Animal Farm by George Orwell

Remember: a symbol gives additional meaning to things.

Heart = loveBrain = intelligence

An allegory is a story that has additional meaning throughout the entire plot. Everything

actually means more and the reader or the audience must figure it out.

Allegory: a symbolic story

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Animal Farm is an allegory

What is the allegory in Animal Farm about?

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Animal Farm:• allegorical farmyard tale satirizing government

• It’s about the pitfalls of government and mankind

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Let's look at the government of Russia in

1905. Who are you?

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If you are the Tsar…You are the king

You make the rules and laws of the country

You don’t get paid because you don’t have to pay for things

You use money to improve the country and its citizens

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You live here…

If you are the Tsar…Your neighborhood is…

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If you are Nobility…Your job is to collect

money from the workers

You make a lot of money each month

You give your opinion to help make rules and laws.

You own fancy things8

This is also your neighborhood…

If you are Nobility…You live here…

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If you are Middle Class..You are doctors,

lawyers, teachers, nurses, professors, etc.

You have nice homes

Some of you live in the same neighborhood as the nobility

You make decent money

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You work in the fields

If you are the Proletariat…You make $20 a month

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There is no running water

If you are proletariat…Your children work too

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If you are Proletariat…There are 16 people

to an apartment

6 people share a room

You are the workers of the country

If it was not for you, no one would eat

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Tsarism is a Monarchy: government ruled by king or queen and passed down through family.Who does this type of government benefit? Is it fair?

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The Last Tsar of RussiaNikolai Aleksandrovich Romanov (Nicholas II)

The last TsarLife under the Tsar was getting bad

Living and working conditions were growing worse

Something had to change

Enter the Communist Party…Poor working conditions and scarce

resources were making the Russian people unhappy with the Tsar

The communist Bolshevik party began to form in Russia

Born a Jew in Germany in 1818

Envisioned a classless society

He argued that the workers should revolt and that property and wealth should be redistributed fairly.

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Karl Marx: Father of Communism

Karl MarxPeople should

contribute what they could and, in return, receive enough to support themselves.

Karl Marx, in 1847, wrote his Communist Manifesto, spelling out the basics of communism

Karl Marx hoped for a Utopian society without any inequality

“Utopia” is a term for an ideal society.

In Greek, this word means

“no place.”

What do YOU think the Greek meaning foreshadows?

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Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto

Marxist Theory1. All historical change comes from class

struggles.

2. Communism is the highest and final stage of development.

3. In societies based on Capitalism…the rulers are the wealthy class (capitalists). The working class provides the labor. Who always profits? The Capitalists!

4. The ruling class will never give up their power willingly.

Marxist Theory5. The result of this relationship between the

different classes = struggle & violence!

6. Capitalists enslave the working class. Marx believes workers should set up a planned community.

7. All industries should be controlled by the state—not individuals.

These are the basic ideas of pure Communism

Bloody Sunday-1905Opposition of the

Tsar had vastly grown

Unarmed workers march to the Winter Palace, where the Tsar and his family were living in St. Petersburg, in a peaceful demonstration

They are gunned down by the Tsar’s men

Considered one of the key events that lead to the Russian Revolution

The march to revolution…After Bloody Sunday, Tsar Nicholas forms the

Duma….a form of congress

The Duma actually had very little power

Unrest continues to grow

Enter Rasputin…the Evil Monk!

Did you say Evil Monk?....Yes I did!

Grigori Rasputin was a Russian Orthodox Christian Monk

Believed he was a faith healer and mystic and gained fame

The Tsarina brings Rasputin to the palace

Tsar Nicholas had a son Alexi

Alexi had hemophilia-his blood didn’t clot normally

Tsarina Alexandra Romanov, desperate to help her son, brought Rasputin to the palace

Rasputin heals Alexi during a bleeding episode, gaining the trust of the Tsarina

Rasputin gains influence over Royal Family

As Tsar Nicholas was away fighting in WWI, Rasputin became a confidant and advisor of the Tsarina

Rasputin essentially became the ruler of Russia

Russia’s economy worsenedThe people began to blame

the Tsarina and Rasputin

A time to kill…To save the Tsar’s throne, noblemen loyal to

Tsar Nicholas murder RasputinIt took a few tries…

Poisoned with cyanide—no effectShot point blank and got up and ranShot 2 more times, clubbed, hands tied and

then dropped in frozen riverCause of death—Drowning!

In 1917, the workers did upriseThe Bolshevik party

(communists) eventually took power.

The Bolsheviks were led

by Vladimir Lenin, the same leader of the Bloody Sunday protest. Russia became the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics )

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You and your family were shot and killed in your basement

The entire family was told they were going to take a family picture

The girls did not die so they were stabbed

They still did not die so then they were shot in the head

If you are the Tsar…Sorry!!!

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Lenin sets up communist governmentThis new government, led by Lenin, owns

everything, but provides education, healthcare, food, etc. to the people.

Lenin’s reign is most remembered for the Red Terror-executions of anyone who opposed him-concentration camps

You had to get a job…You neighborhood has

been set on fire

You work 14 hours a day

Your wife had to sell all her jewelry for $2

You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education

If you are Nobility…

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You work the same job…You work for the

government now.

You have the same job but you only work 6 hours a day

You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education

If you are Middle Class…

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You have the same job but with some changes…You now work only 14

hours a day

You have no choices over rules and laws still but you love your new ruler

You now make $30 a month but you get free healthcare and education

If you are the Proletariat…

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Lenin was so loved by the people that he was embalmed and put on display after his death in 1924.

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In 1924, people could go see him and say goodbye

His brain was removed and saved…They can still do that now, too. Yep, he’s still there!

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The Rise of Stalin: Leon Trotsky-Lenin’s 2nd in command

A leader during the Bolshevik Revolution

2nd in command during Lenin’s reign

Editor of the Pravda

Pravda—remember learning about propaganda?!Newspaper-name means “Truth”

Government controlled the news

After Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky struggled over who should be in power.

Even though it was no longer a Monarchy, Russian citizens still did not get to choose their leader.

Stalin vs. Trotsky

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Young Stalin

Trotsky lost. He was exiled to Mexico and eventually assassinated by a Soviet agent.

Militant Stalin

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• Stalin had been a leader in the Bolshevik party under Lenin

Stalin ruled the Soviet Union from 1929 until his death in 1953.

He was responsible for the USSR becoming a major industrial power.

He also killed or imprisoned millions of people in the great “purges.”

Millions of people who were suspected of being a threat to the party were executed or exiled to labor camps called gulags (concentration camps)

Is this the Utopia they dreamed of?

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The End?The Utopian dream was not achieved.

Many people were worse off under Soviet rule than they had been under Tsarist rule.

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The USSR became a communist society where people were all equal but had no choices and made no decisions. The government made all the decisions. Whether you worked 3 hours or worked 12 hours you still made the same amount. You do not choose how much you work.What are the benefits to this type of government? What are the down sides to this government? Is it fair?

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What is it really all about?

So let’s look further into communism

Class,

Due to poor grades the last 6-weeks, I have decided to give everyone the same grade for the Animal Farm unit. Everyone will be receiving a C. You will still complete work individually; however, the entire class will receive the same grade. This will prevent anyone from failing as has happened in the past few units. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask or email me.

Thank you,

Ms. Rathmann

1% of Americans control 40% of the wealth in the country.How do you feel about this statistic? Do you

think it is fair? Unfair? Explain your reasons.

SWBAT describe capitalism and communism

SWBAT compare and contrast communism and capitalism

SWBAT evaluate communism and capitalism

Work all the way to reading comprehension questions.