailing list)http://members.iinet.net.au/~ianw/archive/book1
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