Analogy Prepration for GMAT & Sat

ENGLISH::ANALOGY BBA(MGT)-RU

JAHANGIR ALAM E-mail: [email protected] 2 -

THE ANALOGY QUESTION

· Testing Tactics· Long-Range Strategies· Practice Exercises· Answer Key

Analogy questions ask you to determine the relationship in a pair of wordsand then recognize a similar or parallel relationship in a different pair of voids.You are given one pair of words. You must choose from the five pairs given asanswer choices another pair that is related in the same way. The relationshipbetween the words in the original pair will always be specific and precise; thesame is true for the relationship between the words in the correct pair.

Here are the standard directions for the analogy questions. Learn them now.The test time you would spend reading the directions can be better spentanswering questions.

Each question below consists of a related pair of words or phrases, followedby five lettered pairs of words or phrases labeled A through E. Select the pairthat best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.

Example: CRUMB : BREADA. ounce : unitB. splinter : woodC. water : bucketD. twine : ropeE. cream : butter

Just as a crumb is a fragment of bread, a splinter is a fragment of wood.The one is broken off from the other. Choice B is correct, Choice E is not.Though cream and butter, like bread, are things people eat, cream, is thesubstance out of which one makes butter. One makes bread out of flour or mealmixed with liquid, not out of crumbs.

Note how an SAT I (or any competitive test in Bangladesh) analogyquestion is set up. First you have the two capitalized words linked by a symbol.Take a look at a few examples.



ACTOR : STAGEAn actor is related to a stage. How? An actor works or performs on a stage.SCRIBBLE : WRITEScribble is related to write. How? To scribble is to write hastily, even crassly.DOG : POODLEDog is related to poodle. How? A poodle is a kind of dog.

Notice the wording of the tats sentence. You could equality have said“One kind of dog is a poodle” and maintained the word order of the analogy.However, as in the discussion of CRUMB : BREAD, it sometimes is easier toexpress a relationship if you reverse the order of the words.

Some of the analogy questions on SAT I are as clear-cut as the onesabove. Others are far more complex. In some questions, for example, you areasked to carry an analogy from a concrete example to more abstract or lesstangible one.

SURGEON : SCALPEL :: SATIRIST : WORDS

A surgeon literally uses a scalpel to make an incision, to cut. A satirist (awriter of literary satire) uses words to cut and ridicule the pride and folly of hissubjects.

As you can see, answering such questions correctly involves more thanknowing single meanings of words. You’ll find practice exercises containingboth straightforward and tricky analogies at the end of this chapter.

Analogy questions are a bit like riddles; they’re a kind of word game. Atfirst analogies may seem a strumming block to you, but once you master mytactics for solving them you may even find them fun.



Tactic – 01

BEFORE YOU LOOK AT THE CHOICES, TRY TO STATE THERELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CAPITALIZED WORDS.

In answering an analogy question, your first problem is to determine theexact nature of the relationship that exists between the two capitalized words,Before you look at the answer pairs, make up a sentence that snows how thesecapitalized words are related. Then test the possible answers by-seeing howwell they fit in your sentence. Take, for example, this analogy question:

CONSTELLATION : STARSA. prison : barsB. assembly : speakerC. troupe : actorD. mountain : peakE. flock : shepherds

A constellation is made up of stars. A troupe (not troop but troupe) ismade up of actors. Choice C is correct.



Tactic – 02

IF YOU ARE STUMPED BY AN UNFAMILIAR WORD, TRYTHINKING OF IT IN A CONTEXT.

Don’t let unfamiliar-looking words puzzle you, If you come across aword you don’t recognize, try to think of a phrase or sentence in which youhave heard it used. The context may help you come up with the word’smeaning.

COMPOSER : SYMPHONYA. porter : terminalB. writer : plagiarismC. coach : teamD. painter : muralE. doctor : stethoscope

First, come up with a test sentence: “A composer creates a symphony.”You are looking for a relationship between a worker and something he or shehas created. Here Choice C is correct. Because “A coach creates a team.”



Tactic – 03

IF MORE THAN ONE ANSWER FITS THE RELATIONSHIPIN YOUR SENTENCE, LOOK FOR A NARROWER

APPROACH.

When you try to express the relationship between the two capitalizedwords in sentence form, make sure you include enough details to particularizeyour analogy. Otherwise, more than one answer may fit the relationship, andyou will have to go back to the original pair of words and study them more.

Don’t let Choice E fool you: a flock is made up of sheep, not a shepherds.

Note, by the way, the characteristics of the analogy you have just analyzed.

CONSTELLATION : STARS (in the Tactic-02)It is a good analogy. The relationship between the words is built-in; if

you look up constellation in a dictionary, you will see that a constellation is agroup of stars. The words are related by definition.

Your correct answer choice has got to have the same characteristics asthe original pair. The words must have a clear relationship. They must berelated by definition. If you substitute them in your test sentence, they must fitit exactly.

Generally eliminate A and E: a porter works at a terminal; a doctor workswith a stethoscope. You can also eliminate choice C: no coach literally creates ateam in the same way that a composer creates a symphony.

Writers and painters, however, both create works of art. Which answeris better, B or D? If you know the meanings of plagiarism is a crime (passing offsomeone else’s work as your own), not a created work. “Colorful murals.” Amural is a picture painted on a wall. The correct answer is Choice D.

Consider this actual analogy from a recent SAT I.



TENTACLES : OCTOPUSA. petals : flowerB. tadpoles : frogC. claws : crashD. algae : seaweedE. quills : porcupine

Suppose your original sentence is “An octopus has tentacles.” Thatsentence is far too broad. If could equally well fit Choices A, C, and E

Go back to the original pair of words for more details. How does anoctopus use its tentacles? What function do they serve? “An octopus uses itstentacles for grasping.” Try the answer choices in this new test sentence. “ Aflower uses its petals for grasping.” That is false. “A porcupine uses its gulliesfor grasping.” It is false too. “A crab uses its claws for grasping.” Choice Cclearly is best.

Note, by the way, that in making your test sentence it was easier toexpress the relationship of TENTACLES : OCTOPUS by switching the order ofthe words. Whenever you do so, you must be sure to switch the order of thewords in the answer choices when you try them out in your test sentence.

Whether or not you reverse the order of the words in your test sentence,your sentence should reflect the relationship between the two capitalizedwords exactly. If it doesn’t, try again.



Tactic – 04

WATCH OUT FOR ERRORS CAUSED BY EYE-CATCHERS.

Sometimes the test-makers set out to tempt you into making a mistake.They come up with incorrect answer choices designed to catch your eye. Theseeye-catches can distract your attention from the real answer – but not if you’reaware of the test-makers’ game.

Try this next SAT I analogy question to see just how an eye-catcher works.

EBB : TIDEA. receive : radioB. splash : waveC. blossom : flowerD. wane : moonE. hibernate : bear

When you look at these answer choices,does Choice B seem to leap right off thepage? If it does, watch out –



Tactic – 05

WATCH OUT FOR ANSWER CHOICES THAT REVERSE THEORIGINAL RELATIONSHIP.

In an analogy you have two capitalized words that relate in a set way. Insetting up the answer choices, the SAT-makers will often tempt you with pairsthat relate in a grammatically or logically opposite way. See how it works in anexample from a recently published SAT I.

