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An Introduction to Evidence-based Design Accreditation and Certification - EDAC
Evidence-based Design and EDAC
• The Center for Health Design’s internationally recognized EDAC program awards credentials to individuals who demonstrate a thorough understanding of how to apply an evidence-based design process in the design and development of healthcare settings.
• The EDAC exam establishes standards and tests individuals on the EBD process.• Use of the EDAC appellation distinguishes your knowledge and practice of EBD in healthcare.
Mission: To develop a community of certified industry professionals through education and assessment of an evidence-based design process.
Vision: A world where all healthcare environments are created using an evidence-based design process.
EDAC was created to:•Provide a definition of EBD and define a standard process for implementing EBD
•Establish expectations for individuals who are or will be using an EBD process
•Institutionalize EBD as an accepted and credible approach to improve healthcare outcomes
EDAC Mission and Vision
The EDAC Exam
• The exam consists of 110 items with stems, keys, and distracters
–Stem: The stem may contain several sentences that provide background information and will end with a question. The candidate must read the stem carefully to avoid selecting the wrong answer based upon a misunderstanding of the question.
–Key: The most appropriate or correct answer from the four choices.
–Distracters: The other choices that may not be entirely incorrect, however, they are NOT the most appropriate or correct choice to answer the question written in the stem.
Exam Structure
• requires candidates to draw from memorized facts
• does not have answers that vary with the situation
• characteristics: the question or statement is short with one variable
Types of Exam Questions
• asks the candidate to consider how the EBD process is applied in various scenarios or situations and requires the candidate to interpret, classify, translate, or recognize relationships between a situation or other variables
• has correct answers that vary based upon the situation
• characteristics: statements and questions will have more than one variable and will require careful reading and correlation of the answers with the variables in the statements or question.
ANALYSISANALYSIS
• requires information synthesis, problem solving, analysis of the situation and selection of the best response
• has correct answers that vary based upon the situation
• candidates act on a problem and identify clues contained in the question or statement
• characteristics: the longest question/statement and will ask candidates to select the best answer and requires careful reading to establish the relationship between variables in the question and the answers.
Five Domains:
• EBD for Healthcare
• Research
• Pre-Design
• Design
• Construction & Occupancy
Exam Content Outline
The exam content outline can be downloaded from www.healthdesign.org/edac
Read all three study guides to:
• Gain an overview about the healthcare industry
• Understand the trends and challenges that impact healthcare design
• Learn information about finding, using and conducting research
• Understand how to integrate the evidence-based design process
Preparing for the Exam
Study Guide 1: An Introduction to Evidence-Based Design: Exploring Healthcare and Design
Guide 1 provides an introduction to evidence-based design (EBD) and an overview of the healthcare delivery system. Topics include:
•History and evolution of EBD
•Trends impacting healthcare
•Role of key stakeholders
•An introduction to research
•EBD in practice - Military Health System
Study Guide 2: Building the Evidence Base: Understanding Research in Healthcare DesignGuide 2 explores the role of research in evidence-based design. Topics include:
•What is research?
•Research process
•Research methodologies
•Finding and using research
•Research Plan
•Creating new evidence
•Measurement Tools
Study Guide 3: Integrating Evidence-Based Design: Practicing the Healthcare Design Process
Guide 3 integrates the evidence-based design process into the typical steps of the design process in detail from pre-design, design, construction and post occupancy. Topics include:
•Creating the interdisciplinary team
•Establishing vision and goals
•Developing design strategies
•Gathering baseline data
•Developing hypotheses
•Monitoring construction
•Implementing the research plan
•Sharing results
Other Resources
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How EDAC is Different Than Other Credentials
EDAC is complementary to other design industry credentials and provides added expertise to strengthen an individual’s knowledge. It is for anyone who is a member of a project team designing a new hospital, ambulatory center, or renovating an existing building. The EDAC program:
•Focuses on achieving improvement and outcomes in all three areas of safety (patient, staff and environment)
•Does not have pre-requisites or licensure requirements
•Tests your knowledge of the EBD process, not specific research
•Credential recognized across the U.S. and internationally
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Benefits of EDAC CertificationEDAC certification is for anyone interested in formalizing their knowledge of the EBD process. The credential provides:
•Public recognition of your EBD expertise•Increased value with clients and/or employers•Ability to share a common language with project team members•Credibility when justifying expenditures associated with design decisions and innovations•Access to ongoing professional learning tools and newsletters•Access to the a community of like-minded individuals
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EDAC Certification - Students
•Set yourself apart – EDAC certification is an internationally recognized asset on your resume.
