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Tor Research and Development Andrew Lewman [email protected] November 4, 2009

Andrew Lewman [email protected] November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

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Page 1: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Tor Research and Development

Andrew [email protected]

November 4, 2009

Page 2: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

The Tor Project, Inc.

501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to the research anddevelopment of technologies for online anonymity and privacy

Page 3: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

What is Tor?

• online anonymity software and network

• open source, freely available (3-clause BSD license)

• active research environment:Rice, UMN, NSF, NRL, Drexel, Waterloo, Cambridge UK,Bamberg Germany, Boston U, Harvard, MIT, RPI, GaTech

• increasingly diverse toolset:Tor, Torbutton, Tor Browser Bundle, TorVM, IncognitoLiveCD, Tor Weather, Tor auto-responder, Secure Updater,Orbot, TorFox, Torora, Portable Tor, Tor Check, Arm,Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall

Page 4: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

What is Tor?

• online anonymity software and network

• open source, freely available (3-clause BSD license)

• active research environment:Rice, UMN, NSF, NRL, Drexel, Waterloo, Cambridge UK,Bamberg Germany, Boston U, Harvard, MIT, RPI, GaTech

• increasingly diverse toolset:Tor, Torbutton, Tor Browser Bundle, TorVM, IncognitoLiveCD, Tor Weather, Tor auto-responder, Secure Updater,Orbot, TorFox, Torora, Portable Tor, Tor Check, Arm,Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall

Page 5: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

What is Tor?

• online anonymity software and network

• open source, freely available (3-clause BSD license)

• active research environment:Rice, UMN, NSF, NRL, Drexel, Waterloo, Cambridge UK,Bamberg Germany, Boston U, Harvard, MIT, RPI, GaTech

• increasingly diverse toolset:Tor, Torbutton, Tor Browser Bundle, TorVM, IncognitoLiveCD, Tor Weather, Tor auto-responder, Secure Updater,Orbot, TorFox, Torora, Portable Tor, Tor Check, Arm,Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall

Page 6: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

What is Tor?

• online anonymity software and network

• open source, freely available (3-clause BSD license)

• active research environment:Rice, UMN, NSF, NRL, Drexel, Waterloo, Cambridge UK,Bamberg Germany, Boston U, Harvard, MIT, RPI, GaTech

• increasingly diverse toolset:Tor, Torbutton, Tor Browser Bundle, TorVM, IncognitoLiveCD, Tor Weather, Tor auto-responder, Secure Updater,Orbot, TorFox, Torora, Portable Tor, Tor Check, Arm,Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall

Page 7: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

estimated 300,000 daily users

]

Page 8: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Who funds Tor?

Page 9: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Who uses Tor?

• Normal people

• Law Enforcement

• Human Rights Activists

• Business Execs

• Militaries

• Abuse Victims

Page 10: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

http://freehaven.net/anonbib/

]

Page 11: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Performance

• Circuit Latency

• Relay capacity estimation

• bandwidth authorities

• cell sizing

Page 12: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Metrics

• Measuring metrics anonymously

• NSF grant to find out

• Metrics portal:https://www.torproject.org/projects/metrics

Page 13: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Metrics

• Measuring metrics anonymously

• NSF grant to find out

• Metrics portal:https://www.torproject.org/projects/metrics

Page 14: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Metrics

• Measuring metrics anonymously

• NSF grant to find out

• Metrics portal:https://www.torproject.org/projects/metrics

Page 15: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Bridge Distribution Strategies

• Websites, email, social media tools are working well.

[email protected]• https://bridges.torproject.org• Twitter, QQ, Wordpress Plugin

• Bootstrapping problem.

Page 16: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Bridge Distribution Strategies

• Websites, email, social media tools are working well.• [email protected]• https://bridges.torproject.org• Twitter, QQ, Wordpress Plugin

• Bootstrapping problem.

Page 17: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Bridge Distribution Strategies

• Websites, email, social media tools are working well.• [email protected]• https://bridges.torproject.org• Twitter, QQ, Wordpress Plugin

• Bootstrapping problem.

Page 18: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Censorship Resistance

• Theoretical blocking strategies from the censors?