PERCEPTIVE : DISCERNA. determined : hesitateB. authoritarian : heedC. persistent : persevereD. abandoned : neglectE. restrained : rebel

At first glance, several of these answers may seem to work, “A perceptiveperson is someone who disarms or sees. Here is another recent SAT I questionto examine.

TYRANT : GOVERNA. inspector : examine B. inquisitor : question C. cynic : believeD. fugitive : escape E. volunteer : work

Suppose your original sentence was “A tyrant by definition rules orgoverns.” Again, that framework is too broad; it could work equally well forchoice A(“An inspector by definition investigates or examines”), Choice B(“Aninquisitor by definition inquires or questions”) or choice D(“A fugitive bydefinition escapes of flees”). According to the dictionary definition, however, atyrant is a very specific sort of ruler, one who governs in a particular manner.A tyrant governs peoples harshly, even brutally. Likewise, an inquisitorquestions people harshly, even brutally. The correct answer is choice B.



Remember, in answering analogy questions on SAT I, pay special attention tohow a dictionary would define the words involved.

You’ve run into an eye-catcher. Eye-catchers grab your attention becausethey somehow remind you of one (or both) of the capitalized word. In thiscase, splash and wave are both related to water, they immediately remind youto tide. The words feel as if they being together, and your immediate impulsemay be to mark down choice B.

Choice B, however, is wrong. When the tide ebbs, the waters recede ordiminish. When a wave splashes, the water spatters, scattering and falling indroplets. You are looking for a relationship in which something appears todiminish. In this case, the correct answer is choice D. When the moon wanes,it appears to diminish, decreasing in phase or intensity.

Clearly, “An abandoned persons someone who is neglected or forsaken.”Ask yourself who is doing what to whom? In the origin pair, the perceptiveperson is doing something; he or she is activity discoing or seeing something. Inchoice D, the abandoned person is not a person actively doing something; he orshe is the person to whom something is being done. The abandoned person isbeing neglected; he or she doesn’t get to neglect others. In other words, theabandoned persons the object of the verb neglect, not the verb’s subject. Theoriginal grammatical relationship is reversed. A similar flaw eliminates ChoiceB: an authoritarian person is someone who seeks to be heeded or obeyed; he orshe does not necessarily seek to heed someone else. Again, the originalrelationship is tumid inside out.

The correct answer to this question is choice C, By definition, aperceptive person is someone who discerns. In the same way, by definition, apersistent person is someone who discerns. In the same way, by definition, apersistent person is someone who perseveres.

Use this same tactic to rule out any eye-catching incorrect answer to asecond, more difficult SAT I question.

CENSURE : REPREHENSIBLEA. prize : valuable B. provide : supportive C. applaud :

enthusiasticD. inquire : informed E. continue : initial



Tactic – 06

BE GUIDED BY THE PARTS OF SPEECH.

Grammatical information can help you recognize analogy types and spotthe use of unfamiliar or secondary meanings of words.

In SAT analogy questions, the relationship between the parts of speech ofthe capitalized words and the parts of speech of the answer choices isconsistent. If your capitalized words are a noun and a verb, each one of youranswer pairs will be a noun and a verb. If they are an adjective and a noun,each one of your answer pairs will be an adjective and a noun. If you canrecognize the parts of speech in a single answer pair will be an adjective and anoun. If you can recognize the parts of speech in a single answer pair, youknow the parts of speech of every other answer pair, and of the original pair aswell.

Consider the analogy you faced in the previous tactic, CENSURE :RESPONSIBLE. If you hadn’t been alert, you might have though you weredealing, with a noun and an adjective: for your test sentence, you might havesettled on “Something reprehensible deserves censure,” With that testsentence, you never would have chosen choice A as the correct answer, itmakes no sense to say that something valuable deserves a prize.

Instead, looking at the first word of the other answer choices, you couldsee that they were all verbs. Thus, prize and censure had to be verbs as well.See how this tactic works in a somewhat difficult question the test-makers oncereleased.



Tactic – 07

CONSIDER SECONDARY MEANINGS OF WORDS AS WELLAS THEIR PRIMARY MEANINGS.

How can you tell that you are dealing with an unfamiliar secondarymeaning of an apparently familiar word? Simple, When you come across theword in an analogy, it makes no sense.

At that point, what do you do? First, try to think of the other contexts forthe problem word. Make up new sentences using it. Reverse the grammaticalorder of the pair. If the problem word is part of the capitalized pair, look overthe answer pairs to see whether you can come up with any clues to therelationship linking the capitalized pair.

Again, ask yourself who is doing what to whom. You censure ofcondemn something because it is reprehensible (blameworthy; objectionable).You applaud something, however, because you are enthusiastic. Choice C hasswitched relationships on you. In addition, it is an eye catcher, the wordsapplaud and censure feel related because they typically occur in the context ofjudging something and expressing approval or disapproval of it.

Choice C is incorrect. The correct answer is Choice A, Just as youcensure something because it is reprehensible, you prize of treasure somethingbecause it is valuable.

HUSBAND : RESOURCESA. conserve : energyB. spend : salaryC. predict : hurricaneD. analyze : salaryE. revise : story

At first glance, husband and resources seem only vaguely related. Afterall, a husband is a married man; he may have resources, or he may not,however, take a look at the answer pairs. Conserve : Spend, they’re verbs, notnouns. Husband must be a verb as well.



You now know you’re dealing with an unfamiliar meaning of husband.However, you also know that husbanding is an action that has something to dowith resources or assets. Typically, you do one of two things with resources orassists; save them or expend them. You’ve just narrowed things down to adecision between choice A.

conserve : energy, and Choice B, spend : salary. Choice A. To husbandresources is to use them economically, conserving them as much as you can.This is comparable to conserving energy.

See how this tactic works in handing a recent SAT I question involvingapparently familiar words.

MYSTIFY : UNDERSTANDINGA. nip : maturationB. insure : disasterC. rearrange : orderD. intensify : enduranceE. reciprocate : interchange

At first glance, this analogy is simple. To mystify is to bewilder someoneintentionally, to block that person’s understanding. The relationship betweenthe capitalized words are clear, However, this is the last question of a set,typically the hardest analogy question in that section. Its simplicity isdeceptive: this is a very easy question to get wrong. The problem lies not in theoriginal analogy but in the answer pairs.

Consider the answer choices closely. Choices C, D and E seem clearenough. To rearrange something is to alter the order in which you find it. Tointensify endurance is to increases stamina. To reciprocate is to make a mutualexchange or interchange. None of these possibilities fit the test sentence.Choice B is a bit more complex. Two possibilities for the relationship betweeninsure and disaster exist. One, to insure disaster is to make disaster certain orinevitable: if you leave your picnic basket and all your food at home, youensure disaster for your picnic. Two, to insure oneself is to protect oneselffinancially from loss caused by death or some other disaster this secondpossible sentence.



Tactic – 08

IN THE CAPITALIZED PAIRS, THE WORDS ARE ALWAYSCLEARLY LINKED.

One of your basic SAT strategies is to eliminate as many wrong answerchoices as you can. One way to spot a wrong answer in an analogy question isto look for answer pairs whose terms are only vaguely linked. In the capitalizedpairs, the words are always clearly linked;

AN OCTOPUS uses its TENTACLES for grasping. A PERCEPTIVEperson is someone who DISCERNS. To MYSTIFY someone is to block thatperson’s UNDER STANDING. In the answer pairs, the following relativelysimple analogy from an SAT.