•Put your passion to work – change the world of healthcare using evidence-based design.
•Network with top industry professionals – join a community that is passionate about changing the face of healthcare design.
•Get 40% off EDAC Study Guides and the EDAC Exam.
•Visit www.healthdesign.org/edac and use code STU
from The Center for Health Design 15
Evidence-Based Design History and Background
EBD History and Background
EVIDENCE-BASED DESIGN
IS THE PROCESS OF BASINGDECISIONSABOUT THE BUILT
ENVIRONMENT ON CREDIBLERESEARCHTO ACHIEVE THEBEST POSSIBLE OUTCOMES
Listed in SG1
EBD Process
Key Differences Between EBD and Typical Project Delivery
Addresses Healthcare Trends/Challenges • Developing design strategies targeted to improve clinical, environmental and
safety outcomes. Research is Used • EBD uses relevant evidence to educate the project team and guides the
development of design strategies. The integration of these strategies is linked to achieving outcomes.
New Research is Created • Conducting post occupancy evaluation/research to create new evidence
and report the results.
Other Considerations: The Environment of Care
The impact of the physical environment on organizational culture can best be understood by considering the components of the Environment of Care (EOC).
Value Proposition for CEOs
The New Reality:
Healthcare faces greater transparency around patient and workforce safety/ quality issues
Progressive organizations can achieve measurable improvements and operating savings through evidence-based design.
Why EBD in Healthcare? The Business Case
• Goal – demonstrate facilities investments contribute to improvements in:
– Patient-care quality
– Safety and satisfaction of patients and staff, and
– Enhancing the bottom line
• Create a business case by looking at the entire life cycle for the project and consider:
– First year and multiyear costs
– Revenue and operational savings
– ROI based on a multi year payback period
– Assessment of baseline performance changes
The Business Case – Return on Investment
1
Source: Zofia Rybkowski, PhD Candidate, UC Berkeley, Engineering and Project Management, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering.
Can design reallyCan design reallyaffect outcomesaffect outcomes??
BUILTBUILTENVIRONMENT RESEARCHENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
DOES EXISTDOES EXIST20042004650
20082008 1,000+1,000+2014 2014 CHD Knowledge Repository – 3,000CHD Knowledge Repository – 3,000
26
Knowledge Repositorywww.healthdesign.org/search/articles
Sample EDAC Exam Questions
Sample Question
RECALL: Central to making the business case for new design strategies, what will need to be balanced against ongoing operating savings and revenue enhancements?
a. patient outcomes
b. one-time capital costs
c. longer construction timelines
d. project vision and mission
Sample Question - Answer
RECALL: Central to making the business case for new design strategies, what will need to be balanced against ongoing operating savings and revenue enhancements?
a. patient outcomes
b. one-time capital costs
c. longer construction timelines
d. project vision and mission
SAMPLE QUESTION
RECALL: When applying an evidenced-based design process, why MUST the economic and social factors included in the Environment of Care (EOC) model be considered when designing the physical environment?
a)They affect the development of the budget
b)They influence the results of the research.
c)They define baseline performance metrics.
d)They exist concurrently and influence planning.
ANSWER
RECALL: When applying an evidenced-based design process, why MUST the economic and social factors included in the Environment of Care (EOC) model be considered when designing the physical environment?
a)They affect the development of the budget
b)They influence the results of the research.
c)They define baseline performance metrics.
d)They exist concurrently and influence planning.
Sample Question
APPLICATION: A project team is designing a brand new children’s hospice. Before starting the design, the team employed a researcher who conducted a study in three of the city’s existing hospices using the following tools: surveys; in-depth interviews; focus groups. Which of the following best describes the research methodology used?
a. applied research
b. mixed methods
c. quantitative
d. qualitative
Sample Question - Answer
APPLICATION: A project team is designing a brand new children’s hospice. Before starting the design, the team employed a researcher who conducted a study in three of the city’s existing hospices using the following tools: surveys; in-depth interviews; focus groups. Which of the following best describes the research methodology used?
a. applied research
b. mixed methods
c. quantitative
d. qualitative
APPLICATION: Historically, most health care organizations have thought of the physical building as a sunk cost. In evidence-based design, and as part of developing the business case, what is the physical building viewed as? a)A revenue center. b)A strategic investment. c)A capital expense.d)A healing environment
SAMPLE QUESTION
APPLICATION: Historically, most health care organizations have thought of the physical building as a sunk cost. In evidence-based design, and as part of developing the business case, what is the physical building viewed as? a)A revenue center. b)A strategic investment. c)A capital expense.d)A healing environment
ANSWER
Sample Question
ANALYSIS: A summary of EBD research in an architectural magazine indicates that carpeting is associated with a reduction in patient falls and decreased workplace injuries; while nursing floor layout is associated with a reduction in patient falls and increased staff satisfaction. Given a limited budget, what should the organization do FIRST to determine where to invest its limited resources?
a.Select the design feature that is most in line with the EBD vision.
b.Check the hospital statistics to see which of the two design features will result in a greater reduction in operating costs.
c.Choose the design feature that is of most interest to the core design team.
d.Conduct a critical review of the existing research before making any decisions.
