R. Rubin – SSU/Olli Handout #1 Spring 2017 1 An Introduction to the Structure, Function and Aging of the Human Brain. These lectures will discuss the anatomy and workings of this amazing organ, that is thought to be the most complex structure to exist in the known universe. Discussions will include aspects of the nervous system as well as changes thought to be associated with the process of aging. Lecture Topics Lecture 1. Central Nervous System - Gross Organization Lecture 2. Central Nervous System – Cellular & Internal Organization Lecture 3. Internal Communication – Synapses & Neurotransmitters Lecture 4. Memory and Learning – Motor & Sensory Interactions Lecture 5. The Aging Brain – Patterns and Problems Lecture 6. Neuroplasticity – Stem Cells, Repair, and Regeneration Reference Material The following list of books are well written and recommended for our audience. 1. Amthor, F. Neuroscience for Dummies. Clear and easy to read. A great place to begin. Lots of medical students use this book; but will not admit to it. 2. Blum, D. Sex on the Brain. A small, clear discussion about differences between male and female brains. Informative & great discussion material. 3. Costandi, M. Neuroplasticity MIT Press. Part of the MIT Essential Knowledge Series for the lay person. Highly recommended. 4. Fox, S. Human Physiology. One of many good textbooks used in introductory college/university classes in physiology. These books are clearly written for the non-scientist/first year student. Most texts of this type are available on line, and used/early editions are very inexpensive. 5. Kandel, E., et. al. eds. Principles of Neural Science. The benchmark text in neuroscience. Great detail and depth. Likely difficult for the beginner. 6. Marcus, G, and J. Freeman eds. The Future of the Brain. Essays by the World’s Leading Neuroscientists. Intreaguing insights by researchers into their thoughts about a wide range of provovative “brain” topics. 7. Google and Google Scholar. Google via human brain images will have 100’s of images of brain anatomy and physiology. Scholar will have scientific articles.

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Page 1: An Introduction to the Structure, Function and Aging of ...The Future of the Brain. Essays by the World’s Leading Neuroscientists. Intreaguing insights by researchers into their

R.Rubin–SSU/OlliHandout#1Spring2017

AnIntroductiontotheStructure,FunctionandAgingoftheHumanBrain.

Theselectureswilldiscusstheanatomyandworkingsofthisamazingorgan,

thatisthoughttobethemostcomplexstructuretoexistintheknownuniverse.Discussionswillincludeaspectsofthenervoussystemaswellas

changesthoughttobeassociatedwiththeprocessofaging.

LectureTopicsLecture1. CentralNervousSystem-GrossOrganizationLecture2. CentralNervousSystem–Cellular&InternalOrganizationLecture3. InternalCommunication–Synapses&NeurotransmittersLecture4. MemoryandLearning–Motor&SensoryInteractionsLecture5. TheAgingBrain–PatternsandProblemsLecture6. Neuroplasticity–StemCells,Repair,andRegenerationReferenceMaterial

Thefollowinglistofbooksarewellwrittenandrecommendedforouraudience.

1. Amthor,F.NeuroscienceforDummies.Clearandeasytoread.Agreatplacetobegin.Lotsofmedicalstudentsusethisbook;butwillnotadmittoit.

2. Blum,D.SexontheBrain.Asmall,cleardiscussionaboutdifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalebrains.Informative&greatdiscussionmaterial.

3. Costandi,M.NeuroplasticityMITPress.PartoftheMITEssentialKnowledgeSeriesforthelayperson.Highlyrecommended.

4. Fox,S.HumanPhysiology.Oneofmanygoodtextbooksusedinintroductorycollege/universityclassesinphysiology.Thesebooksareclearlywrittenforthenon-scientist/firstyearstudent.Mosttextsofthistypeareavailableonline,andused/earlyeditionsareveryinexpensive.

5. Kandel,E.,et.al.eds.PrinciplesofNeuralScience.Thebenchmarktextin

neuroscience.Greatdetailanddepth.Likelydifficultforthebeginner.

6. Marcus,G,andJ.Freemaneds.TheFutureoftheBrain.EssaysbytheWorld’sLeadingNeuroscientists.Intreaguinginsightsbyresearchersintotheirthoughtsaboutawiderangeofprovovative“brain”topics.

7. GoogleandGoogleScholar.Googleviahumanbrainimageswillhave100’sof

imagesofbrainanatomyandphysiology.Scholarwillhavescientificarticles.

Page 2: An Introduction to the Structure, Function and Aging of ...The Future of the Brain. Essays by the World’s Leading Neuroscientists. Intreaguing insights by researchers into their

R.Rubin–SSU/OlliHandout#1Spring2017

UsefulVocabularyDefinationsandexplainationsoftermsusedinclassareavailableonline,intheglossariesoftextbooksandinscientificdictionaries.Thefollowinglistcontainsmostofthetermsthatwillbementionedinclass.

Amygdala HippocampusAnteriorhorncells HomunculusAphasia HypothalamusApolipoproteinE LaterialgeniculatenucleusAssociationcortex LesionAstrocyte LimbicsystemAutoimmune Longvsshortaxons Basalnuclei(basalganglia,subcorticalnuclei) Medulla/medullaoblongataBiogenicamines/monoamines/catecholamines BrainstemBroca’sArea(area44and45) Midbrain/mesencephalonBrodman’sareas Mitosis/mitoticc Caudal(towardthetail) MultipolarCentralcanal MyelincephalonCephalic(towardthehead) MyelinsheathCentralnervoussystem(CNS) NerveCerebrospinalfluid NeurofilamentCerebrum–Lobes Neuron/Neurondoctrine CircleofWillis NeurotransmitterCommissuralpathways NucleusCorpuscallosum OccipitallobeCriticalperiod OligodendrocyteDecussate ParietalLobeDiencephalon Parkinson’sdiseaseDifferentiation PonsDopamine PostsynapticvsPresynapticEntorhinalcortex(area28) PrefrontalcortexFissure ProprioceptionFrontallobe RaphenucleiGamma-aminobutyricadic(GABA) ReceptorGlutamate SaggitalGraymattervsWhitematter Serotonin(5-HT)GyrusvsSulcus(Gyri/sulci=pl.) SubstantianigraHemisphere Synapse/synapticcleft Thalamus Ventricle