Most of these answer choices are easy to express in clear sentences thatreflect the words dictionary definitions. By definition, a concert is a musicalperformance in which musicians play. A pool is a place in which people swim.A subject is a scene, person or object that an artist chooses to represent orsketch. But what about choices B and D? A program of schedule of events mayinclude lecturing, but not necessarily defined as such. There is no necessary,specific connection to link the words in either of these choices. Therefore,eliminate Choices B and D. Which of the other answer choices is correct? Theanswer is of course choice C. Just as a stage is a place where people act, a pool isa place where people swim.

One word of caution. There is a difference between words that seem tobe related but are actually only casually linked and words that, at first glance,seem to have no relationship at all. When you first looked at the answer choicenip: maturation (in Tactic – 07), it looked completely absurd. You couldn’teven begin to come up with a sentence linking nip (in the sense of bite orpinch) and maturation. Don’t automatically eliminate such off-the wall answerchoices, especially if you find them in the harder analogies toward the end ofthe set. Study them to see if a secondary meaning is involved.



Tactic – 09

FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH COMMON ANALOGYTYPES.

Analogies tend to fall into certain common basic types. Do not gooverboard and try to memorize these types. Just try to get a feel from them, sothat you’ll be able to recognize how each pair of words is linked.may seem appealing, but Choice B is incorrect. Insuring yourself againstdisaster does not prevent the disaster from taking place; it merely reduces thefinancial risk involved.

Having eliminated all the other choices, take another look at choice A.Compared to choices B, C, D and E, it seems far out. How does nipping orbiting relate to maturation, the process of reaching full growth anddevelopment? A puppy nips at his owner’s ankle, but that has nothing to dowith the dog’s growing up!

Coming across such a weird pairing, most people just shrug theirshoulders and skip to the next answer choice. A is the correct answer; to nipsomething, as used here, is to destroy its progress or fulfillment (as in thephrase “nipped in the bud” when the FBI nips a conspiracy in the bud, theyprevent the pilot from achieving completion). Just as to mystify someone is toblack his or her understanding, to nip something is to block its full growth ormaturation.

Play, A pool is a place in which people swim. A subject is a scene, person,or object that an artist chooses to represent or sketch. But what about choices Band D? A program of schedule of events may include lecturing, but notnecessarily so. Similarly, solitude may be a time for watching, but it’s notdefined as such. There is no necessary, specific connection to link the words ineither of these choices. Therefore, eliminate Choices B and D, which of theother answer choices is correct? The answer is of course choice C. Just as astage is a place where people act, a pool is a place where people swim.



One word of caution. There is a difference between words that seem tobe related but are actually only casually linked and words that, at first glance,seem to have no relationship at all. When you first looked at the answer choicenip: maturation (in Tactic – 07), it looked completely absurd. You couldn’teven begin to come up with a sentence linking nip (in the sense of bite orpinch) and maturation. Don’t automatically eliminate such off-the wall answerchoices, especially if you find them in the harder analogies toward the end ofthe set. Study them to see if a secondary meaning is involved.

Common Analogy TypesDefinitionREFUGE :: SHELTERA refuge (place of asylum) by definition shelters.NOMAD :: WANDERA nomad by definition wanders.HAGGLER :: BARGAINA haggler, a person who argues over prices, by definition bargains.

Defining CharacteristicTIGER : CARNIVOROUSA tiger is defined as a carnivorous or meat eating animal.ENTOMOLOGIST : INSECTSAn entomologist is defined as a person who studies insects.HIVE : BEEA hive is defined as a home for bees.

Class and MemberRODENT : SQUIRRELA squirrel is a kind of rodent.SOFA : FURNITUREA sofa belongs to the category known as furniture.SONNET : POEMA sonnet is a kind of poem.



Group and MemberDANCER : ENSEMBLEA dancer is a member of an ennoble or troupe.LION : PRIDEA lion is a member of a pride or company.GAGGLE : GEESEA gaggle is a group or flock of geese.

AntonymsAntonyms are words that are opposite in meaning. Both words belong to

the same part of speech.

CONCERNED : INDIFFERENTIndifferent means unconcerned.WAX : WANEWax, to grow larger, and wane, to dwindle, are opposites.ANARCHY : ORDERAnarchy is the opposite of order.

Antonym VariantsIn an Antonym Variant, the words are to strictly antonyms; however,

their meanings are opposed. Take the adjective nervous. A strict antonymwould put the adjective poised. An variant puts the noun poise. It looks likethis:WICKED : VIRTUESomething wicked lacks virtue. It is the opposite of virtuous.WILLFUL : OBEDIENCEWillful means lacking in obedience. It is the opposite of obedient.



SynonymsSynonyms are words that have the same meaning. Both words belong to

the same part of speech.

MAGNIFICENT : GRANDIOSEGrandiose is the synonym of magnificent. Or, Grandiose means magnificent.NARRETE : TELLTo narrate is to tell.EDIFICE : BUILDINGAn edifice is a building.

Synonym VariantsIn a synonym Variant, the words are not strictly synonyms: however,

their meanings are similar. For example, take the adjective, willful. A strictsynonym for the adjective willful would be the adjective unruly. However,where a Synonym would put the adjective unruly, a Synonym Variant wouldput the noun unruliness. It looks like this:

WILLFULL : UNRULINESSWillful means exhibiting unruliness.VERBOSE : WORDIENESSSomeone verbose is wordy; he or she exhibits wordiness.FRIENDLY : AMICABILITYSomeone friendly is amicable; he or she shows amicability.

Degree of IntensityLUKEWARM : BOILINGLukewarm is less extreme than boiling.FLURRY : BLIZZARDA flurry or shower of snow is less extreme than a blizzard.ANNOYED : FURIOUSTo be annoyed is less intense an emotion than to be furious.



Part to WholeISLAND : ARCHIPELAGOMany island up an archipelago.LETTER : ALPHABETThe English alphabet is made up of 26 letters.FINGER : HANDThe finger is part of the hand.

FunctionASYLUM : REFUGEAn asylum provides refuge or protection.FEET : MARCHA function of feet is to march.LULL : STORMA lull temporarily interrupts a storm.

MannerMUMBLE : SPEAKTo mumble is to speak indistinctly, that is to speak in an indistinct manner.STRUT : WALKTo strut is to walk proudly that is to walk in a proud manner.STRAINED : WITWit that strained is forced in manner.

Worker and Article CreatedPOET : SONNETA poet creates a sonnet.ARCHITECT : BLUEPRINTAn architect designs a blueprint.MASON : WALLA mason builds a wall.

Worker and ToolPAINTER : BRUSHA painter uses a brush.GOLFER : CLUBA golfer uses a club to strike the ball.CARPENTER : VISEA carpenter uses a vise to hold the object being worked on.



Worker and ActionACROBAT : CARTWHEELAn acrobat performs a cartwheel.FINANCIER : INVESTA financier invests money for his business.TENOR : AREAA tenor sings an aria.

Worker and WorkplaceTEACHER : CLASSROOMA teacher works in a classroom.SCULPTOR : STUDIOA sculptor works in a studio.DRUGGIST : PHARMACYA druggist works in a pharmacy.