Sample Question - Answer
ANALYSIS: A summary of EBD research in an architectural magazine indicates that carpeting is associated with a reduction in patient falls and decreased workplace injuries; while nursing floor layout is associated with a reduction in patient falls and increased staff satisfaction. Given a limited budget, what should the organization do FIRST to determine where to invest its limited resources?
a.Select the design feature that is most in line with the EBD vision.
b.Check the hospital statistics to see which of the two design features will result in a greater reduction in operating costs.
c.Choose the design feature that is of most interest to the core design team.
d.Conduct a critical review of the existing research before making any decisions.
Sample Question
ANALYSIS: One of the members of the interdisciplinary project team, an experienced nurse, brought in a research report from a peer-reviewed journal that indicated that the efficiency of care provided by the nursing staff is influenced by the layout of patient rooms. This team member argued that the bulk of the EBD budget be spent on this design feature. The team MUST:
a.Allocate the bulk of the budget to patient room redesign, based on this evidence.
b.Validate the research by finding hospitals that have shown an increase in staff efficiency based upon layout of patient rooms.
c.Find evidence to support a wider range of EBD features before deciding how the budget should be allocated.
d. Ignore the recommendation because the report lacks rigor.
Sample Question - Answer
ANALYSIS: One of the members of the interdisciplinary project team, an experienced nurse, brought in a research report from a peer-reviewed journal that indicated that the efficiency of care provided by the nursing staff is influenced by the layout of patient rooms. This team member argued that the bulk of the EBD budget be spent on this design feature. The team MUST:
a.Allocate the bulk of the budget to patient room redesign, based on this evidence.
b.Validate the research by finding hospitals that have shown an increase in staff efficiency based upon layout of patient rooms.
c.Find evidence to support a wider range of EBD features before deciding how the budget should be allocated.
d. Ignore the recommendation because the report lacks rigor.
Sample Question
ANALYSIS: A hospital-based project team wants to make sure that the observation instrument they developed has a high degree of reliability. They should:
a)Test it in a variety of settings both within and outside the hospital.
b)Have several researchers use it within a specified timeframe and place with the same subjects and see if similar results are achieved.
c)Ask an experienced researcher to validate that the instrument is measuring what it is supposed to measure.
d) Collect opinions on the instrument from within the design team.
Sample Question - Answer
ANALYSIS: A hospital-based project team wants to make sure that the observation instrument they developed has a high degree of reliability. They should:
a)Test it in a variety of settings both within and outside the hospital.
b)Have several researchers use it within a specified timeframe and place with the same subjects and see if similar results are achieved.
c)Ask an experienced researcher to validate that the instrument is measuring what it is supposed to measure.
d)Collect opinions on the instrument from within the design team.
RECALL: When designing a hospital using an evidence-based approach, it is MOST important to remember which of the following? a)To include users in identifying design strategiesb)To make the connection between design and outcomesc)To consider the impact of confounding variablesd)To evaluate and collect baseline data
SAMPLE QUESTION
RECALL: When designing a hospital using an evidence-based approach, it is MOST important to remember which of the following? a)To include users in identifying design strategiesb)To make the connection between design and outcomesc)To consider the impact of confounding variablesd)To evaluate and collect baseline data
SAMPLE QUESTION
Get the EDAC Credential1. Apply for the exam
2. Download the candidate handbook
3. Read the study guides
4. Review the exam content outline
5. Participate in a study session
6. Take the sample exam
Visit www.healthdesign.org/edac for more information.
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To Maintain Your Certification1. Attend conferences and
webinars that contain information about the Evidence-Based Design process, read the HERD Journal, etc.
2. Retain any certificates or CEU forms for courses you attend.
3. Look out for the renewal notification reminders that will come from Castle Worldwide.
4. You will self-report your CEUs on the Castle Worldwide website – 6 CEUS required every 2 years.
Visit www.healthdesign.org/edac for more information. Contact The Center for Health Design for any questions: 925-521-9404
Contact Information
Catherine AnchetaThe Center for Health Design
925.521.9404, ext. 122
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