Analog Electronic Circuits unit 2 VTU

ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

(VTU)

3rd

Sem EC/EE/TC

UNIT 2:

Transistor Biasing: Operating point, Fixed bias circuits, Emitter stabilized biased circuits,

Voltage divider biased, DC bias with voltage feedback, Miscellaneous bias configurations ,

Design operations, Transistor switching networks, PNP transistors, Bias stabilization.

(Chapter4.1 to 4.12)

7 Hours

TEXT BOOK:

1. “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory”, Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,

PHI/Pearson Education. 9TH Edition.

BY:

RAGHUDATHESH G P

Asst Prof

ECE Dept, GMIT

Davangere 577004

Cell: +917411459249

E-mail: [email protected]

Quotes:

Never burn bridges. Today’s junior jerk, tomorrow’s senior partner.

Everything has its beauty, but not everyone sees it.

The old believe everything: the middle-aged suspect everything: the young

know everything.

The only true wisdom is knowing that you know nothing.

The only rock I know that stays steady, the only institution I know that

works is the family.

Transistor Circuits Raghudathesh G P Asst. Prof

ECE Dept,GMIT, DVG [email protected] Page No -1

RAGHUDATHESH GP

mailto:[email protected]

TRANSISTOR BIASING

Transistor Basics:

A Bipolar Junction Transistor is a three layer (npn or pnp) semiconductor device.

There are two pn junctions in the transistor.

The three layers are called the emitter, base and collector.

Fig: Transistor Representation

The base is lightly doped and sandwiched between the collector and the emitter. The

collector is moderately doped and the emitter is heavily doped.

The base region is much thinner than the either the collector or emitter regions. Typical

base widths are about 10-6 m.

The collector region is usually thicker than the emitter as the largest amount of heat is

dissipated in the collector.

It is broadly classified into following types



RAGHUDATHESH G P

Fig : Transistor Classification

Construction and Symbol of Bipolar Junction Transistor

Fig: Construction and Symbol of Bipolar Junction Transistor

Two-diode Model : A simple model of the transistor can be made out of two diodes

placed back to back. (This doesn`t really work but it is useful.)

Fig: Two-diode Model

From the above figure we see that there are TWO junction namely

1. Emitter- Base Junction.

2. Collector-Base Junction.

Modes of transistor operation

Table: Modes of transistor operation

Sl.No Junction-bias Condition

Mode Emitter-Base Collector-Base

1 Forward active Forward Reverse

2 Saturation Forward Forward

3 Cut-off Reverse Reverse



RAGHUDATHESH G P

Note About Labeling Voltages:

1. Voltages with capital letter subscripts are DC voltages, (VBE, VCC).

2. When a voltage has a single subscript it is measured from the terminal to ground,

(VE, VB,VC).

3. When a voltage has a double subscript with different letters it is the voltage

measured between two terminals, (VBE, VEC).

4. When a voltage has a double subscript with the same letters it is a supply voltage,

(VEE, VCC).

Symbols:

Fig: Transistor Symbols

Applications:

1. As a Switch.

2. As a Amplifier.

3. In IC Circuits.



RAGHUDATHESH G P



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Analog Electronic Circuits unit 2 VTU