Tool and Object it Acts UponKNIFE : BREADA knife cuts bread.PEN : PAPERA pen writes on paper.RAKE : LEAVESA rake gathers leaves.

Tool and Its ActionSAW : CUTA saw is a tool used to cut wood.CROWBAR : PRYA crowbar is a tool used to pry thing apart.SEVE : SIFTA sieve is a tool used to strain or sift.

Action and Its SignificanceHUG : AFFECTIONA hug is a sing of affection.NOD : ASSENTA nod signifies assent agreement.WINCE : PAINA wince is a sing that one feels pain.



Less Common Analogy Types Cause and EffectVIRUS : INFLUENZAA virus causes influenza.

Time SequenceFIRST : LASTFirst and last mark the beginning and end of a sequence.

Spatial SequenceATTIC : BASEMENTThe attic is the highest point in the house; the basement, the lowest point.

GenderDOE : STAGA doe is female deer and a stage is male deer.

AgeCOLT : STALLIONA colt is a young stallion.

Symbol and Abstraction it RepresentsDOVE : PEACEA dove is the symbol of peace.

Long – Range StrategiesNot many words of the vocabulary in the analogy section come from

Latin. Generally speaking the words are more concrete than abstract. You needto know the names of everyday objects and parts of objects, name that thetentmakers assume are in your everyday vocabulary but that nonetheless maybe unfamiliar to you. You need to know that hawks have talons and trout havegills, that a group of islands is called an archipelago and a group of lions iscalled a pride. You need to know that calipers measure and that augers bore,that painters paint murals, and that write odes.

How can you build up the sort of wide – ranging, concrete vocabulary youneed to see the variety of relationships possible between words? The words arethere; they’re yours.............



Words for the TakingTo meet new words, branch out in your reading. Try magazines in fields

you haven’t pursued before. Geology, geography, natural history, astronomy,art-terms from these disciplines appear again and again. Branch out in yourviewing as well. You can watch National Geographic specials and otherdocumentaries on television and build vocabulary by attaching the names ofobjects to the things themselves: people need pictures as well as words.

Unabridged dictionaries, often provide pictures of everyday objects: colorplates of insects and flowers, birds and fish; line drawings of tools andmachines. Picture dictionaries also exists. There is ever a splendid visualglossary entitled what’s what, consisting of hundreds of illustration of everydayobjects-from paper clips to passenger ships-carefully labeled to identify everypart.

Learn by DoingAs you expand your vocabulary, Try construction some analogies using

your new words. Look up one of the words on our High-Frequency of HotProspects World Lists in an unabridged dictionary. See if you can spot a keyword in the definitions given. Use it to construct an analogy of your own, forexample, if you look up amorphous, you will find it defined as “without form ofshape.” Based on this definition, a good analogy would be ANMORPHOUS :SHAPE. Something amorphous lacks shape.

Go through the list of analogy types, modeling your analogies on the samplesgiven. You should have no difficulty constructing innumerable variants onsynonyms and antonyms. Challenge yourself. Try to construct analogies wherethe relationship is one of cause and effect or one of a part to the whole. Thebetter able you are to create good analogies of your own, the better able youwill be to analyze the analogies others.



Practice ExercisesUse the exercises that follow to practice handing analogy questions.

When you’ve completed an exercise, check your answer against the answer keyon page 24, then, read the answer explanations for any questions you eitheranswered incorrectly or omitted.

The answer explanations will show you how to state the relationship in eachanalogy in a good sentence; they provide definitions for words you might nothave known; and they’ll point out the analogy type for each question. So, it youmissed a question because you didn’t understand the relationship between thewords, you’ll see what that relationships was.

Spot the AnalogyFor each of the following pairs of words, name the common analogy type

to which it belongs. Use you dictionary if you need to check a definition beforeyou decide on an analogy type. Than check your answers against the answerson pages 15 & 16. Any given analogy type may be to used once, twice, or not orall.

01. SURGEON : SCALPEL________________________________________________________

02. BARK : TREE________________________________________________________

03. FLOWER : PEONY________________________________________________________

04. DRILL : BORE________________________________________________________

05. MINUTE : HOUR________________________________________________________

06. COW : HERBIVOROUS________________________________________________________

07. TENT : SHELTER________________________________________________________



08. EWE : RAM________________________________________________________

09. SHOAT : PIG________________________________________________________

10. LAUREL : VICTORY________________________________________________________

11. FAWN : DEER________________________________________________________

12. MEAL : LUNCH________________________________________________________

13. SCULPTOR : STATUE________________________________________________________

14. TELLER : BANK________________________________________________________

15. DISPERSE : ASSEMBLE________________________________________________________

16. DREMCHED : MOIST________________________________________________________

17. ADORE : LOATHE________________________________________________________

18. SCULPTOR : MALLET________________________________________________________

19.VERACIOUS:TRUTHFUL________________________________________________________

20. ANGLER : FISH________________________________________________________



21. BUTCHER : CLEAVER________________________________________________________

22. RIDDLE : CRYPTIC________________________________________________________

23. KAYAK : BOAT________________________________________________________

24. BROOM : CREAVER________________________________________________________

25. SOPORIFIC : SLEEP________________________________________________________

Answer the spot the Analogy practice01. Worker and tool. A surgeon works with scalpel.02. Part of object. Bark is a part of a tree.03. Class and member. A peony is a kind of flower.04. Tool and its action. A drill is a tool used to bore holes.05. Part to whole. A minute is part of an hour.06. Defining characteristic. A cow is defined as herbivorous.07. Class and member. A tent is a kind of shelter.08. Gender. A ewe is a female sheep and a ram is a male sheep.09. Age. A shoat is a young pig.10. Symbol and what it represents. The laurel is the symbol of victory.11. Age. A fawn is a young deer.12. Class and member. One example of a meal is lunch.13. Worker and article created. A sculptor creates a statue.14. Worker and workplace. A teller works in a bank.15. Antonyms. Disperse (scatter) and assemble are opposites.16. Degree of intensity. Drenched means extremely wet; moist, onlymoderately so.17. Antonyms. Adore and loathe (hate) are opposites.18. Worker and tool. A sculptor uses a mallet.19. Synonyms. Veracious and truthful have the same meaning.20. Function. Angler tries to catch fish.21. Worker and tool. A butcher uses a cleaver.



22. Defining characteristic. A riddle is by definition cryptic (mysterious).23. Class and member. A kayak is a kind of boat.24. Tool and object. A broom is a tool used to sweep.25. Cause and effect. Something soporific induces sleep.

Analogy Exercise – A

Each question below consists of a related pair of words or phrase, followed byfive lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that bestexpresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.

