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Andrew Jackson: 1767 - 1845. Essential Question:. Champion of the “Common Man”?. “King” Andrew?. OR. An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew” ?. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815. Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence. Election of 1824. 4 way race for President for D-R - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:
Champion of Champion of the the
“Common “Common Man”?Man”?
““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815
The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815
Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence
Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence
Election of 1824Election of 1824
• 4 way race for President for D-R– J.Q. Adams, H. Clay,
A. Jackson, W. Crawford
– All ran as Dem-Rep.
• Jackson won the popular vote but…– No one had electoral
majority
J.Q. Adams
H. Clay
JacksonCrawford
Election of 1824Election of 1824
• House of Reps. deadlocked
• Clay makes a deal with JQA to throw the votes to JQA if he chooses Clay to become Sec. of State
• JQA makes the deal and he becomes President
• Jackson calls the deal a “corrupt bargain”
Results of the 1824 ElectionResults of the 1824 ElectionResults of the 1824 ElectionResults of the 1824 Election
AA
““Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??
””
AA
““Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??
””
Increased Democratization Increased Democratization between 1824-1828between 1824-1828
Increased Democratization Increased Democratization between 1824-1828between 1824-1828
White male suffrage increased
No more land requirement to vote
Party nominating committees.
Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.
Rise of Third Parties.
Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)
Two-party system returned in the 1828 election:
National Republicans
Jacksonian-Democrats (1828)
Election of 1828Election of 1828
• JQA ran for Republicans• Jackson ran for Democrats• Jackson wins in a huge landslide
1828 Election Results1828 Election Results1828 Election Results1828 Election Results
The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”
The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”
• The Planter Elite in the South
• People on the Frontier
• State Politicians – spoils system
o Jackson gives government jobs to his friends
o Dangerous = May not be qualified
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common
Man”Man”
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common
Man”Man” Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” “establishment,” monopolies, & special monopolies, & special privilege.privilege.
His heart & soul was with His heart & soul was with thethe“plain folk.”“plain folk.”
Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal• Jackson’s Goal?
o Move Native Americans off land in order for settlement
• 1830 Indian Removal Act
o Native Americans to be moved to Oklahoma
• Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831)
o “domestic dependent nation”
o Native Americans were “wards” of the federal government
• Georgia trying to move Cherokee off lands
• Worcester sues in order for tribe to remain
• Marshall states that only the federal government can move them not the states
• Cherokee can remain
Samuel Worcester
Worcester v. Georgia Worcester v. Georgia 18321832
Worcester v. Georgia Worcester v. Georgia 18321832
• Jackson:Jackson: John Marshall has made hisJohn Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce decision, now let him enforce it! it!
• Jackson orders the US army to relocate the Native Americans to Oklahoma = Trail of Tears
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal
South Carolina Nullification South Carolina Nullification CrisisCrisis
• Tariff of 1828– forced South to buy
expensive Northern goods
– Called “Tariff of Abominations
• VP Calhoun said South Carolina can nullify the law– Threatened for South
Carolina to secede from the Union
Vice-President John C. Calhoun
South Carolina Nullification CrisisSouth Carolina Nullification Crisis
• VP Calhoun resigns in 1832• SC nullified tariffs of 1828
and 1832 – Jackson is FURIOUS
• Jackson passes Force Bill (1833)– Use federal army and
navy against SC to enforce laws
• Henry Clay (“The Great Compromiser”) proposes a bill to lower the tariff in February of 1933
• Crisis ends“Ill hang that treasonous Calhoun”
- Andrew Jackson
Jackson vs. Bank of the United StatesJackson vs. Bank of the United States
• Bank’s charter up for renewal in 1836• Jackson hated the Bank of U.S.
– All federal tax revenues deposited in it– Only elite made money off of it– Called it a “MONSTER”
Jackson vs. Bank of the United StatesJackson vs. Bank of the United States
• Jackson refused to renew the charter and vetoed an extension in 1832
• B.U.S. charter expires and five years later it is bankrupt
• Federal money put into “pet banks”– State banks
Jackson Killing the “Monster”Jackson Killing the “Monster”
The Downfall of “Mother The Downfall of “Mother Bank”Bank”
The Downfall of “Mother The Downfall of “Mother Bank”Bank”
The 1836 Election ResultsThe 1836 Election ResultsThe 1836 Election ResultsThe 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Martin Van BurenBuren
““Old Old Kinderhook”Kinderhook”
[O. K.][O. K.]
Panic of 1837Panic of 1837
• Pet banks would print tons of paper money– Made it worthless
• Jackson said land purchases had to be made only in gold or silver– Called specie
• Rush on the banks to trade paper for gold but banks did not have enough
+ Banks forced to close
+ Businesses went bankrupt
= PANIC OF 1837• Van Buren blamed for crisis
Martin Van Buren –8TH President (1837-41)
The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!
The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!
Legacy of JacksonLegacy of Jackson
• Expanded Executive Office Powers
• Economic Turmoil
• Whig Party Forms (1832)
– Federalists Pt. 2
• 1840 Election
– Harrison (Whig) defeats Van Buren
– Dies in Office
– VP John Tyler Takes over
• “His Accidency”
Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:
Champion of Champion of the the
“Common “Common Man”?Man”?
““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844
(one year before his death)(one year before his death)
Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844
(one year before his death)(one year before his death)
1767 - 18451767 - 1845
Resources
Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Horace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NYChappaqua, NY
Chris Balga. Hickory Ridge Chris Balga. Hickory Ridge HS, Harrisburg, NCHS, Harrisburg, NC
Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Horace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NYChappaqua, NY
Chris Balga. Hickory Ridge Chris Balga. Hickory Ridge HS, Harrisburg, NCHS, Harrisburg, NC
