ANGIOSPERMS FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERMS FLOWERING PLANTS

EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGES 1. Seed production 2. Seed dispersal 3. Broad leafs-loose leaves

4. Root modified for storage

EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGES 1. Seed production 2. Seed dispersal 3. Broad leafs-loose leaves

4. Root modified for storage

ANGIOSPERMS VS GYMNOSPERMSANGIOSPERMS VS GYMNOSPERMS

Angiosperm vs Gymnosperm

1. Xylem in abundance 1. Mostly tracheids

2. Flowers and fruit 2. Naked seed-cone

3. Form pistil for pollen tube 3. Grows directly to ovule

4. Triploid endosperm 4. Haploid endosperm

5. Have vessels-long narrow 5. Have tracheids

6. Leaves lost in cold climates

Angiosperm vs Gymnosperm

1. Xylem in abundance 1. Mostly tracheids

2. Flowers and fruit 2. Naked seed-cone

3. Form pistil for pollen tube 3. Grows directly to ovule

4. Triploid endosperm 4. Haploid endosperm

5. Have vessels-long narrow 5. Have tracheids

6. Leaves lost in cold climates

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

1. Monocotyledones: lilies, grasses, cattails, palms

a. Leaves exhibit parallel veins b. Flower parts in threes or multiples of 3 c. Embryos have one cotyledon d. Monocots more often possess swollen

underground storage e. Endosperm usually present in mature

monocot h. Scattered vascular bundles i. No secondary growth

1. Monocotyledones: lilies, grasses, cattails, palms

a. Leaves exhibit parallel veins b. Flower parts in threes or multiples of 3 c. Embryos have one cotyledon d. Monocots more often possess swollen

underground storage e. Endosperm usually present in mature

monocot h. Scattered vascular bundles i. No secondary growth

FLOWERSFLOWERS

A. Corolla- petals 1. Composed of petals 2. Functions to attract pollinators to flower

B. Calyx 1. Composed of sepals 2. Similarities in leaves and sepals, share common

evolutionary origin a. Pattern of veins b. Coloration and form C. Carpel-traditionally called pistil(female) 1. Primitive plants have leaf like carpels 2. Slender style between ovary and receptive stigma 3. Ovary a. Megasporangium(2N) b. Meiosis produces megaspores c. Develop into ovules 1. 2 polar nuclei(2N total) 2. 1 egg nuclei(N)

A. Corolla- petals 1. Composed of petals 2. Functions to attract pollinators to flower

B. Calyx 1. Composed of sepals 2. Similarities in leaves and sepals, share common

evolutionary origin a. Pattern of veins b. Coloration and form C. Carpel-traditionally called pistil(female) 1. Primitive plants have leaf like carpels 2. Slender style between ovary and receptive stigma 3. Ovary a. Megasporangium(2N) b. Meiosis produces megaspores c. Develop into ovules 1. 2 polar nuclei(2N total) 2. 1 egg nuclei(N)

D. Stamen(male) 1. Composed of filament plus anther 2. Pollen produced in and matures in anthers 3 Anther contains microsporangia or pollen sacs a. Microspore mother cells produce

microspores-develop into pollen grains

b. Mature microgametophytes 1. Two are sperm nuclei 2. Third is tube nucleus that grows

into pollen tube 3. Pollen carried by numerous

animals E. Enhanced by various reward systems like nectar

from nectariesF. Evolution of floral characteristics associated with pollination

D. Stamen(male) 1. Composed of filament plus anther 2. Pollen produced in and matures in anthers 3 Anther contains microsporangia or pollen sacs a. Microspore mother cells produce

microspores-develop into pollen grains

b. Mature microgametophytes 1. Two are sperm nuclei 2. Third is tube nucleus that grows

into pollen tube 3. Pollen carried by numerous

animals E. Enhanced by various reward systems like nectar

from nectariesF. Evolution of floral characteristics associated with pollination

DICOTDICOT Dicotyledones: trees, shrubs, snapdragons, mints

a. Leaves exhibit netlike veins b. Flower parts in fours or five's or multiples

c. Embryos have two cotyledon-starch and food source for embryo

d. No endosperm in mature seed e. Concentrated vascular tissue f. Cambium provides secondary growth

Dicotyledones: trees, shrubs, snapdragons, mints

a. Leaves exhibit netlike veins b. Flower parts in fours or five's or multiples

c. Embryos have two cotyledon-starch and food source for embryo

d. No endosperm in mature seed e. Concentrated vascular tissue f. Cambium provides secondary growth