Example:YAWN : BOREDOM ::

(A) dream : sleep(B) anger : madness(C) smile : amusement(D) face : expression(E) impatience : rebellion

01. FISH : TROUT :: (A) ocean : wave (B) mammal : whale (C) bird : aviary (D) antenna : insect (E) stag : doe

02. FISH : SCALES ::(A) book : education

(B) bird : feathers (C) cat : claws (D) snake : fangs (E) song : notes



03. FISH : SCHOOL ::(A) book : education(B) team : practice(C) dog : sled(D) bear : lair(E) lion : pride

04. CLOCK : TIME ::(A) watch : wrist(B) odometer : speed(C) hourglass : sand(D) yardstick : distance(E) radio : sound

05. DOCTOR : DISEASE :: (A) moron : imbecility (B) pediatrician : senility (C) psychiatrist : maladjustment (D) broker : stocks (E) charlatan : truth

06. SCISSORS : SEVER :: (A) scales : average (B) barrel : roll (C) eraser : drudge (D) millstone : grind (E) varnish : sticky

07. HONE : SHARP :: (A) polish : shiny (B) whet : blunt (C) memorize : minor (D) erode : moist (E) varnish : sticky



08. PATRON : SUPPORT :: (A) spouse : divorce (B) restaurant : management

(C) counselor : advice (D) host : hostility (E) artist : imitation

09. DIMMED : LIGHT :: (A) muffled : sound (B) muffled : sound (C) measured : weight (D) fragrant : smell (E) garish : color

10. STETHOSCOPE : PHYSICIAN :: (A) kaleidoscope : mortician (B) microscope : astronomer (C) plot : author (D) studio : sculptor (E) transit : surveyor

11. DAUNTLESS : COURAGE :: (A) ruthless : compassion (B) affable : suspicion (C) unruffled : composure (D) energetic : indifference (E) dutiful : sympathy

12. CUMULONIMBUS : CLOUD ::(A) grasshopper : insect(B) rainbow : shower(C) twilight : dusk(D) omnibus : road(E) bough : tree



13. OCEAN : BAY ::(A) archipelago : atoll(B) island : inlet(C) headland : promontory(D) continent : peninsula(E) derelict : duty

14. INTREPID : VALOR ::(A) clever : ingenuity(B) boisterous : grief(C) timorous : haste(D) frivolous : fervor(E) derelict : duty

15. LEOPARD : CARNIVOROUS ::(A) tiger : ominous(B) cat : feline(C) cow : herbivorous(D) quadruped : four-legged(E) crab : crustacean

16. VACCINE : PREVENT ::(A) wound : heal(B) victim : attend(C) antidote : counteract(D) diagnosis : cite(E) antiseptic : infect

17. ANARCHY : GOVERNMENT ::(A) penury : wealth(B) chaos : disorder(C) monarchy : republic(D) verbosity : words

(E) ethics : philosophy



18. CIRCUITOUS : DIRECTNESS ::(A) cautious : duplicity(B) religious : faith(C) faulty : impropriety(D) inexact : accuracy(E) sentimental : hypocrisy

19. IMPECUNIOUS : MONEY :: (A) generous : charity (B) impeccable : flaws (C) honest : integrity (D) bankrupt : industry (E) mendacious : dreams

20. DELUGE : SHOWER :: (A) ecstasy : joy (B) sophistication : naiveté (C) opinion : notion (D) breeze : air (E) inception : termination

21. ROBIN : NEST :: (A) horse : stall (B) antelope : gazelle (C) alligator : swamp (D) clam : shell (E) rabbit : burrow

22. SILO : STORAGE :: (A) sanctuary : refuge (B) oasis : mirage (C) restaurant : corkage (D) fine : damage (E) butcher : carnage



23. TIRADE : ABUSIVE :: (A) diatribe : familiar (B) satire : pungent (C) panegyric : laudatory (D) eulogy : regretful (E) butcher : carnage

24. PRICK : STAB :: (A) point : thrust (B) lend : borrow (C) sip : gulp (D) thread : sew (E) push : shove

25. INTEREST : FASCINATE :: (A) vex : enrage (B) vindicate : condemn (C) regret : rue (D) appall : bother (E) weary : fatigue

26. INDUSTRIOUS : ASSIDUOUS ::(A) affluent : impoverished(B) mendacious : beggarly(C) fortuitous : fortunate(D) impecunious : poor(E) impartial : biased

27. INDUSTRY : BEAVER ::(A) ferocity : lion(B) cowardice : tiger(C) indolence : wolf(D) forgetfulness : elephant(E) pride : peacock



28. KANGAROO : MARSUPIAL ::A) rose : hybrid(B) antelope : gazelle(C) bee : drone(D) quail : bevy(E) mushroom : fungus

29. HELMET : HEAD ::(A) insignia : office(B) amulet : shoulder(C) scepter : bee(D) gauntlet : hand(E) planet : sun

30. VENISON : DEER ::(A) bison : cattle(B) mutton : sheep(C) mallard : duck(D) antler : stag(E) fawn : doc

31. SOLDIER : REGIMENT ::(A) colonel : martinet(B) dancer : balletomane(C) singer : chorus(D) trooper : rifle(E) student : professor

32. LIGHT YEAR : DISTANCE ::(A) decibel : sound(B) black hole : proximity(C) meteor : intensity(D) microphone : volume(E) heat wave : brightness



33. DEBATER : LARYNGITIS :: (A) actor : stage fright (B) pedestrian : sprained ankle (C) doctor : tonsillitis (D) writer : thesis (E) swimmer : aquacade

34. TEAM : ATHLETES :: (A) gainer : series (B) alliance : nations (C) delegates : alternates (D) congregation : preachers (E) term : holidays

35. ENTREPRENEUR : PROFITS :: (A) laborer : wages (B) manager : employees (C) moonlighter : debts (D) arbitrator : complaints (E) financier : mortgages ***scholar : knowledge

36. ANATHEMA : CURSE :: (A) benedictions : song (B) admonition : reproach (C) supposition : proof (D) exhortation : flattery (E) homage : disrespect

37. GUSTATORY : TASTE :: (A) kinesthetic : sight (B) olfactory : smell (C) hortatory : hearing (D) myopic : vision (E) palpable : touch



38. STUBBORN : MULISH :: (A) coy : kittenish (B) fierce : doglike (C) contrite : lionhearted (D) devoted : sheepish (E) glib : fishy

39. RUSE : DECEIVE :: (A) policy : change (B) argument : persuade (C) contrite : lionhearted (D) strategy : gamble (E) denial : confuse

40. DRAB : COLOR :: (A) resonant : sound (B) insipid : flavor

(C) pungent : smell (D) pert : liveliness (E) dismal : size

41. RATTLE : COMPOSE ::(A) spatter : spill(B) apron : chef(C) disperse : collect(D) crash : collide(E) clatter : knock

42. LARIAT : COWBOY :: (A) rink : skater

(B) apron : chef(C) disperse : collect(D) crash : collide(E) snare : trapper



43. PREAMBLE : CONSTITUTION ::(A) amendment : bill(B) prologue : play(C) episode : serial(D) by-line : article(E) premonition : omen

44. DISBAND : ARMY ::(A) convene : assembly(B) muster : platoonC) dissolve : corporation(D) abandon : navy(E) countermand : order

45. DETRITUS : GLACIERS ::(A) thaw : snowfall(B) snow : ice cap(C) silt : rivers

(D) range : mountain (E) foliage : trees

46. DECREPIT : RENOVATION ::(A) enervated : invigoration(B) languid : confrontation(C) pallid : purification(D) gullible : vehemence(E) tearful : reconciliation

47. SILO : CORN :: :: (A) mill : grain (B) reservoir : water (C) acre : wheat (D) paddy : rice (E) furrow : seed



48. STATIC : MOVEMENT :: (A) humdrum : excitement (B) chronic : timeliness (C) ecstatic : decay (D) antenna : insect (E) diligent : industry

49. SIDEREAL : STARS(A) ethereal : planets(B) central : earth(C) chimerical : matter(D) horticultural : plants(E) supernatural : heavens

50. DESCRY : DISTANT ::(A) mourn :lost

(B) whisper : muted(C) discern : subtle(D) destroy : flagrant

(E) entrap : hostile

Analogy Exercise – B

Each question below consists of a related pair of words or phrase, followed byfive lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that bestexpresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.