(Cryptographers can dream up some pretty fancy strategies)

• Applied blocking to date• dns blocking• ip address blocking• blocking or throttling all SSL

• Blocking resistant strategies

Page 19: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Censorship Resistance

• Theoretical blocking strategies from the censors?(Cryptographers can dream up some pretty fancy strategies)

• Applied blocking to date• dns blocking• ip address blocking• blocking or throttling all SSL

• Blocking resistant strategies

Page 20: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Censorship Resistance

• Theoretical blocking strategies from the censors?(Cryptographers can dream up some pretty fancy strategies)

• Applied blocking to date

• dns blocking• ip address blocking• blocking or throttling all SSL

• Blocking resistant strategies

Page 21: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Censorship Resistance

• Theoretical blocking strategies from the censors?(Cryptographers can dream up some pretty fancy strategies)

• Applied blocking to date• dns blocking• ip address blocking• blocking or throttling all SSL

• Blocking resistant strategies

Page 22: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Censorship Resistance

• Theoretical blocking strategies from the censors?(Cryptographers can dream up some pretty fancy strategies)

• Applied blocking to date• dns blocking• ip address blocking• blocking or throttling all SSL

• Blocking resistant strategies

Page 23: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Operating Systems leak info like a sieve

• Applications, networkstacks, plugins, oh my....

some call this ”sharing”

• Did you know MicrosoftWord and OpenOfficeWriter are browsers?

• http://www.decloak.net/ isa fine test

Page 24: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Operating Systems leak info like a sieve

• Applications, networkstacks, plugins, oh my....some call this ”sharing”

• Did you know MicrosoftWord and OpenOfficeWriter are browsers?

• http://www.decloak.net/ isa fine test

Page 25: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Operating Systems leak info like a sieve

• Applications, networkstacks, plugins, oh my....some call this ”sharing”

• Did you know MicrosoftWord and OpenOfficeWriter are browsers?

• http://www.decloak.net/ isa fine test

Page 26: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Operating Systems leak info like a sieve

• Applications, networkstacks, plugins, oh my....some call this ”sharing”

• Did you know MicrosoftWord and OpenOfficeWriter are browsers?

• http://www.decloak.net/ isa fine test

Page 27: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Mobile Operating Systems

• Entirely new set of challenges for something designed to knowwhere you are

• Orbot: Tor on Android.http://openideals.com/2009/10/22/orbot-proxy/

• iphone, maemo, symbian, etc

• Tor on Windows CE, http://www.gsmk.de as an example.

Page 28: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Mobile Operating Systems

• Entirely new set of challenges for something designed to knowwhere you are

• Orbot: Tor on Android.http://openideals.com/2009/10/22/orbot-proxy/

• iphone, maemo, symbian, etc

• Tor on Windows CE, http://www.gsmk.de as an example.

Page 29: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Mobile Operating Systems

• Entirely new set of challenges for something designed to knowwhere you are

• Orbot: Tor on Android.http://openideals.com/2009/10/22/orbot-proxy/

• iphone, maemo, symbian, etc

• Tor on Windows CE, http://www.gsmk.de as an example.

Page 30: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Mobile Operating Systems

• Entirely new set of challenges for something designed to knowwhere you are

• Orbot: Tor on Android.http://openideals.com/2009/10/22/orbot-proxy/

• iphone, maemo, symbian, etc

• Tor on Windows CE, http://www.gsmk.de as an example.

Page 31: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 32: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 33: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 34: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 35: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 36: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Anonymity Online Researchor attacks galore

• Website fingerprinting attacks

• Traffic confirmation attacks

• Timing attacks

• Routing zones/Autonomous System attacks

• Denial of Service resistance

• Parititioning/DHT/Shared Consensus Attacks

Page 37: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Next steps

Visit https://www.torproject.org/volunteer#Research formore information, links, and ideas.

Page 38: Andrew Lewman andrew@torproject.org November 4, 2009 · 11/4/2009  · Nymble, Tor Control, Tor Wall. What is Tor? online anonymity software and network open source, freely available

Credits & Thanks

• who uses tor?http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattw/2336507468/siz,Matt Westervelt, CC-BY-SA.

• danger!,http://flickr.com/photos/hmvh/58185411/sizes/o/,hmvh, CC-BY-SA.

• 300k, http://www.flickr.com/photos/lukaskracic/334850378/sizes/l/, Luka Skracic, used with permission.