Example:YAWN : BOREDOM ::

(A) dream : sleep(B) anger : madness(C) smile : amusement(D) face : expression(E)impatience : rebellion



01. TELLER : BANK :: 03.DEGREE : TEMPERATURE :: (A) artist : museum (A) ounce : weight (B) cashier : check (B) fathom : volume (C) waiter : restaurant (C) mass : energy (D) borrower : loan (D) time : length (E) mourner : funeral (E) light : heat

02. INNING : BASEBALL :: 04. PICK : GUITAR :: (A) round : boxing (A) peg : ukulele (B) cashier : check (B) string : banjo (C) touchdown : football (C) pipe : organ (D) serve : tennis (D) bow : violin (E) outing : hiking (E) head : tambourine

05. FRAGILE : BREAK :: 12. MILDEW : DANKNESS :: (A) vital : destroy (A) gangrene : infection (B) hostile : invite (B) dew : sunshine (C) vivid : grow (C) dawn : darkness (D) flexible : bend (D) canker : blossom (E) fertile : smell (E) rust : hardness

06. SPOKE : WHEEL :: 13. CALLOW : MATURITY :: (A) square : circle (A) fallow : productivity (B) balance : lever (B) crusty : incivility (C) door : latch (C) eager : anxiety (D) book : shelf (D) spoiled: common sense (E) rung : ladder (E) callous : growth

07. VESSEL : FLEET :: 14. ENIGMA : PUZZLING :: (A) wolf : pack (A) dilemma : compelling (B) forest : clearing (B) labyrinth : disorienting (C) vehicle : truck (C) sphinx : massive (D) carriage : horse (D) riddle : humorous (E) matador : squadron (E) maze : extensive



08. PICADOR : BULL :: 15. KERNEL : CORN :: (A) heckler : speaker (A) neck : bottle (B) executioner : victim (B) eye : storm (C) shepherd : sheep (C) grain : wheat (D) singer : song (D) stem : carrot (E) matador : cow (E) nose : bouquet

09. CORPULENCE : STOUT :: 16. FLABBY : FIRMNESS :: (A) baldness : hirsute (A) definite : accuracy (B) erudition : learned (B) tired : fatigue (C) gauntness : beautiful (C) solvent : wealth (D) steadfastness : mercurial (D) defiant : strength (E) competence : strict (E) humble : arrogance

10. ASYLUM : SHELTER :: 17. ARCHIPELAGO : ISLAND :: (A) harbor : concealment (A) peninsula : strait (B) palisade : display (B) cluster : star (C) stronghold : defense (C) border : nation (D) hospice : exile (D) nucleus : atom (E) cloister : storage (E) skyscraper : building

11. MOTION PICTURE : SCENARIO :: 18. HOBBLE : WALK :: (A) drama : setting (A) gallop : run (B) play : plot (B) stammer : speak (C) theater : program (C) stumble : fall (D) ballet : pirouette (D) sniff : smell (E) recital : review (E) amble : stroll

19. INCUBATOR : INFANT :: 26.UNEMPLOYED : WORKER :: (A) henhouse : chicken (A) unknown : artist (B) greenhouse : plant (B) fallow : field (C) archives : document (C) renovated : house (D) cooler : wine (D) observant : spectator (E) hive : bee (E) unconscious : sleeper



20. MINISTER : SERMON :: 27. DISCONSOLATE : GRIEF :: (A) politician : promises (A) fatuous : weight (B) heckler : interruptions (B) incurable : disease (C) doctor : diagnosis (C) explicit : statement (D) lecturer : speech (D)perfunctory : sympathy (E) curator : museum (E) solitary : confinement

21. HOBNOB : COMPANIONS :: 28. CATCALL : DERISON :: (A) conspire : plotters (A) wolf whistle : admiration (B) kowtow : servants (B) horselaugh : dismay (C) blackmail : police C) snort : approval (D) kidnap : victims (D) mutter : indifference (E) quarrel : friends (E) sputter : sympathy

22. GOURMET : DELICACY :: 29. CRACK : CIPHER :: (A) clairvoyant : séance (A) break : platter (B) connoisseur : masterpiece (B) divide : number (C) socialite : seclusion (C) strike : hammer (D) commoner : aristocracy (D) unbridle : mystery (E) chef : scullery (E) detonate : revolver

23. INADVERTENT : THOUGHT :: 30. PAN : CAMERA :: (A) gauche : grace (A) ban : book (B) clandestine : secrecy (B) tune : radio (C) lugubrious : gloom (C) charge : battery (D) wealthy : money (D) filter : lens (E) curious : opinion (E) rotate : periscope

24. GAGGLE : GEESE :: 31. HAIR : SCALP :: (A) coop : chickens (A) dimple : cheek (B) muzzle : dogs (B) elbow : knee (C) gill : fish (C) tooth : gum (D) swarm : bees (D) beard : moustache (E) waddle : ducks (E) waist : torso



25. TIFF : QUARREL :: 32. BUSTLE : MOVE :: (A) conflagration : fire (A) hum : sing (B) truce : battle (B) shuffle : walk (C) peccadillo : offense (C) lope : run (D) reconciliation : divorce (D) glide : dance (E) stag : doe (E) chatter : talk

33. TOLERANCE : BIGOTRY :: 40. GEOLOGIST : FELDSPAR:: (A) prodigality : ribaldry (A) meteorologist : orbit (B) magnanimity : parsimony (B) botanist : zinnia (C) exigency : urgency (C) architect : monolith (D) emulation : rivalry (D) cosmetologist : space (E) patience : conformity (E) philanthropist : stamp

34. BUNGLER : COMPETENCE :: 41.FELON:PENITENTIARY :: (A) beggar : influence (A) perjurer : perjury (B) jester : wit (B)conniver : constabulary (C) meddler : patience (C) malefactor : sanctuary (D) grumbler : satisfaction (D)juvenile delinquent : reformatory (E) cobbler : leather (E) hedonist : confessional

35. ABHOR : DISLIKE :: 42. TRAVELER : ITINERARY:: (A) calcify : petrify (A) tourist : vacation (B) torture : discomfort (B) lecturer : outline (C) rebuke : ridicule (C) pedestrian : routine (D) admire : disdain (D) explorer : safari (E) magnify : enlarge (E) soldier : furlough

36. BULLY : BLUSTER :: 43. AERIE : EAGLE :: (A) coward : rant (A) hawk : falcon (B) charlatan : snivel (B) viper : reptile (C) cutthroat : mutter (C) venom : rattlesnake (D) stool pigeon : squeal (D) lair : wolf (E) blackguard : cringe (E) fang : adder



37. CARESS : AFFECTION :: 44. IMPROMPTU : REHEARSAL :: (A) curtsy : respect (A) practiced : technique (B) salute : admiration (B) makeshift : whim (C) handshake : indifference (C) offhand : premeditation (D) wink : suspicion (D) glib : fluency (E) wave : agitation (E) numerical : calculation

38. FOOLHARDY : CAUTION :: 45. EVANESCENT : VANISH AWAY :: (A) hardhearted : fear (A) volatile : vaporize (B) careworn : anxiety (B) incandescent : flee (C) high-strung : tension (C) ethereal : drift (D) thick-skinned : sensitivity (D) celestial : disappear (E) spendthrift : resource (E) transient : gravitate

39. VERTEX : CONE :: 46. RILE : ANGER :: (A) perimeter : rectangle (A) intimidate : fear (B) whirlpool : pond (B) suppress : rebellion (C) pod : seed (C) disappoint : expectation (D) peak : mountain (D) avenge : insult (E) step : staircase (E) soothe : annoyance

47. STICKLER : INSIST :: 49. RAREFY : DENSE :: (A) mumble : enunciate (A) amplify : loud (B) haggler : risk (B) inoculate : infectious (C) haggler : concede (C) mystify : obscure (D) laggard : outlast (D) condense : compact (E) braggart : boast (E) soften : hard

48. PLUMAGE : BIRD :: 50. ABOLITIONIST : SLAVERY :: (A) foliage : horse (A) capitalist : commerce (B) fleece : sheep (B) militarist : war (C) forage : cattle (C) pugilist : victory (D) hive : bee (D) conservationist : wildlife (E) carnage : beast (E) prohibitionist : liquor



Analogy Exercise – A

01. B 11. C 21. E 31. C41. C02. B 12. A 22. A 32. A42. E03. E 13. D 23. C 33. B43. B04. D 14. A 24. C 34. B44. C05. C 15. C 25. A 35. A45. C06. D 16. C 26. D 36. B46. A07. A 17. A 27. E 37. B47. B08. C 18. D 28. E 38. A48. A09. B 19. B 29. D 39. B49. D10. E 20. A 30. B 40. B50. C

Answer Key



Analogy Exercise – B

01. C 11. B 21. A 31. C41. D02. A 12. A 22. B 32. E42. B03. A 13. A 23. A 33. B43. D04. D 14. B 24. D 34. D44. C05. D 15. C 25. C 35. B45. A06. E 16. E 26. B 36. D46. A07. A 17. B 27. B 37. A47. E08. A 18. B 28. A 38. D48. B09. B 19. B 29. D 39. D49. E10. C 20. D 30. E 40. B50. E



Answer ExplanationsAnalogy Exercise – A

01. B. trout is a kind of fish. A whale is a kind of mammal.(Class and Member)

02. B. The body of a fish is covered with scales. The body of a bird iscovered with feathers.

(Defining Characteristic)03. E. A school is a group of fish. A pride is a group of lions.

(Part of Whole)04. D. A clock measures time. A yardstick measures distance.

(Function)05. C. A doctor attempts to treat a disease. A psychiatrist attempts to treat

maladjustment.(Function)

06. D. Scissors by definition cut or sever. A millstone by definition grinds.(Tool and Action)

07. A. One hones or sharpens something to make it sharp. One polishessomething to make it shiny.

(Cause and Effect)08. C. A patron by definition provides patronage or support. A counselor by

definition providesadvice.

(Defining Characteristic)09. B. Light that is dimmed is lessened in brightness. Sound that is muffled

is lessened in volume.(Manner)

10. E. A stethoscope is the tool of a physician. A transit (measuringinstrument) is the tool of a surveyor.

(Worker and Tool)11. C. Someone dauntless (unable to be frightened) possesses courage.

Someone unruffled (notflustered) possesses composure (poise).

(Synonym Variant)12. A. A cumulonimbus is a kind of cloud. A grasshopper is a kind of insect.

(Class and Member)13. D. A bay is an inlet, part of an ocean or sea that projects out into the

land. A peninsula is a pointof land, part of a continent that projects out into the water.

(Part to Whole)14. A. Someone intrepid (brave) shows valor (bravery). Someone clever

shows ingenuity (cleverness).(Synonym Variant)



15. C. A leopard is a carnivorous (meat-eating) animal. A cow is aherbivorous (grass-eating)

animal.(Defining Characteristic)

16. C. A vaccine’s purpose, is to prevent the harmful development ofdisease-causing micro

organisms. An antidote’s purpose is to counteract the harmful effectsof poison.

(Function)17. A. Anarchy is the absence of government. Penury (poverty) is the

absence of wealth.(Cause and Effect)

18. D. Something circuitous (roundabout) is lacking in directness.Something inexact (inaccurate)

is lacking in accuracy.(Antonym Variant)

19. B. Impecunious (impoverished) means without money. Impeccable(flawless) means without

flaws.(Antonym Variant)

20. A. A deluge (flood; drenching rain burst) is more intense than a shower.Ecstasy (rapture) is

more intense than joy.(Degree of Intensity)

21. E. A robin constructs a nest to live in. A rabbit digs out a burrow to livein.

(Defining Characteristic)

22. A. The function of a silo is to provide storage space. The function of asanctuary is to provide

refuge or shelter.(Function)

23. C. A tirade (bitter, condemnatory speech) is by definition abusive. Apanegyric (speech of

praise) is by definition laudatory.(Defining Characteristic)

24. C. To prick someone is not as extreme as to stab him. To sip somethingis not as extreme as to

gulp it.(Degree of Intensity)

25. A. To fascinate (interest strongly) is to involve more intensely thanmerely to interest. To

enrage (anger deeply) is more intense than merely to vex (annoy).(Degree of Intensity)



26. D. Industrious (hard-working) and assiduous are synonyms.Impoverished and poor are

synonyms also.(Synonyms)

27. E. The beaver is a symbol of industry (“busy as a beaver”). The peacockis a symbol of pride

(“proud as a peacock”).(Symbol and Abstraction It Represents)

28. E. A kangaroo is a kind of marsupial. A mushroom is a kind of fungus.(Class and Member)

29. D. A helmet protects the head. A gauntlet (armored glove) protectsthe hand.

(Function)30. B. Venison is the meat of a deer. Mutton is the meat of a sheep.

(Defining Characteristic)31. C. A soldier is part of a regiment (military unit). A singer is part of achorus (singers unit).

(Part to Whole)32. A. A light year is a measure of distance. A decibel is a measure ofsound.

(Function)33. B. Laryngitis is a physical ailment that could prevent a debater (publicspeaker) from

functioning. A sprained ankle is a physical ailment that couldprevent a pedestrian.

(Cause and Effect)34. B. A team is made up of athletes. An alliance is made up of nations.

(Group and Member)35. A. An entrepreneur (organizer of a business) works for profits. Alaborer works for wager.

(Person and Objective)36. B. An anathema is a curse. An admonition is a reproach or scolding.

(Synonyms)37. B. Gustatory by definition means related to the sense of taste.Olfactory by definition means

related to the sense of smell.(Defining Characteristic)

38. A. A stubborn and mulish are synonyms. Coy (flirtatious; artfully shy)and kittenish are

synonyms.



(Synonyms)39. B. The purpose of a ruse (trick or stratagem) is to deceive. Thepurpose of an argument is

to persuade.(Function)

40. B. Drab (dull, colorless) means lacking in color. Insipid (bland) meanslacking in flavor.

(Antonym Variant)41. C. To rattle or fluster is the opposite of to compose or calm. Todisperse or scatter is the

opposite of to gather or collect.(Antonyms)

42. E. A lariat or lasso is a tool a cowboy uses to catch animals. Similarly,a snare is a tool a

trapper uses to catch animals.(Worker and Tool)

43. B. A preamble or preface introduces a constitution. A prologue orintroduction introduces a

play.(Part to Whole)44. C. To break up an army is to disband it. To break up a corporation isto dissolve it.

(Function)45. C. Detritus is disintegrated debris found deposited in the path of aglacier. Silt is

disintegrated rock particles found deposited in the path of a river.(Defining Characteristic)

46. A. Something decrepit (worn out; broken down) needs renovation.Someone enervated

(exhausted; tired out) needs invigoration.(Antonym Variant)

47. B. A silo is built to store or hold corn on grain. A reservoir is built tostore or hold water.

(Function)48. A. Something static (unmoving) lacks movement. Somethinghumdrum (dull) lacks

excitement.(Antonym Variant)



49. D. Sidereal means pertaining to the stars. Horticultural meanspertaining to the cultivation

of plants.(Defining Characteristic)50. C. To descry something is to make out or see something that isdistant. To discern something is to make out or see something that is subtle.

(Defining Characteristic)

Answer ExplanationsAnalogy Exercise – B

01. C. A teller works in a bank. A waiter works in a restaurant.(Worker and Workplace)

02. A. An inning is a division of a baseball game. A round is a division ofa boxing match.

(Part to Whole)03. A. A degree is a measure of temperature. An ounce is a measure ofweight.

(Function)04. D. A pick is a device used to pluck or sound the strings of a guitar. Abow is an instrument

used to play or sound the strings of a violin.(Tool and Action)

05. D. Something fragile or delicate is able to break. Something flexible isable to bend.

(Definition)06. E. A spoke is part of a wheel. A rung is part of a ladder.

(Part to Whole)07. A. A fleet is made up of vessels. A pack is made up of wolves.

(Part to Whole)08. A. A picador physically jabs at a bull to annoy it. A heckler verballyjabs at a speaker to

annoy him.(Function)

09. B. Corpulence (fatness) is the state of being stout. Erudition(scholarliness) is the state of

being knowledgeable or learned.(Synonym Variant)



10. C. An asylum provides refuge or shelter. A stronghold or fortressprovides defense.

(Function)11. B. A scenario is the story line of a motion picture. A plot is the storyline of a play.

(Defining Characteristic)12. A. Dankness or dampness leads to mildew (spreading discoloration, asof fabric) Infection

leads to gangrene (spreading tissue rot).(Cause and Effect)

13. A. A callow (immature) person is lacking in maturity. A fallow(uncultivated) field is lacking

in productivity.(Antonym Variant)

14. B. An enigma or puzzle is by definition puzzling. A labyrinth or mazeis by definition

disorienting.(Defining Characteristic)

15. C. A kernel is a seed of corn. A grain is a seed of wheat.(Defining Characteristic)

16. E. Flabby means lacking firmness. Humble means lacking arrogance(modest).

(Antonym Variant)17. B. An archipelago is a group of islands. A cluster is a group of stars.

(Part to Whole)18. B. To hobble is to walk laboriously and with difficulty. To stammer isto speak laboriously

and with difficulty.(Manner)

19. B. Incubator is a machine that take care of immature infants.Greenhouse is a house that

take care of plants.(Object and its Action)

20. D. A sermon is a religious discourse delivered by a minister. A speechis a formal discourse

delivered by a lecturer.(Defining Characteristic)



21. A. Companions by definition socialize or hobnob with one another.Potters by definition

conspire or scheme with one another.(Defining Characteristic)

22. B. A gourmet is an appreciator and judge of food delicacies. Aconnoisseur is an appreciator

and judge of masterpieces of art.(Defining Characteristic)

23. A. Something inadvertent or unintentional is lacking in thought.Something gauche or

clumsy is lacking in grace.(Antonym Variant)

24. D. A gaggle is a group of geese. A swarm is a group of bees.(Group and Member)

25. C. A tiff is a slight or petty quarrel. A peccadillo is a slight or pettysin or offense.

(Degree of Member)26. B. A worker that is unemployed by definition is not being productive.A field that is fallow

(uncultivated) by definition is not being productive.(Function)

27. B. A grief that is disconsolate is not able to be cased or consoled. Adisease that is incurable

is not able to be cured.(Manner)

28. A. A catcall expresses derision or disapproval. A wolf whistleexpresses admiration.

(Action and Significance)29. D. To crack a cipher (code) is to solve or decode it. To unbridle amystery is to puzzle it out

or solve it.(Function)

30. E. To pan a camera is to rotate it to get a comprehensive view. Torotate a periscope is to

turn it to get a comprehensive view.(Function)

31. C. Hair grows from the scalp. A tooth grows from the gum.(Location)



32. E. To bustle is to move in a hurried manner, with more fuss thanproductivity. To chatter

is to talk in a hurried manner, with more sound than sense.(Function)

33. B. Tolerance is the opposite of prejudice or bigotry. Magnanimity(greatness of spirit;

generosity) is the opposite of parsimony or stinginess.(Antonyms)

34. D. A bungler (fumbler; person who botches things) lacks competenceor skill. A grumbler

(complainer) lacks contentment or satisfaction.(Antonym Variant)

35. B. To abhor (greatly hate) someone is more intense than to dislikehim. To torture someone

is more intense than merely to discomfort or disturb or botherhim.

(Degree of Intensity)36. D. A bully by definition is someone who blusters or storms arounduttering threats. A stool

pigeon (informer or tattletale) by definition is someone whosqueals.

(Definition)37. A. A caress or embrace is a sign of affection. A curtsy is a sign ofpoliteness or respect.

(Action and Significance)38. D. Someone foolhardy (rash, unthinking) lacks caution. Someonethick-skinned lacks

sensitivity.(Antonym Variant)

39. D. The vertex is defined as the top part of a cone. A peak is defined asthe top part of a

mountain.(Part to Whole)

40. B. A geologist studies rocks; feldspar is a kind of rock. A botaniststudies plants; a zinnia is

a kind of plant.(Defining Characteristic)

41. D. A felon (major offender) is confined in a penitentiary. A juveniledelinquent (youthful



offender) is confined in a reformatory.(Function)

42. B. A traveler follows an itinerary (plans of journey). A lecturerfollows an outline (lecture

plan)(Defining Characteristic)

43. D. An aerie is the resting pace of an eagle. A lair is the resting place ofa wolf.

(Function)44. C. Something impromptu or improvised is performed withoutrehearsal. Something offhand

is said or done without premeditation or advance thought.(Antonym Variant)

45. A. Something evanescent tends to vanish away or disappear.Something volatile tends to

vaporize or evaporate.(Definition)

46. A. To rile someone is by definition to arouse anger. To intimidatesomeone is by definition

to arouse fear.(Defining Characteristic)

47. E. A stickler (person who insists on something) by definition insists.A braggart (boaster) by

definition boasts.(Definition)

48. B. A bird’s plumage is its feathery outer covering. A sheep’s fleece is itswooly outer

covering.(Antonym Variant)

49. E. To rarefy something is by definition to make it less dense (like a gas).To soften something is

by definition to make it less hard.(Antonym Variant)

50. E. An abolitionist is a person who seeks to put an end to the practice ofslavery. A prohibitionist

is a person who seeks to put an end to the use of hard liquor.(Defining Characteristic)



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Analogy Prepration for GMAT & Sat